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The implementation of Lesson Study (LS) varies considerably across countries and institutions and is still in a phase of adaptation and experimentation. This article explains the result and the process of a school-based initiative endeavor to implement LS at a suburban elementary in Padang, Indonesia. The study involved 13 teachers, the principal and 6 classes of students. The data were collected through observation and interview. They were classified on the basis of three noticeable emerging themes- teacher collaboration, scaffolding, and reflection. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The results of data analysis reveal a promising improvement in these aspects. Implementing school- support LS increased by weaving the concept into practice helped teachers develop their professionalism gradually. It was obvious that the teachers felt more at ease to work collaboratively when they designed the lesson. This also affected their design which showed more meaningful learning activities and challenging tasks. Then, the teachers improved the way they scaffolded the pupils. The content of reflection and the way the results of reflection were conveyed became better. The principal’s support and the teachers’ strong willingness to elevate their quality apparently took an important role. In spite of that, there were some challenges in carrying out collaboration, providing appropriate scaffolding, and doing reflection. Changing the teachers’ common practice to LS apparently needs some adjustment and time.

Objective: To assess problems faced by children with type 1 narcolepsy (NT1) at school and obtain insight into potential interventions for these problems. Methods: We recruited children and adolescents with NT1 from three Dutch sleep-wake centers. Children, parents, and teachers completed questionnaires about school functioning, interventions in the classroom, global functioning (DISABKIDS), and depressive symptoms (CDI). Results: Eighteen children (7–12 years) and thirty-seven adolescents (13–19 years) with NT1 were recruited. Teachers’ most frequently reported school problems were concentration problems and fatigue (reported by about 60% in both children and adolescents). The most common arrangements at school were, for children, discussing school excursions (68%) and taking a nap at school (50%) and, for adolescents, a place to nap at school (75%) and discussing school excursions (71%). Regular naps at home on the weekend (children 71% and adolescents 73%) were more common than regular naps at school (children 24% and adolescents 59%). Only a minority of individuals used other interventions. School support by specialized school workers was associated with significantly more classroom interventions (3.5 versus 1.0 in children and 5.2 versus 4.1 in adolescents) and napping at school, but not with better global functioning, lower depressive symptom levels, or napping during the weekends. Conclusions: Children with NT1 have various problems at school, even after medical treatment. Interventions to help children with NT1 within the classroom do not seem to be fully implemented. School support was associated with the higher implementation of these interventions. Longitudinal studies are warranted to examine how interventions can be better implemented within the school.

This study analyzed the impact of dissimilarities in illness perceptions between parents and adolescents, school support, and family functioning on quality of life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). A total of 100 adolescents diagnosed with T1D for at least 1 year and a primary caregiver participated in the study (N=200). Adolescents answered the Diabetes Quality of Life and the School Support Questionnaire, and parents answered the general functioning subscale of the Family Assessment Device. Both answered the Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire, regarding the adolescents’ diabetes. The interception effect of dissimilarities regarding identity and concerns perceptions toward diabetes, between parents and adolescents, and school support in the relationship between family functioning and quality of life was significant and explained 27% and 32% of the variance, respectively. The results showed a negative relationship between family functioning and quality of life when school support was low and dissimilarities in identity and concerns perceptions were high. Therefore, to increase quality of life of adolescents with T1D, intervention programs should include family, teachers, school staff, and peers to improve their knowledge of diabetes and support to adolescents.

The investigation has been carried out on the status quo of higher school physical education teachers’ personality traits, resilience, and creative teaching status. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, combined with multiple stratified linear regression analysis, were used to verify the data obtained by the structure model. The results show that (1) among the big five personality traits, excepting conscientiousness, the rest of the four dimension personality traits have different influences on creative teaching; (2) extraversion, agreeableness, and openness can produce an intermediary effect on innovative teaching through different dimensions of resilience; (3) the school support has a positive influence on five aspects of the creative teaching; and (4) problem cognition and empathy in resilience play a multilevel role of mediating effect and are regulated variables as well. The findings of the present study revealed that the key to success to creative teaching is to understand teachers’ personality traits, pay attention to the resilience of the development of teachers’ creative teaching, and provide required support; the higher the awareness of the problem and the degree of school support in the resilience was, the higher the problem solving and the higher degree of teaching in the creative teaching tended to be.

