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5. Pyramica rishwani Makhan, 2007: 5, figs 9, 10. Holotype and paratype workers, SURINAME: Kasikasima, 27.iii. 1996 (D. Makhan) [not in USPS]. New junior synonym of Strumigenys elongata Roger, 1863. Comment. Makhan records the holotype as a worker and his figs 9 and 10 are both labelled as being of the worker holotype. But his fig. 9 is a queen (gyne) and his fig. 10 is the head of a different specimen, apparently a genuine worker. It is obvious that two different specimens are involved as the orientations of their mandibles and antennae are different in the two photographs. Therefore the synopsis should read "syntype workers and queen." Regardless of that, both specimens are not Pyramica but are Strumigenys elongata, one of the commonest and most widely distributed of Neotropical Strumigenys. It is already known from Suriname (near Maripaheuvel and Lely and Nassau Plateaus). References: Brown (1954, 1962); Kempf (1961); Lattke & Goitia (1997); Bolton (2000); LaPolla et al. (2007); Sosa-Calvo (2007)., Published as part of Bolton, B., Sosa-Calvo, J., Fern�� �� ndez, F. & Lattke, J. E., 2008, New synonyms in neotropical Myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 61-64 in Zootaxa 1732 on pages 61-64

Daceton Perty Daceton Perty, 1833: 136. Type-species: Formica armigera Latreille, 1802: 244, by monotypy. Dacetum Agassiz, 1848: 332, unjustified emendation of Daceton. [Synonymy by Brown, 1973: 179.] A complete diagnosis of the genus is provided by Bolton (1999, 2000)., Published as part of Azorsa, F. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2008, Description of a remarkable new species of ant in the genus Daceton Perty (Formicidae: Dacetini) from South America., pp. 27-38 in Zootaxa 1749 on page 29

Daceton Perty Daceton Perty, 1833: 136. Type-species: Formica armigera Latreille, 1802: 244, by monotypy. Dacetum Agassiz, 1848: 332, unjustified emendation of Daceton. [Synonymy by Brown, 1973: 179.] A complete diagnosis of the genus is provided by Bolton (1999, 2000).

4. Pyramica kiranae Makhan, 2007: 4, figs 7, 8. Holotype and paratype workers, SURINAME: Kasikasima, 27.iii.1996 (D. Makhan) [not in USPS]. New junior synonym of Pyramica subedentata (Mayr, 1887). Comment. There is a slight possibility that kiranae may be a junior synonym of trieces (Brown, 1960), rather than subedentata. The last two are very closely related and the characters that differentiate them (alitrunk pilosity and sculpture of the first gastral sternite) are not discernible in the photographs and are not mentioned in the descriptions. However, trieces is known only from Central America, whereas subedentata, apart from being a more common species, is also widespread in northern South America, with records from Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Suriname, French Guiana, Guyana, Brazil and Peru. References: Brown (1960, 1962); Lattke & Goitia (1997); Bolton (2000); Fernandez & Sendoya (2004); LaPolla et al. (2007); Sosa-Calvo (2007)., Published as part of Bolton, B., Sosa-Calvo, J., Fern�� �� ndez, F. & Lattke, J. E., 2008, New synonyms in neotropical Myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 61-64 in Zootaxa 1732 on pages 61-64

