Search

Surface treatment is one of the most important issues for obtaining high quality adhesive bonding. The main objective of this treatment is the removal of surface contaminants, the modification of surface roughness and the increase of surface free energy, without damaging the surface of the composite material. Nowadays, the treatments which are approved by the aeronautical sector for the surface preparation of CFRP prior to adhesive bonding are manual and some of them depend on the skills of the operator. Because of this, different automatable alternatives are being studied in order to substitute these traditional methods. One of these alternatives is the use of UV laser radiation. In this work the advanced surface characterization of CFRP surfaces treated with peel ply and processed with UV laser have been performed. Advanced techniques have been used in order to evaluate the changes that occur in the surface and which can be related to adhesiveness. Thus, techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface free energy determination and 3D optical confocal profilometry have been used to evaluate chemical and physical properties of treated surfaces. Obtained results show that UV laser radiation leads to surface changes which would improve the adhesiveness of the surfaces, although these changes suggest that the mechanism by which adhesion happens is different from the one which is related to peel ply. &nbsp

In view of data scarcity to guide decision-making in breastfeeding women, we evaluated how mRNA vaccines impact immune response of lactating health care workers (HCW) and the effector profile of breast milk transferred immune protection. We show that upon BNT162b2 vaccination, immune transfer via milk to suckling infants occurs through secretory IgA (SIgA) and T cells. Functionally, spike-SIgA was non-neutralizing and its titers were unaffected by vaccine boosting, indicating that spike-SIgA is produced in a T-cell independent manner by mammary gland. Even though their milk was devoid of neutralizing antibodies, we found that lactating women had higher frequencies of RBD-reactive circulating memory B cells and more RBD-IgG antibodies, when compared to controls. Nonetheless, blood neutralization titers in lactating and non-lactating HCW were similar. Further studies are required to determine transferred antibodies and spike-T cells complete functional profile and whether they can mediate protection in the suckling infant.HighlightsMilk and blood responses to BNT162b2 vaccine are initially isotype discordantImmune transfer via milk to suckling infants occurs by spike-reactive SIgA and T cellsSpike-reactive SIgA in the breastmilk is non-neutralizing and T-cell independentLactating vs non-lactating HCW had distinct cellular responses, despite similar NT50

Aims The implementation of the 2013 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Core Curriculum guidelines for acute cardiovascular care (acc) training among European countries is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the current status of acc training among cardiology trainees and young cardiologists (

Lepidoptera is a highly diverse insect order with major importance in agriculture as many species are considered pests. The role of the gut microbiota in insect physiology is still poorly understood, despite the research undertaken in recent years. Furthermore, Lepidoptera are holometabolous insects and few studies have addressed the influence of the changes taking place on the gut microbiome composition and diversity during metamorphosis, especially in monophagous species. The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced to investigate the microbiota composition and diversity of the monophagous moth Brithys crini during three different life stages: egg, larvae (midgut and hindgut), and adult (gut). Our results showed that the microbiota composition of B. crini was stage specific, indicating that the developmental stage is a main factor affecting the gut microbiome in composition and potential functions. Moreover, the diversity of the gut microbiome reflected the developmental process, since a drop in diversity occurred between the larval and the adult phase, when the intestine is completely renewed. In spite of the changes in the gut microbiota during metamorphosis, 29 genera were conserved throughout the three developmental stages, mainly belonging to the Proteobacteria phylum, which define the core microbiome of B. crini. These genera seem to contribute to host physiology by participating in food digestion, nutrition, and detoxification mechanisms.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy has now been implemented as a standard of care for elective colonic resection around the world. During the adoption period, studies showed that conversion may be detrimental to patients, with poorer outcomes than both laparoscopic completed or planned open surgery. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether laparoscopic conversion was associated with a higher major complication rate than planned open surgery in contemporary, international practice.METHODS: Combined analysis of the European Society of Coloproctology 2017 and 2015 audits. Patients were included if they underwent elective resection of a colonic segment from the caecum to the rectosigmoid junction with primary anastomosis. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day major complication rate, defined as Clavien-Dindo grade III-V.RESULTS: Of 3980 patients, 64% (2561/3980) underwent laparoscopic surgery and a laparoscopic conversion rate of 14% (359/2561). The major complication rate was highest after open surgery (laparoscopic 7.4%, converted 9.7%, open 11.6%, P < 0.001). After case mix adjustment in a multilevel model, only planned open (and not laparoscopic converted) surgery was associated with increased major complications in comparison to laparoscopic surgery (OR 1.64, 1.27-2.11, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate laparoscopic conversion should not be considered a treatment failure in modern practice. Conversion does not appear to place patients at increased risk of complications vs planned open surgery, supporting broadening of selection criteria for attempted laparoscopy in elective colonic resection.

