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Each year in the United States, food banks receive more than one million kilograms of donated hunted game meat. The National Rifle Association’s (NRA’s) Hunters for the Hungry initiative has established programs in more than 40 states for hunters to take their harvested game animal to a meat processing facility and indicate intent to donate the resulting processed and packaged meat to a local food bank. Most donated game meat is ground deer meat (venison); other donated game includes wild hog and goose. Even though the presence of ammunition-derived metallic lead fragments in donated firearms-hunted meat has been recognized for more than a decade, most of the donated hunted meat is not inspected to discard meat containing lead fragments. An underlying lack of food safety standards for adulterated donated food increases risks to low-income recipients, who are already disproportionately affected by elevated blood lead levels (BLLs).2 Primary prevention is needed for this overlooked source of lead exposure.

Three-dimensional positional changes of the temporomandibular joint after mandible reconstruction using microvascular fibula flaps were investigated in 58 patients. The results of preoperative virtually planned surgery, intraoperative resection- and cutting-guided surgery, and non-guided surgery were compared. Pre- and postoperative computed tomography data of each patient were processed and superimposed digitally. The condyle deviations and rotations along the axes and planes of the skull, as well as Euclidean distances, were determined. Reliability analyses, descriptive statistics, and non-parametric tests were performed with the alpha level set at P = 0.05. Reliability proved to be excellent for all variables. The median Euclidean distance was 2.07 mm for the left condyle and 2.11 mm for the right condyle. Deviations of ≥ 10 mm occurred in nine (16%) cases. The maximum deviation occurred in the horizontal plane and the least deviation in the sagittal plane. Median rotation was ≤ 1.4° around all axes. The condylar displacements did not differ significantly between the different surgical techniques investigated. The three-dimensional measurement method applied is highly reliable for evaluating the three-dimensional condylar position after mandibular reconstruction.

O Sistema Integrado de Administração Financeira do Governo Federal – SIAFI é uma ferramenta informatizada desenvolvida para processar e controlar a execução orçamentária, financeira, patrimonial e contábil dos órgãos da Administração Pública Federal. Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar como se relacionam a aceitação de tecnologia e o nível de satisfação dos usuários finais do SIAFI no contexto de uma instituição de ensino federal. Para isso, se utiliza dos estudos inerentes à aceitação e uso de tecnologia e da satisfação do usuário final de computação, mais especificamente do modelo da Teoria Unificada de Aceitação e Uso de Tecnologia (UTAUT) e do modelo de identificação da Satisfação do Usuário Final com a Computação (EUCS). Os dados utilizados foram primários, originários das respostas de 51 usuários do SIAFI a uma survey. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se análises de variáveis por meio de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais pelos Mínimos Quadrados Parciais (PLS-SEM). Os resultados das análises confirmaram seis das oito hipóteses analisadas, corroborando que os constructos pertencentes ao modelo UTAUT, comportam-se como preditores da satisfação dos usuários finais do SIAFI, mensurados pelos constructos do modelo EUCS.

Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a late complication of cataract surgery. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery at the Regional Ophthalmology Center of Aragua and Hospital Central de Maracay during the period from March to August 2022. A quantitative investigation was developed, with a non-experimental, descriptive design. The study was prospective and longitudinal in a population of 148 patients for a sample of 45 eyes of 45 patients who presented cataracts and underwent surgery using extracapsular extraction and phacoemulsification techniques. Results: 6 cases of CME were presented, representing a frequency of 13%. The average age was 66 ± SD 12.49 years, 50% of the cases were between 65 and 71 years. 67% corresponded to the female sex, with the same frequency of 50% for both eyes. 67% presented corrected visual acuity less than 20/80 at the fourth week, this frequency rising to 83% at the sixth week; 18% presented a central foveal thickness greater than 241 µm in the fourth week, maintaining this value in the sixth. 67% of the patients were operated on by the EECC technique and the rest by FACO. Conclusion: CME is a post-surgical cataract complication, being higher in advanced age, female sex and with the application of the EECC technique. Patients with CME presented progressive deterioration of visual acuity and foveal thickening, observing that the lower the corrected visual acuity, the greater the foveal thickness.

