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Major carp i.e., Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigala (Cirrhinus mrigala) are economically very important and commonly cultured in Indian subcontinent. In Pakistan aquatic organisms especially, freshwater species are facing many environmental problems such as variation in weather pattern. Temperature fluctuation is pervasive and most common environmental factor that is very distressing for major carps. The larvae of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala were treated with different temperatures 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 33 and 35 °C following 28 °C acclimation temperature. Thermal variation rate was recorded 2 °C/day. Death rate of both species larvae was observed. In temperature group 10 °C, 15% and 64% mortality of Labeo rohita was observed while, in Cirrhinus mrigala 16% and 66% mortality was recorded at 14 and 10 °C respectively. When larvae of both species were exposed to 10-20 °C, significantly (P < 0.05) maximum death rate was observed at this temperature as compared to other experimental groups. Cumulative death rate of Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala were recorded 84, 43, 22, 16, 1, 2, 3% and 86, 45, 23, 17, 1, 2, 4% in 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 33, 35 °C temperature groups, respectively. All larvae of both species died within 2 days at temperature group 10 °C and continued to die at temperature groups 15 °C and 20 °C up to 11 days. Both species larval mortality persisted in temperature groups at 25 °C up to 18 days. Simple regression analysis was applied for thermal range (T < 28 °C and T > 28 °C), variation in death per fall and elevation of ∆T = 1 °C was measured in the log-linear regression model framework. When water temperature dropped from acclimation temperature 28 °C, the accumulative death of larvae for 1 °C decrease of temperature from acclimation one, significantly (P < 0.05) was calculated in both species. When water temperature elevated from 28 °C, less steep beta coefficient was observed in Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala. 1 °C elevation of water temperature from acclimation temperature 28 °C, the accumulative death in Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala were (P > 0.05) obtained

A breeding experiment was conducted on Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Cyprinus carpio April to August 2022 at Tawakkal Fish Hatchery at Muzaffargarh, Punjab, Pakistan. A single dose of intramuscular injection of Ovaprim with 0.7 ml/kg for female and 0.2 ml/kg for male brooders of both species were administrated. After hormonal adminteration brooders were kept in the circular tank for spawning. The 100% ovulation rate was observed in both species. Spawning response was observed after the latency period of (8.80±0.1-10.84±0.02 hours) and (8.1±0.26-9.8±0.01 hours) in Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Cyprinus carpio respectively at water temperature range from 22-28 °C. Fertilization rate (61-73%) was observed in Hypophthalmichthys nobilis while, in Cyprinus carpio it was (60-76%) at water temperature range 22-28 °C respectively. Degree-hours to spawning were calculated in Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (238.2±1.46-246.4±1) while in Cyprinus carpio it was (215.6±1.3- 226.8±1.28) respectively. Hatching rate of Hypophthalmichthys nobilis was calculated as (52-70 %), while in Cyprinus carpio it was (56 -71 %) and degree-hours to hatching was calculated as (748-784) and (682-702) respectively at water temperature range 22-28 °C respectively. Overall, the rates of fertilization and hatching increases with the increase of water temperature up to limit. These findings can be used to calculate spawning probabilities to enable future spawning predictions for the Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Cyprinus carpio.

Major carp is a group of fish species commonly cultured in Indian Subcontinent. Fish is the major source of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. With the robust increase in human population, the demand of food is also increasing. To overcome the food, demand many food sectors are working in line to cope with the protein requirements management of brood stock and successful breeding is also very important. Estimation of degree-hours for the spawning response, hatching of brood stock and their fertilization rate, hatching rate of fish eggs is one of the major aspects of hatchery management. Degree-hours is a standard unit that is used to measure the heat requirement for spawning and hatching while data is scarce for many species. The current study was designed to investigate the degree-hours to spawning and hatching for major carps i.e., Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigala (Cirrhinus mrigala) during May to August 2022 at Punjab Fish Seed Hatchery, Rawal Town Islamabad, Pakistan. Two triplets (one male and two females) of each species were selected for induced breeding. Ovaprim was administrated at the rate of 0.5ml/kg for female and 0.2ml/kg for male to stimulate ovulation and spermitation respectively. Both species showed ovulation rate (100%). Spawning was occurred after 9.35±0.4299 hours in Rohu and in Mrigala 10.18±0.4393 hours at average water temperature of 26.3±0.575. Degree-hours to spawning in Rohu and Mrigala were calculated as 248.6±9.35 and 264.6±5.625 respectively. Higher fertilization rate (87.23±2.029%) and hatching rate (84.88±1.7747%) were observed in Mrigala (Cirrhinus mrigala) as compared to Rohu (Labeo rohita) i.e. (85.75±1.856%) and (81.75±1.525%) respectively. Hatching activity proceeded rapidly in Rohu and completed in 741.025±14.532 degree-hours while, in Mrigala it occurred in 778.43±9.1972 degree-hours. This was a first documented report on effect of degree-hours on induced breeding of indigenous carps of Pakistan i.e., Rohu and Mrigala under controlled hatchery environment.

