Search

This deliverable reports on Task 2.2 ‘Assembly of observations about microbiomes, plastics, the plastisphere and carbon fluxes’. It used protocols established in task 2.1 ‘Definition of common standards for the assembly of spatially explicit data’ to compile, quality-control and grid existing high-quality observations into a knowledge base of observations (D2.1). Data included into AtlantECO-BASE1 consisted of contributions from the five following data sources and tasks: Task 2.2.1 ‘Microbiome data from traditional microscopy (presence-absence, abundance and biomass)’, Task 2.2.2 ‘Microbiome data from state-of-the-art optical/imaging analysis’, Task 2.2.3 ‘Microbiome and plastisphere data from state-of-the-art genetic analyses’, Task 2.2.4 ‘Nano-, micro and macroplastics data from state-of-the-art sampling methods’, and Task 2.2.5 ‘Carbon flux data from estimated from high resolution bio-optical sensors’. Additional data contributions and mapping efforts from other partners and work packages (Task 2.3) are also included. A comprehensive list and description of all data sets collected can be found in the Appendix Tables to this document.

© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/., Background: Engaging in physical activity increases energy expenditure, reducing total body fat. Time spent in sedentary behaviours is associated with overweight and obesity, and adequate sleep duration is associated with improved body composition. This systematic review aimed to analyse the relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and obesity indicators in toddlers, children and adolescents. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from inception to December 2021. Cross-sectional and prospective studies that analysed the relationship between 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity written in English, French, Portuguese or Spanish were included. PROSPERO registration number is CRD42022298316. Results: The associations between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and standardised body mass index were null in the two studies for toddlers. Seven studies analysed the relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity among preschool children. Of these seven studies, six found no association between compliance with 24-h movement guidelines and body composition. Among children and adolescents, 15 articles were analysed. Of these 15 studies, in seven, it was found that children and adolescents who meet the 24-h movement guidelines were more likely to have lower risks of overweight and obesity. The meta-analysis yielded a pooled OR = 0.80 (95% CI = 0.68 to 0.95, p = 0.012, I2 = 70.5%) in favour of compliant participants. Regarding participants' age groups, compliance with 24-h movement guidelines seems to exert greater benefits on overweight and obesity indicators among children-adolescents (OR = 0.62, p = 0.008) compared to participants at preschool (OR = 1.00, p = 0.931) and toddlers (OR = 0.91, p = 0.853). Conclusion: Most included studies have not observed a significant relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity in toddlers, children and adolescents.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Canadian guidelines according to age groups.

Additional file 2: Table S2. Studies bias assessment using the NIH quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies.

The current scoping review focus on nutritional issues in female soccer project examining specific topics: energy intake, energy expenditure and hydration.

The diversity of systematic reviews in recreational soccer is clear from the extant literature [1–8]. Of the available systematic reviews, some focused on specific outcomes such as bone health [7,8], fat mass [3], or maximal oxygen uptake [1], while others summarized the effects in different outcomes [2,4–6]. Additionally, half of the systematic reviews were exclusively dedicated to adult populations [2,3,7,8], while the remaining mixed populations as children, youth, adults, and older (health and unhealthy), be-coming difficult to have a clear representation of the effects on the specific populations of children and youth [1,4–6]. Considering the relevance of physical exercise for promoting positive physical fitness adaptations in children and youth and the opportunities offered by recreational soccer, there is room for conducting a systematic review of this population. A systematic review of recreational soccer effects on health-related outcomes and physical fitness of children and untrained youth populations will allow us to precisely understand the methodologies used by the interventions and identify the adaptations induced by interventions in comparison to control groups not exposed to these interventions. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to analyze the physical fitness and health-related markers adaptations occurring in children and youth in untrained populations exposed to recreational soccer programmes. The systematic review will mainly focus on the comparison to controlled groups, aiming to understand the real effects on health-related outcomes and physical fitness.

We aim to synthesize and assess the current knowledge concerning the differences in visual search behaviors between expert and novice team sport athletes.

To provide a living systematic account of evidence-gap maps pertaining the influence of playing time in soccer players' performance correlates.

