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1. Kolmogorov-Smirnov like test for time-frequency Fourier spectrogram analysis in LISA Pathfinder

Author

Errard, J., Ade, P., Akiba, Y., Arnold, K., Atlas, M., Baccigalupi, C., Barron, D., Boettger, D., Borrill, J., Chapman, S., Chinone, Y., Cukierman, A., Delabrouille, J., Dobbs, M., Ducout, A., Elleflot, T., Fabbian, G., Feng, C., Feeney, S., Gilbert, A., Goeckner-Wald, N., Halverson, N., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, K., Hazumi, M., Hill, C., Holzapfel, W., Hori, Y., Inoue, Y., Jaehnig, G., Jaffe, A., Jeong, O., Katayama, N., Kaufman, J., Keating, B., Kermish, Z., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Jeune, M. Le, Lee, A., Leitch, E., Leon, D., Linder, E., Matsuda, F., Matsumura, T., Miller, N., Myers, M., Navaroli, M., Nishino, H., Okamura, T., Paar, H., Peloton, J., Poletti, D., Rebeiz, G., Reichardt, C., Richards, P., Ross, C., Rotermund, K., Schenck, D., Sherwin, B., Siritanasak, P., Smecher, G., Stebor, N., Steinbach, B., Stompor, R., Suzuki, A., Tajima, O., Takakura, S., Tikhomirov, A., Tomaru, T., Whitehorn, N., Wilson, B., Yadav, A., Zahn, O., Ferraioli, Luigi, Armano, Michele, Audley, Heather, Congedo, Giuseppe, Diepholz, Ingo, Gibert, Ferran, Hewitson, Martin, Hueller, Mauro, Karnesis, Nikolaos, Korsakova, Natalia, Nofrarías, Miquel, Plagnol, Eric, Vitale, Stefano, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Physics and Astronomy [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Department of Geological Sciences [BYU], Brigham Young University (BYU), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mathematics Research Institute, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Exeter, Advanced Fusion Research Center, Kyushu University-Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, RIKEN IFREQ, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), Imperial College London, Department of Advanced Materials, University of Tokyo, Department of Advanced Materials, PowerTech Labs, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of surgery and cancer - Faculty of medecine, KEK (High energy accelerator research organization), Dept. of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Advanced Study [Princeton] (IAS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Department of Physics and INFN, University of Trento [Trento], Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Kyushu University [Fukuoka]-Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), McGill University, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), University of Tsukuba, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Computer science, Monte Carlo method, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Noise analysis, 01 natural sciences, LISA Pathfinder, Synthetic data, Gravitational waves, symbols.namesake, Time-frequency map, 0103 physical sciences, Test statistic, 010306 general physics, Spectrogram, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], LISA, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, eLISA, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Time–frequency analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Noise, Pathfinder, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Algorithm
Abstract

A statistical procedure for the analysis of time-frequency noise maps is presented and applied to LISA Pathfinder mission synthetic data. The procedure is based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov like test that is applied to the analysis of time-frequency noise maps produced with the spectrogram technique. The influence of the finite size windowing on the statistic of the test is calculated with a Monte Carlo simulation for 4 different windows type. Such calculation demonstrate that the test statistic is modified by the correlations introduced in the spectrum by the finite size of the window and by the correlations between different time bins originated by overlapping between windowed segments. The application of the test procedure to LISA Pathfinder data demonstrates the test capability of detecting non-stationary features in a noise time series that is simulating low frequency non-stationary noise in the system., Experimental Astronomy, 39 (1), ISSN:0922-6435, ISSN:1572-9508

Published
2014
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2. The POLARBEAR Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Experiment