Pulmonary regurgitation (PR) is a frequent complication after repair of congenital heart disease. Lymphocyte expression of adrenoceptors (1 and 2) and kinases (GRK2, GRK3, and GRK5) reflects the neurohumoral changes that occur in heart failure (HF). The main objective of this study was to describe the gene expression of these molecules in circulating lymphocytes in patients with severe PR.

Introduction: the dietary intake patterns of children should be monitored because of their influence on health in adulthood. It is now widely accepted that childhood nutrition is linked to specific diseases such as obesity and to risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Therefore, knowledge of dietary intake during childhood may be useful to identify possible risk factors for disease in adulthood. The main focus of research into children's diets has been the contribution of macronutrients and micronutrients. Objective: several indices have been developed for assessing the diet quality of previously defined population groups. The aim of the present study was to compare the nutritional status of Andalusian children and adolescents and examine the relationship between their diet quality and socio-demographic or lifestyle factors. Results and conclusions: the food intake of the younger children in this study was closer to RDIs compared with the adolescents, who generally reported a lower energy supply in their diet than the recommended. The mean (SD) diet quality score was 12.1 (1.9) for the younger children (6-9 years) and 9.4 (3.2) for the older group (10-17 years), a statistically significant difference. A good correlation was found between energy intake (MJ/kg body weight) and estimated energy (MET MJ/kg body weight).

The use of ventricular assist devices has spread widely in the pediatric population affected of congenital heart disease. In this group of patients, there is a great variability of scenarios at the moment of designing the ventricular assistance strategy, due to the great diversity of congenital heart diseases. Due to the rarity and scarcity of publications found in the literature, we present the clinical case and the strategy of ventricular assistance performed in an 11-year-old boy who presented with cardiogenic shock due to a severe left ventricular idiopathic myocardiopathy, which associated a severe pulmonary valve regurgitation with right ventricular dysfunction secondary to a pulmonary debanding performed at 21 months of age. (C) 2019 Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Toracica-Cardiovascular. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U.

Since 2016 field experiments and greenhouse tests have been started to expose plants of different olive cultivars and selections to high pressure of bacterial inoculum, either by vector-mediated transmission or by needle inoculation of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca ST53. The majority of the cultivars/selection under evaluation were from propagations obtained from the World Olive Germplasm Bank (CAP-UCO-IFAPA). All the accessions under evaluation have been identified by both morphological and molecular markers. The results collected from the first field experiment set in 2016 in the infected area with 19 cultivars, showed that after two seasons of exposure to the population of infected vectors, natural infections have occurred for all cultivars, although with significantly different incidences.The data collected in this experimental parcel confirmed the evidence recovered in the past years in the commercial orchards: Leccino showed the lowest incidence of infections (8.3%), whereas infections in Cellina di Nardò and Ogliarola reached 35% and 37.5%, respectively. Among the remaining 16 cultivars: (i) Toscanina, Maiatica and Simone showed infection rate below 10% (i.e. close to that recorded for Leccino); (ii) Pendolino, Oliastro, Bella di Spagna, Itrana showed the highest infection rates comprised between 30% and 45%. Intermediate values, between 15% and 30%, were recorded for the remaining cultivars. Similarly, for the second group of 60 accessions from IFAPA whose experiments started in 2017, results from field evaluations and needle inoculations allowed to differentiate them in three categories according to the infection rates. Indeed, initial symptoms of shoot dieback were recorded on some accessions in the greenhouse experiments. However, especially for the field experiments affected by the weather and climatic conditions, observations and quantitative assays need to be prolonged in order to acquire conclusive data from multi-year surveys.

In this work we study the quantum system with the symmetric Razavy potential and show how to find its exact solutions. We find that the solutions are given by the confluent Heun functions. The eigenvalues have to be calculated numerically. The properties of the wave functions depending on $m$ are illustrated graphically for a given potential parameter $\xi$. We find that the even and odd wave functions with definite parity are changed to odd and even wave functions when the potential parameter $m$ increases. This arises from the fact that the parity, which is a defined symmetry for very small $m$, is completely violated for large $m$. We also notice that the energy levels $\epsilon_{i}$ decrease with the increasing potential parameter $m$., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures and 1 table

En la presente nota se informa del primer registro de arte rupestre en los canales de Tierra del Fuego. El sitio se ubica en el sector del seno Ponsonby junto a la isla Hoste, en la porción central del territorio atribuido al pueblo canoero Yagán. Martín González Calderón, de origen yagán, revela la presencia de este sitio conocido por herencia cultural. Se plantea la necesidad de su resguardo por la comunidad indígena a la cual pertenece.