Recent studies suggest children’s exploratory play is consistent with formal accounts of rational learning. Here we focus on the tension between this view and a nearly ubiquitous feature of human play: In play, people subvert normal utility functions, incurring seemingly unnecessary costs to achieve arbitrary rewards. We show that four-and-five-year-old children not only infer playful behavior from observed violations of rational action (Experiment 1), but themselves take on unnecessary costs during both retrieval (Experiment 2) and search (Experiments 3A–B) tasks, despite acting efficiently in non-playful, instrumental contexts. We discuss the value of such apparently utility-violating behavior and why it might serve learning in the long run.

ZusammenfassungZunehmende Trockenheit erhöht landwirtschaftliche Bewässerungsbedarfe. Erstmalige Grundwasserentnahmeanträge sowie Erweiterungsanträge nehmen zu. Damit verändern sich langjährige Gleichgewichte unter den Grundwassernutzern (Trinkwassergewinnung, Ökosystemschutz, Gewässerunterhaltung, Forstwirtschaft, Landwirtschaft, Verwaltung, Öffentlichkeit). Widerstände gegen Behördenentscheidungen könnten anwachsen. Um diesbezüglich potenzielle ressourcenzehrende Reibungsverluste zu verringern und stattdessen kooperatives Handeln anzustoßen, erprobten Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachen und Landesamt für Bergbau, Energie und Geologie mit ausgewählten Landkreisen in zwei Projekten (Netzwerke Wasser) neuartige governance-basierte Handlungsansätze. Runde Tische mit Stakeholdervertretern wurden eingerichtet zwecks Kennenlernens, Kompetenzerweiterung und Vertrauensbildung. Während ganztägiger „Netzwerktreffen“ wurden regionalspezifische Fachinformationen einschließlich der Bestimmungsfaktoren für landwirtschaftliche Wassernachfrage vermittelt. Insbesondere fehlten objektive Informationen über aktuelle sowie zukünftige landwirtschaftliche Bewässerungsbedarfe. Deshalb wurden die örtlichen potenziellen Beregnungsbedürftigkeiten auf Basis hochaufgelöster Bodendaten, Ackerkulturartenanteilen und Klima(projektions)daten ermittelt. Eindeutige Trends zu steigenden potenziellen Beregnungsbedarfen von bis zu 31 % im Gebietsmittel bis Jahrhundertende wurden festgestellt. Besonders wichtig waren die Möglichkeiten für informellen Austausch der Handelnden. Abschließend überwog deutlich der Wunsch nach Verstetigung der Stakeholder-Plattformen.

In contrast to many other water birds, the Great Cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo (Phalacrocoracidae), shows a typical wing-spreading behavior after diving. This behavior has been linked to the partial wettability of the Cormorant’s feathers based on the unusual structure of the contour feathers. Close to the rachis, these feathers have a closed vane with very densely spaced barbs but have an open vane in more peripheral feather parts. To investigate whether the wettability is connected to the composition of the uropygial gland secretion that is often linked to water repellency of bird feathers, we analyzed the gland secretions of the Great Cormorant and, for comparison, of the Muscovy Duck, Cairina moschata (Anatidae). Using the mass spectrometry techniques, atmospheric solids analysis probe-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (ASAP-APCI-MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), significant differences in the chemical composition of the secretions were revealed. The Cormorant showed a highly diverse mixture of more than 1000 compounds consisting of methyl-branched aliphatic carboxylic esters with large chain length variability. In contrast, the duck’s secretion is dominated by the two esters octadecyl and eicosyl 2,4,6-trimethyloctanoate. Water contact angle measurements of the secretions showed that the secretion of the Muscovy Duck has higher water repellency than that of the Great Cormorant. Nevertheless, contact angle measurements of feathers before and after removing of feather waxes indicate that these waxes, likely consisting of the uropygial gland secretions, did not influence water repellency of the feathers to a large degree.

Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies are neurodegenerative disorders pathologically defined by aggregated forms of tau protein in the brain. While synaptic degradation is a well-established feature of tau-induced neurotoxicity, the underlying mechanisms of how pathogenic forms of tau drive synaptic dysfunction are incompletely understood. Synaptic function and subsequent memory consolidation are dependent upon synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to adjust their structure and strength in response to changes in activity. The activity regulated cytoskeleton associated protein ARC acts in the nucleus and at postsynaptic densities to regulate various forms of synaptic plasticity. ARC harbors a retrovirus-like Gag domain that facilitates ARC multimerization and capsid formation. Trans-synaptic transfer of RNA-containing ARC capsids is required for synaptic plasticity. While ARC is elevated in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and genetic variants in ARC increase susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease, mechanistic insight into the role of ARC in Alzheimer's disease is lacking. Using a Drosophila model of tauopathy, we find that pathogenic tau significantly increases multimeric species of the protein encoded by the Drosophila homolog of ARC, Arc1, in the adult fly brain. We find that Arc1 is elevated within nuclei and the neuropil of tau transgenic Drosophila, but does not localize to synaptic vesicles or presynaptic terminals. Lastly, we find that genetic manipulation of Arc1 modifies tau-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that tau-induced Arc1 elevation mediates neurodegeneration. Taken together, our results suggest that ARC elevation in human Alzheimer's disease is a consequence of tau pathology and is a causal factor contributing to neuronal death.

Eine Frühgeburt ist Stress für Eltern. Pflegende übernehmen auf der Neonatal Intensive Care Unit – NICU – die Versorgung dieser Kinder. Unter Verwendung der „PSS:NICU_German/2-scales“ können Pflegende elterlichen Stress erfassen und beurteilen. Was elternberatende Pflegende dazu meinen, zeigen die Ergebnisse leitfadengestützter Experteninterviews, die transkribiert und angelehnt an die Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet wurden.

The aerodynamics of transport aircraft at the borders of the flight envelope is characterized by complex interactions and nonlinear, unsteady flow phenomena. The underlying physical mechanisms are not fully understood, and a prediction of aerodynamic properties, transient loads, and aeroelastic behavior is a major challenge that requires the use of sophisticated numerical models and dedicated experiments. A new research initiative investigates the three-dimensional buffet mechanisms at high-speed stall, the interaction of the wing wake with the empennage, and the influence of ultra-high-bypass-ratio-type engines on these phenomena. It comprises unsteady pressure-sensitive paint surface pressure and time-resolved particle image velocimetry flowfield measurements carried out in the cryogenic European Transonic Windtunnel. The experiments are conducted at different Mach numbers and cover a broad Reynolds number regime up to [Formula: see text] using the generic Airbus XRF1 configuration as a reference. This paper explains the rationale of the research initiative, introduces the planned test entries and test conditions, and presents selected results of the first measurement campaign and associated numerical analyses by means of the computational fluid dynamics code TAU, including usage of locally scale resolving simulations. An analysis of numerical and experimental results is presented for a high incidence transonic condition that serves to discuss the topology of wing root flow separation, the evolution of the associated wake, and its interaction with the empennage.

Stephanie Korn,1 Katrin Milger,2 Dirk Skowasch,3 Christian Schulz,4 Cordula Mohrlang,5 Martin Wernitz,5 Thomas Paulsson,6 Michael Hennig,5 Roland Buhl7 1IKF Pneumologie Mainz, Mainz and Thoraxklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; 2Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich and Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany; 3University Hospital Bonn, Pneumology, Bonn, Germany; 4University Hospital Regensburg, Internal Medicine II, Pneumology, Regensburg, Germany; 5GlaxoSmithKline GmbH & Co. KG, Munich, Germany; 6GlaxoSmithKline Plc, Brentford, UK; 7Pulmonary Department, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, GermanyCorrespondence: Cordula Mohrlang, GlaxoSmithKline GmbH & Co. KG, Prinzregentenplatz 9, München, D-81675, Germany, Tel + 49 163 360 5201, Email cordula.c.mohrlang@gsk.comPurpose: The German Asthma Net (GAN) operates a Severe Asthma Registry that provides an overview of the clinical presentation and management of patients with severe asthma. Based upon data from the GAN registry, the MepoGAN study aimed to describe clinical profiles and treatment outcomes of patients who were treated with the anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody mepolizumab (NucalaTM) in routine practice in Germany.Patients and Methods: The MepoGAN study is a descriptive retrospective non-interventional cohort study. Mepolizumab patients enrolled in the GAN registry were evaluated with results being described in two different data sets: Cohort 1 (n=131) started on mepolizumab when the patients entered the registry. Results were reported after 4 months of therapy. Patients in Cohort 2 (n=220) were on treatment with mepolizumab at the time of enrollment and follow-up data were collected after a further year of treatment. Outcome measures included asthma control, lung function, disease symptoms, OCS use, and exacerbations.Results: Patients enrolled in the registry who started on mepolizumab in Cohort 1 had a mean age of 55 years, were former smokers in 51% of the cases, had a mean blood eosinophil count of 500 cells/μL, and frequently had maintenance OCS use (55%). In this real-world setting, mepolizumab therapy was associated with a clinically relevant reduction in blood eosinophils (− 445.7 cells/μL), OCS use (− 30%), and improvement in asthma control. Fifty-five percent (vs 10% at baseline) of the patients reported controlled or partially controlled asthma 4 months after starting therapy. In patients who were already treated with mepolizumab at registry enrollment (Cohort 2), asthma control and lung function remained stable after a further year of observation.Conclusion: The GAN registry data confirm the effectiveness of mepolizumab in a real-world setting. Treatment benefits are maintained over time. While the asthma of patients treated in routine practice was more severe, the results observed with mepolizumab are broadly consistent with RCTs.Keywords: severe asthma, registry, real-world, mepolizumab, patient profile, asthma control