Author

Barron, D, Ade, P, Anthony, A, Arnold, K, Boettger, D, Borrill, J, Chapman, S, Chinone, Y, Dobbs, M, Edwards, J, Errard, J, Fabbian, G, Flanigan, D, Fuller, G, Ghribi, A, Grainger, W, Halverson, N, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, K, Hazumi, M, Holzapfel, W, Howard, J, Hyland, P, Jaehnig, G, Jaffe, A, Keating, B, Kermish, Z, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Lee, AT, Le Jeune, M, Linder, E, Lungu, M, Matsuda, F, Matsumura, T, Meng, X, Miller, NJ, Morii, H, Moyerman, S, Myers, M, Nishino, H, Paar, H, Peloton, J, Quealy, E, Rebeiz, G, Reichardt, CL, Richards, PL, Ross, C, Shimizu, A, Shimmin, C, Shimon, M, Sholl, M, Siritanasak, P, Spieler, H, Stebor, N, Steinbach, B, Stompor, R, Suzuki, A, Tomaru, T, Tucker, C, Yadav, A, and Zahn, O

Subjects
General Physics, Classical Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Millimeter-wave, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, CMB polarization, Condensed Matter Physics, Mathematical Physics, Cosmic microwave background
Abstract

The polarbear cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiment has been observing since early 2012 from its 5,200 m site in the Atacama Desert in Northern Chile. polarbear's measurements will characterize the expected CMB polarization due to gravitational lensing by large scale structure, and search for the possible B-mode polarization signature of inflationary gravitational waves. polarbear's 250 mK focal plane detector array consists of 1,274 polarization-sensitive antenna-coupled bolometers, each with an associated lithographed band-defining filter and contacting dielectric lenslet, an architecture unique in current CMB experiments. The status of the polarbear instrument, its focal plane, and the analysis of its measurements are presented. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Published
2014
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3. Measurement of the cosmic microwave background polarization lensing power spectrum with the POLARBEAR experiment

Author

POLARBEAR Collaboration, Ade, P. A. R., Akiba, Y., Anthony, A. E., Arnold, K., Atlas, M., Barron, D., Boettger, D., Borrill, J., Chapman, S., Chinone, Y., Dobbs, M., Elleflot, T., Errard, J., Fabbian, G., Feng, C., Flanigan, D., Gilbert, A., Grainger, W., Halverson, N. W., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, K., Hazumi, M., Holzapfel, W. L., Hori, Y., Howard, J., Hyland, P., Inoue, Y., Jaehnig, G. C., Jaffe, A., Keating, B., Kermish, Z., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Jeune, M. Le, Lee, A. T., Linder, E., Leitch, E. M., Lungu, M., Matsuda, F., Matsumura, T., Meng, X., Miller, N. J., Morii, H., Moyerman, S., Myers, M. J., Navaroli, M., Nishino, H., Paar, H., Peloton, J., Quealy, E., Rebeiz, G., Reichardt, C. L., Richards, P. L., Ross, C., Schanning, I., Schenck, D. E., Sherwin, B., Shimizu, A., Shimmin, C., Shimon, M., Siritanasak, P., Smecher, G., Spieler, H., Stebor, N., Steinbach, B., Stompor, R., Suzuki, A., Takakura, S., Tomaru, T., Wilson, B., Yadav, A., Zahn, O., Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Advanced Fusion Research Center, Kyushu University [Fukuoka]-Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, RIKEN IFREQ, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), Department of Applied Chemistry (Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University), Hiroshima University, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institute for Advanced Study [Princeton] (IAS), Dalhousie University [Halifax], Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, POLARBEAR, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC), and The University of Tokyo

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cold dark matter, Cosmic microwave background, Strong gravitational lensing, Dark matter, Gravitational lensing formalism, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Gravitational lens, 13. Climate action, Neutrino, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Weak gravitational lensing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Gravitational lensing due to the large-scale distribution of matter in the cosmos distorts the primordial Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and thereby induces new, small-scale $B$-mode polarization. This signal carries detailed information about the distribution of all the gravitating matter between the observer and CMB last scattering surface. We report the first direct evidence for polarization lensing based on purely CMB information, from using the four-point correlations of even- and odd-parity $E$- and $B$-mode polarization mapped over $\sim30$ square degrees of the sky measured by the POLARBEAR experiment. These data were analyzed using a blind analysis framework and checked for spurious systematic contamination using null tests and simulations. Evidence for the signal of polarization lensing and lensing $B$-modes is found at 4.2$\sigma$ (stat.+sys.) significance. The amplitude of matter fluctuations is measured with a precision of $27\%$, and is found to be consistent with the Lambda Cold Dark Matter ($\Lambda$CDM) cosmological model. This measurement demonstrates a new technique, capable of mapping all gravitating matter in the Universe, sensitive to the sum of neutrino masses, and essential for cleaning the lensing $B$-mode signal in searches for primordial gravitational waves., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Matches Physical Review Letters accepted version. Submitted on 11 March 2014; accepted on 25 April 2014. The companion paper (arXiv:1312.6645) describes a measurement of polarization lensing in cross-correlation