This was a qualitative research, which explored how the school community experienced the outcomes of leadership on the effectiveness of the school improvement program (SIP) on Sidama Zone schools, Ethiopia. Four schools were purposively selected. Data were collected using interviews, focus group discussions, observation and documents, which included school plans, reports, minutes of meetings, memos, letters and the students' examination results were analyzed as they reflected issues related to the outcomes of the SIP on the school’s effectiveness. Principals, teachers, students, supervisors, parent teacher association members and SIP experts were interviewed. The findings indicate that in schools where there is strong collaboration of the school community in the planning, decision-making, monitoring and evaluation processes, the improvement initiatives are owned by all in the school and the performance of the schools is enhanced. It is recommended that the roles of the principals be redirected, the number of supervisors be increased, diverse professional development opportunities for principals and teachers be created, the recruitment, appointment and retention of principals be reconsidered and mechanisms to check school plans and performance reports be created. Keywords: stakeholder collaboration, qualitative research, theory of change, school community, school support, student performance.

Throughout the developing world, girls face hardships surrounding menstruation, often resulting in poor emotional wellbeing and missing school. Providing ways to keep girls in school will increase their educational and earning potentials, which will ultimately trickle down to improving the economic standing of nations in the next generation. Informed by the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, this work evaluates the roles that cultural and school environments play in appraisals of menstruation as a major life stressor for adolescent females and the impacts of emotional stress on missing school. Using primary survey data from schools in Nepal, robust results are found to support the theoretical framework based on conditional mixed-process (CMP) estimation with fixed effects, utilizing multiple index building techniques. Strong cultural norms during menstruation appear to increase the probability of girls self-reporting emotional stress, while the presence of hygiene supporting infrastructure at schools reduces this outcome. Furthermore, there is strong support for the finding that the presence of emotional stress during menstruation increases the likelihood of not only missing school but also for an extended period of time. Our findings motivate increasing government policies to provide stronger hygiene infrastructure in schools to improve successful coping skills and attendance rates.

[ES] La creación y consolidación de alianzas entre centros escolares y organizaciones de apoyo socioeducativo se presenta como condición de éxito para los aprendizajes y el desarrollo escolar. El presente estudio pretende identificar condiciones favorables para la configuración de alianzas entre centros escolares y organizaciones de apoyo socioeducativo. Para ello se ha empleado un diseño de investigación secuencial y métodos cualitativos para analizar las percepciones de 16 organizaciones de apoyo socioeducativo, situadas entre Estados Unidos y España y en relación a la configuración de alianzas sólidas con los centros escolares. En la primera fase del estudio se han realizado 11 entrevistas semi-estructuradas y 3 grupos de discusión y en una segunda fase se han analizado 4 buenas prácticas para contrastar los resultados preliminares. Los resultados indican que el desarrollo de alianzas entre instituciones está mediado por la calidad del soporte escolar, las visiones de los equipos profesionales, la coordinación entre instituciones y la evaluación de procesos y actuaciones. Estos hallazgos han permitido ofrecer un marco interpretativo para identificar elementos favorecedores u obstaculizadores para la construcción de alianzas y, por consiguiente, para el éxito del soporte escolar. En este orden se subraya que el logro del éxito educativo, en entornos de complejidad y diversidad sociocultural, necesita de la colaboración entre instituciones, capaces de identificar fortalezas y debilidades institucionales, analizar oportunidades y amenazas de los contextos y establecer procesos y actuaciones colectivas. [EN] The creation and consolidation of partnerships between schools and socio-educational support organizations is considered a success key factor both for learning and for the development of academic support. The present study aims to identify favorable conditions for the configuration of partnerships between schools and socio-educational support organizations. This work has applied a sequential research design as well as qualitative techniques to analyse the perceptions of 16 socio-educational support organizations in United States and Spain regarding the configuration of solid partnerships with schools. During the first phase of this study, 11 semi-structured interviews have been carried out alongside 3 discussion groups. In a second phase, 4 good practices have been analysed in order to verify the preliminary results obtained. The final results derived from this study show that the development of partnerships between institutions is mediated by the quality of the academic support, the vision of the professional teams, the coordination among institutions and the evaluation of processes and actions. These findings have allowed us to offer an interpretative framework to identify favourable and distorting elements for the construction of partnerships and, consequently, for the success of academic support. Hence, we may highlight that the goal of educational success in contexts of complexity and social and cultural diversity benefits from the collaboration between institutions, which are able to identify institutional strengths and weaknesses, to analyse context’s opportunities and threats and to plan collective processes and actions.

