70 results on '"Shu-Yuan Liu"'
Search Results
2. Comparing Subjective Similarity of Automated Driving Styles to Objective Distance-Based Similarity
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Amudha V. Kamaraj, Joonbum Lee, Joshua E. Domeyer, Shu-Yuan Liu, and John D. Lee
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Behavioral Neuroscience ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
Objective This study explores subjective and objective driving style similarity to identify how similarity can be used to develop driver-compatible vehicle automation. Background Similarity in the ways that interaction partners perform tasks can be measured subjectively, through questionnaires, or objectively by characterizing each agent’s actions. Although subjective measures have advantages in prediction, objective measures are more useful when operationalizing interventions based on these measures. Showing how objective and subjective similarity are related is therefore prudent for aligning future machine performance with human preferences. Methods A driving simulator study was conducted with stop-and-go scenarios. Participants experienced conservative, moderate, and aggressive automated driving styles and rated the similarity between their own driving style and that of the automation. Objective similarity between the manual and automated driving speed profiles was calculated using three distance measures: dynamic time warping, Euclidean distance, and time alignment measure. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine how different components of the stopping profile and the three objective similarity measures predicted subjective similarity. Results Objective similarity using Euclidean distance best predicted subjective similarity. However, this was only observed for participants’ approach to the intersection and not their departure. Conclusion Developing driving styles that drivers perceive to be similar to their own is an important step toward driver-compatible automation. In determining what constitutes similarity, it is important to (a) use measures that reflect the driver’s perception of similarity, and (b) understand what elements of the driving style govern subjective similarity. more...
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- 2023
Catalog
3. The Future of Expertise: From Stepwise Domain Upskilling to Multifaceted Mastery
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King Wang Poon, Thijs Willems, and William Shu Yuan Liu
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- 2023
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4. Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride with g-C3N4/Ag/AgBr composites
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Jiahe Song, Kun Zhao, Xiangbin Yin, Ying Liu, Iltaf Khan, and Shu-Yuan Liu
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General Chemistry - Abstract
Graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4), as a polymer semiconductor photocatalyst, is widely used in the treatment of photocatalytic environmental pollution. In this work, a Z-scheme g-C3N4/Ag/AgBr heterojunction photocatalyst was prepared based on the preparation of a g-C3N4-based heterojunction via in-situ loading through photoreduction method. The g-C3N4/Ag/AgBr composite showed an excellent photocatalytic performance in the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride pollutants. Among the prepared samples, g-C3N4/Ag/AgBr-8% showed the best photocatalytic ability for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride, whose photocatalytic degradation kinetic constant was 0.02764 min−1, which was 9.8 times that of g-C3N4, 2.4 times that of AgBr, and 1.9 times that of Ag/AgBr. In the photocatalytic process, •O2– and •OH are main active oxygen species involved in the degradation of organic pollutants. The photocatalytic mechanism of g-C3N4/Ag/AgBr is mainly through the formation of Z-scheme heterojunctions, which not only effectively improves the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, but also maintains the oxidation and reduction capability of AgBr and g-C3N4, respectively. more...
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- 2022
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5. Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride with g-C
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Jiahe, Song, Kun, Zhao, Xiangbin, Yin, Ying, Liu, Iltaf, Khan, and Shu-Yuan, Liu
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Graphite carbon nitride (g-C
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- 2022
6. Acquired heat acclimation in rats subjected to physical exercise under environmental heat stress alleviates brain injury caused by exertional heat stroke
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Xin Li, Fan Xv, Li Zhen Ma, Ling Xing, Jin Bao Zhao, Wei Jia Zhi, Li Feng Wang, Yang Wang, Han Ding Mao, Shu Yuan Liu, Ya Hua Liu, and Qing Song
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General Neuroscience ,Neurology (clinical) ,Molecular Biology ,Developmental Biology - Published
- 2023
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7. Association Between Early Stage-Related Factors and Mortality in Patients with Exertional Heat Stroke: A Retrospective Study of 214 Cases
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Wang Qian, Qinghua Li, Tianyu Xin, Jin-Bao Zhao, Xin Li, Shu-Yuan Liu, Ling Xing, Yixin Li, Ye Tao, Cong Li, Bo Ning, Qing Song, Yan Dou, Han-Ding Mao, and Zhang Wei
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Medicine (General) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,cooling ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Organ dysfunction ,International Journal of General Medicine ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Logistic regression ,mortality ,R5-920 ,heat stroke ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,In patient ,medicine.symptom ,Stage (cooking) ,exertional ,business ,Stroke ,Original Research - Abstract
Shuyuan Liu,1,2,* Ling Xing,1,3,* Qian Wang,4 Tianyu Xin,2 Handing Mao,1 Ye Tao,5 Jinbao Zhao,2 Xin Li,4 Cong Li,1 Qinghua Li,6 Yan Dou,7 Yixin Li,8 Wei Zhang,9 Bo Ning,10 Qing Song1 1Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Emergency Department, Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Department of Emergency, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Emergency Department, Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 5Health Care Department, Beijing Huangsi Aesthetic Surgery Hospital, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 6Department of Intensive Care Unit, The 990th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Zhumadian, Peopleâs Republic of China; 7Department of Intensive Care Unit, The 909th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Zhangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 8Department of Intensive Care Unit, The 910th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Quanzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 9Emergency Department, The 900th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Fuzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 10Department of Intensive Care Unit, Air Force Medical Center of China, Beijing, Peopleâs Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bo NingDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, Air Force Medical Center of China, Beijing, 100142, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaTel +86 15611161110Fax +86 1068410099Email boningbn@163.comQing SongMedical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaTel +86 13911374534Fax +86 1068182255Email songqing_sq87@163.comObjective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors involved in the early stage of exertional heat stroke (EHS) that are associated with mortality.Methods: In this retrospective, case-control study, patients from 11 tertiary medical centers in China were enrolled from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019. Demographic information, underlying diseases, ambient temperature, and relative humidity, clinical manifestations, initial body temperature, time from onset to diagnosis of EHS (including suspected), and the duration of body temperature > 38°C of all enrolled patients were recorded. The occurrence of organ dysfunction within 72 h was evaluated, and in-hospital deaths were recorded. The patients were subsequently divided into a survival group and a non-survival group. The âcaseâ refers to patients in the non-survival group, while the âcontrolâ refers to patients without death.Results: Of the 214 hospitalized patients with EHS, 183 survived and 31 died, and the overall mortality was 14.49% (31/214). A binary logistic regression showed that only the duration of body temperature > 38°C (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.34â 2.42) and the number of organs damaged within 72 h of onset (OR 6.54, 95% CI 2.31â 18.56) were statistically significant in terms of risk of death in hospital (p < 0.05). A goodness of fit test produced a p-value of 0.76. According to receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.989 (95% CI 0.978â 1.000; p < 0.05) and 0.936 (95% CI 0.896â 0.976; p < 0.05).Conclusion: Of the various factors involved in the early stage of the disease, the duration of high body temperature and the number of organs damaged within 72 h of onset were independent risk factors and predictors associated with death.Keywords: heat stroke, exertional, cooling, mortality more...
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- 2021
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8. Exertional rhabdomyolysis in newly enrolled cadets of a military academy
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Xin Li, Shu-Yuan Liu, Hai-Long Sun, Zhi-Jun Tan, Qing Song, Jin-Bao Zhao, Ling Xing, and Han-Ding Mao
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Physiology ,Physical Exertion ,Physical exercise ,030105 genetics & heredity ,Overweight ,Rhabdomyolysis ,Body Mass Index ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,Medicine ,Exercise ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Adaptation, Physiological ,Confidence interval ,Hypokalemia ,Military Personnel ,Exertional rhabdomyolysis ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Body mass index ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Introduction/aims Exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) often occurs during prolonged intense exercise in hot environments, posing a threat to the health of military personnel. In this study we aimed to investigate possible risk factors for ER and provide further empirical data for prevention and clinical treatment strategies. Methods A retrospective investigation of 116 concurrent ER cases was conducted. Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between each potential risk (or protective) factor and ER. The clinical characteristics of the 71 hospitalized patients were analyzed descriptively. Results After screening, the following variables significantly increased the risk of ER: shorter length of service (recruits; odds ratios [OR], 7.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.58-21.75); higher body mass index (BMI; OR, 1.14, 95% CI, 1.03-1.26); lack of physical exercise in the last half year (less than once per month; OR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.08-9.44); and previous heat injury (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.26-6.89). Frequent fruit consumption (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.33-0.99), active hydration habit (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.20-0.67), water replenishment of more than 2 L on the training day (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.05-0.45), and water replenishment of at least 500 mL within 1 hour before training (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12-0.88) significantly decreased the risk of ER. Of the 71 hospitalized patients, 41 (57.7%) were diagnosed with hypokalemia on admission. Discussion In military training, emphasis should be placed on incremental adaptation training before more intense training, and close attention should be given to overweight and previously sedentary recruits. Fluid replenishment before exercise, increased fruit intake, and proper potassium supplementation may help prevent ER. more...