Daceton boltoni Azorsa and Sosa-Calvo, new species (figs. 2, 4, 6, 8-16, 20-22) Holotype worker. Measurements (mm): EL 0.66, GL 3.29, HL 3.21, HW 3.47, ML 2.34, PL 1.40, PPL 0.55, PSL 1.05, PW 3.13, SL 2.01, TL 13.9, WL 3.07. Indexes: CI 108, MI 73, PI 46, PSI 34, SI 58. Polymorphic. Head heart-shaped; wider than long. Mandibles elongate and linear with apical fork consisting of two teeth of which the ventral one is the largest. Mandibles finely reticulate-punctate. Inner (masticatory) margin of mandibles with long hairs, lacking any short, thick hairs. Outer margin of mandibles with some decumbent hairs. Mandibles, in full-face view, somewhat short and stout [(MW/ML')* 100= 34-44] (fig. 23). Dorsum of clypeus with suberect to subdecumbent hairs. In some intermediate and major castes, dorsum of head with a small but conspicuous ocellus. Ocular carina absent. Ocular crest, in lateral view, with 1-3 erect, simple hairs. Antennal scapes not surpassing the posterior margin of head. Antennal scapes slightly thickening towards the apex, finely reticulate and shiny, and with most of their lengths covered with sparse decumbent to subdecumbent hairs. Base of mandibles, in lateral view, finely reticulate-punctate and ventrally rugose, rest of lateral margin of mandibles smooth and shiny. Sides of head lacking a broad gap between bases of mandibles and margins of head capsule when mandibles fully closed (except in two minors studied, in which case there is a narrow gap). Depressions, adjacent to and ventral to mandibular insertion, shallow (much deeper in D. armigerum). Pronotum with a pair of humeral tubercles that are more carina-like and a pair of lateral, single-tipped (rather than bifurcate) spines. Propleuron, in lateral view, strongly angulate. Posterior portion of promesonotum with a pair of low tubercles. Promesonotum with at least two pairs of standing simple hairs. Metanotal groove weakly impressed. Propodeal spines long and somewhat curved inwards (U-shaped) when seen in fronto-dorsal view. Propodeal spiracles appearing, in dorsal view, as lateral prominences of propodeum; opening of propodeal spiracle longer than wide (oval). Peduncle of petiole long. Anterior-lateral margins smooth and shiny. Dorsum of petiole anteriorly with a pair of small spines that project latero-posteriorly. Disc of petiole finely reticulate-punctate, lacking a second pair of tubercles or spines. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, hexagonal. Disc of postpetiole finely reticulate-punctate and with appressed hairs. Posterior margin of postpetiole, in lateral view, angulate. Dorsum of first gastral segment mainly with subdecumbent to decumbent hairs in addition to some appressed hairs. Paratype workers. Measurements (mm): EL 0.31-0.79, GL 1.69-3.82, HL 1.08-3.57, HW 1.17-4.13, ML 0.66-2.83, PL 0.67-1.58, PPL 0.24-0.60, PSL 0.28-1.20, PW 0.95-3.60, SL 0.74-2.11, TL 5.68-15.9, WL 1.34-3.55. Indexes: CI 106-116, MI 61-79, PI 41-52, PSI 21-40, SI 51-74, (29 measured). Holotype worker, Peru: Loreto, Iquitos, ACTS Field Station, Canopy Walkway, 03��15'00''S72��55'12''W, 20-24.iii.2006 (F Azorsa). [Deposited in MUSM.] Paratypes, 14 workers with same data as holotype; 15 workers, Brazil: Amazonas, Hwy ZF 2, Km 19, ca 60 Km N. Manaus, 02��30'S60��15'W, 16.viii.1979, Terra Firma (T.L. Erwin et al.). [Deposited in BMNH (1), IAvH (1), ICN (1), MCZC (2), MZSP (2), MUSM (6), USNM (16).] Non-paratypic material examined. 6 workers, Brazil: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva 41 WWF, iii. 1992 (F.P. Benton) [CPDC]. Gyne and male. Unknown. Range. This species is known to occur in Iquitos, Peru, and Manaus, Brazil. Etymology. It gives us great pleasure to name this ant in honor of Mr. Barry Bolton for his extensive contributions to the study of ant taxonomy and, especially, to the taxonomy of the tribe Dacetini. His worldwide revision of the tribe Dacetini is a monumental, well-documented work containing well-executed SEM micrographs and a very user-friendly taxonomical key that facilitates identification of the many miniscule, curious species of the tribe. Habitat. This species seems to be an exclusively canopy-dwelling ant. The Peruvian specimens were collected on a Sloanea sp. (Elaeocarpaceae) tree. Worker variation. Among the specimens studied, some morphological variation has been documented, including: (i) All castes with sides of head lacking a broad gap between bases of mandibles and margins of head capsule when mandibles are fully closed, with the exception of the two minor workers studied, in which case there is a narrow gap. (ii) Erect hairs on the ocular crest are present in all workers examined. However, the number of hairs varies among specimens. We suspect that these hairs are fragile and can be easily lost, which may account for the variation observed between specimens. This seems also to apply to the standing hairs on the median promesonotum and behind the posterior tubercles of the promesonotum. (iii) Humeral tubercles are strongly reduced, sometimes forming a carina or absent, especially in smaller workers. (iv) The propodeal spines of all of the Peruvian specimens examined converging at the tips (U-shaped, when seen in fronto-dorsal view), whereas in most of the specimens from Brazil the propodeal spines are diverging, more like the state in D. armigerum. (v) Petiolar spines short, almost absent in the smaller castes. The petiolar spines are more developed in the specimens from Brazil. Key to the species of Daceton. Pronotal humeral spines bifurcate, the anterior tip larger than the posterior one (fig. 3). First gastral tergite without standing hairs (sometimes with very short, appressed hairs) (figs. 3, 7, 17-19). Mesonotum and metanotum divided by a strongly impressed metanotal groove (fig. 3). Inner (masticatory) margin of mandibles with a row of short thick setae (fig. 5)............................................................. Daceton armigerum. -. Pronotal humeral spines long and simple (figs. 4, 10, 14). First gastral tergite with suberect to subdecumbent hairs (figs. 4, 8, 11-12, 14-15, 20-22). Mesonotum and metanotum divided by a weakly impressed metanotal groove (figs. 4, 10, 14). Inner (masticatory) margin of mandibles lacking a row of short thick setae (fig. 6)....................................................................................................................... Daceton boltoni. Discussion The worker caste of Daceton boltoni shares many important character states with that of its sister species D. armigerum, including the heart-shaped head, the large eyes located on a low cuticular prominence (Bolton 2000), the number of apical mandibular teeth, and general habitus (figs. 1-8). Daceton boltoni differs from D. armigerum by the absence of a specialized row of thick setae on the inner (masticatory) margin of the mandibles; by mandibles that are slightly shorter and more stout, which could indicate differences in prey preferences between the two species (B. Bolton, pers. comm.); by a broad gap, when seen in profile, between the bases of the fully-closed mandibles and the margins of the head capsule; by shallow depressions adjacent to and ventral to the mandibular insertions; by long and simple lateral pronotal spines; by a weakly impressed metanotal groove; and by subdecumbent to decumbent hairs on the tergite of abdominal segment IV. Behaviorally, D. boltoni appears to be very similar to D. armigerum. However, drop tests conducted at the type locality indicate that D. boltoni individuals exhibit weak and inconsistent aerial gliding behavior relative to those of D. armigerum (S.P. Yanoviak, pers. comm.). These characters strongly suggest that D. boltoni is a distinct species rather than a variety of D. armigerum. These character states are consistent across all 30 specimens examined from two distant localities in South America (Iquitos, Peru, and Manaus, Brazil) where both species co-occur. No intermediate forms were observed to suggest that the two forms are conspecific. Rather, D. boltoni is sympatric with D. armigerum. Although its known distribution is currently only two locations in the Amazonian forest, it is possible and indeed likely that D. boltoni shares a broadly overlapping distribution with D. armigerum. The discovery of a new species in the heretofore monotypic genus Daceton, a widely distributed genus of large and conspicuous ants occurring in most South American rainforests, suggests the possibility of a similar pattern in two other ant genera currently regarded as monotypic and likewise widely distributed, Paraponera Smith and Gigantiops Roger. Individuals of these monotypic genera are, like those of Daceton, large and conspicuous. It is well worth considering that, as with Daceton, these features may have blinded myrmecologists to the possibility that these "monotypic" genera consist in reality of multiple cryptic species., Published as part of Azorsa, F. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2008, Description of a remarkable new species of ant in the genus Daceton Perty (Formicidae: Dacetini) from South America., pp. 27-38 in Zootaxa 1749 on pages 32-37

