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A Tesla coil is a device used for obtaining high voltage at high frequency. The initial purpose its creator, Nikola Tesla, envisioned for it was to transmit wireless energy; advances in electronics have helped people build Tesla coils that can produce music, the lightning bolts acting like a speaker. Nowadays, this device is used for research and special effects. However, we argue that such a device is also very useful in transmitting power wirelessly. The scope of the project is to be able to present concepts in physics, Transmit the power wirelessly! Consequently, in this project we will present the concept of wireless electricity and eliminate limitation of wireless electricity transmission

Background: Percutaneous renal biopsy is an established diagnostic tool for identification of renal pathology required for diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication. The present study was conducted to know the common indications and histopathological findings of renal biopsy, impact of biopsy report on treatment, and complications of procedure. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in the paediatric ward of a tertiary care level hospital. Indications of renal biopsy as suggested by medical records were noted down. Any treatment changes happened after final histopathological report were recorded. Statistical analysis was made using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM, NY). Results: The mean age of patients at which biopsy was done was 9.83±5.31 years. Most common indications of renal biopsy were nephritic onset nephrotic syndrome (34.8%), steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (21.7%), steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome requiring calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) (17.4%), lupus nephritis (8.7%), nephrotic syndrome with later age of onset (8.7%), acute kidney injury (AKI) stage 3 (4.3%) and for evidence of calcineurin inhibitor toxicity (4.3%). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (26.1%), minimal change disease (21.7%) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephrosis (17.4%) were the most common histopathological findings. Conclusions: This study reiterates the fact that renal biopsy is one of the decisive and diagnostic procedures and has good prognostic value in further management of medical renal disease.

The plant Amaranths viridis Linn, an annual herb from the Amaranthaceae family, is used in traditional medicine to cure a range of ailments and to determine the various criteria for pharmacognostical standards. A. vilidis L. leaf extract contains a number of biologically active substances, including saponins, tannins and phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, and triterpenoids. The amino acids lysine, arginine, histidine, cysteine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, methionine, and tyrosine are among the substances found in A. viridis. A. vilidis L contains a chemical compound with potent anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, antiulcer, antiallergic, and antiviral effects. They also exhibit antimicrobial, antipyretic, antihyperlipidemic,antidiabetic, and anti-HMG-CoA reductase activities.

Ayurveda an ancient healing system, is a system of understanding human health that has been termed as the "Mother of All Healings. It helps preventing disease, diagnosis, and treatment through the use of a unique, personal method that is based on an evaluation of each patient's constitution. Researchers from all over the world isolated various photochemicals from herbs and recreated their effects with compound pharmaceuticals. In this reviwew we focused about phytopharmacology of Hemidesmus indicus such as analgesic, antiinflammatory, antipyretic, antiarthritic, antioxidant, antiacne, antipsychotic, anti-diarrhoeal, wound healing, antiulcer, larvicidal, antivenom, antihyperlipaedaemic, antimicrobial, anti-carcinogenic activities.

A field experiment was carried out in the AICRP on Cotton, Haradanahalli Farm, Chamarajanagar, Karnataka to know the association of morphological characters of 15 cotton genotypes (different resistance category) influencing resistance to mirid bug, Creontiades biseratense. Cotton morphological parameters viz., trichome density on leaves, squares and midvein showed a significance difference with the genotypes and the higher incidence of mirid bug was recorded on genotypes having more trichome density. Similarly, genotypes having higher boll rind thickness and length of petiole recorded the higher incidence. of C. biseratense. There was a significant positive correlation between C. biseratense incidence and trichomes on leaves (r = 0.90**), trichomes on squares (r = 0.89**), trichomes on midvein (r = 0.91**), boll rind thickness (0.80**) and length of petiole (r = 0.60*). However thickness of leaf showed the non-significant negative difference among the genotypes (r = -0.03).

The present study on the incidence of mirid bugs in relation to weather factors in Bt and non Bt cotton hybrids was carried out at the KVK, Haradanahalli, Chamarajanagar. During the study three species of mirid bugs viz., Creontiades biseratense (Distant), Helopeltis theivora (Waterhouse) and Taylorilygus apicalis (Fiber) were observed, of which C. biseratense was the dominant. Maximum incidence of C. biseratense (6.56/ 10 squares/ plant), Helopeltis theivora (3.60/ 10 squares/plant) and Taylorilygus apicalis (2.40/ 10 squares/ plant) was observed at 42nd, 45th, 43rd standard meteorological weeks. Correlation coefficients revealed that maximum temperature has a significant negative association with incidence. However, non-significant negative association was exhibited by evening relative humidity (RH) and rainfall. In contrast to this, significant positive association was observed with morning RH, a non-significant positive one with minimum temperature.

