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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jpc-10.1177_21501319231175369 for Characterization of the COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Patients With Chronic Diseases in a Large University-based Family Medicine Clinical Practice by Niharika Khanna, Elena Klyushnenkova, Min Zhan, Dae Hyoun Jeong, Colleen Kernan and David Stewart in Journal of Primary Care & Community Health

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jpc-10.1177_21501319231175369 for Characterization of the COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Patients With Chronic Diseases in a Large University-based Family Medicine Clinical Practice by Niharika Khanna, Elena Klyushnenkova, Min Zhan, Dae Hyoun Jeong, Colleen Kernan and David Stewart in Journal of Primary Care & Community Health

Researchers and legislators alike continue the search for methods of drawing fair districting plans. A districting plan is a partition of a state's subdivisions (e.g. counties, voting precincts, etc.). By modeling these districting plans as graphs, they are easier to create, store, and operate on. Since graph partitioning with balancing populations is a computationally intractable (NP-hard) problem most attempts to solve them use heuristic methods. In this paper, we present a variant on the $k$-medoids algorithm where, given a set of initial medoids, we find a partition of the graph's vertices to admit a districting plan. We first use the $k$-medoids process to find an initial districting plan, then use local search strategies to fine-tune the results, such as reducing population imbalances between districts. We also experiment with coarsening the graph to work with fewer vertices. The algorithm is tested on Iowa and Florida using 2010 census data to evaluate the effectiveness., Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, and 6 tables

Understanding gluon density distributions and how they are modified in nuclei are among the most important goals in nuclear physics. In recent years, diffractive vector meson production measured in ultra-peripheral collisions (UPCs) at heavy-ion colliders has provided a new tool for probing the gluon density. In this Letter, we report the first measurement of $J/\psi$ photoproduction off the deuteron in UPCs at the center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}=200~\rm GeV$ in d$+$Au collisions. The differential cross section as a function of momentum transfer $-t$ is measured. In addition, data with a neutron tagged in the deuteron-going Zero-Degree Calorimeter is investigated for the first time, which is found to be consistent with the expectation of incoherent diffractive scattering at low momentum transfer. Theoretical predictions based on the Color Glass Condensate saturation model and the gluon shadowing model are compared with the data quantitatively. A better agreement with the saturation model has been observed. With the current measurement, the results are found to be directly sensitive to the gluon density distribution of the deuteron and the deuteron breakup, which provides insights into the nuclear gluonic structure., Comment: Final published version Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 122303

A critical decision in transnational commercial deals involves determining where any disputes that arise will be resolved. This chapter reviews and assesses the relative merits of the alternatives, including litigation in domestic courts (with differing national approaches to jurisdiction) or in the relatively new international commercial courts, in international commercial arbitration, in investor-state dispute settlement fora, or in international mediation. It addresses the nature, function, and enforceability of contractual forum selection clauses (including under the 2005 Hague Choice of Court Convention), the problems of parallel proceedings in competing national jurisdictions, and the special challenges of litigating against foreign states and their entities in U.S. courts under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act.

In many situations, parties to an international litigation must rely upon and introduce in court proceedings public documents (such as certificates of incorporation; birth, death, or marriage records; deeds and transfers of property; business licenses) and business records (bills of sale, trademark applications, assignments of patent, etc.) from a foreign jurisdiction. Typically, such documents must be formally authenticated or certified before they can be accepted by the court. Because the relevant requirements and procedures frequently differ sharply from one country to another, the international practitioner is often challenged to determine exactly which procedure to follow in preparing documents from abroad for use in a legal proceeding. This chapter describes the differing approaches under national law for the formal authentication or certification of documents from one national jurisdiction so they can be recognized and accepted in another. It outlines the problems with “chain legalization” and the requirements and benefits of the Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents (the Apostille Convention).

The first edition of Bruno Ristau’s International Judicial Assistance in Civil and Commercial Matters was published in two volumes in 1984; its fourth (and final) edition was published in six volumes in 2000. Since then, the field of international civil and commercial litigation has continued to expand. An abundance of new material (including new treaties, conventions, norms, and principles) and the growing complexity of the field of transnational civil and commercial litigation justify an updated and reoriented version of Ristau’s volumes, providing an overview of this increasingly relevant yet still complex field. Chapter One summarizes the following seven chapters and emphasizes that the book is intended to serve as a practitioner’s guide to the major issues in international litigation, rather than an exhaustive compendium of national laws or judicial decisions, which we have included for context and as representative examples. The book surveys and discusses the major issues practitioners are likely to encounter, with particular emphasis on the most significant judicial assistance tools, international treaties, conventions, and instruments relevant to cross-border litigation.