Use of active site-targeting inhibitor is an effective approach leading to pharmacological inventions. Heat shock cognate protein A8 (HSPA8) has been found as a receptor of VGF derived bioactive peptide TLQP-21 in SH-SY5Y cells. So, it was of much interest to carry out this study in order to observe whether Oxymatrine (OMTR), an inhibitor of HSPA8, inhibits the binding of TLQP-21 to the surface of intact, live SH-SY5Y cells. The results confirmed, as expected, that OMTR reduces the binding of TLQP-21 to the surface of intact, live SH-SY5Y cells, with a strong conclusion that the binding of TLQP-21 to the surface of SH-SY5Y cell model was through HSPA8. The inhibition efficacy of OMTR potentiates its application in drug targeting.

Let 𝔄 {\mathfrak{A}} be a triangular ring and let p n ⁢ ( U 1 , U 2 , … , U n ) {p_{n}(U_{1},U_{2},\dots,U_{n})} denote the ( n - 1 ) {(n-1)} th commutator of elements U 1 , U 2 , … , U n ∈ 𝔄 {U_{1},U_{2},\dots,U_{n}\in\mathfrak{A}} . Suppose that ℕ {\mathbb{N}} is the set of nonnegative integers and 𝔏 = { ξ r } r ∈ ℕ {\mathfrak{L}=\{{\xi_{r}}\}_{r\in\mathbb{N}}} is a sequence of additive mappings on 𝔄 {\mathfrak{A}} such that ξ 0 = i ⁢ d 𝔄 {\xi_{0}=id_{\mathfrak{A}}} , the identity mapping on 𝔄 {\mathfrak{A}} , and for each r ∈ ℕ {r\in\mathbb{N}} , ξ r ⁢ ( p n ⁢ ( U 1 , U 2 , … , U n ) ) = ∑ i 1 + i 2 + ⋯ + i n = r p n ⁢ ( ξ i 1 ⁢ ( U 1 ) , ξ i 2 ⁢ ( U 2 ) , … , ξ i n ⁢ ( U n ) ) {\xi_{r}(p_{n}(U_{1},U_{2},\dots,U_{n}))=\sum_{i_{1}+i_{2}+\cdots+i_{n}=r}p_{n% }(\xi_{i_{1}}(U_{1}),\xi_{i_{2}}(U_{2}),\dots,\xi_{i_{n}}(U_{n}))} for all U 1 , U 2 , … , U n ∈ 𝔄 {U_{1},U_{2},\dots,U_{n}\in\mathfrak{A}} with U 1 ⁢ U 2 ⁢ ⋯ ⁢ U n = 0 {U_{1}U_{2}\cdots U_{n}=0} . In this paper, it is shown that under certain conditions 𝔏 = { ξ r } r ∈ ℕ {\mathfrak{L}=\{{\xi_{r}}\}_{r\in\mathbb{N}}} has the standard form, that is, there exist a higher derivation { d r } r ∈ ℕ {\{{d_{r}}\}_{r\in\mathbb{N}}} on 𝔄 {\mathfrak{A}} and a family { h r } r ∈ ℕ {\{{\mathrm{h}_{r}}\}_{r\in\mathbb{N}}} of additive mappings h r : 𝔄 → 𝒵 ⁢ ( 𝔄 ) {h_{r}:\mathfrak{A}\rightarrow\mathcal{Z}(\mathfrak{A})} satisfying h r ⁢ ( p n ⁢ ( U 1 , U 2 , … , U n ) ) = 0 {h_{r}(p_{n}(U_{1},U_{2},\dots,U_{n}))=0} for all U 1 , U 2 , … , U n ∈ 𝔄 {U_{1},U_{2},\dots,U_{n}\in\mathfrak{A}} with U 1 ⁢ U 2 ⁢ ⋯ ⁢ U n = 0 {U_{1}U_{2}\cdots U_{n}=0} such that for each r ∈ ℕ {r\in\mathbb{N}} , ξ r ⁢ ( U ) = d r ⁢ ( U ) + h r ⁢ ( U ) {\xi_{r}(U)=d_{r}(U)+h_{r}(U)} for all U ∈ 𝔄 {U\in\mathfrak{A}} .