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- 2021
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9. NiFe
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Shu-Yuan, Liu, Amir, Zada, Xinyuan, Yu, Fanzhe, Liu, and Ge, Jin
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Light ,Escherichia coli ,Environmental Pollutants ,Tetracycline ,Catalysis ,Anti-Bacterial Agents - Abstract
In this work, NiFe
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- 2022
10. Graphitic carbon nitride, a polymer photocatalyst
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Kezhen Qi, Shu-yuan Liu, and Amir Zada
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Materials science ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Graphitic carbon nitride ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical energy ,Semiconductor ,chemistry ,Excited state ,Photocatalysis ,Optoelectronics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Electronic band structure ,Visible spectrum - Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is an excellent polymer photocatalyst to revolutionize the semiconductor field and deprive solar photons from their energies for conversion into chemical energy resulting in degradation of a number of hazardous organic pollutants into harmless compounds. g-C3N4 has fortified its applications in the field of photocatalysis due to its unique nature including high chemical stability, non-toxic and suitable position of energy band. However, its relatively low visible light absorption, quick recombination of excited charges and low surface area have over shaded its full-fledged efficiency in the above mentioned fields. In this review, we have highlighted its advantages and applications in the field of photocatalysis and provided an updated discussion on the different ways to improve its efficiency, especially its visible light absorption and excited charge separation. more...
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- 2020
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11. Transition metal doped ZnO nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial performances: Experimental and DFT studies
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Kezhen Qi, Huaxiang Lin, Mengyu Li, Amir Zada, Shu-yuan Liu, Xiaohan Xing, Qing Wang, and Guangzhao Wang
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Dopant ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Doping ,Nanoparticle ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Nanomaterials ,Chemical engineering ,Transition metal ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Photocatalysis ,0210 nano-technology ,Photodegradation ,Wurtzite crystal structure - Abstract
Transition metal doped ZnO (TM-ZnO) nanoparticles with 3% dopant content are successfully prepared via a simple solvothermal route. This work highlights Mn, Fe, Co, Ni or Cu ions as the dopant transition metals. The as-prepared samples are wurtzite phase ZnO crystals, and the average sizes of undoped ZnO and TM-ZnO nanoparticles range from 200 nm to 400 nm. XPS studies confirm that the transition metal ions are successfully doped into the crystal lattice of ZnO. The band gaps of the undoped ZnO and TM-ZnO crystals are calculated by using UV-DRS spectroscopic measurements. The visible light response of ZnO nanomaterials is improved by doping transition metal ions. For investigating the influence of transition metal doping on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO, the photodegradation rate of methylene blue (MB) is investigated under simulated sunlight irradiation. The photocatalytic properties of ZnO doped with transition metals are improved at different degrees, among which Cu-doped ZnO exhibits the best photocatalytic performance. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculation result, a possible photocatalytic mechanism is proposed. Furthermore, the antibacterial performance of Cu-doped ZnO is investigated by selecting E. coli, under simulated sunlight irradiation and remarkable sterilization of E. coli is achieved. more...
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- 2020
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12. Altered expression of DNA damage repair genes in the brain tissue of mice conceived by in vitro fertilization
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Ning Wang, Shu-Yuan Liu, Fang Le, Yiyun Lou, Hongping Li, Hangying Lou, Yuchan Mao, Minhao Hu, Liya Wang, Qijing Wang, Fan Jin, and Lejun Li
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Embryology ,DNA Repair ,Oocyte Retrieval ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Fertilization in Vitro ,Biology ,Andrology ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gene expression ,Genetics ,PMS2 ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,Embryonic Stem Cells ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Estradiol ,Brain ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Cell Biology ,DNA Methylation ,Embryo Transfer ,APEX1 ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Oxygen ,MSH6 ,Blastocyst ,DNA Repair Enzymes ,030104 developmental biology ,Reproductive Medicine ,MSH3 ,MSH2 ,DNA methylation ,Female ,DNA Damage ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Our previous study revealed a higher incidence of gene dynamic mutation in newborns conceived by IVF, highlighting that IVF may be disruptive to the DNA stability of IVF offspring. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The DNA damage repair system plays an essential role in gene dynamic mutation and neurodegenerative disease. To evaluate the long-term impact of IVF on DNA damage repair genes, we established an IVF mouse model and analyzed gene and protein expression levels of MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, MLH1, PMS2, OGG1, APEX1, XPA and RPA1 and also the amount of H2AX phosphorylation of serine 139 which is highly suggestive of DNA double-strand break (γH2AX expression level) in the brain tissue of IVF conceived mice and their DNA methylation status using quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting and pyrosequencing. Furthermore, we assessed the capacity of two specific non-physiological factors in IVF procedures during preimplantation development. The results demonstrated that the expression and methylation levels of some DNA damage repair genes in the brain tissue of IVF mice were significantly changed at 3 weeks, 10 weeks and 1.5 years of age, when compared with the in vivo control group. In support of mouse model findings, oxygen concentration of in vitro culture environment was shown to have the capacity to modulate gene expression and DNA methylation levels of some DNA damage repair genes. In summary, our study indicated that IVF could bring about long-term alterations of gene and protein expression and DNA methylation levels of some DNA damage repair genes in the brain tissue and these alterations might be resulted from the different oxygen concentration of culture environment, providing valuable perspectives to improve the safety and efficiency of IVF at early embryonic stage and also throughout different life stages. more...
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- 2020
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13. Photocatalytic H2 generation via CoP quantum-dot-modified g-C3N4 synthesized by electroless plating
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Shu-yuan Liu, Iltaf Khan, Kezhen Qi, and Wenxiu Lv
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Photocurrent ,Photoluminescence ,Materials science ,02 engineering and technology ,General Medicine ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Absorption edge ,Chemical engineering ,Photocatalysis ,engineering ,Noble metal ,0210 nano-technology ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Photocatalytic water splitting ,Hydrogen production - Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting is a promising method for hydrogen production. Numerous efficient photocatalysts have been synthesized and utilized. However, photocatalysts without a noble metal as the co-catalyst have been rarely reported. Herein, a CoP co-catalyst-modified graphitic-C3N4 (g-C3N4/CoP) is investigated for photocatalytic water splitting to produce H2. The g-C3N4/CoP composite is synthesized in two steps. The first step is related to thermal decomposition, and the second step involves an electroless plating technique. The photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reactions of g-C3N4 is distinctly increased by loading the appropriate amount of CoP quantum dots (QDs). Among the as-synthesized samples, the optimized one (g-C3N4/CoP-4%) shows exceptional photocatalytic activity as compared with pristine g-C3N4, generating H2 at a rate of 936 μ mol g−1 h−1, even higher than that of g-C3N4 with 4 wt% Pt (665 μmol g−1 h−1). The UV-visible and optical absorption behavior confirms that g-C3N4 has an absorption edge at 451 nm, but after being composited with CoP, g-C3N4/CoP-4% has an absorption edge at 497 nm. Furthermore, photoluminescence and photocurrent measurements confirm that loading CoP QDs to pristine g-C3N4 not only enhances the charge separation, but also improves the transfer of photogenerated e−-h+ pairs, thus improving the photocatalytic performance of the catalyst to generate H2. This work demonstrates a feasible strategy for the synthesis of highly efficient metal phosphide-loaded g-C3N4 for hydrogen generation. more...