The diversity of approaches for defining running speed threshold in team sports players is clear from the extant literature. Identifying how the methodological approaches have been established and tracking the developing technologies may help researchers and practitioners to define the next steps in standardizing thresholds within and between sports. A scoping review can be helpful in mapping the extant literature, facilitating an evaluation of the landscape of the methodological approaches based on the question of interest. To date, no scoping review has been conducted about the research on individualized running speed thresholds in team sport players. Accordingly, the purposes of the current scoping review are to: (i) characterize the main methodological approaches to assess individualized running speed thresholds in team sports players; (ii) compare the use of traditional arbitrary thresholds and individualized speed thresholds in team sports players; (iii) provide an evidence-gap map on the approaches and study designs adopted in team sports; and (iv) to provide future directions for research and practical applications for the strength and conditioning field.

Our goal is to perform a living systematic scoping review with EGM of stretching-related studies in healthy athletes to identify current gaps in the literature and inform stakeholders in priorities for future research.

16 Symposium of Aquatic Microbial Ecology (SAME16), “From Boat to Bench”- Integrating field observation with lab experiments, 1-6 September 2019, Potsdam, Germany.-- 1 page, Global ocean expeditions allow comparing variables that have been collected with standardized methodologies and treated with the same protocols in the same instruments. We looked at the global depth patterns of distribution of microbial abundances and heterotrophic prokaryote cell size and activity (as measured with flow cytometry and leucine incorporation) in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans by inspecting 126 stations in at least 13 Longhurst provinces from the surface down to 4,000 m during the Malaspina 2010 expedition. We looked at the log-log slope of the relationship between depth and abundance and activity of heterotrophic prokaryotes, abundance of viruses and heterotrophic flagellates, the relative contribution prokaryotes to high (HNA) and low (LNA) nucleic acid content cells and the proportion of viruses with low, medium and high nucleic acid content. In addition, we determined the depth variation of intact-membrane (“live”) and damaged-membrane (“dead”) prokaryotes, and those of actively respiring cells (i.e. reducing CTC, 5-Cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride). As general patterns, HNA decreased less strongly than LNA bacteria (so the %HNA increased with depth, as also did cell size), and leucine incorporation decreased less than prokaryote abundance (so the specific growth rate also decreased with depth, but less than abundance or production). The abundance of all heterotrophic groups decreased vertically but heterotrophic protists did so at much higher rate, so the ratio prokaryotes to small eukaryotes increased with depth, while viral abundance decreased at about the same rate than prokaryote abundance. Large viruses decreased more than medium-sized viruses and those more than the small viruses. The amount of CTC+ cells decreased less than total bacterial abundances so the %CTC+ increased with depth. Cells with intact membranes varied more with depth than the cells with damaged membranes. We observed significant variation around these average values in different oceans and Longhurst provinces, and significant correlations between the slopes and the surface values of some variables

Message in a Bottle: Workshop on Chemical Communication in the Sea , March 2017, Israel

Special issue: Marine Microbes.-- This is Contribution No. 16 of the TARA Oceans expedition 2009–2012.-- 13 pages, 5 figures, additional supporting information http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1462-2920.12517/suppinfo, Catalysed reporter deposition–fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH) is a powerful approach to quantify bacterial taxa. In this study, we compare the performance of the widely used Bacteroidetes CF319a probe with the new CF968 probe. In silico analyses and tests with isolates demonstrate that CF319a hybridizes with non-Bacteroidetes sequences from the Rhodobacteraceae and Alteromonadaceae families. We test the probes’ accuracy in 37 globally distributed marine samples and over two consecutive years at the Blanes Bay Microbial Observatory (NW Mediterranean). We also compared the CARD-FISH data with the Bacteroidetes 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from 27 marine metagenomes from the TARA Oceans expedition. We find no significant differences in abundances between both approaches, although CF319a targeted some unspecific sequences and both probes displayed different abundances of specific Bacteroidetes phylotypes. Our results demonstrate that quantitative estimations by using both probes are significantly different in certain oceanographic regions (Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea and Arabian Sea) and that CF968 shows seasonality within marine Bacteroidetes, notably large differences between summer and winter that is overlooked by CF319a. We propose CF968 as an alternative to CF319a for targeting the whole Bacteroidetes phylum since it has better coverage, greater specificity and overall better quantifies marine Bacteroidetes, This work was supported by Grants BACTERIOMICS (CTM2010-12317-E) and MicroOcean PANGENOMICS (CGL2011-26848/BOS) to SGA and HotMix (CTM2011-30010/MAR) to JMG from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN). SGA was supported by FP7-OCEAN-2011 (MicroB3) from the EU. Financial support was provided by Ph.D. JAE-Predoc fellowships from CSIC to CD-V, CR-G and GS. FMC-C was supported by a FPI fellowship (MICINN). Postdoctoral Juan de la Cierva research contracts also from MICINN were held by IF and HS. HS also benefited from a fellowship from the Brazilian ‘Ciências sem Fronteiras’ Program from CAPES (BJT 013/ 2012)