In order to contribute to the knowledge of the fungal diversity in the Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido, a taxonomic revision of the species collected throught 2014 has been made, classified in three levels: a) new or very special interest species, b) interesting or uncommon species, c) other species. Given the breadth of the territory that has been studied, prospecting areas have been limited to the bassins of the Ara, Arazas, Bellós, Yaga and Cinca rivers. 311 taxa were identified, corresponding 240 to Phyllum Basidiomycota, 61 to Ascomycota and 10 to Myxomycota; the most representative orders are Agaricales, Russulales, Pezizales, Polyporales, Boletales and Helotiales. Among the identified species, have been found 9 between the proposals for the catalog of protected species of the Iberian Peninsula and/ or Aragón. In this paper a first contribution to the catalog is showed, first as a list of all identified taxa and then, a taxonomic description with its macro and microscopic iconography for 16 of them, corresponding with interesting or uncommon species., Se realiza una revisión taxonómica de las especies fúngicas recolectadas a lo largo del año 2014 en el Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido con la finalidad de contribuir al conocimiento de la biodiversidad, clasificándolas en tres niveles: a) especies nuevas o de muy especial interés, b) especies interesantes o poco frecuentes, y c) resto de especies. Dada la amplitud del territorio estudiado, las zonas de prospección se han limitado a las cuencas de los ríos Ara, Arazas, Bellós, Yaga y Cinca. Se determinaron 311 taxones, correspondiendo 240 al Phyllum Basidiomycota, 61 a Ascomycota y 10 a Myxomycota; los órdenes más representativos son Agaricales, Russulales, Pezizales, Polyporales, Boletales y Helotiales. Entre las especies determinadas se han encontrado 9 entre las propuestas para el catálogo de especies protegidas de la Península Ibérica y/o de Aragón. En el presente trabajo se presenta una primera aportación al catálogo, en primer lugar en forma de listado de todos los taxones determinados y a continuación una descripción taxonómica con su iconografía macro y microscópica de 16 de ellos, que corresponden a especies interesantes o poco frecuentes.

Background: Several studies have reported the direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to hepatocyte-like cells with different degrees of maturation by expression of hepatic fate-conversion factors. Methods: We have used a combination of lentiviral vectors expressing hepatic fate-conversion factors with Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and Myc to convert mouse embryonic fibroblasts into hepatic cells. Results: We have generated hepatic cells with progenitor-like features (iHepL cells). iHepL cells displayed basic hepatocyte functions but failed to perform functions characteristic of mature hepatocytes such as significant Cyp450 or urea cycle activities. iHepL cells expressed multiple hepatic-specific transcription factors and functional genes characteristic of immature hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, as well as high levels of Foxl1, Cd24a, and Lgr5, specific markers of hepatic progenitor cells. When transplanted into partial hepatectomized and hepatic irradiated mice, they differentiated into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. However, iHepL cells formed malignant non-teratoma cell aggregations in one out of five engrafted livers and five out of five xenografts assays. All the cells in these tumors had silenced key hepatic fate-conversion factors, and lost hepatic features. Conclusions: This study highlights the dangers of using pluripotency factors in reprogramming strategies when fate-conversion factors are silenced in vivo, and urges us to perform extensive tumorigenic tests in reprogrammed cells.

Technologies of recommender systems are being increasingly adopted by Location Based Social Networks (LBSNs) with the purpose of recommending Pointsof-Interest (POIs) to their users, and different contextual characteristics have been incorporated to enhance this process. Among these characteristics, the time at which users express their preferences (typically, by checking-in to different POIs) and ask for recommendations, is frequently referred as a first-order feature in this process. However, even when its influence on improving the accuracy of recommendations has been empirically demonstrated, time is still mainly considered through a monogranular representation (one-hour or one-day blocks). In this article, we introduce a POI recommendation approach based on a multigranular characterization of time, composed of hour, day-of-the-week, and month. Based on this concept, we propose two representations of user check-ins: one that directly extends a monogranular proposal of time for POI recommendations, and other based on a statistical representation of check-in distributions in time. For both representations, corresponding algorithms to compute user similarity and preference prediction are introduced. The experimental evaluation shows promising results in terms of accuracy and scalability.

Objective. To determine the association between oxidative stress parameters with periodontal disease, bleeding, and the presence of different periodontal bacteria. Methods. A cross-sectional study in a sample of eighty-six patients, divided into three groups depending on their periodontal status. Thirty-three with chronic periodontitis, sixteen with gingivitis, and thirty-seven with periodontal healthy as control. Oxidative stress biomarkers (8-OHdG and MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and the activity of two antioxidant enzymes (GPx and SOD) were determined in saliva. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from the deepest periodontal pocket and PCR was used to determine the presence of the 6 fimA genotypes of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola. Results. Periodontal disease was found to be associated with increased oxidative stress parameter levels. These levels rose according to the number and type of different periodontal bacteria found in the periodontal pockets. The presence of different types of periodontal bacteria is predictive independent variables in linear regresion models of oxidative stress parameters as dependent variable, above all 8-OHdG. Conclusions. Oxidative stress parameter levels are correlated with the presence of different types of bacteria. Determination of these levels and periodontal bacteria could be a potent tool for controlling periodontal disease development.