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- 2020
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14. Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists versus SGLT-2 inhibitors in overweight/obese patients with or without diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
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Hong Ma, Yu-Hao Lin, Li-Zhen Dai, Chen-Shi Lin, Yanling Huang, and Shu-Yuan Liu
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General Medicine - Abstract
ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety between and within glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) in overweight or obese adults with or without diabetes mellitus.MethodsPubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) database were comprehensively searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of effects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is in overweight or obese participants from inception to Jan 16, 2022. The efficacy outcomes were the changes of body weight, glucose level and blood pressure. The safety outcomes were serious adverse events and discontinuation due to adverse events. The mean differences (MDs), odds ratios (ORs), 95% credible intervals (95% CI), the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) were evaluated for each outcome by network meta-analysis.ResultsSixty-one RCTs were included in our analysis. Both GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is conferred greater extents in body weight reduction, achieving at least 5% weight loss, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose decrease compared with placebo. GLP-1RAs was superior to SGLT-2is in HbA1c reduction (MD: -0.39%, 95% CI: -0.70 to -0.08). GLP-1RAs had high risk of adverse events, while SGLT-2is were relatively safe. Based on intraclass comparison, semaglutide 2.4mg was among the most effective interventions in losing body weight (MD: -11.51kg, 95% CI: -12.83 to -10.21), decreasing HbA1c (MD: -1.49%, 95% CI: -2.07 to -0.92) and fasting plasma glucose (MD: -2.15mmol/L, 95% CI: -2.83 to -1.59), reducing systolic blood pressure (MD: -4.89mmHg, 95% CI: -6.04 to -3.71) and diastolic blood pressure (MD: -1.59mmHg, 95% CI: -2.37 to -0.86) with moderate certainty evidences, while it was associated with high risk of adverse events.ConclusionsSemaglutide 2.4mg showed greatest effects on losing body weight, controlling glycemic level and reducing blood pressure while it was associated with high risk of adverse events.ARTICLE SUMMARYStrengths and limitations of this study▸The RoB 2.0 and GRADE methods were used to assess the risk of bias and evaluate the confidence in effect estimates.▸Study selection, data extraction, quality of study and evidence assessment were conducted independently by two authors and audited by the third author.▸The network meta-analysis was mostly based on indirect comparisons due to limited reported comparisons in available literatures.▸The small number of randomised controlled trials available in some comparisons. more...
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- 2023
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15. NiFe2O4/g-C3N4 heterostructure with an enhanced ability for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride and antibacterial performance
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Shu-yuan Liu, Amir Zada, Xinyuan Yu, Fanzhe Liu, and Ge Jin
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Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Pollution - Published
- 2022
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16. Passenger Emotional Response Type and Timing during Automated Vehicle Intersection Negotiation
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Josh Domeyer, John D. Lee, Areen Alsaid, and Shu-Yuan Liu
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Supervisor ,Operations research ,Computer science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,01 natural sciences ,Automation ,Medical Terminology ,010104 statistics & probability ,Negotiation ,Intersection ,Response type ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0101 mathematics ,business ,050107 human factors ,Medical Assisting and Transcription ,media_common - Abstract
Most automated vehicle studies have focused on limited automation where the role of the user is that of a driver, supervisor or fallback, but comparatively fewer have considered riders. If riders’ experiences are ignored, it could undermine the adoption of the technologies and, consequently, the realization of their anticipated benefits. A driving simulator study was conducted to evaluate the response of riders to intersection negotiation with conservative, moderate, or aggressive automated driving styles. Riders’ emotional responses—operationalized as changes in facial action units—were detected using video processing software. Results showed that changes in speed, acceleration, and jerk preceded changes in the facial action units and were associated with the magnitude of the change. The speed, acceleration, and jerk changes were represented in different automated driving styles that then affected the magnitude and timing of emotion response. Facial action units may provide a way to gauge riders’ emotional responses to vehicle control algorithms could be used to improve rider experiences. more...
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- 2019
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17. Microwave Assisted Synthesis of CdS Sub-microspheres for Degradation of Chlorophenols under Solar Light Irradiation
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Rengaraj Selvaraj, Kawther Al Ismail, Kezhen Qi, Shu-yuan Liu, and Faisal Al Marzouqi
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Materials science ,Band gap ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Microsphere ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Chemical engineering ,Solar light ,Photocatalysis ,Degradation (geology) ,Irradiation ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Stoichiometry - Abstract
CdS sub-microspheres were prepared by using microwave-assisted method in this work. The prepared CdS sub-microspheres were characterized by various analytical techniques. The XRD result revealed that the CdS samples have mixed phases of cubic and hexagonal crystal structure. UV-DRS measurement has been used to investigate the optical properties of CdS sub-microspheres, which indicate that they possess a band gap of 2.4 eV. XPS and EDS data proved the stoichiometry of CdS sub-microspheres. In addition, SEM images showed the morphology of the CdS sub-microspheres. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the prepared CdS sub-microspheres was examined by the degradation of toxic chlorophenols wastewater pollutants which are 2,4-DCP and 2,4,6-TCP. The CdS sub-microspheres exhibit an excellent photocatalytic performance in which they degrade around 70%, 90% of 2,4-DCP and 2,4,6-TCP within 240 min under the irradiation of solar light, respectively. more...
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- 2019
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18. A green approach to the microwave-assisted synthesis of flower-like ZnO nanostructures for reduction of Cr(VI)
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Rengaraj Selvaraj, Kezhen Qi, Faisal Al Marzouqi, Hanan Al Adawi, Younghun Kim, and Shu yuan Liu
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021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Nanostructure ,Materials science ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Flower like ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Oxide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Microwave assisted ,Reduction (complexity) ,Chromium ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Photocatalysis ,Environmental Chemistry ,Microwave ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Zinc oxide nanostructures with different morphologies were prepared via a microwave-assisted method and used as photocatalysts for reduction of chromium(VI) under ultraviolet-B illumination...
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- 2019
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19. Electroless plating Ni-P cocatalyst decorated g-C3N4 with enhanced photocatalytic water splitting for H2 generation
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Kezhen Qi, Yubo Xie, Ruidan Wang, Shu-yuan Liu, and Zhen Zhao
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Photocurrent ,Photoluminescence ,Materials science ,Thermal decomposition ,Composite number ,General Physics and Astronomy ,02 engineering and technology ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Urea ,Photocatalysis ,Water splitting ,0210 nano-technology ,Photocatalytic water splitting - Abstract
This work reports the nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) cocatalyst decorated graphitic C3N4 (g-C3N4/Ni-P) for photocatalytic water splitting to H2 generation. The g-C3N4/Ni-P composite is prepared through two steps, first step is thermal decomposition of urea to produce g-C3N4 and the second step is electroless plating to coast Ni-P on the g-C3N4 surface, resulting in the noticeable increase of the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4. Among these as-prepared samples reported in this work, the highest photocatalytic activity is detected at 3 wt% (g-C3N4/Ni-P-3%), in which H2 production rate is 1051 μmol g−1 h−1. However, higher than 3 wt% Pt modification the g-C3N4 generates only 841 μmol g−1 h−1 of H2, and almost no generation of H2 by pure g-C3N4 has been determined. Based on photoluminescence and photocurrent measurements, a photocatalytic mechanism for pure g-C3N4 and g-C3N4/Ni-P-3% has been suggested, that is, the loading of Ni-P NPs accelerates the separation of photogenerated e−-h+ pairs and relaying photogenrated e− via Ni-P particles to react with H2O, and thus improves photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4 for water splitting into H2 generation. more...
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- 2019
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20. Recyclable magnetic NiFe2O4/C yolk–shell nanospheres with excellent visible-light-Fenton degradation performance of tetracycline hydrochloride
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Hongfei Shi, Shu-Yuan Liu, Zhe Chen, Yuting Gao, Dawei Lou, and Dongzhao Mu
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Nanocomposite ,010405 organic chemistry ,Polyacrylic acid ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Tetracycline Hydrochloride ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,chemistry ,law ,Photocatalysis ,Calcination ,Photodegradation ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A photo-Fenton-like reaction was considered as an effective method for wastewater treatment because it could produce more oxidative species such as hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) to accelerate the reaction. In this paper, a NiFe2O4/C (abbr. as NFO/C) yolk-shell nanostructure was synthesized via one-step calcination using polyacrylic acid sodium salt (PAAS) NPs as a template. The nanocomposite was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption, among others. The magnetically separable nanocomposite exhibited a high activity and recyclability towards the photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). In addition, the factors affecting the photodegradation process were systematically investigated, including the dosage of the NiFe2O4/C catalyst, the pH of the solution, and the volume of H2O2. Notably, the degradation rate of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) reached 97.25% in 60 min in the presence of H2O2 under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm) with NiFe2O4/C. This work provides a simple and novel method to construct NiFe2O4/C yolk-shell nanostructures, which may be applied to the photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride from wastewater. Finally, a photocatalytic and stability mechanism is proposed, which may help us more comprehensively understand the photo-Fenton mechanism. more...
