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Lipid dosage forms are the most preferred delivery system for hydrophobic drug molecules. Lipid dosage forms has many advantages of higher degree of biocompatibility and versatility and also lipid dosage form gained more importance in recent years because of their ability to improve the solubility and bioavailability of drugs with poor water solubility. Lipid formulation can be altered in various ways to provide wide range of product requirements as per the disease condition, route of administration, toxicity and efficacy. Lipid formulations are most reliable strategy for formulating pharmaceuticals, for topical, oral, pulmonary, or parenteral delivery. Due to their capability as therapeutic agents, ideally, these lipid-soluble drugs are incorporated into inert lipid carriers such as oil, surfactant dispersion, liposomes, emulsion etc. Emulsion is one of the known systems since many years. Pharmaceutical application of the emulsion is widely speeded after the microemulsion and nano emulsions appearance. Microemulsions are clear, stable and isotropic mixture of oil, surfactant and cosurfactant. Emulsions and nano emulsions are not thermodynamically stable, compared with microemulsions. The main objective of this review paper is to discuss about the effect of oil, surfactant and cosurfactant on the microemulsions.

Gingival repigmentation is an inevitable hindrance among different procedures accepted for gingival depigmentation. To overcome this, there is a need for the procedure that can delay the duration of reappearance of pigmentation. A number of studies using herbal extracts with antioxidant property shown to have anti melanogenic effect. In the present in - vitro study, we investigated the effect of banana stem and flower extracts on melanocytes, as Banana stem and flower are rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, which are potent antioxidants. The melanocytes were exposed to ethanolic extract of banana stem and flower at 2 concentrations (100 μgm, 150 μgm) for 72 h. The cellular melanin contents were measured using Bradford assay which depicted the reduction in the melanin content and Resazurin assay was used for assessment of cell viability showed no significant cytotoxic effect of banana stem and flower on the cells. The cells exposed to higher concentration (150 μgm) of banana stem and flower showed significant reduction in melanin content. Flower extract showed better reduction in the melanin content. Based on these results both banana flower and stem can be tried as potent gingival depigmenting agent.

The automobile industry is one of the core industries which determine the nation’s economic growth. This industry contributes 7.5 percent to the country's GDP, as its share, every year, in the last two decades. Actually, it is this industry, which drives the growth of other industries in India and so as economic development. The automobile industry, being a 4.8 billion industry, is rated as the 4th largest industry, on a sales basis and the 7th largest industry, on a production basis in the world. This segment is the seventh largest producer of commercial vehicle in the world and is anticipated to march towards the fifth position by year 2025. As countries accelerate their transition to a net-zero world, the automobile industry is one which took a greater part to achieve green economy. In reaching out of green economy by the year 2070 India will reach the growth towards the decarbonized economy. In the progression there will be a 1 billion tones reduction in projected Carbon emission by 2030.which is a key breakthrough on the way to a Net Zero plan. The reliance on fossil fuel needs to be hacked by the way utilizing the renewable energy. And of course, it’s no anonymity that India’s transport sector has a big role to play in this regard. Up gradation of electrification of mobility, alternative clean fuel arrangements will play a meaningful role in curtail the carbon emission. But before to start there are critical factors that we need to examine on this uptake of green mobility. Hence this research articles helps to indentify & analyze the role of Indian automobile industry towards attainment of Net Zero Plan.

Background: To characterize neurodevelopmental abnormalities in children up to 36 months of age with congenital Zika virus exposure. Methods: From the U.S. Zika Pregnancy and Infant Registry, a national surveillance system to monitor pregnancies with laboratory evidence of Zika virus infection, pregnancy outcomes and presence of Zika associated birth defects (ZBD) were reported among infants with available information. Neurologic sequelae and developmental delay were reported among children with ≥ 1 follow-up exam after 14 days of age or with ≥ 1 visit with development reported, respectively. Results: Among 2,248 infants, 9.9% were born preterm, and 10.0% were small-for-gestational age. Overall, 122 (5.4%) had any ZBD; 91.8% of infants had brain abnormalities or microcephaly, 23.0% had eye abnormalities, and 14.8% had both. Of 1,881 children ≥ 1 follow-up exam reported, neurologic sequelae were more common among children with ZBD (44.6%) vs. without ZBD (1.5%). Of children with ≥ 1 visit with development reported, 46.8% (51/109) of children with ZBD and 7.4% (129/1739) of children without ZBD had confirmed or possible developmental delay. Conclusion: Understanding the prevalence of developmental delays and healthcare needs these children with congenital Zika virus exposure can inform health systems and planning to ensure services are available for affected families.