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a posição e os argumentos mobilizados pelas parlamentares mulheres para se pronunciarem sobre o aborto. Para realizar esta pesquisa foi utilizada como metodologia de trabalho a análise dos pronunciamentos das deputadas, proferidos na Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil e do Uruguai, entre 1985-2016. A proposta é apresentar um panorama geral dos resultados, explorando os dados em sua formação integral, proporcional e distribuição na série histórica, com a realização de inferências sobre as evidências expostas. Duas perguntas de partida orientam a redação: 1) É possível identificar um padrão que permita relacionar a posição das parlamentares com ampliações no acesso ao direito ao aborto? A segunda consiste na verificação de um fenômeno em ascensão, com distintos graus, nos países da América Latina: 2) Qual a atuação das representantes políticas alinhadas às igrejas cristãs, evangélica ou católica, e seu efeito na discussão em plenário sobre o aborto?

This paper contributes to international scholarship on racial literacy in teacher education. Specifically, we consider filmic counter stories as bodies that carry an affective charge with the potential to ignite dialogic and embodied/emotional learning. The football documentary The Final Quarter is our case study. This film traces the racially explosive final years of First Nations Australian, Adam Goodes’ elite playing career. The film floodlights football as a site for public pedagogy where people learn racism, with the film offering means of developing racial literacy through examining its encounters. The paper describes racial literacy and establishes affect/embodiment as a contribution to the field. We analyse the film using an affective-discursive lens and genealogical methodology and consider implications for teacher education. We argue that language is insufficient for understanding racism and that the affective intensities activated by film may help to pedagogically illuminate the role of emotions in reproducing racism Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Funding: This work was supported by the UK Research and Innovation Economic and Social Research Council [ES/P011373/1] as part of the Global Challenges Research Fund. Recent discussion of global environmental assessment processes suggests that the process of consensus-creation is central to understanding the way knowledge is produced and conclusions are reached. Here we contribute to this literature by providing a case study of the World Commission on Dams, which brought together supporters and opponents of large dams, at the height of controversy about dams in the 1990s. The Commission reviewed evidence and formulated guidelines for best practice, finding a way through a political stalemate. The paper draws on interviews with those involved in the Commission and discusses the historical context, form of stakeholder representation, time horizon, and leadership style as consensus-enabling conditions. We conclude that an ambitious consensual process was successful within the life of the Commission, but at the cost of carrying external actors with it, leading to challenges with dissemination and uptake of consensual recommendations. Postprint

We use the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to search for air showers initiated by photons with an energy above 1019 eV. Photons in the zenith angle range from 30∘ to 60∘ can be identified in the overwhelming background of showers initiated by charged cosmic rays through the broader time structure of the signals induced in the water-Cherenkov detectors of the array and the steeper lateral distribution of shower particles reaching ground. Applying the search method to data collected between January 2004 and June 2020, upper limits at 95% CL are set to an E-2 diffuse flux of ultra-high energy photons above 1019 eV, 2 × 1019 eV and 4 × 1019 eV amounting to 2.11 × 10-3, 3.12 × 10-4 and 1.72 × 10-4 km-2 sr-1 yr-1, respectively. While the sensitivity of the present search around 2 × 1019 eV approaches expectations of cosmogenic photon fluxes in the case of a pure-proton composition, it is one order of magnitude above those from more realistic mixed-composition models. The inferred limits have also implications for the search of super-heavy dark matter that are discussed and illustrated.