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- 2019
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21. Comparison of Pt and Ag as co-catalyst on g-C3N4 for improving photocatalytic activity: experimental and DFT studies
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Zhaoxiong Yan, Rengaraj Selvaraj, Kezhen Qi, Shu yuan Liu, and Wei Wang
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Materials science ,Inorganic chemistry ,Photocatalysis ,Water splitting ,Catalysis - Published
- 2019
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22. Retrospective analysis of 116 cases of exertional rhabdomyolysis in newly enrolled cadets of a military academy in Beijing
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Ling Xing, Shu-Yuan Liu, Jin-Bao Zhao, Qing Song, Hai-Long Sun, Han-Ding Mao, Xin Li, and Zhi-Jun Tan
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Beijing ,business.industry ,Emergency medicine ,Exertional rhabdomyolysis ,Retrospective analysis ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease - Abstract
BackgroundExertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) often occurs during prolonged intense exercise in hot environments, posing a threat to the health and safety of military personnel.ObjectiveTo investigate possible risk factors of ER and provide further empirical data for prevention and clinical treatment strategies for ER.MethodsIn this study, a systematic retrospective investigation on 116 concurrent cases of ER was conducted. Demographic, clinical, and exercise-related data were collected from both ER cases and controls which were allotted by 1:3 proportion. Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the significance of the association between each potential risk (or protective) factors and ER.ResultsThe adjusted ER prediction model finally included the following variables that significantly increased (or decreased) the risk of acquiring ER: age (odds ratios [OR] 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]0.45–0.79), body mass index (BMI, OR 1.11, 95%CI 1.01–1.24), dark-colored urine after training (OR 2.98, 95%CI 1.58–5.64), frequent fruit consumption (OR 0.54, 95%CI 0.29–0.98), active hydrating habit (OR 0.31, 95%CI 1.58–5.64), water replenishment ≥ 2L on the training day (OR 0.18, 95%CI 0.06–0.54), water replenishment ≥ 500 ml within 1 hour before training (OR 0.32, 95%CI 0.11–0.90), lack of physical exercise in the last half-year (OR 3.23, 95%CI 1.34–7.80).ConclusionsIn military training, emphasis should be placed on incremental adaptation training prior to more intense training, and close attention should be paid to overweight and previously sedentary recruits. Fluid replenishment before exercise, increased fruit intake, and proper potassium supplementation may help to prevent ER. more...
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- 2020
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23. NiP/CuO composites: Electroless plating synthesis, antibiotic photodegradation and antibacterial properties
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Jiling Ru, Shu-yuan Liu, and Fanzhe Liu
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Environmental Engineering ,Photoluminescence ,Materials science ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Alloy ,Composite number ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,Hydrothermal circulation ,Catalysis ,Environmental Chemistry ,Composite material ,Photodegradation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Photocurrent ,Photolysis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Pollution ,020801 environmental engineering ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Photocatalysis ,engineering ,Antibacterial activity ,Copper - Abstract
This work reports a simple method to prepare nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) alloy modified CuO (Ni-P/CuO) composite, which shows excellent performance in terms of photodegradation antibiotics, particularly regarding the antibacterial properties. The Ni-P/CuO composites were prepared via two steps. The first step was to produce CuO by the hydrothermal method and the second step was to grow Ni-P in-situ on the surface of CuO through electroless plating. After loading of Ni-P, the photocatalytic activity of CuO for the decomposition of antibiotics is significantly increased under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of Ni-P/CuO with 4 wt% Ni-P loading is 25 times higher than that of CuO. Compared with CuO, the antibacterial activity of Ni-P/CuO with 4 wt% Ni-P loading against Escherichia coli is strongly increased. Based on the photoluminescence and photocurrent measurements of CuO and Ni-P/CuO, Ni-P cocatalyst improves the separation and transfer of the photogenerated charge in CuO, and enhances the photocatalytic activity of antibacterial performance. This work reveals that using Ni-P as the cocatalyst can strengthen the photocatalytic performance of CuO, which has great application potential in water purification and antibacterial treatments. more...
- Published
- 2020
24. The Relationship Between 24-Hour Indicators and Mortality in Patients with Exertional Heat Stroke
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Han-Ding Mao, Cong Li, Ling Xing, Jin-Bao Zhao, Qing Song, Shu-Yuan Liu, Tianyu Xin, and Jinpeng Wang
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medicine.medical_specialty ,APACHE II ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Heat Stroke ,Significant difference ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Organ damage ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,In patient ,Stage (cooking) ,business ,Stroke ,TBIL ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background: Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a life-threatening illness that can lead to multiple organ damage in the early stage. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between 24-hour indicators and mortality in patients with EHS. Methods: The records of EHS patients hospitalized were collected and divided into the death group and the survival group. We then analyzed the demographic characteristics and APACHE II scores and laboratory results of the participants in the blood within the first 24 h after hospitalization, and assessed whether these candidate indicators differed between the death group and the survival group. Cox regression analysis of the survival data was performed to explore the relationship between early indicators and prognosis. Results: The levels of plasma PT, APTT, TT, and INR were significantly higher in the death group than in the survival group. The blood PLT count and the levels of PTA and Fb were significantly lower in the death group than in the survival group, while the levels of BU, SCr, ALT, AST, TBil, and DBil were significantly higher in the death group than in the survival group. Furthermore, the levels of Mb, LDH, TNI, and NT-proBNP were significantly higher in the death group than in the survival group, while there was no significant difference in CK levels between the two groups. Conclusion: Patients with EHS often had multiple organ injuries in the early stage (within 24 h), while those cases in the death group were more severe. more...
- Published
- 2020
25. Accelerating Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production and Pollutant Degradation by Functionalizing g-C3N4 With SnO2
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Shu-yuan Liu, Amir Zada, Ruidan Wang, Muhammad Khan, and Muhammad Nasimullah Qureshi
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Materials science ,Photoluminescence ,hydrogen production ,Surface photovoltage ,Nanoparticle ,Environmental pollution ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,g-C3N4 ,Original Research ,Hydrogen production ,organic pollutant ,Graphitic carbon nitride ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Chemistry ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,chemistry ,Photocatalysis ,Water splitting ,0210 nano-technology ,photocatalysis ,SnO2 - Abstract
Energy crises and environmental pollution are two serious threats to modern society. To overcome these problems, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets were fabricated and functionalized with SnO2 nanoparticles to produce H2 from water splitting and degrade 2-chlorophenol under visible light irradiation. The fabricated samples showed enhanced photocatalytic activities for both H2 evolution and pollutant degradation as compared to bare g-C3N4 and SnO2. These enhanced photoactivities are attributed to the fast charge separation as the excited electrons transfer from g-C3N4 to the conduction band of SnO2. This enhanced charge separation has been confirmed by the photoluminescence spectra, steady state surface photovoltage spectroscopic measurement, and formed hydroxyl radicals. It is believed that this work will provide a feasible route to synthesize photocatalysts for improved energy production and environmental purification. more...
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- 2020
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26. The prognostic value of routine coagulation tests for patients with heat stroke
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Shu-Yuan Liu, Ling Xing, Qiu-Mei Cao, Han-Ding Mao, Kai-Guo Zhou, and Qing Song
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Heat Stroke ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Coagulation testing ,Humans ,International Normalized Ratio ,Stroke ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,Heatstroke ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Survival Rate ,Prolonged aptt ,Emergency Medicine ,Cardiology ,Prothrombin Time ,Female ,Partial Thromboplastin Time ,Blood Coagulation Tests ,business ,Value (mathematics) - Abstract
To evaluate the prognostic value of routine coagulation tests for patients with heat stroke.This was a multi-center retrospective study. Patients who arrived at the hospital24 h after the onset of Heat Stroke (HS) were included. The routine coagulation variables were detected within 24 h after the onset, including the lowest platelet count (PLC).60-day mortality rate was 20.9%. The median Prothrombin Time-International Normalized Ratio (PT-INR) of the non-surviving patients was significantly higher than that of the survivors (P 0.01). The median Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) in non-surviving patients was significantly higher than in the surviving patients (P 0.01). A Cox regression analysis revealed that 60-day mortality was associated with PT-INR (P = 0.032) and APTT (P = 0.004). The optimal PT-INR point for predicting 60-day mortality rate was 1.7. The optimal APTT point for predicting 60-day mortality was 51.45. Patients with increased PT-INR (≥1.7) levels had, overall, a significantly reduced survival time (P 0.01). Patients with elevated APTT (≥51.45) also had a decrease in survival time (P 0.01). The prognostic scoring, with increased PT-INR (≥1.7) and prolonged APTT (≥51.45) at one point each, was also demonstrated to be useful in predicting 60-day mortality. Patients whose temperature fell to 38.9 °C within 30 min had significantly lower levels of PT-INR and APTT within 24 h than those who took longer to cool down.A prolonged APTT and elevated PT-INR within 24 h are independent prognostic factors of 60-day mortality in HS. more...