6. Pyramica wani Makhan, 2007: 6, figs 11, 12. Holotype worker, SURINAME: Nieuw Amsterdam, 30.iii.1996 (D. Makhan) [not in USPS]. New junior synonym of Strumigenys louisianae Roger, 1863. 62 ������ Zootaxa 1732 ���� 2008 Magnolia Press BOLTON ET AL. -------------------------------- page break -------------------------------- Comment. From the photographs that are figs. 11 and 12 it is apparent that Pyramica wani is yet another name to add to the already long synonymy of Strumigenys louisianae. The range of this species is vast, extending from the southern states of the U.S.A. to northern Argentina; it is already well known in the fauna of Suriname (Dirkshoop). References: Smith (1931); Brown (1953, 1961, 1962); Kempf (1961); Deyrup (1997); Lattke & Goitia (1997); Bolton(2000)., Published as part of Bolton, B., Sosa-Calvo, J., Fern�� �� ndez, F. & Lattke, J. E., 2008, New synonyms in neotropical Myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 61-64 in Zootaxa 1732 on pages 61-64

1. Pyramica amrishi Makhan, 2007: 1, figs 1, 2. Holotype and paratype workers, SURINAME: Kasikasima, 27.iii. 1996 (D. Makhan) [not in USPS]. New junior synonym of Octostruma balzani (Emery, 1894). Comment. The author has managed to place this species in the wrong genus and tribe. The photographs are infuriatingly fuzzy but the head shape and distribution of the setae that are visible makes it almost certain that the " new species " amrishi is really one of the commonest and most widely distributed of Neotropical basicerotine ants, Octostruma balzani. Octostruma balzani has been previously collected from Dirkshoop, Sidoredjo, and Tambahredjo; eastern Suriname (Lely and Nassau Plateaus); and Nickerie District. References: Brown & Kempf (1960); Kempf (1961, 1972); LaPolla et al. (2007); Palacio (1997); Sosa-Calvo (2007); Sosa-Calvo (unpublished)., Published as part of Bolton, B., Sosa-Calvo, J., Fern�� �� ndez, F. & Lattke, J. E., 2008, New synonyms in neotropical Myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 61-64 in Zootaxa 1732 on pages 61-64

2. Pyramica aschnae Makhan , 2007: 2, figs 3, 4. Holotype worker, SURINAME: Carolina Creek, 6.iv.1996 (D. Makhan) [not in USPS]. New junior synonym of Pyramica denticulata (Mayr, 1887)., Published as part of Bolton, B., Sosa-Calvo, J., Fern�� �� ndez, F. & Lattke, J. E., 2008, New synonyms in neotropical Myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 61-64 in Zootaxa 1732 on pages 61-64

Azorsa, Frank, Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey (2008): Description of a remarkable new species of ant in the genus Daceton Perty (Formicidae: Dacetini) from South America. Zootaxa 1749: 27-38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181707