Phlebitis linked with peripheral venous catheters is caused by inflammation of the vein at the cannula access site. It could be caused by mechanical, chemical, or pathogenic agents. Phlebitis can be avoided by adhering to best practises when inserting a cannula, such as selecting the right device and placement. Document the incidence of phlebitis and explore the risk factors linked with it. Analysis of existing data from a major randomised controlled trial. The primary goal of which was to compare routine peripheral intravascular catheter replacements with catheter replacements based solely on clinical indication. Patients hospitalised to the medicine and surgery ward, which required an intravenous catheter in the periphery were the part of study. 13283 PIVCs were investigated. During intravenous infusion, 41 (0.1%), and 48 hours after chemotherapy infusion, 35 (1.3%), paediatric patients were diagnosed with phlebitis. Postinfusion phlebitis can be problematic; therefore, it is essential for medical professionals to inform patients of what to watch for after the removal of an intravascular device.

Let 𝔄 {\mathfrak{A}} be a standard operator algebra on a complex Banach space 𝔛 {\mathfrak{X}} , dim ⁡ 𝔛 > 1 {\dim\mathfrak{X}>1} , and p n ⁢ ( T 1 , T 2 , … , T n ) {p_{n}(T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{n})} the ( n - 1 ) {(n-1)} th-commutator of elements T 1 , T 2 , … , T n ∈ 𝔄 {T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{n}\in\mathfrak{A}} . Then every map ξ : 𝔄 → 𝔄 {\xi:\mathfrak{A}\rightarrow\mathfrak{A}} (not necessarily linear) satisfying ξ ⁢ ( p n ⁢ ( T 1 , T 2 , … , T n ) ) = ∑ i = 1 n p n ⁢ ( T 1 , T 2 , … , T i - 1 , ξ ⁢ ( T i ) , T i + 1 , … , T n ) {\xi(p_{n}(T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{n}))=\sum_{i=1}^{n}p_{n}(T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{% i-1},\xi(T_{i}),T_{i+1},\dots,T_{n})} for all T 1 , T 2 , … , T n ∈ 𝔄 {T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{n}\in\mathfrak{A}} is of the form ξ = Ω + Γ {\xi=\Omega+\Gamma} , where Ω : 𝔄 → 𝔄 {\Omega:\mathfrak{A}\rightarrow\mathfrak{A}} is an additive derivation and Γ : 𝔄 → ℂ ⁢ I {\Gamma:\mathfrak{A}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}I} is a map that vanishes at each ( n - 1 ) {(n-1)} th-commutator p n ⁢ ( T 1 , T 2 , … , T n ) {p_{n}(T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{n})} for all T 1 , T 2 , … , T n ∈ 𝔄 {T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{n}\in\mathfrak{A}} . In addition, if the map ξ is linear and satisfies the above relation, then there exist an operator S ∈ 𝔄 {S\in\mathfrak{A}} and a linear map Γ : 𝔄 → ℂ ⁢ I {\Gamma:\mathfrak{A}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}I} satisfying Γ ⁢ ( p n ⁢ ( T 1 , T 2 , … , T n ) ) = 0 {\Gamma(p_{n}(T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{n}))=0} for all T 1 , T 2 , … , T n ∈ 𝔄 {T_{1},T_{2},\dots,T_{n}\in\mathfrak{A}} , such that ξ ⁢ ( T ) = [ T , S ] + Γ ⁢ ( T ) {\xi(T)=[T,S]+\Gamma(T)} for all T ∈ 𝔄 {T\in\mathfrak{A}} .