This study characterizes the mechanical properties of human brain tissue resected during the course of surgery under multistep indentation loading up to 30% strain. The experimental characterization using fresh, post-operative, human brain tissue is highly advantageous since postmortem times can affect its biomechanical behavior. Although the quasilinear theory of viscoelasticity (QLV) approach has been widely used to model brain tissue mechanical properties, our analysis concluded that the linear viscoelastic approach provided a better fit to the experimental data overall. The only statistically significant regional difference in observed stiffness was between the cortex gray and dentate gyrus. There were no statistically significant age or sex dependent differences, although the data suggested that the cortex white matter in males was stiffer than that in females. Our results can help improve the accuracy of finite element models of brain tissue deformation to predict its response to traumatic brain injury.

Role of the Coulomb interaction, mean fissility, mass asymmetry, and charge asymmetry parameters on the synthesis of heavy and superheavy elements has been examined with respect to the deformation parameters of the projectile and target nuclei explicitly in light of the experimental results. The observed facts are classified into four categories and are then used to study several unsuccessful as well as planned reactions to synthesize the new superheavy elements $Z= 119, 120$. Concrete inference is too difficult to draw from these results because of excessive deviations in evaporation residue cross-section data. It is found that the arbitrary choice of excitation energy for the experiments studied was the root cause of such large deviations. Such a complex issue can be resolved well by theoretical excitation function studies using the advanced statistical model or the dinuclear system model and choosing the excitation energy corresponding to the energy where the excitation function curve shows the maximum. We believe this method may help us to predict whether the estimated evaporation residue cross-section can be measurable within the experimental limit of the existing facilities for the future reactions planned., 5 figures

This case report aimed to treat a 48-year-old healthy male patient with a chief complaint of sensitivity and receding gums concerning the lower front tooth region. Intraoral examination revealed class I gingival recession i.r.t. 31 and 41. A two-stage modied approach using de-epithelialized gingival graft (DGG) was used to increase the gingival thickness at rst stage followed by the minimally invasive pouch and tunnel technique with bi-layered A-PRF membrane in the second stage to achieve complete root coverage. 3 months after the rst stage there was an increase in gingival thickness which can be owed to the use of DGG. One year following the second stage complete root coverage with stable gingival thickness and reduced root sensitivity was observed, Thus, this modied two-stage approach could be successfully used for the treatment of class I and II gingival recession.

To determine viscoelastic shear moduli, stress relaxation indentation tests were performed on samples of human brain tissue resected in the course of epilepsy surgery. Through the use of a 500 µm diameter indenter, regional mechanical properties were measured in cortical grey and white matter and subregions of the hippocampus. All regions were highly viscoelastic. Cortical grey matter was significantly more compliant than the white matter or hippocampus which were similar in modulus. Although shear modulus was not correlated with the age of the donor, cortex from male donors was significantly stiffer than from female donors. The presented material properties will help to populate finite element models of the brain as they become more anatomically detailed. Statement of Significance We present the first mechanical characterization of fresh, post-operative human brain tissue using an indentation loading mode. Indentation generates highly localized data, allowing structure-specific mechanical properties to be determined from small tissue samples resected during surgery. It also avoids pitfalls of cadaveric tissue and allows data to be collected before degenerative processes alter mechanical properties. To correctly predict traumatic brain injury, finite element models must calculate intracranial deformation during head impact. The functional consequences of injury depend on the anatomical structures injured. Therefore, morbidity depends on the distribution of deformation across structures. Accurate prediction of structure-specific deformation requires structure-specific mechanical properties. This data will facilitate deeper understanding of the physical mechanisms that lead to traumatic brain injury.

Nevus Comedonicus (NC), also known as comedone nevus, is a rare type of epidermal nevus. It can be a part of the Nevus Comedonicus syndrome, a neurocutaneous disorder with ocular, skeletal and central nervous system symptoms. It is characterized by numerous dilated follicular openings with keratin plugs. Hereby, we report a case of Nevus Comedonicus.

The issues faced by farmers has become the most paramount in these days, especially towards their profit rate. We intend to create an application in order to connect the farmers and the retailers directly and to provide regional languages for the farmers automatically, based on the location detected through GPS. This application also provides facility to farmers for buying seeds, fertilizers and pesticides. It also notifies to consumer and retailer about the amount of pesticides used.

Cloud computing has become a choice over traditional computing environments in terms of virtualization. As cloud services continue to grow rapidly, the need for more efficient utilization of resources and better optimized distribution of work-load emerges. In this paper an adaptive algorithm based on Map reduce technique is proposed which produces optimal solution from three perspectives i.e. Infrastructure level, application level and platform level. We have evaluated the proposed technique using cloudsim which shows improvements in terms of maximized throughput and minimized response time.

Tumours of round ligament of uterus are rare. Leiomyoma of the round ligament can present as inguinal swelling mimicking an incarcerated/ irreducible hernia / inguinal secondaries / lymph node. It arises from smooth muscle of round ligament. It can be diagnosed preoperatively by CT scan or following exploration. Surgery is the treatment of choice for this condition.