Second EMBO Conference on Aquatic Microbial Ecology - SAME-14, 23-28 August 2015, Uppsala

15th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology (ISME15), 24-29 August 2014, Seoul, South-Korea

13 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher’s web-site: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1462-2920.12250/suppinfo, Sequencing of 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons is the most common approach for investigating environmental prokaryotic diversity, despite the known biases introduced during PCR. Here we show that 16S rDNA fragments derived from Illumina-sequenced environmental metagenomes (mitags) are a powerful alternative to 16S rDNA amplicons for investigating the taxonomic diversity and structure of prokaryotic communities. As part of the TaraOceans global expedition, marine plankton was sampled in three locations, resulting in 29 subsamples for which metagenomes were produced by shotgun Illumina sequencing (ca. 700Gb). For comparative analyses, a subset of samples was also selected for Roche-454 sequencing using both shotgun (m454tags; 13 metagenomes, ca. 2.4Gb) and 16S rDNA amplicon (454tags; ca. 0.075Gb) approaches. Our results indicate that by overcoming PCR biases related to amplification and primer mismatch, mitags may provide more realistic estimates of community richness and evenness than amplicon 454tags. In addition, mitags can capture expected beta diversity patterns. Using mitags is now economically feasible given the dramatic reduction in high-throughput sequencing costs, having the advantage of retrieving simultaneously both taxonomic (Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya) and functional information from the same microbial community. © 2013 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., S.G.A. was supported by a Ramon y Cajal contract from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and FP7-OCEAN-2011 ‘Micro B3’. This research was supported by grants BACTERIOMICS (CTM2010-12317-E), TANIT (CONES2010-0036) from the Agència de Gestió d’Ajusts Universitaris i Reserca and MicroOcean PANGENOMICS (CGL2011-26848/BOS) to S.G.A. by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN). R.L. has been supported by a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship (MASTDIEV; PIEFGA-2009–235365, EU) and by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Juan de la Cierva Fellowship, JCI-2010–06594), and G.S. and F.M.C. were supported by PhD JAE-Predoc (CSIC) and FPI (MICINN) fellowships respectively. High-throughput computing resources were provided by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (http://www.bsc.es/) through the grants BCV-2010-3-0003 and 2011-2-0003/3-0005 to RL. Additional funding was provided by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR grants Prometheus ANR-09-GENM-031, Poseidon ANR-09-BLAN-0348, Oceanomics ANR-11-BTBR-0008 and Tara-GirusANR-09-PCS-GENM-218. S.S. and P.B. were supported by EMBL core funding, and GL and JR are supported by the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO)

Nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs) constitute a group of eukaryotic viruses that can have crucial ecological roles in the sea by accelerating the turnover of their unicellular hosts or by causing diseases in animals. To better characterize the diversity, abundance and biogeography of marine NCLDVs, we analyzed 17 metagenomes derived from microbial samples (0.2–1.6 μm size range) collected during the Tara Oceans Expedition. The sample set includes ecosystems under-represented in previous studies, such as the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and Indian Ocean lagoons. By combining computationally derived relative abundance and direct prokaryote cell counts, the abundance of NCLDVs was found to be in the order of 104–105 genomes ml−1 for the samples from the photic zone and 102–103 genomes ml−1 for the OMZ. The Megaviridae and Phycodnaviridae dominated the NCLDV populations in the metagenomes, although most of the reads classified in these families showed large divergence from known viral genomes. Our taxon co-occurrence analysis revealed a potential association between viruses of the Megaviridae family and eukaryotes related to oomycetes. In support of this predicted association, we identified six cases of lateral gene transfer between Megaviridae and oomycetes. Our results suggest that marine NCLDVs probably outnumber eukaryotic organisms in the photic layer (per given water mass) and that metagenomic sequence analyses promise to shed new light on the biodiversity of marine viruses and their interactions with potential hosts.