This study presents the Fisher information for the position-dependent mass Schr��dinger equation with hyperbolical potential {$V(x)=-V_0{\rm csch}^2(ax)$}. The analysis of the quantum-mechanical probability for the ground and exited states $(n=0, 1, 2)$ has been obtained via the Fisher's information. This controls both chemical and physical properties of some molecular systems. The Fisher information is considered only for $x>0$ due to the singular point at $x=0$. We found that Fisher-information-based uncertainty relation and the Cramer-Rao inequality holds. Some relevant numerical results are presented. The results presented shows that the Cramer-Rao and the Heisenberg products in both spaces provide a natural measure for anharmonicity of {$-V_0{\rm csch}^2(ax)$}

The construction of reinforced concrete diaphragm walls under Encarnación Square comes after the demolition in 1972 of the antique “Mercado de Abastos”. Those works were included into the administrative concession of the Sevilla City Council for the constructions of a new market and underground parking. As the project annex, were made the calculation of the building’s diaphragm walls would contain 3 levels underground, with the conditioning factors to avoid damages on the buildings and roads around. The wall’s execution started on July and finished on November 2002. A total of 8835 m2 and 1840 m2 were built with 80 cm and 100 cm of thickness respectively. Once the containment structure was finished, the anchorages works begin between May and September 2003. This investigation exposes the calculation method used for the walls and anchors and shows the graphic of deformation obtained by inclinometers. La construcción de las pantallas en el solar de la plaza de la Encarnación, surge tras la demolición en 1972 del Antiguo Mercado de Abastos. Esta actuación estaba englobada dentro de la concesión administrativa que el Ayuntamiento de Sevilla adjudicó para la construcción de un nuevo Mercado y Aparcamiento Subterráneo. Como anejo del proyecto, se calcularon las pantallas que albergarían 3 niveles bajo rasante, con los condicionantes de minimizar la afección a los edificios y viales circundantes. Las pantallas se realizaron entre Julio y Noviembre de 2002. Se construyeron un total de 8.835 m2 y 1.840 m2 de pantalla de espesor 80 y 100 cm respectivamente. Con la estructura de contención ejecutada, comienzan a realizarse los anclajes provisionales entre mayo y septiembre de 2003. La investigación expone el método de cálculo utilizado para las pantallas y anclajes, los gráficos de deformación y la comprobación con lo realmente medido con los inclinómetros.

In this paper, we study the representativeness of web-based methods by identifying individual demographic and socio-political determinants of several dimensions of Internet penetration and types of use. As a theoretical framework, we use both the Total Survey Error (TSE) and the theory of the Digital Divide. Models are built using the Spanish CIS databank: Internet usage and penetration variables are used as dependent and demographics and socio-political attitudes as independent variables. Overall findings confirm the existence of key differences between online and offline populations. Women, the elderly, the less educated, lower social classes, rural and religious populations are less likely to have access or to use the Internet. No differences, however, were found by gender regarding Access and E-mail usage; using the Internet for management purposes is more likely among the 25-44 years old than among the 18-25 set. Regarding socio-political attitudes, Internet users are less religious, have a stronger political identity and a more critical view of the political system and mainstream parties. Further research on Internet penetration definitions -places of connection, devices for access and skills of users- is needed given the growing complexity of the scenarios that characterize the access and use of the Internet today.

This article makes a comparative study of two types of methods used in building construction. On one hand, the creation of drawings uses direct method, basically by measuring and sketching without instruments and, on the other hand, the creation of these plans by modern laser scanning. The aim is to analyze the accuracy of final results and to consider the technical and other resources needed to carry out each method. Two different works, concerning the same building are compared. More specifically works consist of plan views and section views from a project executed and a scanning with laser technology performed of some parts of the same building. From there we will take out the appropriate cross-section slices to get the information needed to make plan and section views. The outcome will be to get information on the level of accuracy and to assess the technical effort required in each case. El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en realizar un estudio comparativo entre dos procedimientos utilizados en el levantamiento de un edificio: método directo sin instrumentación y escaneado láser que proporciona nubes de puntos de gran densidad. Se pretende analizar el grado de exactitud de los resultados y los recursos y medios técnicos precisos para llevar a cabo cada una de las tecnologías. La metodología consistirá en comparar dos trabajos relativos al mismo edificio. Por un lado, se cuenta con unos planos de planta y sección de un proyecto orientado a la rehabilitación del edificio. Por otra parte, se utiliza un escaneado con tecnología láser, del que se tomará una selección de puntos precisa para obtener la información necesaria para poder realizar los planos de planta y sección, equivalentes a los anteriores. El resultado consistirá en tener una información del grado de exactitud de cada método, valorando el esfuerzo técnico que requiere cada uno de ellos.

