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Objective: To identify drug information (DI) resources commonly used by pharmacy students of King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, and to assess their ability to determine the appropriate ones for different clinical situations. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2014 (n=92). A paper-based questionnaire was developed, validated, and administered to fifth-year Pharm.D. students and advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) interns. It investigated the students’ DI sources preferences. Besides, it evaluated their competency in classifying DI resources and identifying the best resource to answer case-based multiple-choice questions. Moreover, the study aimed at assessing the impact of providing a case-based combined module of evidence-based practice (EBP) and DI for fifth-year students (new study plan) compared to delivering separate EBP and DI modules through theoretical lectures (old study plan–APPE interns). Results: The preferred resources to the students were online recourses (85.86%), soft copy books (26.08%), and mobile applications (25%). For the DI mobile applications, Medscape was the most common (63.4%), followed by Micromedex (53.5%), Lexicomp (42.3%), and Dynamed (16.9%). Fifth-year students’ scores were significantly higher than APPE interns for the case-based questions. Students’ GPAs were moderately correlated with their total scores. Conclusion: Study participants preferred using electronic DI resources to printed ones. The combined EBP-DI course could be a better option as it links the DI knowledge to clinical situations.

La investigación se llevó a cabo con los alumnos del Colegio Nacional de E.M.D ´´Don Rigoberto Caballero´´ del 3º Ciclo de la Educación Escolar Básica de la ciudad de San Ignacio Misiones en el tiempo comprendido de julio del 2019 a noviembre del 2020 con el Objetivo General de: Determinar el Rendimiento Académico de los alumnos del Colegio Nacional De E.M.D Don Rigoberto Caballero, Educación Escolar Básica 3º ciclo, turno tarde del Plan de Estudios 2019 - 2.020 y teniendo como objetivos específicos: Conocer la cantidad de aprobados y no aprobados de los estudiantes de la cohorte 2019 - 2.020 3er Ciclo del Colegio Nacional EMD Don Rigoberto Caballero. Determinar las asignaturas de los diversos grados con mejor rendimiento académico por parte de los alumnos. Identificar las asignaturas de menor rendimiento académico en el 3er Ciclo de la Educación Escolar Básica del turno tarde. Reconocer las asignaturas de los diferentes grados del 3er Ciclo que poseen más aplazos según el RUE. Con una Investigación de tipo: Descriptiva debido a que identifica las característica generales descriptas en el problema de investigación sobre el rendimiento académico de los alumnos por el sistema RUE.( Registro Único del Estudiante) y Cualitativo porque se describen los resultados obtenidos por los alumnos de la E.E.B turno tarde. La muestra está conformada por 50 alumnos del 3º Ciclo de la E.E.B del Colegio Nacional EMD ´´Don Rigoberto Caballero´´ y Directivos de la Institución. Obteniendo las siguientes conclusiones generales: teniendo en cuenta que el 2020 casi la totalidad del año lectivo se tuvo clases virtuales, en el 9no Grado se tiene un 39% de alumnos aprobados y un 61% de alumnos no aprobados; en el 8vo grado un 56% de alumnos aprobados y un 44% de no aprobados y en el 7mo grado un 56% de alumnos no aprobados y un 44% de alumnos aprobados correspondientes todas a calificaciones del Periodo Ordinario. En el 2019 con clases presenciales en el 9no grado se tuvo un 71% de aprobados y un 28% de no aprobados, en el 8vo un 33% de aprobados y un 67% de no aprobados; en el 7mo grado un 43% de alumnos aprobados y un 57% de no aprobados correspondiente a la etapa ordinaria. El rendimiento escolar es un fenómeno vigente, porque es el parámetro por el cual se puede determinar la calidad y la cantidad de los aprendizajes de los alumnos y además, porque es de carácter social, ya que no abarca solamente a los alumnos, sino a toda la situación docente y a su contexto; según los directivos de la Institución donde se realizó esta investigación.

The American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE) is a crucial, objective assessment of surgical knowledge during training. In 2014, the American Board of Surgery (ABS) announced the alignment of the ABSITE to the SCORE® (Surgical Council on Resident Education) Curriculum Outline for General Surgery Residency. We hypothesized that implementing a pre-ABSITE SCORE-based exam would help identify underperforming residents and provide early guidance to improve performance on the ABSITE.In October 2014, our university-based surgical residency program began administering a yearly comprehensive pre-ABSITE SCORE-based exam consisting of 225 to 250 multiple-choice questions selected from the SCORE question bank to all our general surgery residents, preliminary and categorical. The 4-hour exam addresses both clinical management (80%) and applied sciences (20%). Residents receive reports with their scores (percentage correct). Residents performing at less than 60% meet with the Program Director for discussion and formulation of a study plan. Correlational analysis was performed between resident ABSITE scores, pre-ABSITE SCORE-based exam scores, gender, resident status (preliminary vs. categorical), postgraduate year (PGY), and the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 and Step 2 scores.A total of 244 exam scores (122 pre-ABSITE SCORE-based exams and 122 matched ABSITE) were completed by 51 residents at different PGY levels (32 PGY1, 32 PGY2, 20 PGY3, 19 PGY4, and 18 PGY5). Fifty-seven percent were males, 62% were categorical residents, and 38% were preliminary residents. October pre-ABSITE SCORE-based exam scores were compared to the subsequent January ABSITE scores. Categorical residents completed 101 (83%) of the January exams, while preliminary residents completed 21 (17%) of these paired exams. We found strong correlations between the correct percentage on ABSITE and pre-ABSITE SCORE-based scores (r = 0.637, p0.001), between the correct percentage on ABSITE and PGY (r = 0.688, p0.001), and between ABSITE and resident status (r = 0.462, p0.001). Additionally, there was a weak to negligible correlation between the correct percentage on ABSITE and resident gender (r = 0.274, p = 0.001), USMLE-2 (r = 0.12, p = 0.16), and USMLE-1 (r = 0.04, p = 0.653). Multiple regression analysis, with all predictors, was performed to predict the percentage score on the ABSITE and produced RWe found a strong correlation between performance on the pre-ABSITE SCORE-based exam and performance on the ABSITE exam. Surgery residents are encouraged to start studying earlier and to utilize SCORE contents as outlined by the ABS in their study plan.

espanolEl presente documento analiza los contenidos conceptuales del curso Instituciones de Derecho Privado en el Nuevo Plan de Estudios de la Facultad de Derecho de la Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru. Se abordan dos problemas. En primer lugar, las posibles superposiciones con los contenidos conceptuales de otros cursos del Nuevo Plan, tales como Introduccion a las Ciencias Juridicas o Derechos Fundamentales e Interpretacion Constitucional. En segundo lugar, el conjunto de temas que no se desarrollan a pesar de formar parte de las unidades tematicas del curso. Finalmente, se formulan recomendaciones para afrontar los problemas mencionados. EnglishThis document analyzes the conceptual contents of the Private Law Institutions course in the New Study Plan of the Faculty of Law of the Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru. Two problems are addressed. Firstly, the possible overlaps with the conceptual contents of other courses of the New Plan such as Legal Science Introduction or Fundamental Rights and Constitutional Interpretation. Secondly, the set of topics that are not developed despite being part of the thematic units of the course. Finally, recommendations are made to deal with the aforementioned problems.

La presente investigación educativa, se realizó en el primer trimestre del año 2021. Tuvo como objetivo, evaluar la última versión del plan de estudios del 2018 de La Carrera Profesional de Antropología de La Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, para así recomendar una propuesta de cambio, pertinente a la nueva Ley 30220. Ley educativa que coacciona a las universidades a modificar sus currículos y en este mismo sentido sus planes de estudio cada tres año o antes, según los últimos avances científicos y tecnológicos que se van presentando. La investigación, tuvo como criterios para evaluar dicho plan, los artículos que atañen al diseño curricular en el marco de la Ley 30220. El plan de estudios se evaluó a través del análisis documental. Los resultados del análisis fueron favorables, a razón de que el plan de estudios cumple con la mayoría de los criterios que exige la ley.