Published
2014
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4. Development and characterization of the readout system for POLARBEAR-2

Author

Barron, D., Ade, P. A. R., Akiba, Y., Aleman, C., Arnold, K., Atlas, M., Bender, A., Boettger, D., Borrill, J., Chapman, S., Chinone, Y., Cukierman, A., Dobbs, M., Elleflot, T., Errard, J., Fabbian, G., Feng, C., Gilbert, A., Goeckner-Wald, N., Halverson, N. W., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, K., Hazumi, M., Holzapfel, W. L., Hori, Y., Inoue, Y., Jaehnig, G. C., Jaffe, A. H., Katayama, N., Keating, B., Kermish, Z., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Jeune, M. Le, Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Linder, E., Matsuda, F., Matsumura, T., Meng, X., Morii, H., Myers, M. J., Navaroli, M., Nishino, H., Okamura, T., Paar, H., Peloton, J., Poletti, D., Raum, C., Rebeiz, G., Reichardt, C. L., Richards, P. L., Ross, C., Rotermund, K., Schenck, D. E., Sherwin, B. D., Shirley, I., Sholl, M., Siritanasak, P., Smecher, G., Stebor, N., Steinbach, B., Stompor, R., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, J., Takada, S., Takakura, S., Tomaru, T., Wilson, B., Yadav, A., Yamaguchi, H., and Zahn, O.

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Amplifier, Frequency domain multiplexing, Cosmic microwave background, Bolometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Polarization (waves), law.invention, Optics, Cardinal point, law, Extremely high frequency, Transition edge sensor, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

POLARBEAR-2 is a next-generation receiver for precision measurements of the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)). Scheduled to deploy in early 2015, it will observe alongside the existing POLARBEAR-1 receiver, on a new telescope in the Simons Array on Cerro Toco in the Atacama desert of Chile. For increased sensitivity, it will feature a larger area focal plane, with a total of 7,588 polarization sensitive antenna-coupled Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers, with a design sensitivity of 4.1 uKrt(s). The focal plane will be cooled to 250 milliKelvin, and the bolometers will be read-out with 40x frequency domain multiplexing, with 36 optical bolometers on a single SQUID amplifier, along with 2 dark bolometers and 2 calibration resistors. To increase the multiplexing factor from 8x for POLARBEAR-1 to 40x for POLARBEAR-2 requires additional bandwidth for SQUID readout and well-defined frequency channel spacing. Extending to these higher frequencies requires new components and design for the LC filters which define channel spacing. The LC filters are cold resonant circuits with an inductor and capacitor in series with each bolometer, and stray inductance in the wiring and equivalent series resistance from the capacitors can affect bolometer operation. We present results from characterizing these new readout components. Integration of the readout system is being done first on a small scale, to ensure that the readout system does not affect bolometer sensitivity or stability, and to validate the overall system before expansion into the full receiver. We present the status of readout integration, and the initial results and status of components for the full array., Comment: Presented at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VII. Published in Proceedings of SPIE Volume 9153

Published
2014
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5. The POLARBEAR Experiment