Daceton armigerum (Latreille) (figs. 1, 3, 5, 7, 17-19) Formica armigera Latreille, 1802: 244, pl. 9, fig. 58. Syntype(?) worker, Brazil (not seen). Myrmecia cordata Fabricius, 1804: 425. Syntypes, 2 workers, America Meridionali [South America]. (Synonymy by Roger, 1862: 290.) (seen) Daceton armigerum (Latreille); Perty, 1833: 136 (combination). Atta (?) armigera (Latreille); Guerin-Meneville, 1844: 421 (combination). Daceton armigerum (Latreille); F. Smith, 1853: 226 (revived combination). Worker. Measurements (mm): EL 0.44-0.87, GL 1.89-4.50, HL 1.44-4.06, HW 1.58-4.17, ML 0.79-3.32, PL 0.78-1.93, PPL 0.26-0.51, PSL 0.32-1.59, PW 1.38-4.60, SL 0.94-2.77, TL 6.91-17.8, WL 1.70-4.24. Indexes: CI 102-113, MI 55-88, PI 41-52, PSI 18-39, SI 59-73 (17 measured). Polymorphic. Head wider than long, heart-shaped. Mandibles linear and elongate, each with an apical fork of two teeth that overlap at full closure, of which the ventral tooth is the largest. Inner (masticatory) margin of mandibles lacking any dentition but with a series of short, thick setae that differ from any other pilosity present on mandibles. Outer margin of mandibles lacking hairs completely or with very short, appressed hairs. Mandibles, in full-face view, somewhat long and narrow [(MW/ML')*100= 25-40] (fig. 23). Palp formula 5,3. Depressions, adjacent to and ventral to the mandibular insertion, deep. Clypeus without standing hairs. Pronotal humeri with acute tubercles. Lateral pronotal spines bifurcate, the anterior tips larger than the posterior ones. Metanotal groove deeply impressed. Mesosoma glabrous. Petiolar node with an anterior-lateral pair of long spines and a pair of small but sharp tubercles, located underneath the anterior-lateral spines. First gastral tergite finely reticulate and devoid of any erect or semi-erect pilosity, sometimes with very short, appressed hairs. Color of head, mesosoma, and metasoma, usually red-brown to red-yellowish, sometimes dark red-brown or rarely bicolored; petiole, postpetiole, and gaster darker than rest of body. Range. This species is known to occur in the Terra Firma and flooded forests of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad, and Venezuela. The material examined conforms perfectly to the description given by Latreille (1802: 244). Daceton armigerum has been studied extensively by Wheeler & Wheeler (1954, description of larvae), Wilson (1962, ecology and behavior), Blum & Portocarrero (1966, trail pheromone and venom), Holldobler et al. (1990, chemical communication), Moffet & Tobin (1991, physical castes), Groenenberg (1996, mandibular mode of action), and Bolton (1999, 2000, classification). Material examined. Myrmecia cordata Fabricius, Syntypes, 2 workers, labeled: "Essequibo [possibly Guyana], Smidt. Mus. de Sehestedt. Armigerum, Latr. [Latreille] Myrmecia cordata, worker, Fabr. [Fabricius]." Deposited in ZMUC. Bolivia: 8 workers, Beni, Cavinas, i.1954 (WM. Mann) [USNM]; 4 workers, Beni, Cavinas, ii.1954 (W.M. Mann) [USNM]; 3 workers, Beni, Huachi, ix.1954 (WM Mann) [USNM]; 5 workers, Beni, Rurrenabaque, x.1954 (W.M. Mann) [USNM]; 18 workers, Rosario, Mulford Biological Station, (L Rocagua) xi.1921-1922, (WM. Mann) [USNM]. Brazil: 55 workers, Amazonas, Hwy ZF 2, Km 19, ca 60 Km N. Manaus, 02��30'S60��15'W, 17.viii.1979, Terra Firma (T.L. Erwin etal.) [USNM]; 2 workers, Amazonas, Rio Taruma Mirim, 20 Km NW Manaus, 02��53'S60��07'W, 2.iii.1979 (T.L. Erwin et al.) [USNM]; 1 worker, Amazonas, Rio Taruma Mirim, 2 Km from Rio Negro, 03��02'S06��17'W, 29.vii.1979, Igapo black water inundation, forest canopy (T.L. Erwin et al.) [USNM]; 9 workers, Amazonas, Itacoatiara (Mann and Baker); 1 workers, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, 9.vi.1971, rainforest, (W.L. andD.E. Brown) [MCZC]; 4 workers, Para, vii.1962, B-253 (WL Brown) [USNM]; 8 workers, Para, (W.M. Mann) [USNM]; 2 workers, Mato Grosso, Tangara da Serra, 30.v.2003 (P.R. Maria) [CPDC]. Colombia: 1 worker, Guaviare, R. Nukak, Cr. Moyano, Cano Cucuy. Ban 02��10'35"N 71��10'58'W, ii.1996, elev. 250 m, exc. humano (F Escobar) [IAvH]; 4 workers, Meta, PNN Sierra de la Macarena, Cabana Cerrillo, 3��21'N73��56'W, 21.xii.2002 to 4.i.2003, elev.460 m, Malaise trap, (A. Herrera and W Villalba) [IAvH]; 3 workers, Meta, PNN Sierra de la Macarena, Cano Curia, parcela, 3��21'N73��56'W, 9-24.ix.2003, elev. 460 m, Malaise trap, (W. Villalba) [IAvH]; 9 workers, Meta, La Macarena, 10.i. 1977, in a tree (C. Kugler) [IAvH]; 3 workers, Meta, Fundacion Yamato, Rio Meta, Cano MitiMiti, 1.iv.1997 (J Madrid) [IAvH]; 3 workers, Meta, PNN Tinigua, Cano Nevera, 02��11'N73��48'W, 23.xi.2002 to 7.i.2003, elev. 390 m, Malaise trap (C. Sanchez) [IAvH]; 1 worker, Meta, PNN Tinigua, Vda. Bajo, 02��16'N73��48'W, 12.xi.2002 to 5.i.2003, elev. 460 m, Malaise trap (C. Sanchez) [IAvH]; 2 workers, Meta, Villavicencio, iii.1984 (N. Ruiz) [USNM]; 1 worker, Vichada, Cumaribo, Cgto. Santa Rita, PNN El Tuparro, 05��19' 54"N67��53'27"W, 10.ii.2004, elev. 135 m, mata de monte, hand collecting (I. Quintero) [IAvH]. Ecuador: 6 workers, Napo, Prov. Limoncocha, 10.vi.1977 (D.L.Vincent) [USNM]; 1 worker, Prov. Sucumbios, Garza Cocha-Anyagu, 175 Km ESE Coca, 25.ii-2.iii.1994, (P.J. Devries) [MCZC]. French Guiana: 2 workers, Les Nouragues, iii.2006 (A. Delean) [CPDC]; 2 workers, Paracou, Lisiere de Foret, xi.1996 (B. Corbara et al.) [CPDC]; 3 workers, Petit Sant Basse Vie, vi-vii.2000 (S. Durou et al.) [CPDC]. Guyana: 1 worker, Iwokrama, Island in Essequibo River, 4�� 43.890'N58�� 50.992'W, 10.iv.1996, elev. ~60 m, hand collecting, 1�� forest, tree, (T.R. Schultz and U.G. Mueller) [USNM]; 1 worker, Rupununi, Upper-Essequibo River, Kwatata, 3�� 38.192'N59�� 27.217'W, 25.x.2002, elev. 115 m, hand collecting, bush island, (T.R. Schultz) [USNM]. Peru: 1 worker, Loreto, Iquitos, 12 Km W, 16.ii.1984 (W. Mathis) [USNM]; 1 worker, Loreto, Explornapo Camp on Rio Sucusari, 2 Km upstream from Rio Napo, 160 Km NE Iquitos, 20.vii.1990 (Menke andAwertschenko) [USNM]; 5 workers, Loreto Region, 37 Km SSW of Iquitos, 04.049��S, 73.445��W, 28.viii.2004 (S. Yanoviak) [USNM]; 7 workers, Madre de Dios, 30 Km SW Puerto Maldonado, 7.ix.1982 (J.J. Anderson) [USNM]. Suriname: 1 worker, Temomairem Cosh Toemoeh Hoemak, 25.viii.1939 (Geijskes) [USNM]; 1 worker, Lely Mountains, 4��16'13"N 54��44'18'W, 28.x.2005 (J Sosa-Calvo) [USNM]. Trinidad: 6 workers, Cumuto Village, 10-16.iv.1961, semi-deciduous forest in the Aripo savanna, (E.O. Wilson) [MCZC]; 1 worker, 20.ii.1929, (J.G Myers) [USNM]. Venezuela: 3 workers, Orinoco Delta, i-ii.1935, (N.A. Weber) [MCZC]; 1 worker, Suapure, Caura River, 2.iv.1900, (E.A. Klages) [MCZC]; 3 workers, T.F. Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Basecamp, 0��50'N 66��9'44'W, 140 m., 1-10.iii.1984 (Davis and McCabe) [USNM]. Worker variation. Most of the within-species morphological variation in D. armigerum workers is manifested in the form of the promesonotum and, to a lesser degree, in the forms of the petiole, postpetiole, and gaster. This variation includes: (i) Lateral spines bifurcate, the posterior spine projecting upwards and curving at the tip in major workers, whereas in small or median workers this spine not curving at the tip. In small workers the posterior spine is very short, almost vestigial when viewed in profile, but conspicuous in dorsal view. (ii) Short, simple, and appressed hairs present on the first gastral tergite in some individuals from Brazil and Peru. On other workers, hairs on the first gastral segment are absent. (iii) Humeral spines, in smaller workers, vestigial or present as very low carinae. Median and larger-sized workers with humeral tubercles that are spinose or acute. (iv) The posterior pair of petiolar tubercles reduced, rounded and low in smaller workers, whereas tubercles acute in larger workers. (v) Large workers with posterior promesonotal tubercles truncate and flattened in profile. (vi) Anterior spines of petiole long and diverging with intervening space concave or with intervening space discontinuous. Anterior spines of petiole in smaller workers shorter than in other castes., Published as part of Azorsa, F. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2008, Description of a remarkable new species of ant in the genus Daceton Perty (Formicidae: Dacetini) from South America., pp. 27-38 in Zootaxa 1749 on pages 30-32