Process of cryopreservation induces cell damages due to thermal and osmotic shocks. Addition of amino acids as cryoprotective agents in extender can reduce these damages. Therefore, present study was designed to evaluate the effect of glycine supplementation in extender on freezability of cryopreserved bull semen. For this purpose, three adult Sahiwal bulls were selected for semen collection by artificial vagina having 42 C (three weeks) (replicates; n=18). Collected semen was quickly shifted to laboratory for initial evaluation. Qualified semen ejaculates (>60% motility, >1mL volume, >0.5billion/mL conc.) were diluted in tris extender having 0 (control), 5, 10, 15 and 20mM of glycine. Semen was cooled to 4 C in 2 hours and kept for 4 hours for equilibration. Semen was filled in French straws at 4 C and kept in liquid nitrogen container. Highest percentages of post thaw sperm progressive motility and acrosome integrity were observed in extender containing 5mM of glycine compared to other treatments and control (P

Background: Methotrexate treatment of ectopic pregnancies is not only effective but also safe and saves fallopian tube without major side effects related to surgery. Aim: To determine the efficacy of Methotrexate for treatment of women with EP. Study design and period: retrospective observational study 1 years from July 2021 till July 2022. Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Abha Maternity and Children hospital, Aseer Region Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study, in which 52 women with EP were included and were given injection methotrexate 50 mg/m2 intramuscularly. The β-hCG level was measured before treatment and then on 7th day of treatment. If β-hCG was reduced by >15% of pre-treatment levels on day 7 then it was called as successful treatment. Results: The overall success rate of this regimen was 73% of patients, including 6% of those who required second dose. 27% of patients underwent surgery and were designated as treatment failures. The mean β-hCG level before treatment was significantly lower in the treatment success group than in the treatment failure group (1491.79 ± 1094.69 vs 2701.50 ± 1417.28 IU/L, p= 0.0381). Sac size was considered statistically increased in the treatment failure group, ie, 3.75 ± 0.29 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of our study, it can be stated that methotrexate treatment is very effective in the treatment of patients with ectopic pregnancy and can be recommended as a first-line treatment in patients with a low initial β-hCG level and a small ectopic pregnancy sac size. Keywords: ectopic pregnancy; methotrexate; operative laparoscopy; β-hCG; sac size

Objective: Hydroperoxide metabolism involving trypanothione, key for the survival of Leishmania, is a validated target for rational drug design. In this study, we aim in silico drug design by targeting tryparedoxin peroxidase (2-Cysperoxiredoxin type) from Leishmania donovani (LdTXNPx) using clioquinol, nelfinavir, and strychnobiflavone as mother compound. Clioquinol, nelfinavir are known for their anti-leishmanial activity and strychnobiflavone showed antileishmanial activity against Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania infantum amastigotes and promastigotes recently. Background: Visceral leishmaniasis, the most lethal form of Leishmaniasis, is caused by Leishmania donovani in the Indian subcontinent and East Africa. Current therapeutics for the disease is associated with a risk of high toxicity and development of drug-resistant strains. Thus, the discovery of potential targets, successful inhibitors, and improved drug distribution mechanisms for leishmaniasis diagnosis has become a focus. Methods: On this basis, we constructed protein structure using homology modeling, molecular docking of protein with potential drug candidates, interaction analysis and pharmacophore analysis conducted in this study. Results: We have revealed two compounds i.e. Nelfinavir mesylate and strychnobiflavone, which have desired characteristics in the future drugs for Visceral leishmaniasis. Conclusion: Consistently in the future, we will ratify the efficacy of these compounds, essential animal and clinical trials are needed to be performed. We believe that our present study will help to find efficient and effective therapy for treating Visceral leishmaniasis in humans.