Parties to international transactions may choose the law they want to govern certain aspects of their deal, including both the dispute resolution clause and the substantive provisions of their contract. The parties’ choice of law is a consequential but often particularly difficult aspect of cross-border transactions, particularly because the rules of enforceability of such clauses differ from one jurisdiction to another, and thus the parties’ choice may or may not be honored by a domestic court or other tribunal ultimately faced with the question. Moreover, no single agreed international approach or practice exists, much less any explicit rule or agreement, to guide a determination by a domestic court faced with deciding the validity of the parties’ choice or, in the absence of such a choice, under its “conflicts of law” rules. This chapter reviews differing domestic approaches in this area of “private international law,” the existing regional rules (e.g., within the EU and the Inter-American system), and the various emerging “soft law” instruments on “party autonomy.” We describe the U.S. rules on choice of law and conflict of laws in some detail because they are both complicated and often unfamiliar to foreign counsel.

Transnational discovery—the process of obtaining evidence in one country for use in legal proceedings in another—is increasingly important in contemporary international civil and commercial litigation. It is particularly challenging because different national rules exist both as to what information can be obtained and how, and by whom, it can be acquired. This chapter reviews a range of practical and legal challenges that practitioners may face when taking evidence in one national jurisdiction for use in another. It surveys existing multilateral instruments on the subject, in particular the Hague Convention on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters, the Inter-American Convention on Taking Evidence Abroad and its Additional Protocol, and EU Regulation No. 1206/2001. It also describes in some detail relevant U.S. rules and concludes by summarizing some of the growing challenges presented by the taking of electronic or digital evidence located within one country for use in another.

Today’s legal practitioners who deal with cross-border disputes in civil and commercial matters work in an increasingly complex transnational legal environment. This book provides up-to-date background, explanations, and practical guidance on how to deal with the most important challenges and recent developments in the field, including choice of forum, choice of law, service of process, proof of foreign law, taking of evidence, and enforcement of judgments. A major focus is on the mechanisms for international judicial assistance, in particular those provided by regional and international arrangements such as the Hague Conventions on service, evidence, Apostilles, choice-of-court agreements and the enforcement of judgments, as well as the regional arrangements within the OAS and the EU. The book builds on Bruno Ristau’s classic multi-volume work International Judicial Assistance, updating its discussions of service of process and the taking of evidence, supplementing comparative background material, and adding several chapters to cover a more complete span of litigation topics and provide the practical guidance today’s practitioners need to navigate the field of international civil litigation.

Whether a judicial judgment rendered in one country will be recognized and enforced by the courts of other countries (especially where the judgment debtor might have assets) is a critical question in international litigation. Traditionally, national legal systems have not accepted any binding obligation to recognize or enforce judgments rendered by the courts of other countries. That reality has long posed problems for successful litigants that obtain a judgment against a defendants whose assets are located in a different country. Increasingly, however, states are entering into bilateral arrangements with trusted states and trading partners for this purpose, and in 2019 the Hague Conference concluded the first multilateral “judgments” convention with the potential to transform this area of international civil and commercial practice. This chapter provides an overview of that Convention and a summary of relevant U.S. law and foreign law on enforcement of civil and commercial judgments, as well as arbitral awards.

It is increasingly common today for questions concerning the applicability, content, and meaning of foreign and international law to arise at multiple points in the course of a single litigation. In the absence of any internationally agreed rules or procedures, the task of proving and applying foreign law in domestic proceedings can be challenging. Different legal systems take different approaches to the task of “proving” foreign and international law. This chapter reviews the few relevant international instruments as well as the U.S. rules, which have recently received attention from the U.S. Supreme Court and others.

This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.

Additional file 1 Supplementary Material.