Author

Kermish, Z., Ade, P., Anthony, A., Arnold, K., Barron, D., Boettger, D., Borrill, J., Chapman, S., Chinone, Y., Dobbs, M. A., Errard, J., Fabbian, G., Flanigan, D., Fuller, G., Ghribi, A., Grainger, W., Halverson, N., Hasegawa, M., Hattori, K., Hazumi, M., Holzapfel, W. L., Howard, J., Hyland, P., Jaffe, A., Keating, B., Kisner, T., Lee, A. T., Jeune, M. Le, Linder, E., Lungu, M., Matsuda, F., Matsumura, T., Meng, X., Miller, N. J., Morii, H., Moyerman, S., Myers, M. J., Nishino, H., Paar, H., Quealy, E., Reichardt, C. L., Richards, P. L., Ross, C., Shimizu, A., Shimon, M., Shimmin, C., Sholl, M., Siritanasak, P., Spieler, H., Stebor, N., Steinbach, B., Stompor, R., Suzuki, A., Tomaru, T., Tucker, C., Zahn, O., AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), University of Ottawa [Ottawa] (uOttawa), and Holland, Wayne S

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Bolometer, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Polarization, Cosmic Microwave Background, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Ranging, Polarization (waves), Inflation, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Polarization sensitive, Cardinal point, Gravitational lens, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

We present the design and characterization of the POLARBEAR experiment. POLARBEAR will measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on angular scales ranging from the experiment's 3.5 arcminute beam size to several degrees. The experiment utilizes a unique focal plane of 1,274 antenna-coupled, polarization sensitive TES bolometers cooled to 250 milliKelvin. Employing this focal plane along with stringent control over systematic errors, POLARBEAR has the sensitivity to detect the expected small scale B-mode signal due to gravitational lensing and search for the large scale B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. POLARBEAR was assembled for an engineering run in the Inyo Mountains of California in 2010 and was deployed in late 2011 to the Atacama Desert in Chile. An overview of the instrument is presented along with characterization results from observations in Chile., Comment: Presented at SPIE Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VI, July 6, 2012. To be published in Proceedings of SPIE Volume 8452

Published
2012
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6. Cosmology and particle physics with POLARBEAR

Author

Hasegawa, M., Ade, P. A. R., Anthony, A. E., Arnold, K., Barron, D., Boettger, D., Borrill, J., Chapman, S., Chinone, Y., Dobbs, M. A., Errard, J., Fabbian, G., Flanigan, D., Fuller, G., Ghribi, A., Grainger, W., Halverson, N., Kaori Hattori, Hazumi, M., Holzapfel, W. L., Howard, J., Hyland, P., Jaffe, A., Keating, B., Kermish, Z., Kisner, T., Le Jeune, M., Lee, A. T., Linder, E., Lungu, M., Matsuda, F., Matsumura, T., Miller, N. J., Meng, X., Morii, H., Moyerman, S., Myers, M. J., Nishino, H., Paar, H., Quealy, E., Reichardt, C., Richards, P. L., Ross, C., Shimizu, A., Chimmin, C., Shimon, M., Sholl, M., Siritanasak, P., Spieler, H., Stebor, N., Steinbach, B., Stompor, R., Suzuki, A., Tomaru, T., Tucker, C., and Zahn, O.

7. A measurement of the cosmic microwave background B-mode polarization power spectrum at subdegree scales from two years of POLARBEAR data

Author

Polarbear Collaboration, Peter Ade, Aguilar, M., Akiba, Y., Arnold, K., Baccigalupi, C., Barron, D., Beck, D., Bianchini, F., Boettger, D., Borrill, J., Chapman, S., Chinone, Y., Crowley, K., Cukierman, A., Dunner, R., Dobbs, M., Ducout, A., Elleflot, T., Errard, J., Fabbian, G., Feeney, S. M., Feng, C., Fujino, T., Galitzki, N., Gilbert, A., Goeckner-Wald, N., Groh, J. C., Hall, G., Halverson, N., Hamada, T., Hasegawa, M., Hazumi, M., Hill, C. A., Howe, L., Inoue, Y., Jaehnig, G., Jaffe, A. H., Jeong, O., Kaneko, D., Katayama, N., Keating, B., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kusaka, A., Le Jeune, M., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Leon, D., Linder, E., Lowry, L., Matsuda, F., Matsumura, T., Minami, Y., Montgomery, J., Navaroli, M., Nishino, H., Paar, H., Peloton, J., Pham, A. T. P., Poletti, D., Puglisi, G., Reichardt, C. L., Richards, P. L., Ross, C., Segawa, Y., Sherwin, B. D., Silva-Feaver, M., Siritanasak, P., Stebor, N., Stompor, R., Suzuki, A., Tajima, O., Takakura, S., Takatori, S., Tanabe, D., Teply, G. P., Tomaru, T., Tucker, C., Whitehorn, N., and Zahn, A.