The current study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidative effect of L-Carnitine at post thawing following cryopreservation of Nili-Ravi buffalo sperm. For this purpose, semen from three buffalo bulls were collected for 3 weeks using an artificial vagina (N=18; replicates). The qualified ejaculates were diluted employing tris-citric acid extender i.e., control did not receive any L-Carnitine and experimental groups having 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ng/mL of L-carnitine at 37 C with approximately 50 x 106 sperm/mL. The semen was cooled at 4 C and then equilibrated (4 hours), filled in straws (0.5 mL) at4 C, placed on LN2 vapours for 10 min, and kept into an LN2 container. The thawed semen was evaluated for post-thaw quality. The integrity of the sperm plasma membrane and motility (P?0.05) was highest in the extenders having 1.0 ng/mL of L-carnitine as compared to the control(received no L-Carnitine). However, sperm chromatin integrity and viability(live sperm with intact acrosome) remained similar. It was concluded that supplementing 1.0 ng/mL L-Carnitine of extender can improve the post-thaw quality of cryopreserved sperm. Based on the results of the current experiments it is recommended to include L-carnitine extender to improve post-thaw quality of buffalo sperm in terms of its motility and integrity ofits plasma membrane. Keywords: Buffalo, Sperm, Cryopreservation, Extender, L-Carnitine, Artificial insemination.

Although a range of studies has explored the effects of the content and language integrated learning (CLIL) approach on students’ achievement, its impact on improving university students’ transversal skills (TSs) has remained largely unexplored in Iran. Thus, the present study has a two-fold purpose. First, it aims to investigate the role of the CLIL approach in improving Iranian university students’ TSs. Second, it purports to explore the mediating role of emotional intelligence (EI) in the relationship between the CLIL approach and TSs. For this purpose, a survey design was used wherein a research-made questionnaire was distributed among 123 university students to gather the required data. Findings disclosed that the CLIL approach had a positive role in developing the university students’ TSs. Further, the results indicated that EI positively affected the development of TSs in university students. Moreover, the findings evidenced that EI significantly mediated the relationship between the CLIL approach and the development of the university students’ TSs. The study concludes that applying the CLIL approach involves an entirely new paradigm, offering valuable implications for relevant stakeholders.

The quality of roads dictates the development of the country as well as the quality of lives of its citizens. To maintain the road sections at the desired level of service, adequate and timely maintenance works are necessary. But maintaining all the road sections every year is not possible for developing countries like India. These works get constrained by limited budget and hence utilization of the budget becomes crucial for the concerned government department. Out of hundreds of road sections, the department can select only a few at a time. But most of the times, the procedure of filtering out these few sections is not scientific and hence gets influenced by some undue external factors. Looking at these problems, the authors perceived an urgent need of an accessible and user-friendly mobile application that does the prioritization process. The works in this paper describes the development of an android based application which considers the four important domains of any road section viz. pavement functional distress, roughness, social importance and pavement structural strength. From the user inputs related to these four domains, the application accordingly computes and displays a priority score, on the basis of which the user can select the road sections for maintenance works. The validation of the application results has been performed and some test results will be added in the full-length paper.

Music education is frequently growing around the globe and needs emotional attachments and adoption innovation for the attractive music education that needs researcher’s emphasis. Thus, the current article investigates the impact of lack of emotional experience and resistance to innovation on unattractive music education in China. The current research also investigates the mediating impact of dissatisfied musicians among the association of lack of emotional experience, resistance to innovation, and unattractive music education in China. The study has used the primary data collected using questionnaires. The current article examines the validity and reliability using the measurement assessment model and also tests the hypotheses using the structural assessment model with the help of smart-PLS. The results indicated that the lack of emotional experience and resistance to innovation has a positive and significant impact on unattractive music education in China. The findings also revealed that dissatisfied musicians significantly mediate among lack of emotional experience, resistance to innovation, and unattractive music education in China. This article helps policymakers establish policies about making music education attractive for musicians by adopting innovation.