- Published
- 2020
27. Infant Rhesus Macaques as a Nonhuman Primate Model of Bordetella pertussis
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Wen-Wen Jiang, Chen Wei, Da-Chao Mou, Wei-Lun Zuo, Jiang-Li Liang, Xiao Ma, Li-Chan Wang, Na Gao, Qin Gu, Peng Luo, Yan Ma, Jing-Yan Li, Shu-Yuan Liu, Li Shi, and Mingbo Sun
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- 2020
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28. Carbon Nanotube-Supported Cu3P as High-Efficiency and Low-Cost Cocatalysts for Exceptional Semiconductor-Free Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
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Jun Xie, Xin Li, Andrzej Adamski, Xiaobo Chen, Rongchen Shen, Shu-yuan Liu, and Yingna Ding
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Materials science ,Chemical substance ,General Chemical Engineering ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbon nanotube ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,law ,Environmental Chemistry ,Thesaurus (information retrieval) ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Solar fuel ,0104 chemical sciences ,Semiconductor ,engineering ,Photocatalysis ,Noble metal ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Science, technology and society - Abstract
Developing an inexpensive and high-efficiency hydrogen-production cocatalyst to replace the noble metal Pt remains a big challenge in the fields of sustainable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. He... more...
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- 2018
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29. Template-free preparation of TiO2 microspheres for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes
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Shu-yuan Liu, Rengaraj Selvaraj, Kezhen Qi, Salma Mohamed Zahran Al-Kindy, Alex T. Kuvarega, Mouza Al Ruqaishy, Sreejith Karthikeyan, Faisal Al Marzouqi, and Younghun Kim
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Anatase ,Materials science ,Absorption spectroscopy ,Scanning electron microscope ,General Chemical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Photocatalysis ,Diffuse reflection ,0210 nano-technology ,Methylene blue ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
TiO2 microspheres were successfully synthesised by simple solution phase method by using various amount of titanium butoxide as precursor. The prepared TiO2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance absorption spectra (UV-DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD analysis revealed that the as-synthesized TiO2 microsphere poses an anatase phase. The photocatalytic degradation experiments were carried out with three different dyes, such as methylene blue, brilliant black, reactive red-120 for four hours under UV light irradiation. The results show that TiO2 morphology had great influence on photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. The experimental results of dye mineralization indicated the concentration was reduced by a high portion of up to 99% within 4 hours. On the basis of various characterization of the photocatalysts, the reactions involved to explain the photocatalytic activity enhancement due to the concentration of titanium butoxide and morphology include a better separation of photogenerated charge carriers and improved oxygen reduction inducing a higher extent of degradation of aromatics. more...
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- 2018
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30. Glances That Matter: Applying Quantile Regression to Assess Driver Distraction from Off-Road Glances
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Shu-Yuan Liu, Ja Young Lee, John D. Lee, and Vindhya Venkatraman
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Medical Terminology ,Secondary task ,Distraction ,Econometrics ,Crash risk ,Psychology ,Medical Assisting and Transcription ,Quantile ,Task (project management) ,Quantile regression - Abstract
This study assessed whether quantile regression can identify design specifications that lead to particularly long glances, which might go unnoticed with traditional analyses focusing on conditional means of off-road glances. Although substantial research indicates that long glances contribute disproportionately to crash risk, few studies have directly assessed the tails of the distribution. Failing to examine the distribution tails might underestimate the disproportionate risk on long glances imposed by secondary tasks. We applied quantile regression to assess the effects of secondary task type (reading or entry), system delay (delay or no delay), and text length (long or short) on off-road glance duration at 15th, 50th, and 85th quantiles. The results show that entry task, long text, and some combinations of variables led to longer glances than that would be expected given the central tendency of glance distributions. Quantile regression identifies secondary task features that produce long glances, which might be neglected by traditional analyses with conditional means. more...
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- 2018
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31. A simple post-treatment with urea solution to enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency for TiO2 dye-sensitized solar cells
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Yuan Chen, Shu-yuan Liu, Boshu Xia, Kezhen Qi, and Guo-Dong Li
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Photocurrent ,Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Open-circuit voltage ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Photoelectric effect ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Dielectric spectroscopy ,Dye-sensitized solar cell ,Coating ,engineering ,Optoelectronics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Visible spectrum - Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are performed using C3N4 post-treated TiO2 particles as photoanode materials. The photoanode materials were synthesized via a simple method by which a thin layer of C3N4 was coated onto the surface of TiO2 particles after the TiO2 was dipped in urea solution followed by calcination properly. The experimental results show that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the TiO2 DSSCs is remarkably improved. The measurements of I-V characteristic along with the analysis of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicate that the C3N4 layer can expand the visible light absorption, suppress the recombination reaction of the e−-h+ pair and increase both the open circuit voltage and the short-circuit photocurrent density. The mechanism of the improved performance of TiO2 DSSCs by C3N4 coating coating is proposed. The post-treatment method recorded in this work can be easily operated and achieve an enhanced photoelectric performance of DSSCs. more...
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- 2018
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32. Photocatalytic performance of TiO2 nanocrystals with/without oxygen defects
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Meng Qiu, Kezhen Qi, and Shu-yuan Liu
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Photocurrent ,Photoluminescence ,Materials science ,Band gap ,02 engineering and technology ,General Medicine ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,symbols.namesake ,Absorption edge ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Photocatalysis ,symbols ,0210 nano-technology ,Raman spectroscopy ,Visible spectrum - Abstract
To investigate the role of oxygen defects on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2, the TiO2 nanocrystals with/without oxygen defects are successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal and sol-gel methods, respectively. The as-prepared TiO2 nanocrystals with defects are light blue and the absorption edge of light is towards the visible light region (∼420 nm). Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements all confirm that the concentration of oxygen vacancies in the TiO2 synthesized by the sol-gel method is less than that synthesized through the hydrothermal route. The introduction of oxygen defects contributes to a new state in the band gap that narrows the band gap, which is the reason for the extension of light absorption into the visible light region. The photocurrent results confirm that this band-gap narrowing enhances the photocurrent response under simulated solar light irradiation. The TiO2 with oxygen defects shows a higher photocatalytic activity for decomposition of a methylene blue solution compared with that of the perfect TiO2 sample. The photocatalytic mechanism is discussed based on the density functional theory calculations and photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements. more...
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- 2018
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33. Fungal Denitrification Activity in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands as Impacted by Plant Species Richness, Carbon, Nitrogen and pH Amendments
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Chong-Bang Zhang, Ying Ge, Ming Guan, Shu-Yuan Liu, Wenli Liu, Wenjuan Han, and Jie Chang
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Denitrification ,Nitrogen ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Wetland ,010501 environmental sciences ,Toxicology ,Waste Disposal, Fluid ,01 natural sciences ,Polyculture ,Nitrogen Compounds ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Fungi ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Plants ,Pollution ,Carbon ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Wetlands ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Species richness ,Monoculture ,Water Microbiology ,Microcosm - Abstract
To control potential fungal denitrification rate (PFDR) in vertical flow simulated wetlands (VFSW) microcosms, thirty VFSW microcosms were established and planted with three plant species richness levels (i.e. unplanted, monoculture, and four-species polyculture treatment), and effects of carbon, nitrogen and pH amendments on the PFDR were investigated using a room-incubating method. Among seven carbon compounds, sodium citrate, glycerol, glucose and sodium succinate were more effective in enhancing PFDRs. These enhanced effects were dependant on a given species richness level. Sodium nitrite mostly stimulated PFDRs to a greater extent than the other three nitrogen compound amendments at any richness level. Treatments with pH 5.6 or 8.4 had significantly greater PFDRs than the treatment with pH 2.8 in the three species richness levels. However, no effect of plant species richness on the PFDR was observed among any carbon, nitrogen and pH amendments. Current results suggest carbon, nitrogen and pH factors should be considered when mediating fungal denitrification in VFSW microcosms. more...
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- 2017
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34. Assessing Drivers' Trust of Automated Vehicle Driving Styles With a Two-Part Mixed Model of Intervention Tendency and Magnitude
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John D. Lee, Joshua E. Domeyer, Azadeh DinparastDjadid, and Shu-Yuan Liu
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Mixed model ,050210 logistics & transportation ,Automobile Driving ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,Applied psychology ,Emotions ,Accidents, Traffic ,Magnitude (mathematics) ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Affect (psychology) ,Trust ,Vehicle driving ,Autonomous Vehicles ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Automation ,Fully automated ,Intervention (counseling) ,0502 economics and business ,Reaction Time ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,050107 human factors ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
Objective This study examines how driving styles of fully automated vehicles affect drivers’ trust using a statistical technique—the two-part mixed model—that considers the frequency and magnitude of drivers’ interventions. Background Adoption of fully automated vehicles depends on how people accept and trust them, and the vehicle’s driving style might have an important influence. Method A driving simulator experiment exposed participants to a fully automated vehicle with three driving styles (aggressive, moderate, and conservative) across four intersection types (with and without a stop sign and with and without crossing path traffic). Drivers indicated their dissatisfaction with the automation by depressing the brake or accelerator pedals. A two-part mixed model examined how automation style, intersection type, and the distance between the automation’s driving style and the person’s driving style affected the frequency and magnitude of their pedal depression. Results The conservative automated driving style increased the frequency and magnitude of accelerator pedal inputs; conversely, the aggressive style increased the frequency and magnitude of brake pedal inputs. The two-part mixed model showed a similar pattern for the factors influencing driver response, but the distance between driving styles affected how often the brake pedal was pressed, but it had little effect on how much it was pressed. Conclusion Eliciting brake and accelerator pedal responses provides a temporally precise indicator of drivers’ trust of automated driving styles, and the two-part model considers both the discrete and continuous characteristics of this indicator. Application We offer a measure and method for assessing driving styles. more...