La barriada del Parque Alcosa se localiza en el noroeste del núcleo urbano de Sevilla, y está formada por un conjunto de 10.640 viviendas de promoción pública construida durante los años 69-72 por el constructor valenciano Alfredo Corral. Existen tres modelos de edificación diferentes que responden a fases de construcción, siendo objeto de estudio en este artículo la correspondiente a la primera fase, comprendidas por las calles Ciudad de Játiva, Gandía, Sueca, Onteniente, Carcagente, Burjasot, Godella, Alfafar, Buñol, Paterna y Oliva. El presente trabajo expone el análisis de las patologías constructivas comunes existentes en la fase 1 del Parque Alcosa, relacionadas con el carácter potencialmente expansivo de los terrenos donde se ubica. Así mismo se desarrollan las soluciones constructivas de la intervención proyectada, llevado a cabo mediante el programa de Rehabilitación Singular de Edificios de la Empresa Pública del Suelo de Andalucía. The Parque Alcosa district is located in northwestern area of Seville. It consists of 10,640 public housing development,that was promoted throughout the years 69-72 by the builder Alfredo Corral. There are three different building types which correspond to the different building stages. This article focuses on the the first one, which includes the streets, Ciudad de Jativa, Gandía, Sueca, Onteniente, Carcagente, Burjasot, Godella, Alfafar, Buñol, Paterna y Oliva. The present paper provides a constructive analisys of common building pathologies in phase 1 of Parque Alcosa, related to the potentially expansive features of the land where it is located. This paper also describes the structural sollutions for the projected intervention designed by the architect who subscribes, and was supported by the Public Land Company of Andalusia, under the Singular Building Rehabilitation program.

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by ectopic expression of the four factors Oct4, Klf4, Sox2, and Myc. Here, we investigated the role of Gata4 in the reprogramming process and present evidence for a negative role of this family of transcription factors in the induction of pluripotency. Coexpression of Gata4 with Oct4, Klf4, and Sox2 with or without Myc in mouse embryonic fibroblasts greatly impaired reprogramming and endogenous Nanog expression. The lack of Nanog upregulation was associated with a blockade in the transition from the initiation phase of reprogramming to the full pluripotent state characteristic of iPS cells. Addition of Nanog to the reprogramming cocktail blocked the deleterious effects observed with Gata4 expression. Downregulation of endogenous Gata4 by short hairpin RNAs during reprogramming both accelerated and increased the efficiency of the process and augmented the mRNA levels of endogenous Nanog. Using comparative genomics, we identified a consensus binding site for Gata factors in an evolutionary conserved region located 9 kb upstream of the Nanog gene. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, gel retardation, and luciferase assays, we found that Gata4 bound to this region and inhibited Nanog transcription in mouse embryonic stem cells. Overall, our results describe for first time the negative effect of Gata4 in the reprogramming of somatic cells and highlight the role of Gata factors in the transcriptional networks that control cell lineage choices in the early embryo.

Relaxed, massive galactic objects have been identified at redshifts z = 4;5; and 6 in hydrodynamical simulations run in a large cosmological volume. This allowed us to analyze the assembly patterns of the high mass end of the galaxy distribution at these high zs, by focusing on their structural and dynamical properties. Our simulations indicate that massive objects at high redshift already follow certain scaling relations. These relations define virial planes at the halo scale, whereas at the galactic scale they define intrinsic dynamical planes that are, however, tilted relative to the virial plane. Therefore, we predict that massive galaxies must lie on fundamental planes from their formation. We briefly discuss the physical origin of the tilt in terms the physical processes underlying massive galaxy formation at high z, in the context of a two-phase galaxy formation scenario. Specifically, we have found that it lies on the different behavior of the gravitationally heated gas as compared with cold gas previously involved in caustic formation, and the mass dependence of the energy available to heat the gas., 12 pages, 1 figure. Accepted to Astrophysical Journal Letters