Fake news has been increasingly prevalent in recent years due to the quick growth of online social networks, which are used for a variety of political and commercial goals. Users of online social networks can easily become infected by these online fake news with deceptive language, and this has already had a significant impact on offline culture. Finding bogus news quickly is a crucial step in enhancing the reliability of information in online social networks. In order to identify false news pieces, creators, and subjects from online social networks and assess the performance of these methods and algorithms, this research looks at them. The report also discusses the difficulties posed by the varied linkages across news sources and the unknowable characteristics of fake news.

As tourism is one of the fastest growing industries today, thus within the tourism industry events are getting more and more important. People have become more interested in events of all kinds, and will travel far away to participate in events that they find interesting. Events can offer various economic and social benefits for destinations, and therefore destination managers can and should employ events effectively in a tourism role. It has become widely accepted that every community and destination need to adopt a long-term, strategic approach to event tourism thereby planning and development in order to realize the full tourism potential of events. This study was launched as a response to the lack of studies on how Tours strategies are actually used in destinations. The study was directed to tours and travel management system and the aim was to explore Tour and Travel packages. We offer tour and travel services including ticket bookings, hotel reservations, rental car services, holiday tour packages, domestic tour packages. We provide the most suitably designed as well as the customized travel packages to the customers. We offer everything related to travelling services under one roof

Stroboscopic effects can alter human visual perception of the moving object in normal fluorescent lamps. To eliminate this effect, stroboscopic free fluorescent lamps are to be used in electrical machines laboratory to avoid accidents caused by moving object. A capacitor is placed in series with choke between two set of parallel connection of florescent lamp at 900 out of phase, thereby avoiding flickering of lamps at same time period. Hence one of the lamps will be glow during one half cycle. The aim of this paper is to install the stroboscopic free florescent lamps in Electric Machines laboratory to eliminate stroboscopic visual effect.

In human-computer interaction or sign language interpretation, recognizing hand gestures and face detection become predominant in computer vision research. The primary goal of this proposed system is to create a system, which can identify hand gestures and facial detection to convey information for controlling media player. For those who are deaf and dumb sign language is a common, efficient and alternative way for talking, by using the hand and facial gestures we can easily understand them. Here hand and face are directly use as the input to the device for effective communication purpose of gesture identification there is no need of an intermediate medium.

Software testing is one of the most important steps before its official roll–out to the market. Testing of embedded software is a very complex, tedious, and time–consuming process. Manual execution of the test cases can pose a huge challenge to the test engineers in terms of the time consumed to execute and compile the results of hundreds of test cases. This paper presents a solution to automate the entire process of build and install of Board Support Package (BSP) using Jenkins, along with the automation of the testing process using Linaro Automation and Validation Architecture (LAVA). The proposed design is validated in a BSP testing environment to show the ease of testing using the framework mentioned in this paper.