Ring necked-pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) is bird of order Galliformes. Ring necked-pheasant is also known as gallinaceous bird and game bird. It looks like chicken bird. It is national bird of South Dakota. It is mostly found in wild areas but in Pakistan it exists as Domestic bird. It has high proteins and low fat in its meat. The present study was conducted to check the effect of ascorbic acid on sperm Motility, sperm cytoplasmic membrane integrity, sperm livability and acrosome integrity of Ring-necked pheasant at different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0mM, 1mM, 2mM, 3mM and 4mM) were used. Semen was collected by abdominal massage technique. Motility of sperm was greater than 70%.Then it was processed further. The cryopreservation of semen was checked at various stages like Post Dilution, Post Cooling, Post Equilibration and Post Thawing. Semen was cooled from post-dilution stage (370 C) to post-cooling (200C).Then it further cooled gradually to get post-equilibration stage (40 C) within 24 hours. After that 10% glycerol was added to the sample. Then it was transferred to liquid nitrogen (LN2) cylinder for 24 hours. After thawing stage sample was removed from LN2 cylinders and placed in water bath for 4 hours to achieve post-thawing. Then performed sperm quality assays at each stage of cryopreservation. Sperm motility was assessed by Neubauer Chamber Hemocytometer. Plasma Membrane Integrity was checked by using Hypo Osmotic Swelling Test with the help to 2% Eosin. Sperm livability was assessed by Lake’s glutamate solution and sperm Acrosome Integrity was checked by dual staining technique by using Formal citrate solution and Giemsa stain. The better results were seen at 3mM treatment of ascorbic acid. Sperm motility percentage was significantly different (P < 0.05) on 3mM treatment on all the stages of cryopreservation rather than other treatments. Plasma membrane integrity assay also showed good results at same concentration (P < 0.05) on all the stages of cryopreservation rather than other treatments. At the sperm livability stage 3mM treatment showed significantly difference (P < 0.05) on all the stages of cryopreservation rather than other treatments. The sperm acrosome integrity showed highest percentage on 3mM treatment (P < 0.05) on all stages of cryopreservation rather than other treatments. Effect of ascorbic acid on all the quality parameters (sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, livability and acrosome integrity) was showed significant difference (P < 0.05) at 3mM treatment of ascorbic acid as compare to control as well as remaining treatments. It was seen that by increasing the concentration of ascorbic acid from 3mM concentration to onward it shows negative results on its cryopreservation. Now this cryopreserved semen can be transfer from one place to another place to obtain good varieties as well as better genetic characteristics of this species.

Internal mixing twin-fluid atomiser is known to be one of the prominent atomisers for the generation of spray or spray-like dispersion from bulk liquids. This paper designs and investigates the per...

Carboxylated poly-l-lysine (CPLL), an ampholytic polymer, has remarkable cryoprotective properties. It was hypothesized that CPLL will reduce/replace glycerol in extender and improve the freezabili...

Aim: The study was designed to elucidate the effects of quercetin in an extender on oxidative stress, mitochondrial activity and quality of Indian red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus murghi) sperm durin...

The antimicrobial properties of honey have stimulated interest in evaluating it as an alternative to antibiotics for cryopreserved buffalo semen. Acacia nilotica, Brassica campestris and Ziziphus j...

Recently, uncreative music products have become a global issue due to the unhappy musicians and resistance to innovation that needs researchers’ focus. This article explores the impact of unhappy musicians and resistance to innovation on uncreative music products in Malaysia. This article also investigates the moderating role of psychological security among the relationships of unhappy musicians, resistance to innovation, and uncreative music products in Malaysia. This study has applied the questionnaire method to gather the primary data from the selected respondents. The researchers have also applied the smart-PLS to check the nexus among constructs and test the hypotheses. The results revealed that unhappy musicians and resistance to innovation have a significant and positive linkage with uncreative music products in Malaysia. The results also revealed that psychological security significantly moderates the linkage among unhappy musicians, resistance to innovation, and uncreative music products in Malaysia. Thus, this study guides the regulators to develop the regulations to reduce the unhappiness among musicians and motivates the regulators to adopt innovation to increase the creative music product in Malaysia.

In this global village, easy access to news has resulted in many changes in the preferences and patterns of people for accessing news. Therefore, the present study has attempted to investigate the effects of news relevance, perceived quality, and news overloading on people’s news curation preferences. This study has also examined the mediating role of news avoidance between the news relevance, perceived quality, and news overloading on the news curation. A quantitative technique has been employed to check the relationships proposed in the study. A sample size of 217 has been analyzed to check these hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that news relevance has a negative impact while news overload positively and significantly impact the news curation. However, the news avoidance only mediated the relationship of news quality and news curation. Theoretically, the study has contributed to the literature of journalism and social media by finding that relevance of news has a negative significant impact on the news curation behavior of people, such that if they do not find the news relevant, they happily curate it. Practically, the study implies that the people are more prone to the quality of news rather than quantity; therefore, it is important for the news agencies to ensure that they produce and deliver the quality based news considering the accuracy to penetrate the Theoretic lass level.