الملخص : هدفت الدراسة بيان أهمية المنهج الذي اتبعه أبو الحسن الرماني في کتابه معاني الحروف والوقوف على ما أضافه الرماني للمکتبة العربية من فکر. وتکونت خطة الدراسة من التمهيد: وفيه المقدمة ومبررات اختيار الموضوع وأهدافه وأهميته والدراسات السابقة. المبحث الأول: أبو الحسن الرماني – حياته – آثاره. المبحث الثاني: کتاب معاني الحروف. المبحث الثالث: طريقته في عرض المادة. المبحث الرابع: عنايته بالعلة وموقفه من المصطلحات النحوية. المبحث الخامس: موقف الرماني من الأصول النحوية. ثم خاتمة تضمن أبرز النتائج: الاهتمام بحروف المعاني يساعد کثيرا في فهم آيات القرآن الکريم، ووضوح مغزى إعجازه اللغوي. اتفاق أبي الحسن الرماني والمالقي والمرادي في کثير من معاني الحروف رغم الفوارق بينهم. تأثر علماء النحو والصرف بآراء الرماني بات واضحا، کما لرأيته عند السيوطي وأبي حيان وابن هشام. تفوق المالقي على أبي الحسن الرماني في کثرة الاستشهادات القرآنية. اتباع أبي الحسن لأصول النحو ووضوح ذلک – کما رأيت – في السماع والقياس والإجماع. الاستشهاد بلهجات العرب دليل على ثقافة أبي الحسن الرماني اللغوية اهتمام أبي الحسن بالاستشهاد بالحديث النبوي وإن کان قليلا .Abstract: This study aimed to depict the importance of the approach that Abul-Hasan Al-Rumani followed in the book the meanings of the letters, and to identify what Al-Rumani added to the Arabic library of thought. The study plan consisted of the preface which identified justifications for choosing the topic, its objectives, its importance, and the previous studies. The first topic tackled Abu Al-Hasan Al-Romani, his life and his scientific production. The second topic addressed the book of meanings of letters. The third topic depicted his method of presenting the material. The fourth topic addressed his attention to the cause and his position on grammatical terms. The fifth topic delineated Al-Ramani's position on grammatical origins. The research conclusion included the most prominent results summarized in paying attention to the meanings of letters helps a lot in understanding the verses of the Noble Qur’an, and the clarity of the significance of its linguistic miraculousness. Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ramani, Al-Malqi and Al-Muradi agreed on many meanings of the letters, despite the differences between them. Scholars of grammar and morphology were influenced by the opinions of Al-Ramani and Al-Suyuti, Abu Hayyan and Ibn Hisham. The superiority of Al-Malqi over Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ramani in summarized in the large number of Quranic citations. Abi Al-Hassan’s followed-up to the principles of grammar in the Holy Quran, analogy and consensus. Citing Arab dialects was evidence of Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ramani’s linguistic culture. Abu Al-Hassan’s showed interest in citing the Prophet’s Hadith, albeit a little

The present report describes the case of the Internacional Master Degree in Research in Humanities, the process that brought to its creation and its peculiar structure. The work shortly analyzes some of the program’s characteristics such as its goals, the curricular model, which is a key part of its success; it also explain the ability of being able to achieve the master degree program development during the pandemic. The combination of its modular structure, of its different and adaptable study plan, as well as its simple but effective tools show that, without the need of the highest technological levels, nor a very expensive infrastructure, it is still possible to achieve an example of success in postgraduate studies and in particular in research.

يهدف البحث إلى: توضيح الحکم الفقهي والرأي الطبي في نازلة ( إخفاء تجاعيد الوجه بغير جراحة دراسة فقهية طبية) المنهج المتبع: استخدمت المنهج الاستقرائي الوصفي في البحث فبدأت البحث بمقدمة وضحت فيها أهمية البحث، وأهدافه، ومشکلة البحث، والدراسات السابقة لهذا الموضوع والفرق بينها، وثم خطة البحث والمنهج المتبع في هذا البحث، والصعوبات التي واجهتني، ثم قسمت البحث لأربعة مباحث، المبحث الأول: التعريف مفهوم إخفاء تجاعيد الوجه بغير جراحة والألفاظ ذات الصلة وأسبابها، والحکمة من إخفائها ، المبحث الثاني: وسائل إخفاء تجاعيد الوجه بدون جراحة ، ثم التکييف الفقهي لإخفاء تجاعيد الوجه بدون جراحة في المبحث الثالث، والمبحث الرابع: حکم إخفاء تجاعيد الوجه بدون جراحة في الفقه الإسلامي، وذيلت البحث بخاتمة وضحت فيها أهم النتائج والتوصيات ثم انهيت البحث بفهرس المصادر والمراجع، وأهم النتائج: الراجح هو القول بجواز الحقن إذا کان لغرض التداوي الحاجي ولم يترتب عليه ضرر يفوق ضرر وجود التجاعيد وکان بمادة أصلها مباح أو أجازتها الشريعة أما الحقن التحسيني فلا يجوز ذلک، أن المواد المستخدمة في الحقن لها ثلاثة أنواع: (طبيعية، وصناعية، وذاتية)، أن أغلب النساء لا يعلمن الأضرار الناتجة عن الحقن ولا الحکم الشرعي له، وتوصي الباحثة باستحداث فروع ميدانية (طبية شرعية) تابعة للشؤون الإسلامية الهدف منها متابعة مراکز التجميل، کما أوصي أخواتي الباحثات في الکليات الشرعية يبحثن کل دخيل على ديننا وتوضيحه لمعرفة الأحکام الشرعية. This research paper aims to illustrate juristic ruling and medical opinion on a new occurrence, that is, non-surgical removal of facial wrinkles, adopting an inductive, descriptive methodology. It opens with an introduction containing the significance and objectives of the study, a statement of the problem and a review of respective literature. Then, this is followed by a study plan, with reference to the adopted methodology and the difficulties faced during the study, as well as the difficulties faced. The study is thus divided into four sections, beginning with a definition of non-surgical removal of facial wrinkles, reasons and wisdom behind removal of it, and an illustration of relevant terms. This is followed by a section addressing the methods of non-surgical removal of facial wrinkles, while the third section engages juristic categorization of the types of wrinkle treatment. The fourth section discusses the juristic ruling on non-surgical removal of facial wrinkles, followed by a conclusion containing the key findings and recommendations. Then followed is a list of resources. Among the key findings is that the preponderant opinion states that non-surgical removal of facial wrinkles through injection (of fillers) is permissible in case medical treatment is driven by a medical need, not entailing greater harm than the presence of wrinkles. However, if there be no medical need to treat the wrinkles, then such treatment is impermissible. Besides, the materials used as fillers are of three types, natural, synthetic, or dermal. It is also found out that most women do not know about the harms entailing injection, or about the respective religious rulings. The researcher thus recommends the introduction of new medical field (forensic) affiliating with the Islamic Affairs authority with the purpose of monitoring the work of cosmetic centers. She also recommends female researchers in Sha’i colleges to investigate new occurrences and illustrate respective religious rulings.

وقد اقتضت طبيعة البحث أن أقسمه إلي مقدمة وتمهيد وثلاثة فصول وخاتمة وقد تحدثت في مقدمته عن أهمية الموضوع وأسباب اختياره والمنهج الذي اتبعته في إعداده ثم خطة البحث، وأما التمهيد ففي مفهوم القرائن والاثبات في اللغة والاصطلاح الفقهي والقانوني وأدلة مشروعيتها والفصل الأول في أقسام القرائن من الناحية الفقهية والقانونية وأما الفصل الثاني ففي دور القيافة في إثبات النسب والفصل الثالث في دور القرائن في الاثبات والعقاب الناشئ عن القرينة المثبتة، أما الخاتمة ففي أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها من خلال البحث، ويهدف البحث إلي إثبات أثر القرائن في تقوية طرق الثبوت وبناء کثير من الفروع الفقهية على أثر القرائن في المسائل الأصولية المرتبطة بها. The study is divided into a preface, and introduction and three chapters followed by a conclusion. The preface addresses the significance of the study, the reasons for selecting it, the methodology of research and the study plan. Then, the introduction covers linguistic and juristic/legal technical definitions of the concepts evidence and proof, and the religious grounds for its legality. Then, the first chapter tackles evidence from juristic and legal perspectives, while the second engages the role of qiyafa (primitive method in tracing and proving lineage based on physical features) in determining genealogy. As for the third chapter, it highlights the role of diverse evidence as proof and the positive evidence-consequent punishment, while the conclusion introduces the key findings. The study aims at maintaining the effect of evidence in sustaining affirmation and its role as a ground for numerous juristic branches or issues related to the principles of jurisprudence.

Resumen Con el objetivo de entender la fundación en 1922 de la Escuela de Archivistas, Bibliotecarios y Técnicos para el servicio de Museos de la Universidad de Buenos Aires durante el decanato de Ricardo Rojas, se realiza un estudio exploratorio de su primer plan de estudios (1923-1927). Los datos se obtienen a partir de los programas de la Facultad y literatura crítica. Los resultados obtenidos permiten conocer el contexto detrás de la construcción de dicha Escuela, las razones para no imitar el plan de Estados Unidos o Francia, y las críticas que tuvo por parte del campo bibliotecario. Se concluye con una reflexión acerca de la necesidad de continuar estudiando el periodo en cuestión. Abstract To understand the foundation in 1922 of the Escuela de Archivistas, Bibliotecarios y Técnicos para el servicio de Museos of the Universidad de Buenos Aires during the tenure of Ricardo Rojas, an exploratory analysis of its first study plan (1923-1927) is carried out. The data was obtained from the School’s programs and critical literature. The results obtained allow us to know the context behind the School’s foundation, the reasons for not imitating the plans of the United State of America or France, and the critics made by the library field. This analysis concludes with a reflection on the need to continue studying this period.