Speech is an autonomous and unconscious activity. Its production involves a combination of phonation and articulation. Thus the aim of the study is to evaluate and compare linguo palatal sounds /ţ/, /d/, /tᶴ^/and /ᶴ^/ in three different groups like Group A individual with conventional complete dentures without palatine rugae, group B individual with conventional complete dentures with palatine rugae and Group C normal dentition individuals. A total of 20 individuals completely edentulous were selected in the age range of 50 to 65 years for the study. Control group consisted of10 individuals, with complete natural dentition in the same age group.4 Linguo-palatal phonemes in Kannada like /ţ/, /d/, /tᶴ^/and /ᶴ^/ were considered for the study and the target phonemes were identified in the initial and medial position of words of Kannada Articulation Test. The speech samples with target phonemes were analysed perceptually and acoustically by SLP software. Spectral parameters and temporal parameters were better in with palatal rugae denture than compared to without palatal rugae. Perceptual analysis reports showed many substitution errors with a conventional denture. To summarize, with customized rugae denture speech was clearer. To conclude, speech characteristic will be better after denture insertion compared to the edentulous stage.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is presently the third major cause of death in the world with 80% of deaths due to COPD occurring in countries with low- and middle income. Impaired lung function is associated with high serum uric acid levels due to tissue hypoxia-induced degradation of adenosine, pulmonary arterial hypertension and inflammation-induced damage of lung tissue. This study aims to find out if serum uric acid can be used as an early marker of disease severity in COPD patients by correlating it to spirometry values. Material: The objectives of this study were to estimate serum uric acid levels in patients with COPD and to correlate serum uric acid levels with spirometry values in patients with COPD. This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 80 patients of COPD satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria admitted in hospitals attached to Bangalore Medical Collegeamp; Research Institute. All necessary investigations were done, including serum uric acid levels. The patients underwent spirometry and the severity of airflow limitation was classified according to GOLD 2021 guidelines and correlated with the serum uric acid levels. Observation: The age of the patients ranged from 42 to 88 years of which 72 were males and 8 were females with 85% of the total patients being smokers. In this study, out of 80 patients, 7.5%, 16.3%, 38.8% and 37.5% belonged to MMRC grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Majority of patients i.e. 37(46.3%) belonged to GOLD stage 2 with 9(11.3%) and 34(42.5%) categorized as GOLD stage 1 and 3 respectively. Mean uric acid level in patients was 3.74, 5.44 and 6.70 mg/dL in patients with post-bronchodilator FEV1 of ≥ 80%, FEV1 50% tolt; 80% and FEV1 30% tolt; 50% predicted values respectively while it was 4.43, 6.27 and 6.61 mg/ dL in patients with post-bronchodilator FVC of 100-120%, 80-99% and 60-79% predicted value respectively. Uric acid levels correlated significantly with FEV1 and FVC values (p = 0.00). Significant correlation was also seen between GOLD staging and uric acid (p = 0.00) with uric acid levels of 3.74, 5.43 and 6.70 mg/dL corresponding to GOLD stage 1, 2 and 3 respectively Conclusion: Rising uric acid levels correspond with increasing severity of airflow limitation in patients with COPD. Serum uric acid is a useful, easily available, cost effective marker for predicting disease severity and thereby the prognosis in patients with COPD.

Connecting all the electronic devices through internet have given rise to an era of Internet of Things. As an enhancement to this, machine learning implementation on Internet of Things to automate the ongoing activities in various technical and non-technical fields have increased. In this work, an effort is made to automate the activities on farmland such as irrigation and animal intrusion detection using Convolution Neural Network. The proposed system performed better in terms of accuracy.

Behavioral economics has a lot to contribute to effective policies and other applications. As evidence in this area accumulates, the field will increasingly provide direct insights for applications that maximize policy outcomes, particularly to those with a direct relationship to human choices and behaviors. To realize this potential, it is necessary to understand the psychological theory and the mechanisms currently used to study behavior, as well as the historic development of the field. While much was traditionally understood through the lens of classical economics, recent trends have expanded to include findings from psychology, neuroscience, and sociology, to name a few, leading to the areas of scientific study commonly referred to as behavioral science and behavioral economics. Findings from these domains are typically known as behavioral insights. They are often characterized by the use of behavioral constructs to explain patterns in the behavior of groups or single individuals. Many influential individuals from these domains have propelled our knowledge of the field, exploring the idiosyncratic ways in which behavior and decision-making affect our daily lives. This chapter provides a brief history of how this field came to be so academically influential while outlining the work of leading figures and concepts necessary to understand, study, and implement these behavioral insights.

Background: Organophosphorus insecticides are one of the most common causes of poisoning in India. It has a high mortality rate and accounts for a third of suicidal deaths in south-east Asia.Methods: The objectives were to estimate serum pseudocholinesterase and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels in organophosphorus poisoning and correlate them with the severity and prognosis described by the Peradeniya organophosphorus poisoning (POP) scale at initial presentation. This was a cross-sectional study conducted over 18 months. A total of 180 organophosphorus-poisoning subjects were divided into mild, moderate and severe grades based on POP scale at admission. Serum pseudocholinesterase and CPK levels were estimated at admission. The outcome was noted, and the results were statistically analysed.Results: It was found that 112 (62.2%), 51 (28.3%) and 17 (9.4%) patients had mild, moderate and severe poisoning, respectively, according to POP scale. Mean pseudocholinesterase level (units/litre) was 2393.29, 1104.37 and 638.18 and mean serum CPK level (units/ litre) was 153.41, 344.94 and 280.53 in mild, moderate and severe poisoning, respectively. ICU and ventilator were required for 84 (46.75%) and 72 (40%) patients, respectively. Mortality was 17.8%. Negative, weak and significant correlation was seen between POP score and pseudocholinesterase (r=-0.265, p=0.00). Positive, moderate and significant correlation was seen between POP score and CPK levels (r=0.449, p=0.00).Conclusions: POP scale applied at admission along with serum pseudocholinesterase and CPK levels serve as a simple and effective system to determine early need for ventilation and mortality in rural, peripheral centres in developing nations.