Este estudio de caso se realizó en un centro de educación secundaria y compensación educativa, y su objetivo fue identifi car la medida en la que los apoyos familiares, escolares y de aula condicionan el compromiso de los estudiantes. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a 20 profesores y se contextualizaron los constructos recogidos desde la literatura académica. A continuación, se utilizó esta información para elaborar los cuestionarios, que se aplicaron a la totalidad de los estudiantes. Los datos mostraron un efecto preponderante del apoyo en el aula, sugiriendo que las acciones del profesorado en este tipo de centros, transcienden los límites del aula. The paper presents a case study of a school of educational compensation, at the level of secondary education. The objective is to identify the extent to which family, school and classroom supports determine the engagement of students. First, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 professors, and the constructs collected from the academic literature were contextualized. Secondly, this information was used to elaborate (adapt) the questionnaires, which were applied to all the students. The data showed a predominant effect of the support in the classroom, suggesting that the actions of the teaching staff in this type of schools transcend the boundaries of the classroom.

Young adolescents, and the middle level educators who work with them, face many exciting but demanding challenges during this key period of development. According to stage-environment fit theory, the degree to which middle grades students perceive a good fit between their school environment and their needs impacts their academic and life outcomes. The authors endeavored to build on middle level research by studying the extent to which students’ needs are supported by school environment factors and how this “fit” relates to two academic outcome variables: school enjoyment and aspiration. The sample consisted of middle grades students (N = 1,027) between the ages of 10 and 14. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were conducted. After controlling for age, ethnicity, and gender, four subscales (Social Skills Needs, Mental Health Needs, Academic and Career Needs, and School Support) were entered as potential predictors. Both models were significant and accounted for ~20% of the variance. This study suggests that middle level educators, counselors, and administrators may benefit from considering ways to enhance the match between students’ and the middle grades’ learning environment, especially by considering non-academic factors as a way to provide indirect, but powerful, support for academic and life success.

The study aimed to develop and evaluate a multicomponent school and home based physical activity (PA) intervention in children in grades 3&ndash, 7 (aged 8&ndash, 13 years) and determine the psychological variables that influence PA, 10 &times, 1 h school-based training sessions, a home-based activity program and 4 &times, 1 h lifestyle workshops for parents. PA was assessed at an intervention and nearby control school using accelerometers and self-report at 3-time points: baseline, post intervention and 10-week follow-up. Self-efficacy, self-management strategies, enjoyment, perceived barriers to PA, outcome-expectancy and social support were evaluated. The study showed 73% of the children with complete data sets at the intervention school (n = 27) did not increase device measured moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) in the after-school period (3 p.m. to 6 p.m.) or over the whole day or during school break time immediately following the intervention or at follow-up, as compared to 70% of children with complete data sets at the control school (n = 35, p &gt, 0.05 for all). Overall, 59% of boys attained more than double the recommended 120 min of MVPA each day compared to 42% of girls (p = 0.013). At the baseline, children&rsquo, s self-reported PA in the intervention school positively correlated with: outcome expectancy (R = 0.240, p = 0.015), enjoyment (R = 0.339, p &lt, 0.001), self-efficacy (R = 0.399, p &lt, 0.001), self-management (R = 0.617, p &lt, 0.001), social support at home (R = 0.406, p &lt, 0.001), and social support at school (R = 0.407, p &lt, 0.001). Similar relationships were observed after the intervention and at follow-up. Focus groups with the children, parents and interviews with teachers identified areas for improvement of the intervention. In conclusion, while the multifaceted approach to improve PA was ineffective over the time span of the study, important predictors of PA in this sample of disadvantaged children were identified.

The goal of this study is to provide a better understanding of how a school system can operate efficiently under adversity. The results of this work will be useful in identifying relevant policies in the Middle East and North Africa region. Palestine refugees are achieving higher-than-average learning outcomes in spite of the adverse circumstances they live under. Their education system the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) operates one of the largest non-governmental school systems in the Middle East. It manages nearly 700 schools, has hired 17,000 staff, educates more than 500,000 refugee students each year, and operates in five areas, including the West Bank, Gaza, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria. This study examines three: West Bank, Gaza, and Jordan. Contrary to what might be expected from a resource-constrained administration serving refugee students who continually face a multitude of adversities, UNRWA students outperform public schools in the three regions the West Bank, Gaza, and Jordan by a year's worth of learning. This study was undertaken to better understand the reasons for success at UNRWA schools and their positive variation from comparable public schools. Econometric techniques were used to analyze international (TIMSS and Programme for International Student Assessment, or PISA) and national learning achievement data. Pedagogical practices and classroom time-on-task were observed using structured methods (Stallings model). Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) tools were used to better understand the policies and implementation strategies for school and teacher management and for monitoring and evaluation. Additionally, qualitative data were collected and analyzed in line with an education resilience conceptual framework to better uncover factors that help students develop the skills to learn despite the adversities they face.