According to the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics in Mexico (INEGI, 2010) about 800,000 people over 5 years of age are Mayan speakers in Yucatán, where 538,355 are reported. According to Pineda, cited by Krotz (2008), Valladolid is one of the municipalities in the state with the largest number of Mayan speakers. Since the 2004 curriculum, the Intercultural Bilingual Primary Education Bachelor's Degree (LEPIB in Spanish), serves this population since our students carry out their teaching practices and provide their professional services with children from the municipality, approximately 50% of whom are Mayan speakers in their entirety. Since 2005, the "Juan de Dios Rodríguez Heredia" Higher Normal School has been responsible for teaching the LEPIB, being this school the only one in the state with this degree. Due to the characteristics of the incoming students, most of whom do not speak the Mayan language, several actions have been implemented for the teaching of this language in correspondence with the graduate profile of the 2012 curriculum. The reform of the 2012 curriculum includes bilingual intercultural teaching competencies, which emphasizes the acquisition of linguistic skills of the native language, in this case, the Mayan language.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of using the differentiated education strategy on mathematics achievement among ninth grade students in Jordan. The number of the study members was (106) male and female students, who were divided into two groups: the first is an experimental group that studied using the differentiated education method consisting of (24 male and 18 female students), and the second is a control group that studied in the traditional way consisting of (39 male and 25 students). The study plan of the experimental group included Geometry unit topics that were designed using the differentiated education strategy. An achievement Exam was done in the Geometry unit and it was judged , The values of honesty and reliability has been calculated, and the results of the study showed that there are statistically significant differences at the level of (α = 0.05) between the students ’grades in Mathematical Achievement due to the teaching method used for the benefit of the experimental group that studied in a method Differentiated Education, and the absence of statistically significant differences at the level of (α = 0.05) between students ’grades in achievement rates attributable to the gender variable, as well as the absence of a statistically significant interaction between the teaching method and gender.

En el presente trabajo de investigación se plantea como hipótesis que un modelo de tutorización proactiva, centrado en el acompañamiento y seguimiento continuo del estudiante online, mejora la tasa de aprobados y la satisfacción de los estudiantes. Para validar dicha hipótesis se describen y comparan los resultados de las encuestas de satisfacción y la tasa de aprobados de los cursos impartidos a través del Plan de Estudios Coordinados en Asesoría Financiera del Centro de Formación Permanente de la Universitat Politècnica de València, incluyéndose en el estudio 27 cursos que siguen un modelo de tutorización proactiva con un total de 5.613 estudiantes matriculados y una muestra de 2.500 cuestionarios y 30 cursos que siguen un modelo de tutorización reactiva con un total de 1.862 estudiantes matriculados y una muestra de 583 cuestionarios. Los resultados obtenidos permiten aceptar la hipótesis de partida confirmando que en los cursos que se ha seguido un modelo de tutorización proactiva la tasa de aprobados es un 27% más alta, y al respecto de la satisfacción del alumnado, en ambos tipos de tutorización, el patrón general de respuestas a las encuestas, con ciertas diferencias en la distribución de las mismas, es similar si bien, la satisfacción es más alta en los cursos que han seguido un modelo de tutorización proactivo, mientras que la insatisfacción es mayor en los de tutorización reactiva. In this research, we established the hypothesis that a proactive tutoring model, focused on the continuous monitoring and follow-up of the online student, improves the rate of approved students and student satisfaction. To validate this hypothesis, we describe and compare the results of the satisfaction surveys and the approved rate of the courses taught through the Coordinated Study Plan in Financial Advisory of the Center for Permanent Training of the Polytechnic University of Valencia. We included in the research 27 courses that follow a proactive tutoring model with a total of 5.613 students enrolled and a sample of 2.500 questionnaires and 30 courses that follow a reactive tutoring model with a total of 1.139 students enrolled with a sample of 583 questionnaires. The results obtained permit accepting the initial hypothesis, confirming that in the courses that a proactive tutoring model was followed, the approved rate is 27% higher and regarding student satisfaction in both types of tutoring the general pattern of responses to the survey, with certain differences in their distribution, were similar, although satisfaction is higher in courses that have followed a proactive tutoring model, while dissatisfaction is greater in those with a reactive tutoring.

La necesidad de la educación en derechos humanos entre los profesionales del Trabajo Social ha sido constatada por diversas investigaciones en la materia. Su papel es relevante para el desarrollo de competencias, actitudes y conocimientos relacionados entre los estudiantes de Pregrado (Grado en el contexto universitario español). De acuerdo con ello, en este estudio se persigue poner en relación el conocimiento que el estudiantado universitario de Trabajo Social alcanza sobre derechos humanos a lo largo de su formación con los contenidos que se recogen en las asignaturas de su plan de estudios. Se emplea un enfoque multimétodo, desde el que se explora la percepción sobre este conocimiento entre estudiantes del Grado en Trabajo Social de la Universidad de Málaga (España), junto con el análisis del plan de estudio que cursan con dicha titulación. Se constata que el estudiantado posee un conocimiento limitado acerca de los ODS y de la Agenda 2030, mientras que los derechos humanos son más conocidos. Se manifiesta la necesidad tanto de potenciar el enfoque de derechos humanos y ODS en la formación recibida como de que las diversas asignaturas que cursan profundicen en la inherente relación entre estos y el Trabajo Social.

Bu araştırma, lise son sınıf öğrencilerinin salgın döneminde ders çalışma alışkanlıklarının salgın öncesine göre bir değişim olup olmadığını araştırmaya yöneliktir. Araştırma örneklemini Tokat İli merkez ilçesinde öğrenim gören beş değişik liseden 110 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırmalardan içerik analizi ve nicel araştırmalardan betimsel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri Google Form üzerinden toplanmıştır. Çalışmada araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen anket ve açık uçlu bir soru kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin nicel kısmı SPSS26 aracığı ile analiz edilmiş, nitel kısmı ise içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. İçerik analizi aşamasında toplam 63 öğrencinin cevabı analiz edilmiştir. Nitel verilerin analizi sonucuna göre salgın süreci öğrencilerin %46’sının hedeflerine yönelik çalışmasını olumsuz etkilemezken, %29’unu bu süreç olumsuz etkilemiştir. Öğrencilerin %25’inde bu sürecin kendilerinde derslere karşı olumlu etkileri olmuştur. Nitel araştırma bulgularına göre ise salgın öncesine göre salgın sürecinde öğrencilerin hedeflerinde kayda değer bir değişim yoktur. Aynı şekilde sınava yönelik çalışma alanlarında ve çalışma planlarında anlamlı düzeyde (p>.05) bir değişim olmamıştır. Ancak öğrencilerin ders çalışma destek kaynaklarında (p, This research aims to investigate whether the study habits of the high school senior during the epidemic period have changed compared to the pre-epidemic period. The research sample consists of 110 students from five different schools studying in the central district of Tokat. Content analysis from qualitative research and descriptive method from quantitative research were used in the research. Research data were collected via Google Form. A questionnaire developed by the researcher and an open-ended question were used in the study. The quantitative part of the data obtained from the research was analyzed by SPSS26, and the qualitative part was analyzed by content analysis. In the content analysis phase, a total of 63 students' answers were analyzed. According to the results of the analysis of qualitative data, the epidemic process did not negatively affect the work of 46% of the students towards their goals, while this process negatively affected 29%. In 25% of the students, this process had positive effects on the lessons. According to the qualitative research findings, there is no significant change in the goals of the students during the epidemic compared to the pre-epidemic period. Likewise, there was no significant change (p>.05) in the study areas and study plans for the exam. However, a significant difference was detected in the study support resources of the students (p

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal determinar la influencia entre las variables: estrategias didácticas por competencia en la enseñanza de la biología en estudiantes de pregrado. Según la naturaleza y características de la investigación, estratégicamente se determinó como un estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, cuasi – experimental, ex – post – facto y explicativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por estudiantes de los semestres III al X, que cursan las diferentes asignaturas de biología, en la especialidad de Biología y Química, según el plan de estudios 2013 de la Facultad de Educación en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, los mismos que ascienden a 110 estudiantes. Se confeccionaron dos instrumentos, una para cada variable de estudio, con una confiabilidad de consistencia interna según el valor Coeficiente α Cronbach = 0,900 “excelente”. Para el tratamiento estadístico se utilizó el SPSS v.25. El estudio permitió confirmar que las Estrategias Didácticas por Competencias SÍ influyen significativamente en la enseñanza de la biología en estudiantes de pregrado de la especialidad de Biología y Química, Facultad de Educación, en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.

We examined self-directed studying of students in an introductory (Study 1) and upper-level (Study 2) psychology course. Students reported their study behaviors for Exam 1 and 2, and wrote Exam 2 study plans. In both studies, students planned to and ultimately did use more active strategies for Exam 2 than Exam 1. However, they struggled to follow through on plans to space studying over time. In Study 1, we also found that greater use of active strategies (e.g., retrieval practice) was associated with higher exam scores when controlling for factors such as study time. Our findings highlight that students across course levels are interested in changing their study behaviors and we note implications for instructors.

