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Babesiosis, caused by infection with intraerythrocytic parasites of the genus Babesia, is one of the most common infections of free-living animals worldwide, and it is gaining attention as an emerging human zoonosis. It is also a vector-borne disease with major public health implications. Three Babesia species, B. divergens, B. microti, and B. venatorum, are primarily responsible for zoonotic babesiosis in many parts of the world. Babesia divergens originated from bovines. Ticks of the genus Ixodes are the primary vectors of babesiosis, and their geographical distribution determines the prevalence of the pathogens involved. Worryingly, the geographical range of Ixodes ticks is expanding as a result of climate change. Ixodes ticks are also vector of Borrelia burgdorferi. the main vector species of Ixodes are I. ricinus, I. scapularis, and I. persulcatus. Babesiosis is transmitted to humans through infected tick bites, but it can also be transmitted through blood transfusion and transplacental transfer from mothers. Human babesiosis symptoms include headache, fatigue, loss of appetite, fever, chills, nausea, and shortness of breath, with the elderly at a higher risk of severe symptoms like hepatomegaly, kidney failure, hemolytic anaemia, splenomegaly, and splenic complications, which can lead to death. Blood smear examination is commonly practiced for diagnosis.

We investigate a bounce realization in the framework of higher order curvature in $ f(R,T) $ modified theory of gravity. We perform a detailed analysis of the cosmological parameters to explain the contraction phase, the bounce phase, and the expansion phase. Furthermore, we observe a violation of the null energy condition, instability of the model, and a singularity upon deceleration at the bouncing point, which are the supporting results for a bouncing cosmology. The outcome of the slow roll parameters is satisfactory to understand the inflation era and the equation of state parameter exhibits a ghost condensate behavior of the model near the bounce. Additionally, we discuss the stability of the model using linear perturbations in the Hubble parameter as well as the energy density., 15 pages, 16 figures

Nutraceuticals are the combination of Nutrition and Pharmaceuticals and refer to the ‘food’ possessing pharmaceutical properties. They are classified into traditional (herbals, phytochemicals, probiotic, prebiotic) and non-traditional (fortified and recombinant) categories; nutraceuticals are mainly intended for preventing and treating diseases. Nutraceuticals possess several therapeutic activities, which can be exploited to treat disorders like cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer, inflammations, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Nutraceuticals are mainly obtained from natural sources, hence they are comparatively safer and cheaper alternatives than pharmaceuticals, which leads to tremendous growth and flourishing markets for these kind of products. The main objective of this review is to determine the advancement made in the field of nutraceuticals and their potential as pharmaceutical alternatives. This article focuses on the present and past market scenario of nutraceuticals, their therapeutic effects and advantages over pharmaceuticals products. Secondly, with the advancement of novel drug delivery systems, the drawbacks of nutraceuticals have been resolved, and efficacy has been improved, which resulted in gaining the interests of scientists and researchers in this field for further improvement. Thus, we can expect the lucrative market of nutraceuticals in the upcoming days. It is clear that nutraceuticals have great potential to replace pharmaceuticals and serve the wellbeing of mankind.

We investigate a flat FLRW-model in $f(R,T)$-gravity, which includes the quadratic variation in scalar curvature $R$ and the linear term of the trace of the stress-energy tensor $T$. In turn, we establish the model has the behaviour of the late time Universe, which is accelerated expanding and ends up in a big rip. Using the parametrization of scale factor $a(t)$, we propose a model, which begins with point-type singularity, i.e., the model starts with a point of zero volume, infinite energy density and infinite temperature. The model's behaviour is accelerated expanding at present and $\Lambda$CDM in late times. Finally, the proposed model behaves like a quintessence dark energy model in the present time and is consistent with standard cosmology $\Lambda$CDM in late times., Comment: 15 pages, 20 figures

Medium-voltage back-to-back (MVB2B) converters can connect two distribution systems and quantifiably transfer power between them. This function can enable the MVB2B converter to exchange distributed energy resource (DER)-generated power between two systems and bring significant value to enhancing distribution system DER adoption. Our previous work analyzed and demonstrated the value the MVB2B converter can bring to DER integration. As continuous work, this paper presents a methodology that helps address the MVB2B converter sizing and location selection problem in distribution systems with high DER penetrations. The proposed methodology aims to address three critical problems for MVB2B converter implementation in the real world: 1) which distribution systems are better to be connected, 2) what converter size is appropriate for connecting the distribution systems, and 3) where the optimal connection points are in the systems for connecting the MVB2B converter. The proposed methodology has been demonstrated by case studies that include various scenarios involving distribution systems with different dominated load types and high photovoltaic penetrations.

The homogeneous and isotropic cosmological model in generalized $ f(R,T^ϕ) $ theories associated with scalar field is discussed, which is motivated by the $ f(R,T) $ theory of gravity studied by Harko et al. \cite{Harko:2011kv, Harko:2014pqa}. The $ f(R,T^ϕ) $ gravity can be explained as $ f(R,T) $ gravity with a self-interacting scalar field $ ϕ$, where $ T^ϕ$ is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. The parametrization of Hubble parameter $ H(t) $ is taken as $ α-βe^{-γt} $, where $ α$, $β$ and $γ$ are arbitrary constants such that $ α, γ>0 $ and $ β, 12 pages, 13 figures

Synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) has been done by sol-gel-hydrothermal colloidal route in two different apparatus; one being simple stainless steel (named as TiO2-B) and other being at constant temperature and pressure autoclave (named as TiO2-W). These TiO2 NPs were investigated by various characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and photoluminescence spectrophotometer. Also, it was observed that the quality of the synthesized TiO2-W NPs is comparable with the commercial TiO2 NPs (TiO2-C), whereas the cost of synthesis is almost reduced to half. The synthesized TiO2 NPs are used as the photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). DSSC with TiO2-W showed better power conversion efficiency as compared to DSSC with TiO2-B.