- Published
- 2019
35. Conjugated Electron Donor⁻Acceptor Hybrid Polymeric Carbon Nitride as a Photocatalyst for CO
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Asif, Hayat, Mati Ur, Rahman, Iltaf, Khan, Javid, Khan, Muhammad, Sohail, Humaira, Yasmeen, Shu-Yuan, Liu, Kezhen, Qi, and Wenxiu, Lv
- Subjects
Light ,Nitrogen ,Polymers ,Photoelectron Spectroscopy ,DFT calculation ,Electrons ,Carbon Dioxide ,Catalysis ,Article ,polymeric carbon nitride ,X-Ray Diffraction ,CO2 reduction ,Nitriles ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,donor-acceptor ,Electrochemistry ,Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ,Adsorption ,Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Oxidation-Reduction ,photocatalysis - Abstract
This work incorporates a variety of conjugated donor-acceptor (DA) co-monomers such as 2,6-diaminopurine (DP) into the structure of a polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) backbone using a unique nanostructure co-polymerization strategy and examines its photocatalytic activity performance in the field of photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO and H2 under visible light irradiation. The as-synthesized samples were successfully analyzed using different characterization methods to explain their electronic and optical properties, crystal phase, microstructure, and their morphology that influenced the performance due to the interactions between the PCN and the DPco-monomer. Based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculation result, pure PCN and CNU-DP15.0 trimers (interpreted as incorporation of the co-monomer at two different positions) were extensively evaluated and exhibited remarkable structural optimization without the inclusion of any symmetry constraints (the non-modified sample derived from urea, named as CNU), and their optical and electronic properties were also manipulated to control occupation of their respective highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). Also, co-polymerization of the donor–acceptor 2,6-diamino-purine co-monomer with PCN influenced the chemical affinities, polarities, and acid–base functions of the PCN, remarkably enhancing the photocatalytic activity for the production of CO and H2 from CO2 by 15.02-fold compared than that of the parental CNU, while also improving the selectivity. more...
- Published
- 2019
36. Ag Loading Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of g-C3N4 Porous Nanosheets for Decomposition of Organic Pollutants
- Author
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Zhe Chen, Kun Zheng, Kezhen Qi, Shu-yuan Liu, Ruidan Wang, Yi Li, and Yubo Xie
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photocatalytic activity ,Materials science ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ag/g-C3N4 ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Rhodamine B ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Porosity ,Original Research ,organic pollutant ,modification ,Ag nanoparticles ,electron-hole separation ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Decomposition ,0104 chemical sciences ,Chemistry ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Photocatalysis ,Nanometre ,0210 nano-technology ,Visible spectrum - Abstract
The g-C3N4 porous nanosheets with different loading amount of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) are successfully prepared by a simple liquid-phase reduction method. These Ag/g-C3N4 composites have an improved photocatalytic performance for decomposing organic pollutants compared with that of pure g-C3N4 nanosheets. Many measurements have been used for characterizing the samples, such as XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis DRS, PL, XPS, EDS, SEM, and TEM. In Ag/g-C3N4, the Ag NPs are uniformly coated on the g-C3N4 surface, the diameter is mainly in the range of 8~18 nanometers. Loading of Ag NPs expand the response to the visible light for g-C3N4 and increasing the producing rate of photogenerated e−-h+ pairs. The loading of silver NPs obviously enhances the photocatalytic activity of C3N4 nanosheets toward the Rhodamine B (RhB) decomposition under the simulated sunlight irradiation. With different loading amounts of Ag NPs, Ag/g-C3N4 (3 wt% of Ag) showed the highest photocatalytic activity for RhB decomposition among these as-prepared samples, which is 10 times of the rate of pure C3N4. Based on the experimental results, a possible photocatalytic mechanism for Ag/g-C3N4 is proposed. more...
- Published
- 2019
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37. Recyclable magnetic NiFe
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Zhe, Chen, Yuting, Gao, Dongzhao, Mu, Hongfei, Shi, Dawei, Lou, and Shu-Yuan, Liu
- Abstract
A photo-Fenton-like reaction was considered as an effective method for wastewater treatment because it could produce more oxidative species such as hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) to accelerate the reaction. In this paper, a NiFe2O4/C (abbr. as NFO/C) yolk-shell nanostructure was synthesized via one-step calcination using polyacrylic acid sodium salt (PAAS) NPs as a template. The nanocomposite was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption, among others. The magnetically separable nanocomposite exhibited a high activity and recyclability towards the photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). In addition, the factors affecting the photodegradation process were systematically investigated, including the dosage of the NiFe2O4/C catalyst, the pH of the solution, and the volume of H2O2. Notably, the degradation rate of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) reached 97.25% in 60 min in the presence of H2O2 under visible light irradiation (λ400 nm) with NiFe2O4/C. This work provides a simple and novel method to construct NiFe2O4/C yolk-shell nanostructures, which may be applied to the photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride from wastewater. Finally, a photocatalytic and stability mechanism is proposed, which may help us more comprehensively understand the photo-Fenton mechanism. more...
- Published
- 2019
38. Responses of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium and Denitrification to Plant Presence, Plant Species and Species Richness in Simulated Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands
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Ying Ge, Ming Guan, Wen-Li Liu, Jiang Wang, Shu-Yuan Liu, Chong-Bang Zhang, Jie Chang, and Wenjuan Han
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Biomass (ecology) ,Denitrification ,Ecology ,030106 microbiology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Macrophyte ,Cyperus alternifolius ,03 medical and health sciences ,Iris pseudacorus ,Environmental chemistry ,Botany ,Environmental Chemistry ,Species richness ,Microcosm ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,Hoagland solution - Abstract
This study investigated the effects of plant presence, plant species and their species richness on plant biomass production, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), denitrification (DNF), dissimilatory NO3 − reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and two associated bacterial community compositions in thirty vertical flow microcosm wetlands fed with the Hoagland solution, where three plant species richness levels (i.e. unvegetated, monocultured and 4-species polycultured treatment, respectively) were established using four macrophytes. Plant presence increased DO and ORP values, as well as the terminal restriction fragment (TRF) richness and Shannon-Weaver index of the DNRA community and also improved both potential DNF and DNRA rates. The microcosms monocultured with Cyperus alternifolius exhibited the greatest DO, ORP, smallest plant biomass parameters and DNF rates among all of the monocultured microcosms, whereas the microcosms monocultured with Canna glauca and Iris pseudacorus harbored the smallest pH, DO, ORP, the greatest plant biomass parameters and DNRA rates. Compared to both unvegetated and monocultured treatments, the 4-species polycultured treatment was effective in increasing both potential DNF and DNRA rates due to the greatest plant biomass parameters as confirmed by the correlation analysis, but was ineffective in terms of changing both DNF and DNRA community compositions. more...
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- 2016
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39. Impact of DNA mismatch repair system alterations on human fertility and related treatments
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Yan Wu, Ning Wang, Minhao Hu, Shu-yuan Liu, and Fan Jin
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Genetic Markers ,0301 basic medicine ,Infertility ,Genome instability ,DNA damage ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Fertility ,Review ,Biology ,DNA Mismatch Repair ,complex mixtures ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Epigenetics ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,media_common ,Genetics ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Assisted reproductive technology ,Models, Genetic ,General Veterinary ,DNA replication ,DNA ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,DNA mismatch repair ,DNA Damage - Abstract
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is one of the biological pathways, which plays a critical role in DNA homeostasis, primarily by repairing base-pair mismatches and insertion/deletion loops that occur during DNA replication. MMR also takes part in other metabolic pathways and regulates cell cycle arrest. Defects in MMR are associated with genomic instability, predisposition to certain types of cancers and resistance to certain therapeutic drugs. Moreover, genetic and epigenetic alterations in the MMR system demonstrate a significant relationship with human fertility and related treatments, which helps us to understand the etiology and susceptibility of human infertility. Alterations in the MMR system may also influence the health of offspring conceived by assisted reproductive technology in humans. However, further studies are needed to explore the specific mechanisms by which the MMR system may affect human infertility. This review addresses the physiological mechanisms of the MMR system and associations between alterations of the MMR system and human fertility and related treatments, and potential effects on the next generation. more...