Investigative competencies are necessary to carry out an optimal and efficient research process. Descriptive research is presented whose general objective is to design a proposal of investigative competencies in the areas of the study plan of the medical career. The specific objectives are: to characterize the teachers and students of the medical career, identify the research activities in progress, describe the scientific and technical competences for the performance of the research and design a proposal of investigative competences in the three areas of the plan of study of the medical career of an Ecuadorian university.

espanolEn este documento se presenta el desarrollo de un indice que pretende cuantificar, segun algunos criterios conocidos en teoria de grafos, que tanta relevancia tiene una asignatura, teniendo en cuenta su ubicacion en la malla curricular, su numero de creditos, sus prerrequisitos y las asignaturas dependientes.Lo primero fue modelar el plan academico mediante un grafo, el cual tiene como elementos considerados unicamente los creditos asignados y los prerrequisitos que se deben cumplir antes de cursar las asignaturas. Luego de contar con este modelo, se aplicaron algoritmos de teoria de grafos que permiten medir la importancia de una materia con respecto a la localizacion en su malla curricular (Centralidad) y permiten dar una medida de la importancia de las asignaturas basada en los creditos academicos, sus prerrequisitos y asignaturas dependientes de esta (Vecindad).Es importante rescatar que el analisis presentado no tiene como objeto indicar que una asignatura tiene mas importancia que otra para el desarrollo profesional del estudiante, sino por el contrario analizar, de una manera estimativa cuales asignaturas aportan mas a la conectividad del programa y al flujo academico por esta red unicamente teniendo en cuenta la informacion que se encuentra en el curriculum.El resultado que se obtiene es un indice compuesto, que permite visualizar la relevancia de las asignaturas en el plan de estudios. EnglishThis document presents the development of an index that aims to quantify, according to some criteria known in graph theory, how relevant a subject is, taking into account its location in the curriculum, its number of credits, its prerequisites and the subjects dependents. The first thing was to model the academic plan (plan academico) using a graph, which considers only two things: the assigned credits and the prerequisites that must be met before taking the subjects. After having this model, graph theory algorithms were applied that allow to measure the importance of a subject with respect to the location in its curricular mesh (malla curricular ) (Centrality) and allow to give a measure of the importance of the subjects based on academic credits, its prerequisites and subjects depending on it (Neighborhood). It is important to note that the analysis presented is not intended to indicate that one subject is more important than another for the student's professional development, but rather to analyze, in an estimative way, which subjects contribute more to the connectivity of the program and academic flow by this network only taking into account the information found in the curriculum. The result obtained is a composite index, which allows visualizing the relevance degree of the subjects in the study plan

ResumenEn este trabajo abordamos el problema de la introducción de la modelización en la formación de profesores de matemática. En particular, analizamos un espacio curricular creado en el nuevo plan de estudios del profesorado universitario en matemática de la Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina, con el principal objetivo de vivenciar un proceso de estudio basado en un REI multidisciplinar como parte constitutiva de la formación matemática en la carrera de profesorado universitario en matemática.Palabras-Clave: Teoría Antropológica de lo Didáctico, Recorrido de Estudio e Investigación, Modelización Matemática.AbstractIn this work we approach the problem of the introduction of the modeling in the teachers' formation of mathematics. Especially, we shall review a curricular course created in the new study plan of the university teachers career in mathematics at the Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina, with the principal aim to experiment a process of study based on the layout of one SRP multidisciplinary as constitutive part of the mathematical training in the career of university professorship of mathematics.Keywords: Anthropological Theory of the Didactic, Course of study and research, Mathematical modeling.

El presente artículo de reflexión realiza un análisis sobre la importancia que tiene la Educación Ambiental para los estudiantes de educación básica y media en tres instituciones educativas públicas de El Espinal (Tolima), el papel y rol que esta cumple para su vida personal y académica, comprendiendo la intervención que esta educación puede realizar en la construcción y transformación social desde la enseñanza de valores para una buena relación con el ambiente, crear hábitos y comportamientos que permitan mejorar los conflictos y problemáticas ambientales presentes en la sociedad actual y el educar para proteger, cuidar y preservar los recursos naturales para las generaciones presentes y futuras. Este análisis se llevó a cabo a través de la aplicación de una encuesta a estudiantes de los grados noveno, decimo y undécimo. Se encuentra que los temas ambientales son asignados al área de Ciencias Naturales, los docentes no tienen una formación ambiental y no se presenta una transversalidad de la Educación Ambiental en el plan de estudios y esta se limita a la celebración de fechas ambientales en el calendario académico, para los estudiantes lo ambiental y la Educación Ambiental es importante para su vida académica y personal presentando un compromiso e interés.

The undergraduate programme in Environmental Sciences (UPES) have a higher contribution to sustainability and produce better-educated graduates in sustainability areas. To evaluate the UPES, two questionnaires were applied: (a) to the students who dropout; and (b) to the graduates. Also, a student satisfaction questionnaire was used that obtained very positive answers about the experience with online teaching, the coordination team and have very positive general satisfaction of UPES. It was found that most students dropped without doing any course, which may indicate that they have not adapted to this type of Online Education. The positive and negative aspects presented by the dropouts were very dispersed, which reveals that they did not know UPES deeply. Mostly graduates work in the environmental and related areas and have move up their professional careers. The positive and negative aspects among graduates revealed greater knowledge and involvement in UPES, showing, in addition to a good study plan, proximity and collaboration between students and teachers.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the canceling and rescheduling of the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) examinations due to the nationwide closure of the Prometric testing centers, which poses a significant challenge to medical students. The rescheduling of a high-stakes board examination leads to significant stress and potential burnout. Students may need guidance to decrease anxiety and reframe their study plan while maintaining their knowledge. Here, we combined board examination coaching tips with specific worked examples to describe how to prevent burnout, give recommendations for scheduling, and suggest practical approaches to USMLE and other high-stakes examinations.

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على فاعلية التدريب على توظيف تطبيقات الأجهزة الذکية في تعزيز الکفايات المهنية التکنولوجية لدى معلمي التربية الخاصة قبل الخدمة بجامعة جازان؛ حيث تم استخدام المنهج التجريبي القائم على نظام المجموعتين المتکافئتين ذات الاختبار القبلي والبعدي. اشتملت عينة الدراسة على مجموعتين إحداهما تجريبية والأخرى ضابطة، وتکونت عينة الدراسة من (40) طالبا من الطلاب المسجلين لمقرر التدريب الميداني الذي يقدم في آخر مستوى دراسي ضمن خطتهم الدراسية في برنامج بکالوريوس التربية الخاصة في کلية التربية بجامعة جازان. حيث تم عقد عدد (9) جلسات تدريبية لعينة الدراسة بهدف تعزيز الکفايات المهنية التکنولوجية لديهم قبل تعريضهم لمقياس الدراسة، وتمثلت أداة الدراسة في مقياس الکفايات المهنية التکنولوجية لمعلمي التربية الخاصة مکون من (50) عبارة موزعة على محورين رئيسيين. المحور الأول: استخدام التقنيات في تعليم ذوي الإعاقة والمحور الثاني: الاتجاهات نحو تطبيقات الأجهزة الذکية لتعليم ذوي الإعاقة، وأسفرت نتائج الدراسة عن وجود فرق دال إحصائيا بين متوسطي درجات المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في القياس البعدي على مقياس الکفايات المهنية التکنولوجية لمعلمي التربية الخاصة قبل الخدمة عند مستوى = α 0.05 لصالح متوسط درجات المجموعة التجريبية، کما أسفرت النتائج عن وجود فرق دال إحصائيا بين متوسطي درجات المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين القبلي والبعدي على مقياس الکفايات المهنية التکنولوجية لمعلمي التربية الخاصة قبل الخدمة عند مستوى = α 0.05 لصالح القياس البعدي. کذلک بينت النتائج عدم وجود فرق دال إحصائيا بين متوسطي درجات المجموعة الضابطة في القياسين القبلي والبعدي على مقياس الکفايات المهنية التکنولوجية لمعلمي التربية الخاصة قبل الخدمة عند مستوى = α 0.05. أيضا أوضحت النتائج عدم وجود فرق دال إحصائيا بين متوسطي درجات المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين البعدي والتتبعي لمستوى الکفايات المهنية التکنولوجية لمعلمي التربية الخاصة قبل الخدمة عند مستوى = α 0.05. هذه النتائج تشير إلى فاعلية جلسات البرنامج التدريبي عن تطبيقات الأجهزة الذکية وفاعليتها في تعزيز الکفايات المهنية التکنولوجية لدى معلمي التربية الخاصة قبل الخدمة بجامعة جازان. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training on employing smart devices applications in fostering of professional technological competencies of pre-service special education teachers at Jazan University. An experimental design method based on two equivalent groups was used with pre-test and post-test. The study sample included two groups, experimental and control groups. The study sample consisted of (40) pre-service special education teachers at Jazan University among the students who registered for the training course at the last level of their study plan for the Bachelor of Special Education program at the College of Education. The participants were asked to attend (9) training sessions in order to foster their professional technological competencies before taking the study scale. The study instrument consisted of a scale for the professional technological competencies of pre-service special education teachers. The scale included (50) items divided in two main domains. The first domain: using technology to teach people with disabilities, the second domain: the attitude toward smart devices applications to teach people with disabilities. Research's results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the average scores ofthe experimental and control groups in post-test on the professional technological competencies scale of pre-service special education teachers at the level of α=0.05 in favor of the average scores ofthe experimental group. Also, Research's results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the average scores ofthe experimental group in both pre-test and post-test on the professional technological competencies scale of pre-service special education teachers at the level of α=0.05 in favor of post-test. The results also showed that there was no statistical significant difference between the average scores of the control group in both pre-test and post-test on the professional technological competencies scale of pre-service special education teachers at the level of α=0.05. Also, the results showed that there was no statistical significant difference between the average scores of the experimental group in both post-test and consecutive test for the level of professional technological competencies of pre-service special education teachers at the level of α=0.05. This is an indication of the effectiveness of training program sessions about smart devices applications and their effectiveness on fostering professional technological competencies of pre-service special education teachers at Jazan University.

وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على إسهام الوقف في دعم الحرکة العلمية في القرن السابع الهجري, وتوضح کيف أسهم الوقف في دعم المساجد والخوانق والأربطة و المدارس والمکتبات, والبيمارستانات , ثم التعرف على کيفية تفعيل دور الوقف في دعم البحث العلمي و الحرکة العلمية في الوقت الحاضر. والدراسة عبارة عن فصل تمهيدي وأربع فصول رئيسية, وهي کما يلي: الفصل الأول: خطة الدراسة وتشتمل على مقدمة الدراسة, وموضوعها, وتساؤلاتها, وأهدافها, وأهميتها, ومنهجها, وحدودها و مصطلحاتها, والدراسات السابقة. الفصل الثاني: مفهوم الوقف في الإسلام ويشمل تعريف الوقف عند المذاهب الأربعة و حکمه ومشروعيته والحکمة منه و أنواعه وأرکانه وشروط کل رکن. الفصل الثالث: الأحوال السياسية والثقافية والاجتماعية في القرن السابع الهجري. الفصل الرابع: إسهام الوقف في دعم الحرکة العلمية في القرن السابع الهجري, ويتمثل في دعم الوقف للمساجد و الخوانق والأربطة والمدارس و المکتبات و الرعاية الصحية. الفصل الخامس: تفعيل دور الوقف في دعم البحث العلمي والعملية التعليمية في الوقت الحاضر, وأسباب انحسار الوقف وعوامل إحيائه. ومن أبرز نتائج الدراسة مايلي: أن الوقف في القرن السابع الهجري خاصة ازدهر ازدهارا عظيما, أدى إلى نهضة علمية کبيرة وشاملة حيث أحصى الباحث 410 مؤسسة وقفية , أفرزت علماء أفذاذ وأسماء عظيمة, لا تزال مؤلفاتهم حاضرة حتى اليوم, کالنووي, والعز بن عبدالسلام وابن تيمية , وابن النفيس وغيرهم. أن النظام التعليمي في ذلک القرن , کان يعتمد اعتمادا کبيرا على الوقف کمصدر أساسي لتمويله. و أبرز التوصيات ما يلي: التوعية الإعلامية بأهمية الوقف و الدور الذي يؤديه في تحقيق التکافل الاجتماعي. إنشاء وکالة للوقف التعليمي تتبع لوزارة التربية والتعليم , تشرع وتضع الأنظمة والقوانين التي تفتح المجال أمام الراغبين في الإسهام في مجال الأوقاف التعليمية. استحداث صيغ وقفية حديثة من جانب مجمعات الفقه الإسلامي, تتناسب مع متطلبات العصر الحاضر, وتتوافق مع أنظمة ولوائح وزارات التربية والتعليم والصحة والثقافة والإعلام , حتى يتسنى للمحسنين الوقف على المجال الذي يرغبونه. Abstract Researcher Name: Saeed Mansour Al Tard Al-Qahtani Title: consecration contribution supporting scientific movement in the Seventh Hijri Century. This study aims to identify the contribution of consecration supporting the scientific movement in the seventh Hijri Century, and indicating how the consecration contributed supporting mosques, bonds, schools, libraries, and Hospitals, then identifying how to activate the consecration role supporting the scientific research and scientific movement in modern era. The study consists of an introduction chapter and four main chapters as the following: First chapter: study plan which includes introduction, the subject, questions, objectives, significance, methodology, limits, terms, and pervious studies. Second chapter: the consecration concept in Islam which includes the consecration definition in the four creeds, its provisions, legal entity, the conclusion out of it, types, aspects and conditions. The third chapter: the political, cultural, and social atmosphere in the seventh Hijri Century. The fourth chapter: the contribution of consecration supporting the scientific movement in the seventh Hijri Century, and indicating how the consecration contributed supporting mosques, bonds, schools, libraries, and Hospitals. The fifth chapter: activation the consecration role supporting the scientific research and scientific movement in modern era and reasons for regression of consecration and how to revive it. The most distinctive results are as the following: The consecration in the seventh Hijri century was flourishing which led to comprehensive scientific renaissance, the researcher has counted 410 consecration establishments, which secreted genius scientists and huge names, whose books still used today, like Al-Nawawi, Al-Ezz Bin Abdulsalam, Ibn Taimiah, Ibn Al-Nafees and others. The educational system in that century was mainly based on the consecration as a main source for fund. The most distinctive recommendations are: The media awareness of the importance of the consecration role to achieve social solidarity. To establish an agency for educational consecration derived from Ministry of Education, which sets the laws and regulations for those who want to contribute in educational consecration. Use modern consecration formulas aside with Islamic Fiqh Compounds, which suit the demands of modern age, and suit the regulations and laws of ministry of education, ministry of health, ministry of culture and media, so the charity people recognize the field they want.

espanolDiagnostico de condiciones para incorporar enfoque de genero en la formacion de periodistas egresados de la Universidad Austral de Chile. Se aplico estrategias cuantitativas y cualitativas para analisis de paridad de genero en referencias bibliograficas, accion pedagogica de docentes y ejercicio de aprendizaje de estudiantes. Existe la disposicion a capacitacion en temas de inequidad social, tambien una positiva identificacion de patrones culturales que dificultan avance en materias de equidad y motivacion por incorporar enfoque transversal de genero en la malla curricular. Se revisaron teorias sobre la construccion social de los roles de genero, investigaciones sobre practicas periodisticas que refuerzan estereotipos y como repercuten en la opinion publica y la formacion de periodistas. EnglishDiagnosis of the conditions to incorporate gender perspective in the training of journalists graduated from the Universidad Austral de Chile. Aspects of its study plan were analyzed, such as gender parity in the bibliographical references of the subjects, the pedagogical action of teachers and the learning process by students. It was acknowledged that there is a willingness for training in gender issues and social equity, also that there is a positive identification of cultural patterns that limit progress in gender equity issues and encouragement to include a transversal approach of the gender perspective in the curriculum. This was based on theories about the social construction of gender roles, research on journalistic practices that reinforce gender stereotypes and how these affect public opinion and the academic formation of journalists.

El objetivo de la presente investigación, fue evaluar las habilidades escritas que sirva de base para la elaboración de una estrategia que permita su desarrollo. Para ello se identificó las dimensiones de estructura, contenidos, escritura y uso de recursos. Las dimensiones fueron evaluadas a través de una rúbrica mediante la aplicación de un conjunto de actividades contempladas en plan de estudio y desarrolladas mediante un cronograma. La investigación fue descriptiva estadística, de campo y bibliográfica. La muestra fue intencional y estuvo constituida por 32 estudiantes de primer nivel de la Facultad de Administración de Empresas de la Escuela Superior de Chimborazo entre hombres y mujeres. Los estudiantes presentaban similares características, ya que cursan la asignatura y tienen los mimos recursos en el proceso de aprendizaje del idioma inglés. El instrumento aplicado para la obtención de los datos fue elaborado, revisado y aprobado por expertos en el área. Los resultados obtenidos fueron filtrados, tabulados, analizados e interpretados a través de tablas y gráficos. Lo que permitió establecer que los estudiantes presentan problemas en la habilidad de la escritura, pues los componentes evaluados de estructura, contenidos, escritura y uso de recursos necesitan ser atendidos mediante una estrategia para su desarrollo.

Attitude towards English as a foreign language is a new field of study in tertiary education in Latin-American countries, especially in Chile. However, its importance in the process of learning a language has been reported upon around the world. The aim of the current study was to identify the attitudes towards English as a foreign language of 131 university students from different educational institutions in Chile; the students’ programs included English courses as part of their study plan. The three components of attitude were analyzed by means of the participants’ replies to the statements of a questionnaire. Results gave evidence that university students hold a positive attitude towards English as a foreign language; nonetheless, the behavioral aspect of attitude obtained the lowest average of agreement among the respondents. Resumen La actitud hacia el inglés como lengua extranjera es un nuevo campo de estudio en la educación universitaria en los países latinoamericanos, especialmente en Chile. Sin embargo, su relevancia en el proceso de aprendizaje de una lengua se ha investigado alrededor del mundo. El presente estudio busca identificar las actitudes hacia el inglés como lengua extranjera de 131 estudiantes universitarios de diferentes instituciones educativas del sur de Chile, cuyas carreras de pregrado incluyen cursos de inglés como parte de su plan de formación. Se analizaron los tres componentes de la actitud por medio de las respuestas de los participantes. Los resultados evidenciaron que los estudiantes tienen una actitud positiva hacia el inglés como lengua extranjera, especialmente en el dominio cognitivo; no obstante, el aspecto conductual obtuvo el promedio más bajo entre los encuestados.