Semi-inclusive charged jet spectra per trigger at STAR are presented binned by event activity (EA) as determined by the Beam Beam Counter (BBC) signal in the Au-going direction. The selected EA determination is motivated by correlations between the number of charged tracks in the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) ($|\eta, Comment: Proceedings for Quark Matter 2019 from Small Systems Parallel Session

In mammals, including humans, nearly all physiological processes are subject to daily oscillations that are governed by a circadian timing system with a complex hierarchical structure. The central pacemaker, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the ventral hypothalamus, is synchronized daily by photic cues transmitted from the retina to SCN neurons via the retinohypothalamic tract. In turn, the SCN must establish phase coherence between self-sustained and cell-autonomous oscillators present in most peripheral cell types. The synchronization signals (Zeitgebers) can be controlled more or less directly by the SCN. In mice and rats, feeding-fasting rhythms, which are driven by the SCN through rest-activity cycles, are the most potent Zeitgebers for the circadian oscillators of peripheral organs. Signaling through the glucocorticoid receptor and the serum response factor also participate in the phase entrainment of peripheral clocks, and these two pathways are controlled by the SCN independently of feeding-fasting rhythms. Body temperature rhythms, governed by the SCN directly and indirectly through rest-activity cycles, are perhaps the most surprising cues for peripheral oscillators. Although the molecular makeup of circadian oscillators is nearly identical in all cells, these oscillators are used for different purposes in the SCN and in peripheral organs.

The annexin superfamily is comprised of a range of Ca2+ dependent phospholipid binding proteins. Each of these proteins are metamorphic, which means that they possesses the capacity to dynamically and reversibly refold themselves into two or more stable conformations. Annexin A5 (ANXA5) has been linked with a variety of cellular functions including: endocytosis, Ca2+ transfer, anticoagulation, membrane repair and exocytosis. Although this protein has been characterised as having pH-dependent and Ca2+-dependent phosphatidylserine (PS) binding the full extent of these mechanisms are not understood. In this study the changes in ANXA5 conformation as it transitions through its binding states was investigated. Recombinant human ANXA5 was produced in E. coli and subjected to analysis by circular dichroism (CD) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). This revealed that the Ca2+ driven metamorphic refolding of ANXA5 involves minor adjustments of the protein to facilitate trimerisation upon PS binding. However, these experiments also revealed that ANXA5 at acidic conditions undergoes a significant change in conformation upon exposure to liposomes. When under these conditions ANXA5 was demonstrated to bind both PS-containing and PS-free liposomes independent of Ca2+. This indicates that ANXA5 membrane association at acidic conditions relies upon hydrophobic interactions. This variance between the Ca2+- and pH-dependent binding mechanisms is suggestive of alternate cellular localisation and function. Furthermore, this study also examined the mechanisms behind the Ca2+ channel activity of ANXA5. In particular, the necessity for ANXA5 trimerisation. This investigation demonstrated that Ca2+ flux could be readily induced, with a delayed onset, across PS-containing liposomes in the presence of nanomolar concentrations of ANXA5, but was lost when trimer formation was disrupted. Furthermore, this investigation also observed the formation of a transmembrane ANXA5 complex by changes in the rate of FRET across a membrane. Similar to the ANXA5-mediated Ca2+ flux this structure was lost upon the prevention of ANXA5 trimerisation, which suggests that the ANXA5 trimer is able to sufficiently alter the structure of the membrane to allow for the formation of a Ca2+ channel.

This paper is the result of a collaboration between the authors to review and validate the 2017-2018 reconstruction by Bunn and Nolden of Ferdinand von Hochstetter's 1859 terrestrial survey acrossthe North Island of New Zealand to reach the Pink and White Terraces, the Eighth Wonder of the Ancient World in New Zealand.&nbsp

This survey protocol provides standardized methods for monitoring smaller-bodied Río Yaqui fish species (beautiful shiner Cyprinella formosa, Yaqui chub Gila purpurae and Yaqui topminnow Poeciliopsis occidentalis sonoriensis) and the Mexican longfin dace Agosia sp. in streams located in and around San Bernardino and Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuges and El Coronado Ranch (West Turkey Creek, AZ). The beautiful shiner is federally listed as threatened, and both the Yaqui chub and Yaqui topminnow are federally listed as endangered (USFWS 1994). As it relates to the three Río Yaqui fish species, they are found nowhere else in the United States. Their status remains undefined in Mexico. Therefore it is critical to reliably estimate “true” abundance of these populations as a means to define their status, assaying trends through time, and evaluating the efficacy of protection and management efforts toward their recovery. Given that the beautiful shiner is found to be rare in streams, occurring in low numbers and not encountered annually, it will not be a focus of this survey. Additionally, the service also collects information on the Mexican longfin dace to share to the Arizona Game and Fish Department.