Background: Inhaled medications form the cornerstone for the management of Asthma and related diseases. Proper technique of pressurized metered dose Inhalers (pMDIs) has proven to be associated with higher level of control of these conditions. Medical personnel who are responsible for training patients must themselves be proficient with usage of pMDI. This study evaluated the outcome of different educational interventions regarding the correct usage of pMDI. Methods: An interventional study was carried out with 60 second year medical students in department of pharmacology, HIMS, Hassan from June to August 2015. Pre and post intervention (after one week and one month) was evaluated based on National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) criteria for the use of pMDI by written and demonstration methods. The interventions included a video clip, an information leaflet and demonstration by a trained faculty. Results: Overall mean scores in pre-test for written knowledge and skill demonstration are 2.13±1.49 and 3.78±1.06 .There was substantial improvement in post intervention scores 7.15±1.41 and 7.37±1.67 (p

The application of antiagglomerant hydrate inhibitors (AAs) is becoming more important as advancing technology allows access to petroleum reserves with extreme conditions including high pressures, high temperatures, sour reservoirs, and arctic climates. Application of thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs) is becoming cumbersome and outdated due to high volumes required, especially in offshore applications. High subcooling scenarios and capital costs preclude the use of kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) and THIs. Even though AAs are industrially recognized surfactants, they have not been extensively studied with regard to their surfactant properties as related to performance. In this paper, selected AAs have been examined in terms of their surfactant properties. These findings were then related to hydrate inhibition performance in a crude oil system. It is widely known that AAs perform better with increased salinities and decreased water-cuts. This study provides data that shines light on the plausible r...

Background: 10 point Apgar score has been used to assess the condition and prognosis of newborn infants throughout the world. Objective of the study is to compare the effects of general and spinal anesthesia on Apgar score in newborns of pregnant women undergoing elective caesarean section. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: This study was conducted in the department of pediatrics between December 2012 to June 2013. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Recorded Apgar scores of 90 neonates were retrospectively studied after obtaining data from medical records department. Mothers of neonate in Group R (N: 60) underwent caesarean section by spinal anesthesia and mothers of neonates in Group G (N: 30) by general anesthesia. Apgar score ≥ 7 was considered as Satisfactory to the newborns. ANALYSIS: The data collected was analyzed through statistical package SPSS version 10.0. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data; independent samples't-test was used to compare quantitative variables. Qualitative variables were compared through chi-square test. P value 7 was observed in significantly more neonates in group R as compare to group G (p

Background: Different medications are used to reduce pain and inflammation after cataract surgery. Hence this study was taken up to compare the efficacy and safety of topical bromfenac 0.09% over topical flurbiprofen 0.03% in reducing anterior chamber inflammation and pain after cataract surgery.Methods: Total of 100 patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery with posterior chamber intra ocular lens (IOL) implantation were randomly allocated to receive bromfenac 0.09% and flurbiprofen 0.03% topically from first post-operative day onwards for 6 weeks. Assessment of anterior chamber inflammation and pain was done by slit lamp and visual analogue scale respectively on each follow up days. Analysis was done by unpaired t test and Fischer’s exact test.Results: The response to treatment was earlier in bromfenac group for all the inflammatory changes (significant difference was found on day 7, p

Studies in Wireless Mesh Networks have often focused on the comparison of various mesh protocols, or the design of new mesh protocols in a simulation environment (such as NS2, OPNET etc.). However the results obtained in a simulation environment are sometimes not valid in a real site where the network is meant to be deployed. This paper describes the development of a new large scale wireless mesh network test bed and a preliminary analysis of three mesh protocols. This experimental test bed can be used to compare various protocols, to design new protocols and perform a detailed testing and so on.

The ability to classify spoken speech based on the style of speaking is an important problem. With the advent of BPO's in recent times, specifically those that cater to a population other than the local population, it has become necessary for BPO's to identify people with certain style of speaking (American, British etc). Today BPO's employ accent analysts to identify people having the required style of speaking. This process while involving human bias, it is becoming increasingly infeasible because of the high attrition rate in the BPO industry. In this paper, we propose a new metric, which robustly and accurately helps classify spoken speech based on the style of speaking. The role of the proposed metric is substantiated by using it to classify real speech data collected from over seventy different people working in a BPO. We compare the performance of the metric against human experts who independently carried out the classification process. Experimental results show that the performance of the system using the novel metric performs better than two different human expert., Comment: 5 pages; OCOCOSDA 2010