IMBIZO III The future of marine biogeochemistry, ecosystems and societies - Multi-dimensional approaches to the challenges of global change in continental margins and open ocean systems. Workshop 2 The impact of anthropogenic perturbations on open ocean carbon sequestration via the dissolved and particulate phases of the biological carbon pump, 28-31 January 2013, Goa, India

IV Congreso de Biodiversidad, 6-8 de febrero 2013, Bilbao, TARA Oceans finalizó tras 2,5 años su campaña de circunnavegación global y el consorcio de bacterias (TANIT) coordinado desde el ICM-CSIC presenta sus primeros resultados sobre la diversidad procariota en distintos contextos ecológicos. En primer lugar, hemos desarrollado y validado una nueva manera de explorar la diversidad procariota utilizando los fragmentos del gen 16S rRNA directamente extraídos de los metagenomas realizados por Illumina (miTAGs). En segundo lugar, gracias a los protocolos utilizados en TARA Oceans, hemos analizado la diversidad y estructura de la comunidades procariotas asociada a distintas fracciones del plancton marino separados en 5 tamaños: 0,22-1,6 μm, 0,8-5 μm, 5-20 μm, 20-180 μm y de 180-2.000 μm. Seguidamente, hemos analizado patrones de biogeografía procariota (mayoritariamente en la capa fótica) a nivel global y hemos comparado diversas técnicas cuantitativas (miTAGs, CARD-FISH, citometría de flujo). Finalmente presentamos los resultados de la filogenia de mas de 200 SAGs de TARA Oceans que representan taxones bacterianos de abundancia y relevancia ecológica que no son accesibles mediante cultivo

Gasol, Josep M. ... et. al.-- SAME13 - 13th Symposium on Aquatic microbial Ecology, 8-13 September 2013, Stresa, Italy

2012 ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting: Voyages of Discovery, 8-13 July 2012, Lake Biwa, Shiga, Japan, In large lakes, phytoplankton extracellular release (dissolved primary production, dPP) can contribute substantially to the carbon requirement of heterotrophic prokaryote (HP). Nevertheless, the magnitude of dPP has never been measured in large tropical lakes and the identity of the micro-organisms responsible for the reassimilation of excreted compounds (DOCp) is unknown. We performed short-term (6h) radiotracer (14C) incubations to quantify dPP and the prokaryotic reassimilation of the labeled DOCp in Lake Kivu. We also examined the identity of the cells actively taking up DO14Cp using MAR-FISH (microautoradiography combined with fluorescent in-situ hybridization). The dPP rates were comparatively high, ranging from 40 to 65 % of total phytoplankton production, consistent with the view that tropical environmental conditions (high irradiance and temperature) favors high extracellular release. The DOCp was rapidly assimilated, less than 2 hours after the release. Members of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Bacteriodetes were involved in DO14Cp uptake proportionally to their abundance, but differed strongly in their ability to incorporate a standard tracer (3H-leucine). The latter suggests that bacterial production measurements (made with 3H-leucine) could be dramatically influenced by prokaryotic community composition

9 pages, 5 figures.

Decision-making (DM) is an important ability targeted in the formation of young football players that can improve by using small-sided games (SSGs). The main purpose of this study was to assess players' DM in different balanced and unbalanced SSG formats keeping the play area constant. The sample was composed of 10 field players plus 2 goalkeepers (13.55±0.51 years). This study consisted of 3 sessions, one day for each session, with an interval of 48 hours apart between sessions. Three different SSG formats (4vs.4; 4vs.5; 4vs.6), in a play area of 40x30 meters, were selected. The outcome was the decision-making index (DMI), assessed with the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI). Results showed that on two of the three days, there were statistical differences in DMI across the three different SSG formats. In the 4vs.6 format a higher median score than in the 4vs.4 format was recorded on day 2 (U=13.0, z=-2.34, p=.025, r=.57) and day 3 (U=5.50, z=-2.98, p=.003, r=.72). In conclusion, the use of unbalanced SSG formats in the training may benefit DM development, and therefore may constitute an important factor to be considered in the formation of young football players.