In 1971, Kac and Weisfeiler made two influential conjectures describing the dimensions of simple modules of a restricted Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. The first predicts the maximal dimension of simple $\mathfrak{g}$-modules and in this paper we apply the Lefschetz principle and classical techniques from Lie theory to prove this conjecture for all restricted Lie subalgebras of $\mathfrak{gl}_n(k)$ whenever $k$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p \gg n$. As a consequence we deduce that the conjecture holds for the the Lie algebra of a group scheme when specialised to an algebraically closed field of almost any characteristic. In the appendix to this paper, written by Akaki Tikaradze, a short proof of the first Kac--Weisfeiler conjecture is given for the Lie algebra of group scheme over a finitely generated ring $R \subseteq \mathbb{C}$, after base change to a field of large positive characteristic., Comment: 16 pages

Thin film solid state lithium-based batteries (TSSBs) are increasingly attractive for their intrinsic safety due to the use of a nonflammable solid electrolyte, cycling stability, and ability to be easily patterned in small form factors. However, existing methods for fabricating TSSBs are limited to planar geometries, which severely limits areal energy density when the electrodes are kept sufficiently thin to achieve high areal power. In order to circumvent this limitation, we report the first successful fabrication of fully conformal, 3D full cell TSSBs formed in micromachined silicon substrates with aspect ratios up to ~10 using atomic layer deposition (ALD) at low processing temperatures (at or below 250C) to deposit all active battery components. The cells utilize a prelithiated LiV$_2$O$_5$ cathode, a very thin (40 - 100 nm) LiPON-like lithium polyphosphazene (Li$_2$PO$_2$N) solid electrolyte, and a SnN$_x$ conversion anode, along with Ru and TiN current collectors. Planar all-ALD solid state cells deliver 37 {\mu}Ah/cm$^2${\mu}m normalized to the cathode thickness with only 0.02% per-cycle capacity loss for hundreds of cycles. Fabrication of full cells in 3D substrates increases the areal discharge capacity by up to a factor of 9.3x while simultaneously improving the rate performance, which corresponds well to trends identified by finite element simulations of the cathode film. This work shows that the exceptional conformality of ALD, combined with conventional semiconductor fabrication methods, provides an avenue for the successful realization of long-sought 3D TSSBs which provide power performance scaling in regimes inaccessible to planar form factor devices., Comment: 32 pages, 15 figures

This thesis intervenes in the longstanding debate concerning the late development of myth in ancient Egypt by testing the notion that a myth is essentially narrative, and by challenging the belief that during the Old Kingdom, narrative myth only existed in the oral sphere, if at all. It does so by investigating the appearance and use of the myth of Osiris in the Pyramid Texts. Focussing on the form that mythic thought took during the Old Kingdom, it examines how this was actualised in the royal mortuary literature. This thesis argues that the unhelpful divergence of scholarship on myth, conceptualising it as either narrative, following a sequential or coherent pattern, or non-narrative, as a network of associations and connections between gods, is a result of scholars’ adherence to narrow definitions of myth. The multifaceted nature of myth prevents the effective use of definitions to delineate its conceptual borers. Through a contextualising approach, this thesis looks beyond a definition as a primary analytical tool. This study has three major directions of investigation. The first is the collection, translation and analysis of the core material relating to the Osiris myth. The emphasis of this aspect of the study is on the relationships between deities, which comprise the building blocks of the mythic ideas in the Pyramid Texts. The second direction of this study involves the idea of the fluidity of the Egyptian pantheon; that different gods could undertake the same roles within the actions or events of the myth. This facet of the study will test the idea that before a canon was set, mythic ideas were fluid and subject to variation. The spatial and temporal patterns of distribution comprise the third course of analysis in this study, aimed at developing a deeper understanding of the interplay between text and monument. This thesis demonstrates that a low level of narrativity in the Pyramid Texts does not preclude the existence of a narrative mythic structure. Variability is shown to be an operative force in the Pyramid Texts, which prioritise the inclusion of different traditions over their exclusion, without concern for strict coherence. The way in which individuals chose to arrange the texts informs us about their religious priorities. The increased incorporation of the myth, reflected in the spatial and temporal distribution of the texts, shows the changing religio-political landscape of the Old Kingdom, as the Heliopolitan priesthood rose in prominence. Myth emerges from this thesis as an ever changing phenomenon, subject to the ebbs and flows of social, religious and political currents. If we are to understand its complexity we must situate it in its cultural and temporal milieu.