We estimate the impact of the two previous influenza seasonal vaccines and the pandemic vaccine on risk of A (H1N1) 2009 laboratory confirmed hospitalizations during the autumn 2009 pandemic wave in Castellon, Spain. We conducted a test-negative, hospital-based, case-control study. Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 infection was detected in 147(44%) of 334 patients hospitalized for a presumptive influenza related illness. No effect was observed for the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 seasonal influenza vaccines. However, the pandemic vaccine was associated with an adjusted vaccine effectiveness of 90% (95% CI, 48-100%). Pandemic vaccines were effective in preventing pandemic influenza associated hospitalizations. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Mediterranean diet is receiving increasing attention in cardiovascular epidemiology. The association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with the incidence of hypertension was evaluated among 9,408 men and women enrolled in a dynamic Spanish prospective cohort study during 1999–2005. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline with a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, and a 9-point Mediterranean diet score was constructed. During a median follow-up period of 4.2 years (range, 1.9–7.9), 501 incident cases of hypertension were identified. After adjustment for major hypertension risk factors and nutritional covariates, adherence to the Mediterranean diet was not associated with hypertension (the hazard ratio was 1.10 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81, 1.41) for moderate adherence and 1.12 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.60) for high adherence). However, it was associated with reduced changes in mean levels of systolic blood pressure (moderate adherence, 2.4 mm Hg (95% CI: 4.0, 0.8); high adherence, 3.1 mm Hg (95% CI: 5.4, 0.8)) and diastolic blood pressure (moderate adherence, 1.3 mm Hg (95% CI: 2.5, 0.1); high adherence, 1.9 mm Hg (95% CI: 3.6, 0.1)) after 6 years of follow-up. These results suggest that adhering to a Mediterranean-type diet could contribute to the prevention of age-related changes in blood pressure.

Los parámetros hemodinámicas monitorizados durante la Prueba de Basculación (PB) sufren perturbaciones que pueden degradar considerablemente los resultados de su análisis. Asumiendo independencia estadística entre las fuentes de interés y los artefactos, en este artículo se propone un procedimiento de identificación de artefactos basado en la teoría del Análisis de Componentes Independientes (ACI). Registros de Frecuencia Cardiaca, Presión Arterial Sistólica, Presión Arterial Diastólica y Volumen de Expulsión Cardiaco monitorizados en pacientes sometidos a la PB, se procesaron mediante el método de ACI. Este procedimiento permitió identificar satisfactoriamente artefactos debidos a extrasístoles cuando no existían perturbaciones de otra naturaleza, si bien su capacidad de identificación resultó ser menor en presencia de artefactos debidos a errores en la estimación de intervalos RR. La identificación de artefactos en registros hemodinámicos multidimensionales es potencialmente abordable mediante esquemas de ACI. Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones

espanolObjetivo: Describir el analisis del resultado quirurgico de las enucleaciones o evisceraciones realizadas en 370 pacientes en nuestro centro durante 11 anos (1990-2000). Se estudio el tipo de correccion realizada y las complicaciones asociadas al procedimiento quirurgico. Metodos: Estudio retrospectivo de las historias clinicas de los pacientes que fueron sometidos a los procedimientos mencionados. El cirujano (FS) fue siempre el mismo. Se consideraron los datos demograficos, el diagnostico, la cirugia ocular previa y asociada, las caracteristicas de los implantes o injertos, el seguimiento y las complicaciones postoperatorias. Resultados: Se realizaron 161 enucleaciones y 209 evisceraciones. El 98,4% de estos procedimientos se asocio a la colocacion de algun tipo de implante o injerto. Durante los primeros 6 anos del estudio se colocaron injertos lipodermicos en el 58,8% de las operaciones realizadas. En los ultimos 5 anos, el implante de hidroxiapatita constituyo el 90,9% de los casos intervenidos. En 39 de los 369 pacientes (10,6%) se observaron 58 complicaciones, las cuales requirieron algun tipo de cirugia. Conclusiones: Los implantes de hidroxiapatita consiguieron una excelente reconstruccion de la orbita anoftalmica, y mejoraron los resultados esteticos y de motilidad. En nuestro medio los injertos lipodermicos siguen constituyendo una buena alternativa. Aunque se observaron algunas complicaciones con las diferentes tecnicas, muy pocos casos requirieron una nueva intervencion quirurgica. EnglishPurpose: To analyze the surgical results in 370 patients who underwent enucleation or evisceration at our center, during a period of 11 years (1990-2000), determining the kind of correction used and the complications associated with the procedure. Methods: This was a retrospective study of medical records from all patients who underwent surgery by the same surgeon (FS) in the Oculoplastic Department. Demographic data, diagnosis, previous and associated ophthalmic surgeries, implant or graft characteristics, follow up period and postoperative complications were determined in all patients. Results: One hundred sixty-one enucleations and 209 eviscerations were performed. Some kind of implant or graft was associated with 98.4% of these procedures. During the first 6 years of the study, lipodermal grafts were performed in 58.8% of the total, while in the last 5 years hydroxyapatite implants were performed in 90.9% of the cases. In 39 (10.6%) of 369 patients with registered follow up data, 58 complications requiring surgical correction were observed. Conclusions: Hydroxyapatite implants gave an excellent anophthalmic socket reconstruction, and improved esthetic and motility results. Lipodermal grafts were an excellent alternative in our environment. We observed some complications with the different techniques, but only a few required surgical correction