The present study is an attempt to benefit from translation in language learning in general and learning phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions in specific. Its importance lies in its creative employment of translation in facilitating the difficulties of learning specific language issues such as phrasal verbs, idiomatic expressions, jargon…etc. The researcher observes the difficulty that faces English language learners and trainees in mastering certain language issues such as phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions for students. The difficulty of studying phrasal verbs lies in their being similar, confusing and their being difficult to remember. Moreover, students misuse them because they have no chance or allocated time in their study plan to study and practice them perfectly. On the other hand, the difficulty of studying idiomatic expressions lies in their being closely related to a cultural background. Therefore, they require idiomatic translation that helps to remember better as it relates them to culture in a functional or cultural way.

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد المستويات المعيارية التي ينبغي الانطلاق منها في بناء برامج تعليم وتعلم العلوم الشرعية وخططها الدراسية في الجامعات السعودية، ومن ثم في عمليتي التدريس والتقويم، ثم تقديم تصور مقترح لتطوير هذه البرامج في ضوء المستويات المعيارية التي تم التوصل إليها. ومن أجل تحقيق هذا الهدف استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي للإجابة على تساؤلات البحث، وقد اعتمد استبانة أعدها لهذا الهدف. وتمثلت عينة البحث في عدد من المتخصصين في العلوم الشرعية من أعضاء هيئة التدريس بکليات التربية وکليات الدراسات الإسلامية والشريعة، وقد بلغ إجمالي عددها (٦٠) فردا. وتوصل البحث إلى قائمة بالمستويات المعيارية التي ينبغي تبنيها في الخطة التدريسية وعمليات التدريس والتقويم في برامج العلوم الشرعية. وبناء عليه قدم البحث تصورا مقترحا لما ينبغي أن تکون عليه برامج العلوم الشرعية في الجامعات السعودية بهدف رفع کفاءة المخرجات. وأکد على ضرورة مراجعة برامج تعليم العلوم الشرعية، وتبني مدخل المعايير والمستويات المعيارية في إصلاح تلک البرامج، والأخذ بقائمة المستويات المعيارية وبالتصور المقترح في الدراسة، وأخيرا تم تقديم عدد من المقترحات البحثية، لفتح الباب أمام الباحثين لإکمال المسيرة في هذا الاتجاه. The study aimed to identify the standard levels that should be taken for Islamic sciences’ study plan, teaching, and evaluation. And then provide a proposed concept for the development of these programs in the light of standard levels. In order to achieve this goal, the study used a descriptive approach to answer the study questions, and adopted a questionnaire prepared for this goal. The study sample consisted a number of Islamic Sciences’ faculty members, the total number was (60) individuals. The study has reached a list of standard levels that should be adopted for Islamic sciences’ study plan, teaching, and evaluation. Accordingly, the study presented a proposed concept to raise the efficiency of these programs’ outputs. The study recommended the need to review Islamic Sciences programs, and the adoption of the approach of standards levels to reform these programs, and finally a number of research proposals were presented, to open the door for researchers to complete this direction.

Predicting the academic results and preparing the study plan are crucial concerns for students to improve their academic performance. The existing literature mainly focused to predict the academic results and how best the teacher can design a specific course for improving the student’s academic performance. However, the process of recommending study plan for a specific student based on his/her predicted results is not well investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study is to propose artificial intelligence (AI)-based models to predict the academic results and recommend study plan accordingly to improve the student’s performance. As outcomes, this study proposed two models based on sophisticated deep learning algorithms and artificial neural networks namely, result prediction and recommending study planner. The proposed result prediction and study-planner models showed the accuracy of 97.02% and 99.8%, respectively, on training datasets, and also 92.94% and 87.65%, respectively, on test datasets. A Web-based system for predicting results and recommending study plan is also developed based on the proposed models.

Resumen Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la relación y el comportamiento entre el rendimiento que obtienen los estudiantes al final de los cursos y las modalidades de enseñanza que aplican los docentes, teniendo en cuenta que el rendimiento es considerado principal indicador de resultado del aprendizaje y referencia para evaluar la calidad de enseñanza y los logros académicos y por ser las modalidades de enseñanza un factor interno que puede incidir en el aprendizaje. Se colectaron los resultados obtenidos por los estudiantes al finalizar los cursos de 1° a 4° año y las modalidades de enseñanza más utilizadas por los docentes. Se determinó la relación que existe entre ambas variables y cómo estas se comportan en los diferentes años. Los resultados indicaron que hay una correlación de dependencia entre el rendimiento y las modalidades de enseñanza. Los estudiantes obtienen mejores rendimientos con las modalidades teóricas, las cuales predominan en casi todos los cursos y a medida que avanzan en la carrera. Abstract This work was carried out with the objective of determining the relationship and behavior between the performance obtained by students at the end of the courses and the teaching modalities applied by professors, taking into account that performance is considered the main indicator of learning outcomes. and reference to evaluate the quality of teaching and academic achievement and because the teaching modalities are an internal factor that can affect learning. The results obtained by the students at the end of the courses from 1st to 4th year and the teaching modalities most used by the teachers were collected. The relationship between both variables and how they behave in different years was determined. The results indicated that there is a dependency relationship between performance and teaching modalities. Students obtain better performance with the theoretical modalities, which predominate in almost all the courses and as they advance in the career.

هدفت الدراسة إلى تقییم برنامج بکالوریوس التربیة الخاصة بجامعة تبوک من وجهة نظر الطلاب المعلمین واکتشاف الفروق طبقا للجنس، ومعدلاتهم التراکمیة، والتخصص التابعین له، وقد تم استخدام المنهج الوصفی حیث طبقت الباحثة مقیاس تقییم برنامج بکالوریوس التربیة الخاصة على طلاب و طالبات قسم التربیة الخاصة المتوقع تخرجهم هذا العام ( 126 طالب، وطالبة بالمستوى السابع والثامن) وقد أظهرت النتائج أن أهمیة مواد الخطة الدراسیة لتخصص بکالوریوس التربیة الخاصة فی جامعة تبوک للعمل من وجهة نظر الطلبة الخریجین جاءت بدرجة متوسطة الأهمیة، وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائیة عند مستوى دلالة 0.01 بین الطلاب والطالبات لتقییمهم البرنامج وهذه الفروق لصالح الطالبات، عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائیة فی أبعاد مقیاس تقییم برنامج بکالوریوس التربیة الخاصة ترجع لمتغیر تخصص الطالب المعلم بقسم التربیة الخاصة، وجود علاقة دالة وموجبة بین معدل الطلاب وبین تقییمهم لبرنامج التربیة الخاصة . Abstract: An evaluation of the Bachelor of Special Education program from the perspective of the student teacher at Tabuk University The study aimed to evaluate the Bachelor of Education program at Tabuk University from the point of view of the teacher students and to discover the differences according to the sex, their cumulative rates and the specialization. The descriptive approach was applied. The researcher applied the evaluation scale of the special education program to students and students of the special education department expected to graduate This year (126 students, and the seventh and eighth level) The results showed that the importance of the subjects of the study plan for the specialization of the Bachelor of Special Education in the University of Tabuk to work from the point of view of the graduate students came in a medium degree of importance. There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance of 0.01 among the students for their evaluation of the program and these differences for the benefit of the students, Statistics in the dimensions of the evaluation scale of the Bachelor of Special Education program due to the variable specialization of the student teacher in the Department of Special Education, the existence of a positive and positive relationship between the rate of students and their evaluation of the program of special education.

espanolCompartir la experiencia como participante en la gestion y asesoramiento para la elaboracion de un plan de estudio y secuencias didacticas como parte de un proyecto en el que se inmiscuye el enfoque de competencias en la Universidad Autonoma de Guerrero (UAGro) implica hacer referencia al trabajo practico que se realizo con profesores de algunas facultades de programas de nivel licenciatura en dicha Universidad. La actividad implico dar a conocer el procedimiento para gestionar la reestructuracion de un curriculo bajo el enfoque de competencias, el asesoramiento, se capacito a docentes a traves de cursos-talleres para la elaboracion del plan de estudio y la secuencia didactica bajo el enfoque antes dicho. Los resultados son satisfactorios, estos, se reflejaron en el interes de docentes y directivos por actualizar sus planes de estudio, programas y secuencias por este metodo, ello, se constato en eventos, talleres y asesorias academicas realizadas. Las evaluaciones permitieron tambien conocer el porcentaje de planes de estudios transformados en anos diferentes., Aparicio et al., (2015), manifestaron que hasta el 2015 ya se habian transformado 56 planes de estudio de un total de 71, lo que representaba EnglishSharing the experience as a participant in the management and advice for the development of a study plan and teaching sequences as part of a project in which the competencies approach is immersed in the Autonomous University of Guerrero (UAGro) involves making reference to practical work that was carried out with professors of some faculties of degree programs at the University. The activity involved disclosing the procedure to manage the restructuring of a curriculum under the competencies approach, as well as counseling, teachers were trained through courses-workshops for the preparation of the study plan and the didactic sequence under the focus before said. The results are satisfactory, were reflected in the interest of teachers and managers to update their curricula, programs and sequences by this method, this was found in events, workshops and academic advising. The evaluations also allowed knowing the percentage of study plans transformed in different years. Aparicio et al., (2015), stated that until 2015, 56 study plans had been transformed from a total of 71, which represented 79% and 1377 teachers had been counseled (Beltran et al., 2015). The Autonomous University of Guerrero (UAGro) initiated the updating of curricula under the competencies approach from the reform process initiated in 2000. This process led to a deep reflection on the development of the various activities that are carried out out at the institution. However, in this same year, some changes were already contemplated that would help improve the university's tasks. Some official documents of the university corroborate this institutional decision, such is the case of "The Urgent Transformation of the UAG", prepared by the General Commission for University Reform (CGRU). Having plans of study and, consequently, with programs of learning units and didactic sequences, were part of that transformation. The didactic planning is fundamental in the work of the teacher, a competent teacher, must have the capacity to elaborate plans and programs of study and didactic sequences.