Contains supplementary figures S1-S13, tables S1-S2, pseudocodes, and, derivations.

Single cell responses are shaped by the geometry of signaling kinetic trajectories carved in a multidimensional space spanned by signaling protein abundances. It is however challenging to assay large number (>3) of signaling species in live-cell imaging which makes it difficult to probe single cell signaling kinetic trajectories in large dimensions. Flow and mass cytometry techniques can measure a large number (4 - >40) of signaling species but are unable to track single cells. Thus cytometry experiments provide detailed time stamped snapshots of single cell signaling kinetics. Is it possible to use the time stamped cytometry data to reconstruct single cell signaling trajectories? Borrowing concepts of conserved and slow variables from non-equilibrium statistical physics we develop an approach to reconstruct signaling trajectories using snapshot data by creating new variables that remain invariant or vary slowly during the signaling kinetics. We apply this approach to reconstruct trajectories using snapshot data obtained from in silico simulations and live-cell imaging measurements. The use of invariants and slow variables to reconstruct trajectories provides a radically different way to track object using snapshot data. The approach is likely to have implications for solving matching problems in a wide range of disciplines., revised version, accepted for publication in Royal Society Open Science

In this note, we consider the Lyndon--Hochschild--Serre spectral sequence corresponding to the first Frobenius kernel of an algebraic group G, computing the extensions between simple $G$-modules. We state and discuss a conjecture that $E_2=E_\infty$ and provide general conditions for low-dimensional terms on the $E_2$-page to be the same as the corresponding terms on the $E_{\infty}$-page, i.e. its abutment., Comment: 6 pages

We provide results on the smoothness of normalisers in connected reductive algebraic groups $G$ over fields $k$ of positive characteristic $p$. Specifically we we give bounds on $p$ which guarantee that normalisers of subalgebras of $\mathfrak{g}$ in $G$ are smooth, i.e.\ so that the Lie algebras of these normalisers coincide with the infinitesimal normalisers. One of our main tools is to exploit cohomology vanishing of small dimensional modules. Along the way, we obtain complete reducibility results for small dimensional modules in the spirit of similar results due to Jantzen, Guralnick, Serre and Bendel--Nakano--Pillen., Comment: 31 pages. Final version to appear in Doc. Math

Doubts have been raised over the adequacy of supply of appropriately skilled graduates from UK higher education (HE) institutes to employers. Changing educational provision to met these employers’ requiremetns may be one of the foremost future challenges to the higher education sector. It has been suggested that to address this challenge a total quality management (TQM) framework, coupled with appropriate curricular modifications, could be used to promote change in HE courses. Introduces and pilots a tool that could be used to promote awareness and understanding of the process‐oriented aspects of TQM. Suggest that this technique could represent a mechanism to promote awareness and change in quality issues involved in educational provision in HE institutes.

Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic p=2. Let G=F_4 be simply connected over k and let \sigma:G\to G be an endomorphism such that the fixed point set G(\sigma) is a Ree group. We show, using the methods of Bendel--Nakano--Pillen, that self-extensions of simple kG(\sigma)-modules vanish generically and that for all but the first few Ree groups of type F_4, the 1-cohomology for G(\sigma) with coefficients in simple kG-modules can be identified with the 1-cohomology for G with coefficients in (possibly different) simple G-modules., Comment: 6 pages; fills a hole in another paper

