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IntroductionSoybean is sensitive to light and temperature. Under the background of global asymmetric climate warming.MethodsThe increase of night temperature may have an important impact on soybean yield. In this study, three varieties with different level of protein were planted under 18°C and 28°C night temperatures for investigating the effects of high night temperatures on soybean yield formation and the dynamic changes of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) during the seed filling period (R5-R7).Results and discussionThe results indicated that high night temperatures resulted in smaller seed size, lower seed weight, and a reduced number of effective pods and seeds per plant, and thus, a significant reduction in yield per plant. Analysis of the seed composition variations showed carbohydrates were more substantially affected by high night temperature than protein and oil. We observed “carbon hunger” caused by high night temperature increased photosynthesis and sucrose accumulation in the leaves during the early stage of high night temperature treatment. With elongated treated time, the excessive carbon consumption led to the decrease of sucrose accumulation in soybean seeds. Transcriptome analysis of leaves after 7 days of treatment showed that the expression of most sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphatase genes decreased significantly under the high night temperature. Which could be another important reason for the decrease of sucrose. These findings provided a theoretical basis for enhancing the tolerance of soybean to high night temperature.

Oil-based drilling fluids are widely used in oil and gas exploration and development. Large amounts of oily drilling cuttings are produced in the drilling process, and improper treatment can cause serious secondary pollution. Chemical cleaning is commonly used to treat oily drilling cuttings. However, most degreasing agents are not environmentally friendly and can cause secondary pollution. Thus, the processing requirements of oily cuttings are difficult to meet. In this study, an environmentally friendly degreasing agent CYJ-1 that is biodegradable and can efficiently treat oily drilling cuttings was designed and prepared using optimized treatment agents and conditions, achieving an oil removal rate of 93.02%. In addition, a harmless degreasing formula utilizing this environmentally friendly degreasing agent was developed and had a remarkable oil removal effect on oily drilling cuttings. Transition state theory was applied to explain the degreasing effect of oily drilling cuttings for the first time, and the mechanism of action of the degreasing agent was analyzed in conjunction with the interfacial tension and potential energy. The formula was applied at two wells in the Xinjiang oilfield in China. It could achieve a high oil removal rate, which efficiently solved the pollution and resource recovery problems associated with oily drilling cuttings.

A survey of logo colours was conducted using UK’s FTSE-100 data from 1984 to 2007 and Japan’s Tokyo Stock Exchange Market data in 2005. The results show that blue, red, white and black are the most popular for both UK and Japanese logos. Nevertheless, a number of colours show different preferences in the two countries. For instance, although white was popular (19%) for the commercial sector “Oil & Gas” in the UK, it was never used as a logo colour in Japan for this sector. A visual assessment was conducted to investigate whether there was any links between logo colour and commercial sector. The experimental results show that the colours that people might think of in association with specific commercial sectors may differ from the colours actually used in existing company logos.

Nowadays, most structural integrity concepts rely on simplified isotropic ma-terial data that are used within continuum mechanics modeling approaches. In contrast, modern casting and forming processes yield complex microstruc-tures coming along with pronounced gradients in the material's properties in various length scales. By means of additive manufacturing. bionics-inspired structures can be perfectly adapted to the space-resolved load distribution. Specific temperature control during solidification or heat treatment allow for usage of anisotropy and precipitation effects for materials optimization down to the atomic length scale. The present paper shows the significance and practical application of a three-dimensional correlation between the material's microstructure and its technical properties., Comment: in German

Acta materialia 139, 163-173 (2017). doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2017.08.005, Published by Elsevier Science, Amsterdam [u.a.]