This article looks at two previous study reports on postgraduate supervision, views, and experiential as well as academic advice from other scholars. It presents the various perspectives on the central phenomenon relationship between the supervisor and the doctoral student at the initial stages of the PhD programme, arguments, suggestions and insights into the nature and substance of PhD supervision, early articulation of expectations and clarifying them; commitment to establishment of clear goals; and developing a study plan and time-table that are consistent with work. It also explores knowledge and a warm, supportive relationship; planning from the beginning, including research mapping and concept charting; proper time-management; and internalising the criteria for examination of a PhD thesis, capacity to relate the research topic to the discipline; encouraging the use of writing as a voyage of discovery. It argues that all these are vital to sustaining the momentum and completion of a PhD by research. It concludes that postgraduate supervision requires that supervisors and doctoral students by research clarify and discuss their expectations at the beginning and on a continuous and regular basis; that differences in perception or procedure can present the supervisor and the student with debilitating challenges that can impede progress and eventually fail to get the coveted PhD.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación orientada a evaluar el programa de Maestría en Innovación Educativa de la Universidad de Sonora desde la perspectiva de sus egresados. El documento conforma uno de los varios insumos solicitados por el Programa Nacional de Posgrado de Calidad del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología con el fin de reconocer la calidad en la formación de estudiantes de posgrados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar la pertinencia del plan de estudio, monitorear la trayectoria académica y laboral de los egresados, e identificar áreas de oportunidad para mejorar el programa mediante adecuaciones curriculares y organizativas. Los datos fueron recabados mediante una encuesta electrónica aplicada a tres generaciones de egresados. Los resultados obtenidos indican satisfacción de los egresados, así como la pertinencia en prácticas, planta docente, contenidos, sistemas de enseñanza, tutorías e infraestructura. El impacto del programa se constata en la inserción laboral de los egresados y en su continuidad en estudios doctorales.

الفرق بین تنقیح المناط وتخریج المناط دراسة أصولیة د/ تهانی عبد العزیز المشعل أستاذ مساعد /قسم الدراسات الإسلامیة کلیة التربیة / جامعة الملک سعود talmeshaal@ksu. edu. sa ملخص البحث یتناول هذا البحث الفرق بین تنقیح المناط وتخریجه، وهما من أنواع الاجتهاد فی العلة، والتی تعد من أهم موضوعات علم أصول الفقه الإسلامی، وقد رکزت هذه الدراسة على إیضاح مفاهیم هذه المصطلحات، والفرق بینهما مع المقارنة بما یقاربها من مصطلحات، وقد خرج الباحث بنتائج مهمة تتمثل فی بیان الفرق بین تنقیح المناط وتخریج المناط، من حیث العلة، وحجیتهما، وعمل المجتهد فیهما، ومن حیث رتبتهما وترتیب العمل بهما، وقد جاءت الدراسة فی مقدمة وأربعة مباحث وخاتمة. الکلمات الدالة: الاجتهاد فی العلة - تنقیح– تخریج - المناط - أصول الفقه. The difference between Revision and Reasoning of Al-Manat (Suspension) fundamental study Dr. Tahani Abdulaziz Almeshaal Assistant Professor, Islamic Studies Department Faculty of Education, King Saud University talmeshaal@ksu.edu.sa Abstract: This study examines the difference between Revision and Reasoning of Al-Manat (Suspension). Both are kinds of Reasoning of the effective cause, which are considered to be one of the most crucial topics of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence. This study focuses on clarifying the concepts and differences between the above-indicated idioms in comparison with similar idioms. The researcher concluded the following results: clarification of the difference between Revision and Reasoning of Al-Manat (Suspension) in terms of the cause and supremacy, the reasoning of the scholar and ranks and order of reasoning. The study plan consist of an introduction, four topics and a conclusion. Keywords: Reasoning of the effective cause, revision, Reasoning, Al-Manat (Suspension), principles of jurisprudence.

The improvement of skills in engineering and science teaching are essential factors to strengthen and support the research and the processes development. It is also clear that engineering and science applications are strongly related to instrumentation and measurement systems, as well as the resources and requirements applied. Considering the relevance of the science of measurement in engineering applications, this article presents an approach for further developments in engineering education, where new lines are pointed out. The discussion is structured around the study plan and its scientific syllabuses of the master's degrees offered in Portuguese universities. The commonality of subjects that emerged from metrology and engineering practices tied to employability skills required from graduates and postgraduates of engineering degrees is presented. It is also explained the support given by the literature and by the professional experience from professors and metrologists are fundamental elements that may be considered.

En la investigación se presenta el análisis de datos sobre el tratamiento a los temas de los documentos recepcionales de los estudiantes de la generación 2015-2019 de la Licenciatura en Educación Física, Plan de Estudios 2002, de la Escuela Normal de Educación Física “General Ignacio M. Beteta”, con la intención de conocer en qué centran su atención al elegir los temas, si éstos emanan de la realidad, qué estrategias se emplean y su conveniencia, en qué ámbitos ubican sus temas, en qué contenidos curriculares se apoyan y su congruencia con el tema, así como el grado de satisfacción que tienen los estudiantes de la formación que recibieron, el desarrollo de la investigación se orientó bajo la metodología de análisis del contenido.

Background: This article aims to discuss and investigate forms of pedagogical knowledge of mathematicsinstructors and influence of their educational beliefs on their students during Coronavirus disease whereprogress in learning is typically influenced by self-confidence and anxiety.Materials and Methods:A study survey was carried out to find out the extent of anxiety and self-efficiencystudents have before and during mathematics exams in distance learning.Results: Out of 252 students, 88% are females and 12% are males, majority of students of the secondlevel from different faculties filled the survey. The study reveals student’s responses to the levels of thevariables where confident is of ‘always’ attitude with mean 2.3714 (SD=.37764). On the other side, anxietyis of ‘sometimes’ attitude with mean 1.8595(SD=0.4196). Those results are good and indicates that no bigproblems in mathematics either inside or outside university faced by sample we dealt with, this result refersto the simplicity and good characteristics of instructors of the university. Moreover, lots of programs thathelp in understanding basics and advanced mathematics.Conclusion: Successful pedagogies instructors of mathematic used give the best explanation of results wehave got in this study especially in distance learning. Detailed study plan that clarifies the course objectives,topics, evaluation method, books and resources must be given to students.

[EN] Current legislation establishes the profession of Technical Architect as a regulated profession that requires an official Bachelor's Degree obtained in accordance with article 12.9 of Royal Decree 1393/2007, in accordance with the conditions established in the Agreement of the Council of Ministers of 14 December 2007. This Agreement entrusts the Minister of Education and Science with the establishment of the requirements regarding the planning of the courses. ORDER ECI/3855/2007, of 27 December 2007, establishes the requirements for the verification of the official university degrees that enable the exercise of the profession of Technical Architect. The ORDEN ECI establishes that the syllabuses will have a duration of 240 European credits containing at least a basic training module of 60 credits, a specific training module of 108 credits and a final degree project of 12 credits. The Conference of Directors of University Centres that offer degrees in the field of technical architecture and building has worked to reach a consensus on the subjects subject matter subject to the recognition of the 108 credits of specific training that allow for the Convergence of the Degree Degrees of the different Universities., [ES] La legislación vigente conforma la profesión de Arquitecto Técnico como profesión regulada cuyo ejercicio requiere estar en posesión de correspondiente título oficial de Grado obtenido, en este caso, de acuerdo con lo previsto en el artículo 12.9 del referido Real Decreto 1393/2007, conforme a las condiciones establecidas en el Acuerdo de Consejo de Ministros de 14 de diciembre de 2007, publicado en el Boletín Oficial del Estado de 21 de diciembre de 2007. Dicho Acuerdo, en su apartado cuarto, encomienda al Ministro de Educación y Ciencia el establecimiento de los requisitos respecto a la planificación de las enseñanzas. Siendo la ORDEN ECI/3855/2007, de 27 de diciembre, la que se establece los requisitos para la verificación de los títulos universitarios oficiales que habiliten para el ejercicio de la profesión de Arquitecto Técnico. Dicha ORDEN ECI establece en su Apartado 5 sobre la Planificación de las enseñanzas que los planes de estudios tendrán una duración de 240 créditos europeos conteniendo como mínimo un módulo de formación básica de 60 créditos, uno de formación específica de 108 créditos y uno de proyecto fin de grado de 12 créditos. Desde la Conferencia de directores y directoras de centros universitarios que imparten titulaciones del ámbito de la arquitectura técnica y la edificación (CODATIE), se ha trabajado para consensuar las asignaturas sujetas al reconocimiento de los 108 créditos de formación específica que permiten la Convergencia de los Títulos de Grado de las distintas Universidades.