Let G be a simple, simply connected algebraic group defined over an algebraically closed field k of positive characteristic p. Let \sigma:G->G be a strict endomorphism (i. e., the subgroup G(\sigma) of \sigma-fixed points is finite). Also, let G_\sigma\ be the scheme-theoretic kernel of \sigma, an infinitesimal subgroup of G. This paper shows that the degree m cohomology H^m(G(\sigma),L) of any irreducible kG(\sigma)-module L is bounded by a constant depending on the root system \Phi\ of G and the integer m. A similar result holds for the degree m cohomology of G_\sigma. These bounds are actually established for the degree m extension groups Ext^m_{G(\sigma)}(L,L') between irreducible kG(\sigma)-modules L and L', with again a similar result holding for G_\sigma. In these Ext^m results, of interest in their own right, the bounds depend also on L, or, more precisely, on length of the p-adic expansion of the highest weight associated to L. All bounds are, nevertheless, independent of the characteristic p. These results extend earlier work of Parshall and Scott for rational representations of algebraic groups G. We also show that one can find bounds independent of the prime for the Cartan invariants of G(\sigma) and G_{\sigma}, and even for the lengths of the underlying PIMs. These bounds, which depend only on the root system of G and the "height" of \sigma, provide in a strong way an affirmative answer to a question of Hiss, for the special case of finite groups G(\sigma) of Lie type in the defining characteristic., Comment: 22 pages

We produce examples in the cohomology of algebraic groups which answer two questions of Parshall and Scott. Specifically, if $G=SL_2$, then we show: (a) $\dim \Ext_G^2(L,L)$ can be arbitrarily large for a simple module $L$; and (b) the sequence $\max_{L-\text{irred}}\dim H^k(G,L)$ grows exponentially fast with $k$., 14 pages; version to appear in J. Alg

Let $G=G(K)$ be a simple algebraic group defined over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p>0$. A subgroup $X$ of $G$ is said to be $G$-completely reducible if, whenever it is contained in a parabolic subgroup of $G$, it is contained in a Levi subgroup of that parabolic. A subgroup $X$ of $G$ is said to be $G$-irreducible if $X$ is in no parabolic subgroup of $G$; and $G$-reducible if it is in some parabolic of $G$. In this thesis, we consider the case that $G$ is of exceptional type. When $G$ is of type $G_2$ we find all conjugacy classes of closed, connected, reductive subgroups of $G$. When $G$ is of type $F_4$ we find all conjugacy classes of closed, connected, reductive $G$-reducible subgroups $X$ of $G$. Thus we also find all non-$G$-completely reducible closed, connected, reductive subgroups of $G$. When $X$ is closed, connected and simple of rank at least two, we find all conjugacy classes of $G$-irreducible subgroups $X$ of $G$. Together with the work of Amende in [Ame05] classifying irreducible subgroups of type $A_1$ this gives a complete classification of the simple subgroups of $G$. Amongst the classification of subgroups of $G=F_4(K)$ we find infinite collections of subgroups $X$ of $G$ which are maximal amongst all reductive subgroups of $G$ but not maximal subgroups of $G$; thus they are not contained in any maximal reductive subgroup of $G$. The connected, semisimple subgroups contained in no maximal reductive subgroup of $G$ are of type $A_1$ when $p=3$ and of semisimple type $A_1^2$ or $A_1$ when $p=2$. Some of those which occur when $p=2$ act indecomposably on the 26-dimensional irreducible representation of $G$. We also use this classification to find all subgroups of $G=F_4$ which are generated by short root elements of $G$, by utilising and extending the results of [LS94]., 91 pages; this is the author's PhD thesis

Let G be the simple, simply connected algebraic group SL_3 defined over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic p>0. In this paper, we find H^2(G,V) for any irreducible G-module V. When p>7 we also find H^2(G(q),V) for any irreducible G(q)-module V for the finite Chevalley groups G(q)=SL(3,q) where q is a power of p., 19 pages; v3 updated from the published version in Comm. Alg with a small correction to the main result. See within for details

Let $G:=G_2(K)$ be a simple algebraic group of type $G_2$ defined over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p>0$. Let $\sigma$ denote a standard Frobenius automorphism of $G$ such that $G_\sigma\cong G_2(q)$ with $q\geq 4$. In this paper we find all reductive subgroups of $G$ and quasi-simple subgroups of $G_\sigma$ in the defining characteristic., Comment: 18 pages; copy submitted to Journal of Group Theory

Questions about global income inequality inspire some of the most contentious debates among not only academics but politicians and the public at large. People look to data on income inequality as they might a stock market index to gauge how the world is doing. Are things on the right track? Is enough being done? In this age of globalization, the question is inevitably about whether 'Globalisation' – meaning liberalisation of economies and the integration of global trade and capital flows – brings prosperity or not. The controversies raging today over the many studies coming to different conclusions depend on how the questions are asked, and which data series are used. Such debates indicate little more than how economists and statisticians can find many answers to the seemingly same questions. More fundamentally, these debates mask attention on the growing disparities in human lives.