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- 2016
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40. The impact of sleep disorders on driving safety—findings from the Second Strategic Highway Research Program naturalistic driving study
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Nathan Lau, Shu-Yuan Liu, and Miguel A. Perez
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Adult ,Male ,Sleep Wake Disorders ,Automobile Driving ,Periodic limb movement disorder ,Adolescent ,Ecological validity ,Migraine Disorders ,Crash ,Logistic regression ,Shift work sleep disorder ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Restless Legs Syndrome ,Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ,Physiology (medical) ,medicine ,Insomnia ,Humans ,Aged ,Narcolepsy ,Aged, 80 and over ,Accidents, Traffic ,Sleep apnea ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Obstructive sleep apnea ,Logistic Models ,030228 respiratory system ,Female ,Patient Safety ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,human activities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Study objectives This study investigated the association between driving safety and seven sleep disorders amongst 3541 participants of the Second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) naturalistic driving study. Methods SHRP 2 collected naturalistic driving data from participants between 16 and 98 years old by instrumenting participants' vehicles. The analyses used logistic regression to determine the likelihood of crash or near-crash involvement, Poisson log-linear regression to assess crash or near-crash rate, and ordinal logistic regression to assess driver maneuver appropriateness and crash or near-crash severity. These analyses did not account for any medical treatments for the sleep disorders. Results Females with restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED), drivers with insomnia or narcolepsy, are associated with significantly higher risk of crash or near-crash. Drivers with shift work sleep disorder (SWSD) are associated with significantly increased crash or near-crash rate. Females with RLS/WED or sleep apnea and drivers with SWSD are associated with less safe driver maneuver and drivers with periodic limb movement disorder are associated with more severe events. The four analyses provide no evidence of safety decrements associated with migraine. Conclusions This study is the first examination on the association between seven sleep disorders and different measures of driving risk using large-scale naturalistic driving study data. The results corroborate much of the existing simulator and epidemiological research related to sleep-disorder patients and their driving safety, but add ecological validity to those findings. These results contribute to the empirical basis for medical professionals, policy makers, and employers in making decisions to aid individuals with sleep disorders in balancing safety and personal mobility. more...
- Published
- 2018
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41. Fungal denitrification potential in vertical flow microcosm wetlands as impacted by depth stratification and plant species
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Jie Chang, Ying Ge, Ming Guan, Shu-Yuan Liu, Chong-Bang Zhang, Wen-Li Liu, and Jiang Wang
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geography ,Environmental Engineering ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Denitrification ,biology ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Sampling (statistics) ,Wetland ,Stratification (vegetation) ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,biology.organism_classification ,Iris pseudacorus ,Botany ,Plant species ,Canna glauca ,Microcosm ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Fungal denitrification potential (FDP) was investigated in vertical flow microcosm wetlands (VFMWs) unplanted and mono-cultured with different plant species using the depth stratification and plant species as the fixed factors. Through two sampling layers of the VFMWs, the FDP was greater in the first sampling layers than in the second sampling layers in all treatments ( P Iris pseudacorus , and also related to the capacities of fungal communities to utilize amino acids in the VFMWs mono-cultured with Canna glauca . Plant species significantly impacted the FDP pattern in the VFMWs, with the greater FDP only occurring in the VFMWs mono-cultured with C. glauca and I. pseudacorus ( P more...
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- 2015
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42. The novel three-way variant t(6;17;15)(p21;q21;q22) in acute promyelocytic leukemia with an FLT3-ITD mutation: A case report
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Shu‑Qing Luan, Mei Jiang, Yong‑Lu Zhang, Jin‑Hua Wan, La‑Gen Wan, Zhang‑Lin Zhang, and Shu‑Yuan Liu
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Acute promyelocytic leukemia ,Cancer Research ,Mutation ,Oncogene ,business.industry ,Retinoic acid ,Chromosomal translocation ,Articles ,Gene mutation ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Retinoic acid receptor ,Oncology ,chemistry ,immune system diseases ,medicine ,Cancer research ,Arsenic trioxide ,business ,neoplasms - Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by the reciprocal translocation t(15;17)(q22;q21), resulting in the fusion of the promyelocytic leukemia gene at 15q22 with the retinoic acid receptor α at 17q21. Additionally, all patients with APL who have additional chromosome abnormalities (ACA) and gene mutations are resistant to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the drug that causes disease regression specifically in patients with APL globally. The present study describes a case of a 19-year-old female with APL carrying a novel complex variant translocation t(6;17;15)(p21;q21;q22), add(7)(q32) and an FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutation. Complete remission was attained following a course of chemotherapy with ATRA and arsenic trioxide. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a novel three-way translocation of 6p21 and a FLT3-ITD mutation involved with APL. more...
- Published
- 2017
43. [Genetic Analysis of A Case of Congenital Dysfibrinogenemia Caused by Arg16His Mutation in Exon 2 of FGA]
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Yong-Lu, Zhang, Shu-Yuan, Liu, Zhang-Lin, Zhang, Xiao-Yan, Tao, Xiao-Xiao, Peng, and Yun-Yuan, Kong
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Mutation ,Fibrinogen ,Humans ,Exons ,Afibrinogenemia ,Pedigree - Abstract
To analyze the phenotype and genotype of a family with congenital dysfibrinogenemia.Assays of coagulation, including activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), pro-thrombin time(PT)and thrombin time(TT) were carried out with Sysmex CA-7000 in the proband and his family members. The quality and quantity of fibrinogen in plasma were determined by Clauss and electrophoresis, respectively. Fibrinogen and inconstituent were analyzed by Native-PAGE. All exon and exon intron boundaries of fibringen genes were analyzed by direct sequencing.The proband had normal APTT, but prolonged PT and TT. The activity of fibrinogen in plasma was decreased while its quantity was normal. These abnormalities were also found in his sisters and daughter, while his wife was normal. Genetic analysis revealed heterozygous G1233A in the exon 2 of FGA which resulted in Arg16His missense mutation.Inherited dysfibrinogenemia is caused by Arg16His mutation in exon 2 of FGA. more...
- Published
- 2017
44. Comparison of fungal communities among ten macrophyte rhizospheres
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Shu-Yuan Liu, Chong-Bang Zhang, Wen-Li Liu, Xiao-Lin Wei, Ming Guan, Jie Chang, Shuo Wang, Jiang Wang, and Xiao-Cui Pan
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Fusarium ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Plant Roots ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Diversity index ,Botany ,Genetics ,Biomass ,DNA, Fungal ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Phylogeny ,Soil Microbiology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Rhizosphere ,Biomass (ecology) ,Typha ,biology ,Fungi ,Thalia dealbata ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Sordariomycetes ,biology.organism_classification ,Macrophyte ,Infectious Diseases ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Mycobiome - Abstract
The fungal community composition, size and several physico-chemical properties were individually investigated in ten macrophyte rhizospheric substrates using nested PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and soil chemical methods. Results indicated that both Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes were dominant fungi in macrophyte rhizospheric substrates, and denitrifying fungi (Fusarium graminearum) was found in nine of ten macrophyte rhizospheres. Fungal Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) and richness (S) in Thalia dealbata, Typha latifolia, Iris hexagona and Hemerocallis aurantiaca rhizospheres were higher than those in other six rhizospheres. Fungal number and biomass were 1.91 × 103 CFUs g−1 dw and 1.53 μg ergosterol g−1 dw in Iris pseudacor rhizosphere, and were greater than in other nine rhizospheres. The correlation analysis showed that fungal number and biomass significantly and positively correlated to total soil phosphorus, while fungal H and S were significantly and negatively correlated to total organic carbon. The principal components analysis (PCA) showed that the fungal community significantly divided ten macrophyte rhizospheres into four groups, showing the significant difference of fungal communities among ten rhizospheric substrates. The current study revealed for the first time the importance of rhizospheric fungal community in distinguishing macrophyte rhizospheres, thus will undoubtedly widen our insight into fungal communities in aquatic rhizospheres. more...