3. Pyramica aschnakiranae Makhan, 2007: 3, figs 5, 6. Holotype and paratype workers, SURINAME: Kasikasima, 27.iii.1996 (D. Makhan) [not in USPS]. New junior synonym of Pyramica denticulata (Mayr, 1887). Comment. The characteristic morphology of this species can be discerned even in the poor quality photographs provided. It is Pyramica denticulata, one of the commonest and most widespread of Neotropical long-mandibulate Pyramica species. Bolton (2000) points out the variation in teeth count present in this species, variation obviously omitted by Makhan (2007), who described them as two species due to number of teeth in the inner margin of the mandibles. This species is already known from Suriname (Dirkshoop, Sidoredjo, Tambahredjo, Maripaheuvel near Dam on Sara Creek, Lely and Nassau Plateaus [eastern Suriname], and Nickerie District) and all other countries that surround it. Recently, this species was reported for Central America. References: Brown (1960, 1962); Kempf (1961); LaPolla et al. (2007); Lattke & Goitia (1997); Bolton (2000); Fernandez & Sendoya (2004); Sosa-Calvo et al. (2006); Sosa-Calvo (2007); Sosa-Calvo (unpublished)., Published as part of Bolton, B., Sosa-Calvo, J., Fern�� �� ndez, F. & Lattke, J. E., 2008, New synonyms in neotropical Myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 61-64 in Zootaxa 1732 on pages 61-64