The years between 1815 and 1825 were a period of social and cultural flux. This thesis examines what I take to be the most significant literary genre of that period, the magazine. Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, the London Magazine and the New Monthly Magazine, along with a host of other, less commercially successful magazines, emerged as a dominant cultural force in these years. I place these magazines in a context of rapid literary and urban expansion, in which distinctions between commercial and aesthetic, literary and non-literary, and high and low cultures became newly anxious. Magazines, I suggest, illuminate a literary culture that was not as clearly divided as either traditional Romantic criticism or New Historicist cultural critiques have suggested. Rather, magazines stand at a midpoint between high and low cultures, neither of which could define itself except in relation to the other. I argue that magazines are significant precisely because their intermediate status offers the best guide to a newly confusing republic of letters. Chapter One discusses the development of the magazine from its eighteenth-century roots, and argues that Leigh Hunt’s Examiner is the most important influence on the new magazines. In Chapter Two I challenge Jon Klancher’s influential model of magazine readerships, and argue for a model of the magazine market dependent not on exclusion, but on connections between magazines and across a culture. In Chapter Three I propose a model of metropolitan culture, defined by its indistinctness, that underlies my conception of the magazine form as a whole. Here I discuss T. G. Wainewright’s art criticism for the London Magazine, arguing that it revels in the cultural indeterminacy that magazines so adeptly theorise. Chapter Four turns from the metropolis to the print market, arguing that magazine writers recognised that it had begun to resemble the London streets. But rather than rejecting the newly expanded “reading public” like many of their contemporaries, magazine writers enjoyed a new sense of freedom, even while they sensed the limits of that freedom. Many writers in the period sought to oppose literature and commerce, and in Chapter Five I again place magazines between these two categories. Thomas De Quincey made himself into a commercial success by claiming a literary identity that was opposed to the marketplace, but Blackwood’s, in a brilliant reversal, made itself into literature by flamboyantly asserting its commercialism.

This paper examines the relationship between the stock market price indices and index returns in three major European equity markets, FTSE100 (U.K), DAX (Germany), and CAC40 (France). Our results, obtained using a vector autoregressive (VAR) model, indicate that while the price indices of the three markets are cointegrated, returns on the indices are not cointegrated. These findings are not in agreement with the earlier studies that reported cointegration in the returns of the three indices. The sample period for the earlier studies ranges from mid-1980s to mid-1990s. Our results, using the sample period from late 1990 to early 2002, clearly indicate that there is no long run equilibrium relationship between the index returns on the three markets, although the three price indices are cointegrated.

Con grandes ilustraciones y texto sencillo se presenta el ciclo de vida de un renacuajo a rana. El texto es de letra grande con dos o tres frases por cada doble página con grandes ilustraciones acompañadas de otro tamaño de letra cuando es necesario proporcionar una mayor información. También hay un glosario. SC Biblioteca de Educación del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Calle San Agustín, 5 - 3 planta; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; biblioteca@mecd.es GBR

The use of case studies on Management Courses is well established, but this method of learning still has major problems. This paper explains some of the difficulties encountered in the use of case studies on the Diploma in Management Studies (Public Administration) [DMS] course at Newcastle Business School. It shows how a new approach to live case studies was evolved, and the thinking that underpins the approach now used. The term ‘live case study’ used in this context means one where students work with managers of public sector organisations on real problems. This element of the paper is written by David Stewart - David, the Case Study Organiser for the DMS course.

Development time and cost of real-time applications can be significantly reduced by reusing software from previous applications. With today’s systems, however, even if some software is reused, a large amount of new code is still required to create the “glue” which integrates modules created by programmers at different sites. A new software engineering paradigm, called “software assembly,” is the process of developing an application simply by combining software modules from distributed libraries, without the need to write nor automatically generate any glue code. In this paper, the underlying framework to support software assembly of real-time applications is presented. The primary contribution is the notion of port-based objects, which combine object-based design with the port-automaton theory, in order to model and develop reconfigurable software modules. The integration of these modules in a distributed shared memory environment is possible through the use of a global state variable communication mechanism. Support for the framework has been implemented as part of the Chimera Real-Time Operating System. We have also designed a hypermedia user interface called Onika which allows real-time applications to be assembled graphically.