During the gametogenic cycle of Mytilus, we observed atresic phenomena in gametes at different cycle stages. Gametes are degraded both within the follicle and throughout the gonoduct. This degradation shows two consecutive phases: lysis of cytoplasmatic structures and membranes, more evident in oocytes; and haemocytic digestion of lisated material. Environmental factors clearly influence this phenomenon. Atresia is intense in winter, decreases during spring, and rises again at the end of the gonadal cycle. In winter, it is related to overmaturation of gametes due to unfavourable conditions for stimulating spawning (low temperatures and lack of food availability). In summer, the high temperatures trigger the end of gametogenic cycle, and total degeneration and resorption of gonadal tissue. Durante el desarrollo gametogénico de Mytilus se han observado fenómenos de atresia de gametos en distintos momentos del ciclo. La degradación se produce en los folículos gonadales y a lo largo del gonoducto, e incluye dos etapas consecutivas: lisis de las estructuras y membranas citoplasmáticas, más evidente en ovocitos, y digestión hemocitaria del material lisado. La influencia de factores ambientales en este fenómeno es clara. La atresia es intensa en invierno, disminuye durante la primavera y vuelve a aumentar al final del ciclo gametogénico. En invierno se relaciona con la sobremaduración de gametos debida a condiciones desfavorables para el desove (bajas temperaturas y escasez de alimento). En verano, las altas temperaturas determinan la finalización del ciclo gametogénico y la degeneración y resorción total del tejido gonadal. Instituto Español de Oceanografía

El Mapa de anomalías de Bouguer de la Cuenca de Almazán muestra que está caracterizada por un mínimo relativo centrado en las proximidades de la localidad de Almazán. La sustracción del efecto gravimétrico del relleno sedimentario terciario de la Cuenca al mapa de anomalías de Bouguer observado muestra que fuentes más profundas producen una máximo relativo positivo. La restitución de líneas sísmicas de reflexión ha permitido elaborar un mapa de isobatas de la base del Terciario que, junto con el valor del contraste de densidad entre los sedimentos terciarios y los materiales infrayacentes, calculado a partir del density log del sondeo El Gredal, ha sido utilizado para estimar dicho efecto gravimétrico. La modelización de tres perfiles gravimétricos transversales a la cuenca y un perfil longitudinal a la misma sugiere que la corteza tiene una geometría dómica que justifica el máximo relativo encontrado. Los límites corteza superior-media, corteza media-inferior y el Moho ascienden con respecto a áreas limítrofes. La situación de este domo coincide con la zona topográficamente más elevada dentro de la cuenca y su ápice constituye la zona central de la disposición radial de la red de drenaje en el área. Estas evidencias parecen relacionar esta estructura con la extensión que se produce en el Mioceno en el NE peninsular. Estos resultados plantean la necesidad de realizar investigaciones geofísicas en esta área y en toda la Cordillera Ibérica que contrasten modelos existentes y permitan profundizar en su evolución tectónica desde el Neógeno hasta la actualidad. [ABSTRACT] Almazán Basin Bouguer Anomaly map shows that the basin is characterised by a relative gravity low east of Almazán town. Substracting the theoretical anomaly gravity map due to the sedimentary filling to the observed gravity map, a new map depicts a relative positive gravity maximum. Restitution of seismic profiles provides an isopach map of the Tertiary sediments. Density contrast between the Tertiary sedimentary infill and the basement, calculated from El Gredal well, has been used to calculate the theoretical anomaly gravity map. Modelling of four gravity profiles (three of them transversal to the basin and one longitudinal to it) suggets a domic crustal shape that justifies the gravity relative maximum. Upper-Middle crust, Middle-Lowest crust and Moho boundaries upraise with regard to neighbouring areas. The domic shape coincides with the most elevated area inside the basin and its apex coincides with the radial feature of the drainage network. These evidences seem to relate the crustal structure to the tectonic extension generated in the NE of the Spanish Peninsula during Miocene. These results consider the necessity of carrying out more geophysical research in this area and in the whole Iberian Range so the existing models can be contrasted and the geological evolution since the Neogene to present times can be understood.

Se planteará la relación entre la música punk y las drogodependencias. Se analizan un total de 113 referencias a las drogas, referencias obtenidas a partir del análisis porme¬norizado de un total de 10 grupos musicales enmarcables en el estilo musical punk español. Los resultados indican una presencia cruda y dura de la temática de la droga en este contexto musical y cultural, las drogas de las que se habla son tanto las tradicio¬nalmente consideradas como «duras» como las «blandas», encontramos una cierta legitimación del consumo y una inserción del mismo en los estilos de vida cotidianos que representan las canciones.