R. foreli (figs. 4 & 15): this species has a disjunct distribution: the southwestern United States, Costa Rica, Panama, northern South America, and the Caribbean. There are no known localities in Guyana, but it is widespread in the northern Neotropics. Specimens have been collected from Berlese samples of leaf litter and rotten wood. In southeastern Arizona, specimens have been found under stones in oak-juniper woodland., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 66

R. tsumani * (figs. 11 & 22): known only from the type locality in Guyana. See text for details of natural history., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 67

R. scobinata* (figs. 10 & 21): this species ranges throughout much of tropical South America. In Guyana it was collected in Mabura Hill, 5�� 09.313'N, 58�� 41.982'W, elev. 64 m. Specimens have been collected from Berlese and Winkler samples of leaf litter and rotten wood in tropical forest below 1000 m elevation., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 67

R. micromma * (figs. 7 & 18): this species was previously known only from several localities in Suriname. In Guyana it was collected in a lowland rainforest dominated by Chlorocardium (Lauraceae) trees (Mabura Hill, 5�� 09.313'N, 58�� 41.982'W, elev. 64 m.). The natural history of this species remains still unknown., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on pages 66-67

R. prominula * (figs. 9 & 20): known from its type locality: Manaus, Brazil. In Guyana this species is now known from Oronoque River (from N.A. Weber collection made in 1936). The natural history of this species remains unknown., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 67

R. blanda (figs. 2 & 13): known from Costa Rica to Southern Brazil. This species ranges from 50 m to 1000 m elevation. In Guyana known from Oko River (from Kugler 1994). In Costa Rica nests were found in the trunks of cacao tree, while in Peru a nest was found in a small rotten log that was suspended about 50 cm above the ground., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 66

R. procera (figs. 8 & 19): known from Guyana and Brazil. In Guyana this species has been collected in Oronoque River (from Kugler 1994). Nothing is known of the natural history of this species., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 67

R. lirata (figs. 6 & 17): this species is widespread throughout tropical South America. In Guyana this species was collected in winkler samples of leaf litter in Iwokrama Forest Reserve, Whitewater Camp, 4�� 43.890'N, 58�� 50.992'W, elev. 60 m; Mabura Hill, 5�� 09.313'N, 58�� 41.982'W, elev. 64 m; Mazaruni River Forest Settlement (from Kugler 1994)., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 66

Rogeria alzatei (figs. 1 & 12): known from Panama (type locality, Barro Colorado Island) to Paraguay, from Western Andes in Colombia to Eastern coast of Brazil. Also has been collected in Dominican Republic. In Guyana known from Oronoque River (Kugler 1994). Specimens have been collected outside of Guyana from Berlese and Winkler samples in moist forests to 1000 m., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 66

Key to Rogeria known from Guyana 1 Hairs on mesosomal dorsum entirely appressed, or consisting of a mixture of mostly appressed and a few decumbent hairs.......................................................................... 2 - Mesosomal dorsum bearing some erect hairs; appressed to suberect hairs may also be present........................................................................................................................... 4 2 Body of clypeus not greatly projecting over clypeal apron (figs. 4 & 11); color brown to shiny dark brown....................................................................................................... 3 - In lateral view, body of clypeus greatly projecting over clypeal apron (fig. 20); color dull brown............................................................................... prominula (figs. 9 & 20) 3 Smaller species (TL: 1.9 mm-2.9 mm); light brown to brown and dull................................................................................................................................... foreli (figs. 4 & 15) - Larger species (TL: 3.75 mm-3.88 mm); dark brown and shiny....... tsumani (figs. 11 & 22) 4 In lateral view, petiolar node low and curving gradually into anterior peduncle (figs. 13 & 19)........................................................................................................................5 - In lateral view, petiolar node tall and more sharply differentiated from anterior peduncle, node rounded, subquadrate, or squamiform (figs. 12, 14, 16, 17, 18 & 21)........... 6 5 Dorsum of head rugoreticulate; area behind eyes rugoreticulate; reddish-brown................................................................................................................. blanda (figs. 2 & 13) - Dorsum of head with distinct longitudinal carinulae; area behind eyes smooth and shiny; dark brown......................................................................... procera (figs. 8 & 19) 6 Head surface uniformly rugoreticulate and/or areolate, no intervening shiny areas; hairs appressed to erect on head.................................................................................... 7 - Head surface relatively smooth, only vaguely rugoreticulate or areolate, with intervening shiny areas; hairs appressed on head............................... curvipubens (figs. 3 & 14) Posterior portion of head rugoreticulate........................................................................8 Posterior portion of head distinctly areolate........................... innotabilis (figs. 5 & 16) Dorsal surfaces of head, mesosoma, and metasoma with sparse appressed and/or erect hairs...............................................................................................................................9 - Dorsal surfaces of head, mesosoma, and metasoma with a dense covering of erect hairs................................................................................................. lirata (figs. 6 & 17) 9 Lateral surface of mesosoma with distinct rugae; reddish-yellow..............................10 - Lateral surface of mesosoma without rugae, surface areolate; dull yellow..................................................................................................................... micromma (figs. 7 & 18) 10 Head largely with decumbent to appressed hairs; propodeal spines at roughly right angles relative to longitudinal axis of the mesosoma....................... alzatei (fig. 1 & 12) - Head largely with short erect hairs; propodeal spines nearly parallel to longitudinal axis of the mesosoma.............................................................. scobinata (figs. 10 & 21)