As more students are required to have standardized test scores to enter higher education, developing vocabulary becomes essential for achieving ideal scores. Each individual has his or her own study style that maximizes the efficiency, and there are various approaches to memorize. However, it is difficult to find a specific learning method that fits the best to a person. This paper designs a tool to customize personal study plans based on clients’ different habits including difficulty distribution, difficulty order of learning words, and the types of vocabulary. We applied our application to educational software and conducted a quantitative evaluation of the approach via three types of machine learning models. By calculating cross-validation scores, we evaluated the accuracy of each model and discovered the best model that returns the most accurate predictions. The results reveal that linear regression has the highest cross validation score, and it can provide the most efficient personal study plans.

Los argumentos que aquí se exponen son resultado de una investigación que tuvo el objetivo de documentar cartográficamente los trayectos que toma el formador de docentes ante las exigencias educativas de desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en sus alumnos. La investigación se llevó a cabo a partir de un estudio de caso en una escuela normal del sur del Estado de México. Como parte de los resultados, destacan tres trayectos que forman parte de toda una cartografía del ser y hacer docente. El primero da cuenta de docentes normados bajo estratos duros, quienes adecúan cada plan de estudios a su forma de ser porque tienen posturas arraigadas de su labor docente. El segundo muestra la oscilación entre el interés del docente en la posibilidad de transformar su práctica de acuerdo con las exigencias de un plan de estudio y el retorno al estrato duro, circunstancias que lo llevan a debatirse entre la lógica de una costumbre arraigada y la posibilidad de romper con ella. Por último, el tercer trayecto da cuenta de la capacidad de agencia que tiene el docente y, en ese sentido, la facultad de romper esquemas conceptuales para dar apertura a nuevas formas de organización del aprendizaje de sus alumnos y provocar el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico.

La expectativa del estudiante universitario es formarse profesionalmente para insertarse en el campo laboral y mostrar un desempeño óptimo. Para ello, debe evidenciar el logro del perfil de egreso en el grado que oferta la universidad, según su modelo educativo. La cuestión es cómo se desarrollan y se evalúan las competencias declaradas en el perfil de egreso, cuáles son los mecanismos de aseguramiento del avance y logro que satisfagan las expectativas del estudiante, de los empleadores y de la sociedad. Por esta razón el objetivo fue analizar las principales tendencias y desafíos respecto a la evaluación del logro del perfil de egreso en los grados universitarios. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo e interpretativo con base en el metaanálisis documental de 21 publicaciones ubicadas en Google Académico, Scielo, Dialnet, Fuente Académica Plus y Ebsco. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: artículos científicos que presentaran experiencias de evaluación del logro del perfil de egreso, grados o titulaciones universitarias diversas, publicados entre 2009 y 2019. Se identificaron cinco tendencias de evaluación del logro del perfil de egreso: a) coherencia entre plan de estudios e instrumentos de evaluación de asignaturas con el perfil de egreso; b) al final de los estudios universitarios; c) progresiva durante la formación; d) progresiva y al final de los estudios, y e) evaluación por egresados y empleadores. Conjuntamente muestran significativos aportes en cuanto a estrategias, instrumentos, actores involucrados y resultados que abren perspectivas de investigación y desarrollo. Se concluye que existe la necesidad de implementar un sistema progresivo, integral y participativo de evaluación del logro del perfil de egreso en los grados universitarios, basado en el conocimiento, la experiencia previa y los desafíos planteados a la universidad.

espanolEn este articulo se expone el abordaje del proceso de institucionalizacion de la ensenanza de Archivologia en la Universidad de la Republica (UDELAR). Refleja una investigacion desarrollada en el campo de la archivologia historica, enmarcada en la Maestria de Ensenanza Universitaria de la UDELAR. La arquitectura de este trabajo fue pensada a partir de tres ideas rectoras. En primer lugar, que la creacion de la carrera fue una aspiracion largamente acariciada por la Escuela de Bibliotecologia y Ciencias Afines (EUBCA). En segundo lugar, que el cambio de Plan de Estudios concretado en 1987, fue expresion de un genuino progreso en la formulacion institucional de la carrera, pero no anulador del proceso de institucionalizacion de la carrera iniciado en el ano 1982. Por ultimo, que los docentes que trabajaron en el diseno curricular original y que asumieron su implementacion en 1983, fueron la mejor alternativa en aquella hora inaugural EnglishThis article exposes the approach in the process of institutionalization of the archivology teaching at Universidad de la Republica (UDELAR). It reflects the investigation develop ed in the field of historic archivology framed in the field of Mastery of University Teaching at UDELAR. The design of this piece of work was thought out of three leading ideas. In first place the career creation was long cherished aspiration of the EUBCA. Secondly, the changes in the study plan, materialized in 1987, was the expression of genuine progress of the career’s institutional formulation, however it was not nullifier of the process of institutionalization of the started career in 1982. Finally those teachers who worked on the original curricular design and assumed its implementation in 1983, were the best alternative at that starting time

To analyse the differences in the quality of the basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) between the algorithms of compressions with rescue ventilation (CPR [30:2]) and chest compressions only (CPR [C/O]). In addition, the specific objective was to study the effectiveness of the physical manoeuvre of mouth-to-mouth ventilations performed by nursing students after the completion of a simulation training program in Basic Life Support (BLS) standardized in the study plan approved for the Nursing Degree at a Spanish university.analytical, quasi-experimental, cross-sectional study with clinical simulation of 114 students enrolled in the third year of the Nursing Degree.the mean depth of chest compressions was 47.6 mm (SD 9.5) for CPR [30:2] and 45 mm (SD 8.8) when CPR [C/O] was performed (t = 5.39, p 0.0001, CI95% 1.69-3.65). The compressions with complete chest re-expansion were 106 (SD 55) for CPR [30:2] and 138 (SD 85) for CPR [C/O] [t = -4.75, p 0.0001, CI95% -44.6 - (-18.4)]. Of the participants, 28.1% correctly ventilated with the head-tilt/chin-lift manoeuvre (Fisher: p 0.0001).As a whole, CPR with only chest compressions offers great advantages with respect to standard CPR, minimizing interruptions in compressions, maintaining coronary and cerebral perfusion and thus increasing the likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation. The problem of rescuers fatigue could be reduced with a greater number of relays between rescuers. We believe that is important to improve the acquisition of competencies in the management of the airway and the ventilation devices (such as the bag-valve mask).

Undergraduate and graduate education research has stratified study strategies from low-utility to high-utility with respect to durable learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of these evidence-based learning strategies among surgery residents in preparation for the American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE).A 23-item survey was administered during individual interviews. It assessed whether they had a study plan, and the average length and frequency of their independent study, both during the year and the month prior to the ABSITE. Data were also collected on their primary resources and study strategies. Residents rated their usage of those strategies based on a 5-point Likert scale.Maine Medical Center, an academic tertiary care center located in Portland, ME.All residents in the Department of Surgery.Residents (n= 23) intensified their preparation for the ABSITE in the month prior to the exam compared to the remainder of the year, adopting study plans (87% vs 61%, p = 0.53) and increasing the time spent studying (median, 420 vs 120 minutes per week, p0.001). Primary resources used were textbooks (65%), ABSITE review books (26%) and online question banks (9%). All residents (100%) often or always used testing, but fewer residents often or always used spacing (24%), both considered high-utility strategies. Most residents (60%) often or always used highlighting, considered a low-utility strategy. There were no relationships between study strategies and ABSITE scores.All residents use self-testing as a study strategy. Most underuse spacing and overuse highlighting. Further research is needed to establish the relationship between these study strategies and ABSITE scores.

The article discusses the satisfaction assessment of students towards the e-Learning course "The introduction to the teaching career"- an e-Learning method (e-Learning course), which is being encouraged to develop in Vietnam. The results of the student satisfaction survey focused on the criteria such as the program and study plan; learning method and activity; lecturers - teaching assistants, test - assessment, preparation - class organization, the attractiveness of the course, the appropriateness of the course and the prospects of parallel development with traditional courses or alternative perspectives. The results show that students are satisfied and very satisfied with this course, which opens the prospect of building and developing similar courses in Vietnam.

In this article, he gives an account of the results of the analysis of the formation of research skills in the students of the Technological Institute of Professional, Administrative and Commercial Training, approaching from the teaching-learning process towards the research development of said students, which contributes to develop in they the skills that allow them to appropriate, interpret and understand the society in which they live. That is why a work implicitly integrated into the Study Plan is conceived, with interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary activities carried out by teachers during the passage of students through the institution as part of the teaching-learning process.