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and effects of peer-victimization on mental health problems among adolescents. Parental and school support were assumed as protective factors that might interact with one another in acting as buffers for adolescents against the risk of peer-victimization. Besides these protective factors, age and gender were additionally considered as moderating factors. The Social and Health Assessment survey was conducted among 986 students aged 11-18 years in order to assess peer-victimization, risk and protective factors and mental health problems. For mental health problems, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used. Effects of peer-victimization on mental health problems were additionally compared with normative SDQ data in order to obtain information about clinically relevant psychopathology in our study sample. Results of this study show that peer-victimization carries a serious risk for mental health problems in adolescents. School support is effective in both male and female adolescents by acting as a buffer against the effect of victimization, and school support gains increasing importance in more senior students. Parental support seems to be protective against maladjustment, especially in peer-victimized girls entering secondary school. Since the effect of peer-victimization can be reduced by parental and school support, educational interventions are of great importance in cases of peer-victimization.

In many countries the introduction of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), especially computers, into schools has been praised as the necessary (although not without problems) course of action for the qualitative improvement of teaching and learning methodology. However, one of the greatest barriers inhibiting the successful adoption of a range of strategies to improve learning in a new technologically enriched framework is resistance from teachers who may feel threatened and disempowered by the change brought about by the introduction of technology into their classrooms. The purpose of the study was to investigate the factors that influence the self-efficacy of teachers in the foundation phase: Which factors influence the computer self-efficacy of foundation phase teachers? What is the relation between the identified factors and the computer self-efficacy of teachers? 0 What are the implications of the results for future training of foundation phase teachers? All teachers (N=34) in the foundation phase in the central region of Lichtenburg, a town in the Northwest province of South Africa, participated in the study. They completed a questionnaire, which consisted of two sections: The first section determined the teachers' computer self-efficacy. a The second section identified the possible factors that may influence the computer self efficacy of foundation phase teachers. To ensure that all possible data, with regard to factors that might affect teachers' computer self efficacy, were collected, the researcher also made use of interviews and observations. The data was analysed by using frequency distributions, Pearson product-moment correlations as well as Analysis of Variance, (ANOVA). The results regarding age and computer efficacy was analysed using ANOVA. The results showed a slight difference in the computer efficacy of the teachers from different age groups. Therefore, it may be possible to enhance the computer efficacy of teachers from any age group. The results indicated a relation between the computer self-efficacy of foundation phase teachers and some of the identified factors, namely formal training, computer experience and school support. The relation was statistically as well as practically significant. Age and access to a computer did not seem to have a statistically significant effect on computer self-efficacy. The results of this study have implications for teacher training. Computer training will be to the benefit of Foundation phase teachers. Explicit guidance on the choice and use of software and the integration thereof with teaching methods is essential, because computer technology is an integrated part of the 21st century generation of learners. Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

Introduction: The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF), a visual memory test, is accepted as an important and useful tool to get and follow the achievement and some behavioral or neuropsychological factors. Methods: A total of 123 Nigerian university students were involved in the study. Participants were 53 men and 70 women who were 16-18 years of age. The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) test developed by Rey and standardized by Osterrieth used to screen for visual memory. To get their self-esteem scores were used the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. Friendship graphing and the concept of the degree of the nodes were used. To take the aggression score was used the aggression questionnaire developed by Orpinas and Frankowski in 2013. Results: In the present study, there were significant positive correlations between self-esteem score and short-term (Immediate recall) and long-term (Delayed recall) visual memories in the ROCF test, especially in female subjects. And, there was a negative correlation between self-esteem score and aggressiveness in the present study. Also, there were significant positive correlations between friendship and short-term (Immediate recall) and long-term (Delayed recall) visual memories in the ROCF test, especially in female subjects. Conclusions: University students need low aggressiveness and depression and high self-esteem and friendship for high visual memory and even academic success. For this reason, the family and school support are necessary to increase friendship, to decrease aggressiveness, to decrease depression and to increase visual memory and school and life successes.