Rogeria tsumani, NEW SPECIES Holotype worker, GUYANA: Oronoque River just above juncture with New River, 29 July 1936 [coordinates determined by JSL: 2�� 45'00" N57�� 26'00" W], coll. N.A. Weber.Paratype worker same locality as holotype.Holotype in USNM, paratype in MCZC. Diagnosis (worker): mesosoma smooth and shiny, with scattered short appressed hairs; propodeal spines long, slightly inclined posterad; petiole pedunculate and with a distinct node, convex in lateral view. Description (worker). Head: subquadrate in dorsal view; dorsolateral surface of head with widely spaced punctures, smooth and shiny in between; dorsomedian surface of head weakly longitudinally carinulate; nuchal grooves very shallow, not visible in lateral view; mandibles triangular; inner margin with 5 teeth, apical tooth largest; clypeal apron with shallow median depression. Mesosoma: promesonotum faintly longitudinally carinulate; promesonotal suture weakly marked; mesopleural suture incomplete; anepisternum and metapleuron weakly rugose; katepisternum smooth and shiny; dorsum of propodeum transversely rugose; propodeal spines long (SpL= 0.20-0.22) and slightly inclined posterad. Metasoma: petiole pedunculate, weakly rugulose, becoming smooth ventrally; petiolar ventral process smooth and shiny with a short anterior keel; postpetiole node tall, smooth and shiny; postpetiolar ventral margin rugose, with a short anterior keel. Body with scattered short, appressed hairs. Overall body color reddish-dark brown, with propodeum darker brown, and light brown legs. Queen and male unknown. Measurement: holotype and paratype (N= 2): TL= 3.75-3.88, HL= 0.86-0.88, HW= 0.69-0.72, ML= 0.39-0.41, SL= 0.52-0.55, EL= 0.12-0.15, PW= 0.55-0.55, WL= 0.95-0.97, SpL= 0.20-0.22, PL= 0.44-0.48, FLW= 0.23-0.25, PPL= 0.22-0.23, GL= 0.89-0.89, CI= 80-82, OI= 17-22, SI= 60-76, PSI= 21-23. Etymology: Named in honor of Dr. Ted Suman, Research Associate at the National Museum of Natural History. Without Ted's hard work and dedication to the Guyana Ant Project much of the research being conducted on the Guyana ant fauna would not be possible. Natural history: The two known specimens of R. tsumani were collected from a rotten branch that fell off a tree from about 30 meters height as Weber was walking through the forest (N.A. Weber, field notes, in MCZC archives). Weber reported looking through the rotting branch for the Rogeria nest, but he could not locate it. Rogeria tsumani is probably a canopy-dwelling species. While many Rogeria species are thought to nest in leaf litter and rotting wood on the ground, there is evidence that several species are arboreal or at least partly arboreal. Two species, R. blanda and R. tonduzi, have been taken from the trunks of cacao trees (Kugler 1994), and Longino reported R. blanda nesting in a standing dead tree trunk from La Selva, Costa Rica (Longino, 19 August 2005, http:// www.evergreen.edu/ants/genera/Rogeria/SPECIES/blanda/blanda.html). The trunk was small and broken off at the top, with very soft rotten wood. In addition, R. belti, R. foreli, R. scandens, and R. terescandens may possess arboreal habits. Comments: Only four species of Rogeria are known in which the mesosomal dorsum bears only appressed hairs: R. bruchi, R. foreli, R. prominula, and R. tsumani. Both R. bruchi and R. foreli possess a much more erect and distinct petiolar node compared to R. tsumani, and the propodeal spines of R. bruchi and R. foreli are at roughly right angles to the longitudinal axis of the mesosoma. In R. tsumani, in contrast, the propodeal spines are roughly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mesosoma. Rogeria prominula has a unique propodeal shape (fig. 20) and a rugoreticulate head and mesosoma. In Kugler's (1994) key, R. tsumani would key to R. bruchi. Rogeria tsumani is a larger species (TL 3.7-3.9 in R. tsumani vs. 2.2-2.6 in R. bruchi) with smaller eyes and darker brown coloration. Kugler (1994) constructed six informal species-groups. While he placed the majority of species into these species-groups, there was still a substantial number that he could not reliably place. Rogeria tsumani similarly fails to fall neatly into a species group., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on pages 61-65