8. Design and characterization of the POLARBEAR-2b and POLARBEAR-2c cosmic microwave background cryogenic receivers

Author

Gabriele Coppi, Adrian T. Lee, Xiaoyu Guo, Nathan Stebor, Andrew May, Grant Teply, Brian Keating, L. Howe, Kam Arnold, C. Tsai, Lucio Piccirillo, John Groh, L. N. Lowry, Howe, L, Tsai, C, Lowry, L, Arnold, K, Coppi, G, Groh, J, Guo, X, Keating, B, Lee, A, May, A, Piccirillo, L, Stebor, N, and Teply, G

Subjects
Cryostat, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cryogenic, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Lenslet, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Receiver, Optics, law, Polarization, 0103 physical sciences, Cosmic Microwave Background, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, Lyot stop, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Bolometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Thermal Conductivity, Cosmology, B-mode, Millikelvin Refrigeration, Transition edge sensor, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The POLARBEAR-2/Simons Array Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization experiment is an upgrade and expansion of the existing POLARBEAR-1 (PB-1) experiment, located in the Atacama desert in Chile. Along with the CMB temperature and $E$-mode polarization anisotropies, PB-1 and the Simons Array study the CMB $B$-mode polarization anisotropies produced at large angular scales by inflationary gravitational waves, and at small angular scales by gravitational lensing. These measurements provide constraints on various cosmological and particle physics parameters, such as the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$, and the sum of the neutrino masses. The Simons Array consists of three 3.5 m diameter telescopes with upgraded POLARBEAR-2 (PB-2) cryogenic receivers, named PB-2a, -2b, and -2c. PB-2a and -2b will observe the CMB over multiple bands centered at 95 GHz and 150 GHz, while PB-2c will observe at 220 GHz and 270 GHz, which will enable enhanced foreground separation and de-lensing. Each Simons Array receiver consists of two cryostats which share the same vacuum space: an optics tube containing the cold reimaging lenses and Lyot stop, infrared-blocking filters, and cryogenic half-wave plate; and a backend which contains the focal plane detector array, cold readout components, and millikelvin refrigerator. Each PB-2 focal plane array is comprised of 7,588 dual-polarization, multi-chroic, lenslet- and antenna-coupled, Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers which are cooled to 250 mK and read out using Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) through a digital frequency division multiplexing scheme with a multiplexing factor of 40. In this work we describe progress towards commissioning the PB-2b and -2c receivers including cryogenic design, characterization, and performance of both the PB-2b and -2c backend cryostats., Comment: 20 pages

Published
2018
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9. POLARBEAR-2: an instrument for CMB polarization measurements