Background and purpose: Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) is the gold standard for migration analysis, but computed tomography analysis methods (CTRSA) have shown comparable results in other joints. We attempted to validate precision for CT compared with RSA for a tibial implant.Material and methods: RSA and CT were performed on a porcine knee with a tibial implant. Marker-based RSA, model-based RSA (MBRSA), and CT scans from 2 different manufacturers were compared. CT analysis was performed by 2 raters for reliability evaluation.Results: 21 double examinations for precision measurements for RSA and CT-based Micromotion Analysis (CTMA) were analysed. Mean (95% confidence interval) precision data for maximum total point motion (MTPM) using marker-based RSA was 0.45 (0.19–0.70) and 0.58 (0.20–0.96) using MBRSA (F-statistic 0.44 [95% CI 0.18–1.1], p = 0.07). Precision data for total translation (TT) for CTMA was 0.08 (0.03–0.12) for the GE scanner and 0.11 (0.04–0.19) for the Siemens scanner (F-statistic 0.37 [0.15–0.91], p = 0.03). When comparing the aforementioned precision for both RSA methods with both CTMA analyses, CTMA was more precise (p < 0.001). The same pattern was seen for other translations and migrations. Mean effective radiation doses were 0.005 mSv (RSA) (0.0048–0.0050) and 0.08 mSv (CT) (0.078–0.080) (p < 0.001). Intra- and interrater reliability were 0.79 (0.75–0.82) and 0.77 (0.72–0.82), respectively.Conclusion: CTMA is more precise than RSA for migration analysis of a tibial implant, has overall good intra- and interrater reliability but higher effective radiation doses in a porcine cadaver.

Background: Accurately identifying cognitive changes in Mexican American (MA) adults using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) requires knowledge of population-based norms for the MMSE, a scale which has widespread use in research settings. Objective: To describe the distribution of MMSE scores in a large cohort of MA adults, assess the impact of MMSE requirements on their clinical trial eligibility, and explore which factors are most strongly associated with their MMSE scores. Methods: Visits between 2004–2021 in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort were analyzed. Eligible participants were ≥18 years old and of Mexican descent. MMSE distributions before and after stratification by age and years of education (YOE) were assessed, as was the proportion of trial-aged (50–85– year-old) participants with MMSE

Background Our study addressed the diagnostic performance of the Atellica® IM High-Sensitivity Troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay for the rapid rule-out of myocardial infarction (MI) using a single hs-cTnI measurement at presentation in patients presenting to a US emergency department (ED). Methods This was a prospective, observational, cohort study of consecutive ED patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome, using 12-lead electrocardiogram and serial hs-cTnI measurements ordered on clinical indication (SAFETY, NCT04280926). ST-segment elevation MI patients were excluded. The optimal threshold required a sensitivity ≥99% and a negative predictive value (NPV) ≥99.5% for MI during index hospitalization as primary outcome. Type 1 MI (T1MI), myocardial injury, and 30-day adverse events were considered secondary outcomes. Event adjudications were established using the hs-cTnI assay used in clinical care. Results In 1171 patients, MI occurred in 97 patients (8.3%), 78.3% of which were type 2 MI. The optimal rule out hs-cTnI threshold was Conclusions A single hs-cTnI measurement strategy enabled the rapid identification of patients at low risk of MI and 30-day adverse events, allowing potential discharge early after ED presentation. Clinicaltrials.gov Registration number NCT04280926.

Callias-type (or Dirac-Schr\"odinger) operators associated to abstract semifinite spectral triples are introduced and their indices are computed in terms of an associated index pairing derived from the spectral triple. The result is then interpreted as an index theorem for a non-commutative analogue of spectral flow. Both even and odd spectral triples are considered, and both commutative and non-commutative examples are given., Comment: numerous minor corrections, to appear in J. Noncommutative Geometry