R. innotabilis * (figs. 5 & 16): known from Mexico to northern Colombia. In Guyana known from Iwokrama Forest Reserve, Whitewater Camp, 4�� 43.890'N, 58�� 50.992'W, elev. 60 m; Base Camp, Mount Ayanganna, 5�� 20.063'N, 59�� 55.486'W, elev. 732 m. This species has been collected in leaf litter., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 66

R. curvipubens (figs. 3 & 14): known from some caribbean islands and inland from Mexico to Suriname. No known localities in Guyana, but it is known from Suriname (Tambahredjo; Sidoredjo; Dirkshoop; and La Poulle from Kugler 1994). This species has been collected from Berlese samples in tropical rain forest, successional forest, and dry tropical forest, below 500 m elevation., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 66

[[Genus Rogeria]] The rarely collected myrmicine ant genus Rogeria has a disjunct distribution, with 36 species previously known to occur in the New World and 3 species that are known from the Australasian region (Kugler 1994). Rogeria ants are cryptic in habit and specimens are primarily collected from leaf litter and rotten wood, usually through Berlese or Winkler sampling. Not much is known about their biology, except that nests have been taken in rotting logs, under rocks, and from the trunks of cacao trees (Kugler 1994). Despite a recent revision of the genus by Kugler (1994), new species are still being discovered. Recent survey work in Guyana revealed a number of new records of Rogeria species for the country, along with the discovery of a new species collected by Neal Weber in 1936. Here we describe this new species and provide a review of the genus in Guyana.

[[Genus Rogeria]] The rarely collected myrmicine ant genus Rogeria has a disjunct distribution, with 36 species previously known to occur in the New World and 3 species that are known from the Australasian region (Kugler 1994). Rogeria ants are cryptic in habit and specimens are primarily collected from leaf litter and rotten wood, usually through Berlese or Winkler sampling. Not much is known about their biology, except that nests have been taken in rotting logs, under rocks, and from the trunks of cacao trees (Kugler 1994). Despite a recent revision of the genus by Kugler (1994), new species are still being discovered. Recent survey work in Guyana revealed a number of new records of Rogeria species for the country, along with the discovery of a new species collected by Neal Weber in 1936. Here we describe this new species and provide a review of the genus in Guyana., Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on page 59

Key to Rogeria known from Guyana 1 Hairs on mesosomal dorsum entirely appressed, or consisting of a mixture of mostly appressed and a few decumbent hairs.......................................................................... 2 - Mesosomal dorsum bearing some erect hairs; appressed to suberect hairs may also be present........................................................................................................................... 4 2 Body of clypeus not greatly projecting over clypeal apron (figs. 4 & 11); color brown to shiny dark brown....................................................................................................... 3 - In lateral view, body of clypeus greatly projecting over clypeal apron (fig. 20); color dull brown............................................................................... prominula (figs. 9 & 20) 3 Smaller species (TL: 1.9 mm-2.9 mm); light brown to brown and dull................................................................................................................................... foreli (figs. 4 & 15) - Larger species (TL: 3.75 mm-3.88 mm); dark brown and shiny....... tsumani (figs. 11 & 22) 4 In lateral view, petiolar node low and curving gradually into anterior peduncle (figs. 13 & 19)........................................................................................................................5 - In lateral view, petiolar node tall and more sharply differentiated from anterior peduncle, node rounded, subquadrate, or squamiform (figs. 12, 14, 16, 17, 18 & 21)........... 6 5 Dorsum of head rugoreticulate; area behind eyes rugoreticulate; reddish-brown................................................................................................................. blanda (figs. 2 & 13) - Dorsum of head with distinct longitudinal carinulae; area behind eyes smooth and shiny; dark brown......................................................................... procera (figs. 8 & 19) 6 Head surface uniformly rugoreticulate and/or areolate, no intervening shiny areas; hairs appressed to erect on head.................................................................................... 7 - Head surface relatively smooth, only vaguely rugoreticulate or areolate, with intervening shiny areas; hairs appressed on head............................... curvipubens (figs. 3 & 14) Posterior portion of head rugoreticulate........................................................................8 Posterior portion of head distinctly areolate........................... innotabilis (figs. 5 & 16) Dorsal surfaces of head, mesosoma, and metasoma with sparse appressed and/or erect hairs...............................................................................................................................9 - Dorsal surfaces of head, mesosoma, and metasoma with a dense covering of erect hairs................................................................................................. lirata (figs. 6 & 17) 9 Lateral surface of mesosoma with distinct rugae; reddish-yellow..............................10 - Lateral surface of mesosoma without rugae, surface areolate; dull yellow..................................................................................................................... micromma (figs. 7 & 18) 10 Head largely with decumbent to appressed hairs; propodeal spines at roughly right angles relative to longitudinal axis of the mesosoma....................... alzatei (fig. 1 & 12) - Head largely with short erect hairs; propodeal spines nearly parallel to longitudinal axis of the mesosoma.............................................................. scobinata (figs. 10 & 21), Published as part of LaPolla, J. S. & Sosa-Calvo, J., 2006, Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana., pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1330 on pages 67-68