Author

Y. Inoue, P. Ade, Y. Akiba, C. Aleman, K. Arnold, C. Baccigalupi, B. Barch, D. Barron, A. Bender, D. Boettger, J. Borrill, S. Chapman, Y. Chinone, A. Cukierman, T. de Haan, M. A. Dobbs, A. Ducout, R. Dünner, T. Elleflot, J. Errard, G. Fabbian, S. Feeney, C. Feng, G. Fuller, A. J. Gilbert, N. Goeckner-Wald, J. Groh, G. Hall, N. Halverson, T. Hamada, M. Hasegawa, K. Hattori, M. Hazumi, C. Hill, W. L. Holzapfel, Y. Hori, L. Howe, F. Irie, G. Jaehnig, A. Jaffe, O. Jeong, N. Katayama, J. P. Kaufman, K. Kazemzadeh, B. G. Keating, Z. Kermish, R. Keskitalo, T. S. Kisner, A. Kusaka, M. Le Jeune, A. T. Lee, D. Leon, E. V. Linder, L. Lowry, F. Matsuda, T. Matsumura, N. Miller, K. Mizukami, J. Montgomery, M. Navaroli, H. Nishino, H. Paar, J. Peloton, D. Poletti, G. Puglisi, C. R. Raum, G. M. Rebeiz, C. L. Reichardt, P. L. Richards, C. Ross, K. M. Rotermund, Y. Segawa, B. D. Sherwin, I. Shirley, P. Siritanasak, N. Stebor, R. Stompor, J. Suzuki, A. Suzuki, O. Tajima, S. Takada, S. Takatori, G. P. Teply, A. Tikhomirov, T. Tomaru, N. Whitehorn, A. Zahn, O. Zahn, Holland, Wayne S, Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Institut Lagrange de Paris, Sorbonne Université (SU), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), POLARBEAR, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Inoue, Y, Ade, P, Akiba, Y, Aleman, C, Arnold, K, Baccigalupi, C, Barch, B, Barron, D, Bender, A, Boettger, D, Borrill, J, Chapman, S, Chinone, Y, Cukierman, A, De Haan, T, Dobbs, M, Ducout, A, Dunner, R, Elleflot, T, Errard, J, Fabbian, G, Feeney, S, Feng, C, Fuller, G, Gilbert, A, Goeckner-Wald, N, Groh, J, Hall, G, Halverson, N, Hamada, T, Hasegawa, M, Hattori, K, Hazumi, M, Hill, C, Holzapfel, W, Hori, Y, Howe, L, Irie, F, Jaehnig, G, Jaffe, A, Jeong, O, Katayama, N, Kaufman, J, Kazemzadeh, K, Keating, B, Kermish, Z, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kusaka, A, Le Jeune, M, Lee, A, Leon, D, Linder, E, Lowry, L, Matsuda, F, Matsumura, T, Miller, N, Mizukami, K, Montgomery, J, Navaroli, M, Nishino, H, Paar, H, Peloton, J, Poletti, D, Puglisi, G, Raum, C, Rebeiz, G, Reichardt, C, Richards, P, Ross, C, Rotermund, K, Segawa, Y, Sherwin, B, Shirley, I, Siritanasak, P, Stebor, N, Stompor, R, Suzuki, A, Tajima, O, Takada, S, Takatori, S, Teply, G, Tikhomirov, A, Tomaru, T, Whitehorn, N, Zahn, A, Zahn, O, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA )

Subjects
[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Cosmic microwave background, cosmic background radiation: polarization, Gravitational Wave, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Polarization, Cosmic Microwave Background, neutrino: mass, mirror, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Weak gravitational lensing, Physics, Equipment and services, Settore FIS/05, superconductivity, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Bolometers, Polarization (waves), vacuum system, astro-ph.CO, readout, Neutrino, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, IR filter, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), lens, Bolometer, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 010309 optics, POLARBEAR-2, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Sensors, Gravitational wave, gravitational radiation: primordial, temperature, millimeter wave, optics, Gravitational lens, Extremely high frequency, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], astro-ph.IM
Abstract

POLARBEAR-2 (PB-2) is a cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiment that will be located in the Atacama highland in Chile at an altitude of 5200 m. Its science goals are to measure the CMB polarization signals originating from both primordial gravitational waves and weak lensing. PB-2 is designed to measure the tensor to scalar ratio, r, with precision {\sigma}(r) < 0.01, and the sum of neutrino masses, {\Sigma}m{\nu}, with {\sigma}({\Sigma}m{\nu}) < 90 meV. To achieve these goals, PB-2 will employ 7588 transition-edge sensor bolometers at 95 GHz and 150 GHz, which will be operated at the base temperature of 250 mK. Science observations will begin in 2017., Comment: 9pages,8figures

Published
2016
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