- Published
- 2017
45. Comparison of effects of plant and biofilm bacterial community parameters on removal performances of pollutants in floating island systems
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Jie Chang, Chong-Bang Zhang, Xiao-Cui Pan, Wen-Li Liu, Shu-Yuan Liu, Ying Ge, and Ming Guan
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Pollutant ,Biomass (ecology) ,Environmental Engineering ,biology ,Phosphorus ,Environmental engineering ,food and beverages ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,biology.organism_classification ,Macrophyte ,Cyperus alternifolius ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Alternanthera philoxeroides ,Microcosm ,Scirpus ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
A B S T R A C T This study focused on a comparison of the role that plant and biofilm bacterial community parameters played in mediating removals of pollutants in the floating island microcosms mono-cultured with different macrophytes. The greater removals of BOD5, COD, total phosphorus and NH4–N were observed in floating microcosms planted with Alternanthera philoxeroides or Cyperus alternifolius, respectively. The microcosms planted with Scirpus validus exhibited the greatest removals of total nitrogen, and those planted with Canna generalis showed a great removal of NO3–N. The above-ground biomass was positively related to the removal of the NO3–N, while the translocation factor for nitrogen was positively related to total nitrogen and phosphorus, the translocation factor for phosphorus was positively related to the removals of total phosphorus and NO3–N, respectively. Nevertheless, bacterial community parameters such as the ribotype number and diversity index were not correlated with the removals of pollutants. more...
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- 2014
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46. Effects of Phthalate Ester Treatment on Seed Germination and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Phaseolus radiatus L
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Shu-Yuan Liu, Wen-Li Liu, and Chong-Bang Zhang
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animal structures ,Antioxidant ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Phthalic Acids ,Germination ,Toxicology ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Food science ,Phaseolus ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Chemistry ,Phthalate ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,Catalase ,biology.organism_classification ,Pollution ,Enzyme ,Peroxidases ,Biochemistry ,Seeds ,biology.protein ,Peroxidase - Abstract
Effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and di-n-butyl phthalate on seed germination rate and antioxidant enzymes activities of mung bean (Phaseolus radiatus L.) were investigated. Results showed that under the treatment with 10 mg/kg of phthalate esters (PAEs), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase and catalase (CAT) activities were higher than those of the control (p > 0.05). But SOD and CAT activities decreased with the PAEs concentrations and the treatment duration, and were significantly lower than those of the control (p more...
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- 2014
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47. Conjugated Electron Donor–Acceptor Hybrid Polymeric Carbon Nitride as a Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction
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Mati Ur Rahman, Shu-yuan Liu, Muhammad Sohail, Iltaf Khan, Asif Hayat, Wenxiu Lv, Kezhen Qi, Javid Khan, and Humaira Yasmeen
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Nanostructure ,Materials science ,DFT calculation ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Electron donor ,Conjugated system ,Photochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,HOMO/LUMO ,Carbon nitride ,Organic Chemistry ,CO2 reduction ,Acceptor ,polymeric carbon nitride ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,donor-acceptor ,Photocatalysis ,Molecular Medicine ,Density functional theory ,photocatalysis - Abstract
This work incorporates a variety of conjugated donor-acceptor (DA) co-monomers such as 2,6-diaminopurine (DP) into the structure of a polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) backbone using a unique nanostructure co-polymerization strategy and examines its photocatalytic activity performance in the field of photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO and H2 under visible light irradiation. The as-synthesized samples were successfully analyzed using different characterization methods to explain their electronic and optical properties, crystal phase, microstructure, and their morphology that influenced the performance due to the interactions between the PCN and the DPco-monomer. Based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculation result, pure PCN and CNU-DP15.0 trimers (interpreted as incorporation of the co-monomer at two different positions) were extensively evaluated and exhibited remarkable structural optimization without the inclusion of any symmetry constraints (the non-modified sample derived from urea, named as CNU), and their optical and electronic properties were also manipulated to control occupation of their respective highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). Also, co-polymerization of the donor&ndash, acceptor 2,6-diamino-purine co-monomer with PCN influenced the chemical affinities, polarities, and acid&ndash, base functions of the PCN, remarkably enhancing the photocatalytic activity for the production of CO and H2 from CO2 by 15.02-fold compared than that of the parental CNU, while also improving the selectivity. more...
- Published
- 2019
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48. VEGFR2 Functions As an H2S-Targeting Receptor Protein Kinase with Its Novel Cys1045–Cys1024 Disulfide Bond Serving As a Specific Molecular Switch for Hydrogen Sulfide Actions in Vascular Endothelial Cells
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Li-Jia Zhang, Yi Wang, Cai-Cai Zhang, Shu-Yuan Liu, Ying Chen, Ming-Jie Wang, Qing Shen, Yi-Chun Zhu, Wen-Jie Cai, Bei-Bei Tao, Wei Fu, and Yi-Zhun Zhu
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ,Small interfering RNA ,Physiology ,Angiogenesis ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,Molecular Dynamics Simulation ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ,Animals ,Humans ,Hydrogen Sulfide ,RNA, Small Interfering ,Kinase activity ,Protein disulfide-isomerase ,Receptor ,Molecular Biology ,General Environmental Science ,Microscopy, Confocal ,Cystathionine gamma-Lyase ,Endothelial Cells ,Kinase insert domain receptor ,Cell Biology ,Transfection ,respiratory system ,equipment and supplies ,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ,Molecular biology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Original Research Communications ,Vascular endothelial growth factor A ,Mutation ,cardiovascular system ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Female ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,circulatory and respiratory physiology - Abstract
Aims: The potential receptor for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) remains unknown. Results: H2S could directly activate vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and that a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of VEGFR2 inhibited H2S-induced migration of human vascular endothelial cells. H2S promoted angiogenesis in Matrigel plug assay in mice and this effect was attenuated by a VEGF receptor inhibitor. Using tandem mass spectrometry (MS), we identified a new disulfide complex located between Cys1045 and Cys1024 within VEGFR2 that was labile to H2S-mediated modification. Kinase activity of the mutant VEGFR2 (C1045A) devoid of the Cys1045–Cys1024 disulfide bond was significantly higher than wild-type VEGFR2. Transfection with vectors expressing VEGFR2 (C1045A) caused a significant increase in cell migration, while the migration-promoting effect of H2S disappeared in the cells transfected with VEGFR2 (C1045A). Therefore, the Cys1045–Cys1024 disulfide bond serves as an intrinsic inhibitory motif and functions as a molecular switch for H2S. The formation of the Cys1045–Cys1024 disulfide bond disrupted the integrity of the active conformation of VEGFR2. Breaking the Cys1045–Cys1024 disulfide bond recovered the active conformation of VEGFR2. This motif was prone to a nucleophilic attack by H2S via an interaction of their frontier molecular orbitals. siRNA-mediated knockdown of cystathionine γ-lyase attenuated migration of vascular endothelial cells induced by VEGF or moderate hypoxia. Innovation and Conclusion: The study provides the first piece of evidence of a molecular switch in H2S-targeting receptor protein kinase in H2S-induced angiogenesis and that may be applicable to additional kinases containing functionally important disulfide bonds in mediating various H2S actions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 19, 448–464. more...
- Published
- 2013
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49. The Application of Layout Heuristic Optimization Algorithm in Operational Model
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Shu Yuan Liu
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Mathematical optimization ,Series (mathematics) ,Mathematical model ,Computer science ,Heuristic (computer science) ,Topology optimization ,Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS ,General Engineering ,Heuristic optimization algorithm ,NP-complete ,Data structure - Abstract
In order to solve the layout NP complete problem, this paper analyzes the layout optimization model and algorithm, This kind of problems involved in operational research, data structures, algorithm analysis, artificial intelligence, computer network, etc. multi-discipline knowledge. Layout problems widely exist in practice, the main research rectangular optimal layout, Rectangular optimal layout is a series of rectangular parts reasonably emissions in raw material, make the highest utilization of raw material, And the optimization mathematical model is established, and the use of heuristic algorithm to solve the rectangular optimal layout problem. Simulation experiment showed that the optimization algorithm is effective. more...
- Published
- 2013
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50. Design and Research on Video-on-Demand System Mathematical Model Based on Operations
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Shu Yuan Liu
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Queueing theory ,Service (systems architecture) ,Service system ,Computer science ,Level of service ,Real-time computing ,General Engineering ,Bandwidth (computing) - Abstract
Operations research theory of stochastic service at fast food restaurants, banks, video-on-demand, and web access should be extensive. This paper is a study of the design of its video-on-demand system model. We design and built a specific mathematical model, and analysis of algorithms and test results. We propose video stream control method based on popularity, and the popularity of the program is divided into two types of popular and unpopular, analysis of the system instantaneous transition probability, and designs the popularity of video streaming bandwidth prediction formula. The results show that this method can effectively save server resources, and improve the level of service of video. This queuing analysis method can also be applied in other similar random service system. more...
- Published
- 2013
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