Special Issue publishes research articles, essays, research reports, teaching notes, and book reviews on a wide range of topics of interest to the language, literature and Education. Specifically, we encourage submission of manuscripts that, in a concrete way, apply language and linguistics or critically reflect on the application of educational technology. The aim of the Special Issue is to publish articles that contribute significantly to the body of knowledge. It publishes both theoretical and empirical articles and case studies relating to linguistics, literature, education, English, arts and humanities and related disciplines. Published articles use scientific research methods, including statistical analysis, case studies, field research and historical analysis. We call for multidisciplinary and multi-country contributions in social sciences and humanities that address the severe and global COVID-19 crisis, its impacts and its opportunities for the future. We are in the unprecedented territory, and we aim at encouraging scholars in the field to reflect and debate the role of social sciences practices in leading governmental and non-governmental organizations’ policies; in sustaining public services, businesses and not-for-profit organizations’; as well as the state of the human condition. We call for scholarly debates on how this pandemic is affected and may affect the practice of education in times of crisis and the need for accountability at a global level. The Special Issue may target scientists, researchers, professors, students and policy makers from English literature, English linguistics, teaching and learning English as a Second Language (ESL), as an Additional Language (EAL) or as a Foreign Language (TEFL) Education and methods of teaching, Literature, Languages and Information related domains.

Present study aimed to evaluate field fertility rate and calf sex ratio of Nili Ravi buffalo semen sexed through modified swim-up method (Animal Reproduction Science, 182, 2017, 69). For this purpose, five mature Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls kept at semen production unit, Qadirabad, Pakistan, were selected. Two consecutive ejaculates per week were collected with artificial vaginą for 3 weeks. Qualified semen ejaculates were pooled and divided into two aliquots. The first aliquot was processed by routine procedure (control), whereas the second was processed by modified swim-up technique. After separation, semen was diluted in tris-citric acid extender and cryopreserved using standard techniques. Sexed semen was evaluated for fertility trials during peak breeding season. Artificially inseminated animals were examined for pregnancy rate through rectal palpation at least 3 months after insemination under field conditions. Calving ratio of female and male calves were recoded after Parturition. The fertility rate was higher (p .05) in X-sorted sperm (70%) as compared with control (47%). The female calf ratio was higher (p .05) in X-sorted sperm (78.58%) compared with control (53.3%). In Conclusion, conception rate and production of female calf were significantly higher with sexed semen separated through modified swim-up method compared with unsexed control.

A population of Stegorhabditis miniata sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The new species is characterized by small body, six lips, small labial papillae, short stoma and narrow, evenly cuticularized, cheilostom cuticularized, gymnostom with parallel walls, stegostom isoglottoid, weakly developed with a pair of setose denticles on each plate, small spicules, separate, bursa absent, caudal papillae six pairs and tail of both sexes filiform.

Continuous increments in world population demands transportation with essential vehicle facilities and directly effect on road traffic volume or congestion, mostly in metropolitan cities, and thus it needs significant investigation, analysis, and maintenance. In these regards, an Intelligent Traffic Management System (ITMS) with a Deep-Neuro-Fuzzy model was proposed and implemented. Dijkstra algorithm is used to select optimum path from source to destination on the basis of calculated road segment weights from Deep-Neuro-Fuzzy framework. However, Deep-Neuro-Fuzzy framework needs some comprehensive analysis, other means some simulation or emulation, and etc, to proof the efficiency and workability of the model. In this paper, we are going to explore the Deep-Neuro-Fuzzy model in pragmatic style with an open-source traffic simulation model (SUMO) and helps to explore traffic-related issues including route choice, simulate traffic light or vehicular communication, etc in our ITMS. In addition, a new GUI is developed to control the simulation input attributes and presents the feedbacks into the traffic flow in SUMO environment. Results highlight that the proposed SUMO model can realistically simulate ITMS based on the road segment weights from Deep-Neuro-Fuzzy model. Different built-in routing algorithms are also used to proof the workability of this model.