One of the aims of bivalve culture is obtaining high quality broodstocks in hatcheries. Spawning feasibility depends on a suitable breeder's feeding, and can be artificially induced. Some external factors (environmental) and internal (neuroendocrinal) seem to contribute to gamete maturation. Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1873) gametogenic cycle is characterised by long resting periods during which a high rate of degradation and cellular atresia has been observed. There are also remarkable differences between male and female protein profiles during gametogenic development. Our group has been searching for molecular indicators of the state of maturation, and the most suitable moment for spawning induction. One of our most promising results was the appearance of a membrane protein in females thought to be a signal receptor in oocyte maturation and spawning., El cultivo de bivalvos se ve limitado por la obtención de semilla de calidad en los criaderos. El éxito de las puestas depende de la alimentación adecuada de los reproductores, y pueden ser inducidas artificialmente mediante choque osmótico, térmico u otras técnicas. Algunos factores externos, como los ambientales, e internos, de carácter neuroendocrino, parecen contribuir a la maduración de los gametos. El ciclo gametogénico de Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1873) se caracteriza por largos periodos de reposo gonadal, en los que se ha encontrado una tasa elevada de degradación y atresia celular. También se aprecian diferencias considerables entre hembras y machos en los perfiles proteínicos durante el desarrollo gametogénico. El presente trabajo está orientado a la búsqueda de marcadores del estado de madurez de los gametos como indicadores del momento más adecuado para inducir la puesta. Uno de los resultados obtenidos ha sido la visualización de una proteína de membrana en hembras, que se muestra en la fase de madurez de los ovocitos y en las puestas, que podría constituir uno de los macadores buscados., Instituto Español de Oceanografía

The addition of small amounts of cerous chloride, as inhibitor of hot dip galvanised steel corrosión in aerated 3,5% NaCl solutions is studied. The results found so far, carried out by electrochemical techniques and accelerated tests, show a clear decrease in the zinc dissolution rate. The analysis of polarization curves and specimen surface suggest, in accordance with literature, that cerium acts as a cathodic inhibitor, blocking the oxygen reduction centers. Alternate immersion tests developed an excellent behaviour of specimens pre-treated in cerium containing solutions, compared to those without treatments. A rich cerium film is responsible of the improvement in the protective properties. These results prove the possibilities of cerium as an alternative treatment to those based on chromates, which are very effective on these materials but highly toxic. Se estudia la adición de pequeñas cantidades de tricloruro de cerio, como inhibidor de la corrosión de aceros galvanizados, en disoluciones aireadas de NaCl al 3,5 %. Los resultados encontrados hasta la fecha, obtenidos mediante técnicas electroquímicas y ensayos acelerados en laboratorio, muestran una clara reducción de la velocidad de disolución del cinc. Del análisis de los diagramas de polarización y de la superficie del electrodo, se deduce, de acuerdo con la bibliografía, que el cerio se comporta como un inhibidor catódico, bloqueando los centros de reducción de oxígeno disuelto. Los ensayos de inmersión alternada revelaron un excelente comportamiento de las probetas pretratadas en disoluciones que contenían cloruros de cerio, frente a aquellas que carecían de tratamiento. La formación de una película rica en cerio es la responsable del aumento de la capacidad protectora del acero galvanizado. Estos resultados confirman las posibilidades del cerio como posible sustituto de los tratamientos basados en cromatos, muy efectivos en estos materiales, pero altamente contaminantes.

El tratamiento de datos topográficos a partir de Modelos Digitales del Terreno, mediante un Sistema de Información Geográfica de tipo matricial permite obtener información geomorfométrica. La obtención de un parámetro secundario, a partir de la variabilidad de las pendientes y sus orientaciones en un entorno espacial definido, da lugar a la elaboración de mapas de rugosidad. Los valores obtenidos por este método son de carácter cualitativo, y se expresan como zonas de rugosidad alta, media o baja. La interpretación de estos mapas permite identificar, por un lado, alineaciones de rugosidades altas en un entorno de baja rugosidad, o bien zonas, más o menos extensas, de rugosidades contrastadas. Fundamentalmente, el parámetro permite identificar las discontinuidades geomorfométricas, tales como rupturas de pendiente, encajamientos fluviales y líneas de cresta, relacionados con contactos litológicos o estructuras tectónicas, teniendo siempre en cuenta el tamaño de celda del Modelo Digital del Terreno como límite inferior de las dimensiones de las formas de relieve representables. Dependiendo de la resolución del Modelo utilizado, la información obtenida tendrá un carácter más o menos regional

not available

A 30 year old patient with isolated retroperitoneal hydatid cyst was the first case of this type to be studied by CT scanning. Isolated retroperitoneal hydatid cyst is defined as any zone of hydatidosis occurring in the fatty tissue of the spaces lying behind posterior parietal peritoneum, without any parasitic foci in other organs. Differential diagnosis from other primary retroperitoneal cysts has been improved by the availability of modern imaging procedures: ultrasonography and CT scan.