Recent developments in reusable and reconfigurable real-time software make it possible to create virtual laboratories wherein applications for a sensor-based system located at a particular location can be created by assembling software modules designed at other sites, and executed in combination upon a robotic system at yet another site. Ultimately, such systems will lead to the development of virtual factories, wherein assembly can be performed remotely, using network-accessible time-shared facilities, from sites which otherwise would lack the necessary resources to accomplish such tasks. The benefits of these virtual laboratories and factories can be greatly enhanced by using hypermedia mechanisms. We have developed Onika, an iconically programmed human-machine interface with hypermedia capabilities, which interacts with reconfigurable software to assemble reusable code into applications. Onika can retrieve and use software modules created at other sites viahyperlinks, integrating them with modules created locally. Onika has been fully integrated with the Chimera real-time operating system in order to control several different robotic systems at Carnegie Mellon University, both locally and remotely.

Recent developments in reusable and reconfigurable real-time software make it possible to create virtual laboratories wherein applications for a sensor-based control system located at a particular location can be created by assembling software modules designed at other sites, and executed in combination upon a robotic system at yet another site. Ultimately, such systems will lead to the development of virtual factories, wherein assembly can be performed remotely, using network-accessible time-shared facilities, from sites which otherwise would lack the necessary resources to accomplish such tasks. The benefits of these virtual laboratories and factories can be greatly enhanced by using hypermedia mechanisms. We have developed Onika, an iconically programmed human-machine interface with hypermedia capabilities, which interacts with reconfigurable software to assemble reusable code into applications. Onika can retrieve and use software modules created at other sites via hyperlinks, integrating them with modules created locally. Onika has been fully integrated with the Chimera real-time operating system in order to control several different robotic systems at Carnegie Mellon University, both locally and remotely.

Institute for Software Research

The timing of sensor-based control systems is crucial. Critical servo-level periodic tasks that fail to meet their deadlines result in losing data or missing control cycles. This can lead to a loss in performance in the best case, and can cause serious damage to equipment or human injury in the worst case. It is therefore critical that the timing of these systems is predictable and controllable. A dynamically reconfigurable system can change in time without the need to halt the system. Such systems may have many sensors or actuators, only a subset of which are used at any time. Alternately the same hardware is used in a different configuration. In this paper we propose the maximum-urgency-first algorithm, which can be used to predictably schedule dynamically changing systems. We show that it is a significant improvement over the rate monotonic algorithm, which can only be used to schedule static systems. The maximum-urgency-first scheduler has been implemented as the default scheduler of CHIMERA II, a real-time operating system being used to control sensor-based control systems both at Carnegie Mellon University and elsewhere.

"This paper describes the CHIMERA II multiprocessing operating system, which has been developed to provide the flexibility, performance, and UNIX-compatible interface needed for fast development and implementation of parallel real-time control code. The operating system is intended for sensor-based control applications such as robotics, process control, and manufacturing. The features of CHIMERA II include support for multiple general purpose CPUs; support for multiple special purpose processors and I/O devices; a UNIX-like environment, which supports most standard C system and library calls; standardized interrupt and exception handlers; and a user interface which serves as a terminal interface to the executing code. CHIMERA II also offers an attractive set of interprocessor communication features.The system-level express mail facility provides transparent access to a host file system and remote devices, and provides the basis for implementing user-level interprocessor communication. Application programmers have the choice of using shared memory, message passing, remote semaphores, or other special synchronization primitives for communicating between multiple processors. As an example of an actual implementation, we are currently using CHIMERA II to control a multi-sensor based robot system. The system runs on a Sun workstation host, with one or more Ironics M68020 processing boards, connected over a VME backplane. The system contains various special purpose processors, including a Mercury 3200 Floating Point Unit and an Androx Image Processor. The system also supports a variety of sensors and devices for real-time systems, which currently include a camera, force and tactile sensors, and a joystick."