Vocabulary learning is one of the challenging tasks in a foreign language classroom. In order to make this process motivating and friendly, one of the useful techniques is to unburden the teacher and to provide the learners with maximum autonomy. Graves (2007) asserts that EFL learners should have the vocabulary size of approximately 3,000 to 6,000 English words. The undertaken study is an attempt in this regard to determine the breadth of the EFL vocabulary at secondary level. A corpus of Pakistani English has been compiled in this regard. In order to process data, Wordsmith Tools, a statistical method for analyzing corpus data, has been used to retrieve the frequency list. Afterwards, the results have been analysed with SPSS. The findings establish the fact that the determining the breadth of vocabulary with the help of corpus is very significant in developing EFL vocabulary at secondary level.

Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate enrofloxacin (EN), a fluoroquinolone broad-spectrum antibacterial drug for use in cryopreservation of Zebu bull semen. Materials and Methods: Semen w...

A survey was conducted in commercially grown dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) orchards at the hills of Khagrachari district of Bangladesh to know the disease status. Stem rot is a devastating disease of dragon fruit, prevailed all over the hills of Khagrachari district that infected about 82% of plants with variable degree of disease severity. The typical symptom of the stem rot disease of dragon fruit was characterized by sunken lesion covered by black pycnidial mass on the surface with yellow margin. Based on the morphological, molecular characterization and pathogenicity test (Koch’s postulates) the fungus was identified as Diaporthe phaseolorum. So far, to our knowledge dragon fruit is the new natural host of D. phaseolorum, is the first report causing stem rot disease in Bangladesh.

Purpose The purpose of this review was to provide a summary of the current agriculture determinants of economically important traits, and solutions for challenges in water buffalo production to maximize benefits for both producers and consumers. Sources A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the current state of knowledge of water buffalo published in high-quality peer-reviewed journals. The search revealed important progress in generation of knowledge about uses, economically important traits, challenges, and science-based solutions of water buffalo. Molecular determinants of key economically important traits such as longevity, disease resistance, milk production and quality, meat production and quality, growth and development, heat stress, and fertility are deciphered. Synthesis Water buffalo are important sources of food and fiber for the ever-increasing global human population. Drought-adapted water buffalo provide meat, and highly nutritious milk used to make cream, butter, yogurt, and cheese. Despite valuable contributions to agriculture and human well-being, there are current and emerging challenges and opportunities. High resolution sequencing of breeds and comprehensive annotation of the genomes are not yet available. In addition, there is a lack of fundamental knowledge about economically important traits including longevity, disease resistance, milk production and quality, meat production and quality, growth and development, heat tolerance, and fertility. With the advances in both basic science and technology, the gaps in the knowledge in these areas can be tackled with innovative research and systems biology approaches. In addition, the power of comparative animal and functional genomics can be harnessed to fill in the gaps. The core elements of sustainable solutions include education, innovative, transformative and translational research, and technology transfer. Conclusions and Applications Knowledge about the fundamental biology of water buffalo gives the power to improve sustainable, efficient, and profitable production. Although a considerable amount of information is available, providing new knowledge about the economically important traits will enable precision farming in water buffalo agriculture. New data and knowledge generated through the genome to phenome will uncover essential molecular, cellular, and physiological markers for marker-assisted selection and breeding to enhance the efficiency of reproduction and production as well as product quality. Future studies using systems physiology approaches will advance the science and technology for water buffalo. These new frontiers are important for empowering the next generation of animal scientists and the public as well as for food security on the global scale.

Plant virus diseases are significant constraints in agricultural production in Bangladesh. The hot and humid environmental conditions are highly favourable for the perpetuation of the viruses as well as vectors round the year. Although, the virus diseases are recorded in many crops, vegetables and pulses are most seriously affected. Several viruses belonging to the genera Begomovirus, Cucumovirus, Potyvirus and Tospovirus have been recorded during the last decade. Whitefly and thrips-transmitted viruses have emerged as major constraints in the horticultural crops. Management of viral diseases largely depends on the control of insect vectors by widespread application of insecticides. The epidemics of leaf curl, yellow vein, yellow mosaic and bud necrosis diseases were witnessed in the recent past. However, the knowledge of identity and diversity of viruses occurring in Bangladesh are largely lacking. This review provides the first comprehensive account of viral disease problems in the cultivation of several important crops and their management in Bangladesh.