Introduction and Objective: The observation and analysis are fundamental in the study of opposing teams and the team itself, as they provide relevant information for the planning of the coaches. The purpose of this research focused on the analysis of the Barcelona team goals through techniques of notational analysis, sequential and T-patterns detection. Materials and Methods: We coded 65 goals from Barcelona through SGOF using Lince® program. For the processing of data were used IBM SPSS Statistics®, SDIS-GSEQ® and THEME®. Results: We recorded more occurrences of goals obtained through the interception recoveries in areas of the offensive midfield, where last pass happens in the last third of the field and finalizing in the penalty area and with the right foot. The most effective method for achieving the goal is the fast attack. The importance of tactical schemes has been verified. Discussion: The results obtained allowed to determine some behavioral regularities in the goals achieved by this team. Conclusions: The complementary analysis allows the collection of a set of important information for the planning carried out by the coach for training and for competition. Introducción y Objetivo: La observación y el análisis son fundamentales en el estudio de los equipos contrarios y del propio equipo, ya que aportan información relevante para la planificación de los entrenadores. El objetivo de esta investigación se centró en el análisis de los goles del equipo Barcelona mediante técnicas de análisis notacional, secuencial y detección de T-patterns. Materiales y Métodos: Se codificaron 65 goles del Barcelona a través de SGOF, utilizando el programa Lince®. Para el procesamiento de datos se utilizaron IBM SPSS Statistics®, SDIS-GSEQ® y THEME®. Resultados: Hubo más ocurrencias de goles obtenidos a través de intercepciones, en las zonas del mediocampo ofensivo, donde el último pase ocurre en el último tercio del campo y la finalización en el área penal y con el pie derecho. El método más efectivo para lograr el objetivo es el ataque rápido. Se comprobó la importancia de los esquemas tácticos. Discusión: Los resultados obtenidos permitieron determinar algunas regularidades de comportamiento en las metas obtenidas por este equipo. Conclusiones: El análisis complementario realizado permite recopilar un conjunto de información importante para la planificación que realiza el entrenador para el entrenamiento y la competición. Introduzione e Obiettivo: L'osservazione e l'analisi sono fondamentali nello studio delle squadre avversarie e della squadra stessa, in quanto forniscono informazioni rilevanti per la pianificazione degli allenatori. L'obiettivo di questa indagine si è concentrato sull'analisi degli obiettivi del team di Barcellona attraverso tecniche di analisi notazionele, sequenziale e rilevamento di modelli a T. Materiali e Metodi: 65 obiettivi di Barcellona sono stati codificati tramite SGOF, utilizzando il programma Lince®. Per l'elaborazione dei dati sono stati utilizzati IBM SPSS Statistics®, SDIS-GSEQ® e THEME®. Risultati: Più occorrenze di gol ottenuti per intercettazione, nelle zone di centrocampo offensive, dove l'ultimo passaggio avviene nell'ultimo terzo del campo e la finalizzazione in area di rigore e con il piede destro. Il metodo più efficace per raggiungere l'obiettivo è l'attacco rapido. L'importanza degli schemi tattici è stata verificata. Discussione: I risultati ottenuti ci hanno permesso di determinare alcune regolarità comportamentali negli obiettivi raggiunti da questa squadra. Conclusioni: L'analisi complementare effettuata permette di raccogliere un insieme di informazioni importanti per la pianificazione effettuata dall'allenatore per gli allenamenti e la competizione. Introdução e Objetivo: A observação e análise são fundamentais no estudo de equipas adversárias e da própria equipa, uma vez que fornecem informações pertinentes para a planificação dos treinadores. O objetivo desta investigação centrou-se na análise dos gols da equipa do Barcelona mediante técnicas de análise notacional, sequencial e detecção de T-patterns. Materiais e Métodos: Foram codificados 65 gols do Barcelona através do SGOF, utilizando o programa Lince®. Para o tratamento dos dados foram utilizados o IBM SPSS Statistics®, SDIS-GSEQ® e THEME®. Resultados: Foram registradas mais ocorrências de gols obtidos através de recuperações pela interceção, nas zonas do meio campo ofensivo, em que último passe acontece no último terço do campo e a finalização na área de grande penalidade e com o pé direito. O método mais efetivo para a concretização do gol é o ataque rápido. Foi verificada a importância dos esquemas táticos. Discussão: Os resultados obtidos permitiram determinar algumas regularidades comportamentais nos gols obtidos por esta equipa. Conclusões: A análise complementar realizada permite a recolha de um conjunto de informações importantes para o planeamento realizado pelo treinador para o treino e para a competição. Introdução e Objetivo: A observação e análise são fundamentais no estudo de equipas adversárias e da própria equipa, uma vez que fornecem informações pertinentes para a planificação dos treinadores. O objetivo desta investigação centrou-se na análise dos gols da equipa do Barcelona mediante técnicas de análise notacional, sequencial e detecção de T-patterns. Materiais e Métodos: Foram codificados 65 gols do Barcelona através do SGOF, utilizando o programa Lince®. Para o tratamento dos dados foram utilizados o IBM SPSS Statistics®, SDIS-GSEQ® e THEME®. Resultados: Foram registradas mais ocorrências de gols obtidos através de recuperações pela interceção, nas zonas do meio campo ofensivo, em que último passe acontece no último terço do campo e a finalização na área de grande penalidade e com o pé direito. O método mais efetivo para a concretização do gol é o ataque rápido. Foi verificada a importância dos esquemas táticos. Discussão: Os resultados obtidos permitiram determinar algumas regularidades comportamentais nos gols obtidos por esta equipa. Conclusões: A análise complementar realizada permite a recolha de um conjunto de informações importantes para o planeamento realizado pelo treinador para o treino e para a competição.

Orientadores: Gustavo Quevedo Romero, Owen Leonard Petchey Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia Resumo: Ecossistemas são estruturados por componentes abióticos, como temperatura e pluviosidade, e bióticos como produtores primários e predadores. Mudanças globais têm alterado fortemente estes fatores, afetando ecossistemas de maneira direta ou indireta, através dos impactos na biodiversidade. Estas alterações têm sido bem documentadas atualmente e atribuída, em grande parte, a uma ampla variedade de efeitos antrópicos como mudanças climáticas e degradação de habitat. A extinção de espécies devido às mudanças globais não ocorre de maneira aleatória e alguns grupos são mais suscetíveis, como por exemplo, predadores de topo. Nós utilizamos bromélias-tanque como sistema modelo para investigar, empiricamente, os efeitos isolados e interativos do aquecimento, das mudanças na diversidade de predadores de topo e do tamanho do habitat no funcionamento ecossistêmico e nos padrões de diversidade de diferentes grupos biológicos. No primeiro capítulo, investigamos como alterações ambientais (aquecimento e redução no tamanho do habitat) e tróficas (diversidade de predadores) afetam diferentes componentes da multifuncionalidade ecossistêmica, mediado pela diversidade e biomassa da comunidade aquática. No segundo capítulo, investigamos como essas mudanças ambientais e tróficas afetam os padrões de diversidade de diferentes grupos biológicos distantes filogeneticamente e de diferentes níveis tróficos - macrofauna, microfauna e bactérias. Nossos resultados demonstram que o aquecimento, a diversidade de predadores e o tamanho do habitat afetam de maneira particular a multifuncionalidade ecossistêmica e a diversidade dos diferentes grupos biológicos e níveis tróficos, diferindo em direção e magnitude. Esse estudo trouxe descobertas inéditas de como mudanças globais agem de maneira isolada e interativa na biodiversidade e funcionamento ecossistêmico Abstract: Ecosystems are structured by abiotic components, such as temperature and rainfall, and biotics including primary producers and predators. Global changes have strongly modified these factors, affecting ecosystems directly or indirectly, through impacts on biodiversity. These changes have been well documented and attributed to several anthropogenic drivers such as climate change and habitat degradation. Species loss due to global changes does not occur randomly, and some groups are more sensitive than others, such as top predators. We used tank bromeliads as a model system to investigate, empirically, the individual and interactive effects of warming, changes in top predator diversity, and habitat size in ecosystem functioning and diversity patterns of different biological groups. In the first chapter, we evaluated how these antropogenic-caused environmental changes (warming and habitat size reduction) combine with changes in predator diversity affect different components of ecosystem multifunctionality, mediated by the diversity and biomass of the aquatic community. In the second chapter, we explored how these environmental and trophic changes affect the diversity patterns of phylogenetically distant organisms and from different trophic levels - macrofauna, microfauna, and bacteria. Our results demonstrate that warming, predator diversity, and habitat size individually affect the ecosystem multifunctionality and diversity of different biological groups and trophic levels, differing in direction and magnitude. This study brought unprecedented discoveries of how individual and interactive components of global change drive biodiversity and ecosystem functioning Doutorado Ecologia Doutor em Ecologia FAPESP 2014/04603-4 CAPES