Background: In the present day world the expenditure on medicines is very high. Most of the people in developing countries find it difficult to afford expensive medicines. One of the measures to cut down the expenditure on medicines is to use generic drugs. Hence the study was taken up to know the awareness, attitude and preference for generic drugs among medical and non medical persons.Methods: The study was done on 290 participants. 60 medical interns, 30 doctors, 50 nurses, 50 non medical staff (clerks and attenders) and 100 patients were included. They were given a questionnaire to know the awareness and knowledge on generic drugs, willingness to prescribe (among doctors) and use it (non medical staff and patients).Results: This study showed that all medical persons- doctors, interns and nurses knew about generic drugs whereas 60% of non medical staff and 95% of the patients were not aware about it. All doctors had good knowledge about generic drugs and 80% prescribed it always. 70% of the patients depended on what doctors prescribed for them and never asked for generic/ branded drugs in particular. 70% non medical staff preferred it only sometimes.Conclusions: The awareness among non medical persons is poor than medical persons among the surveyed population. Hence adequate measures should be taken to increase awareness and knowledge among public so that they become imperative enough to ask their doctors to prescribe generic drugs.

In the present IT era, there is a great need of fully automated industrial system. With the growing popularity of Internet and the development of embedded technology, Web technology has been extended to the development and application of embedded system. In the future pervasive computing environment, people would be surrounded by a great multitude of microcomputers that would be embedded in home appliances, factory devices, and so on. It is a better choice for these devices to be embedded a Web server. An embedded Web server (EWS) is a microcontroller that contains an Internet software suite as well as application code for monitoring and controlling systems. The main aim of the project discussed in this paper is to use the personal computer (PC) with the Ethernet card to send the messages to remote locations which is received by the 32-bit ARM processor in order to control the devices in the real-time environment. By using this project, it is possible to change the status (ON/OFF) of any appliance connected to ARM processor board via Internet. The messages from the PC can also be sent to any remote locations in the world using this technology. The codes for the implementation of this project have been written in embedded C language as it is easy to understand and is suitable for the embedded system design. This project has been designed for monitoring and controlling the status of two devices. The client can monitor and control the status (ON/OFF) of the devices via Internet from any corner of the world.

The synthesis of a di-perfluorohexyl tag is reported for use in a fluorous-based carbohydrate microarray. A comparative microarray study with this di-perfluorohexyl tag and a mono-perfluorooctyl and mono-perfluorohexyl tag found the increased fluorous content conducive to better spot morphology and easier washing protocols without precluding reuse of the fluorous slide.

Fluorous-based carbohydrate microarrays provide an alternative to traditional covalent microarray -platforms for probing protein-carbohydrate-binding interactions. The most studied plant lectin, concanavalin A (ConA), is known to bind to terminally α-linked mannose. In the studies presented, the binding of ConA with α-mannose is analyzed using a microarray formed on a fluorous-coated glass slide with the sugar containing a fluorous tag at the anomeric position.

One of the key aspects of cryptography and network/Internet security is authentication. Authentication is all about establishing the identity of one or both parties in a conversation or session. There are many ways to authenticate a user like password-based, forms-based, token-based, certificate-based, smart cards, biometrics and Kerberos. Kerberos helps in achieving single sign on (SSO). SSO is a method of access control that enables a user to authenticate once and gain access to the resources of multiple software systems. This paper deals with the case study for a banking application that is providing all the services to its customers via the Internet. But the requirement is user should be able to log on to the bank's site using a single user-id and password. Once user logs in to one of the application, all other applications should automatically detect that the user has already authenticated itself to the application & simply reuse the credentials of that authentication. This requirement calls for the solution of single sign on (SSO). This paper discusses a SSO solution that provides a single authentication interface to all the end-users.

An antioxidant molecule inhibits the oxidation of other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that transfers electrons or hydrogen from a substance to an oxidizing agent. Oxidation reactions can produce free radicle, which can start chain reactions. When this reaction occurs in cell, it can cause damage or death to the cell. Antioxidants terminate these chain reactions by removing free radical intermediates, and inhibit other oxidation reactions. They do this by being oxidized themselves, so antioxidants are often reducing agents. The antioxidant effect include a considerable reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, which allows lycopene to prevent lipid per oxidation and DNA damage. It also induces enzymes of the cellular antioxidant defense systems by activating the antioxidant response element transcription system. The tetra terpene structure of lycopene with two unconjugated bonds is easily attacked by electrophilic reagents resulting in extreme poverty reactivity towards oxygen and free radicals. Lycopene is a bright red carotene and carotenoids pigment found in tomatoes, carrots, watermelons, papayas and other red fruits and vegetables. It reduces the risk of cancers of many organs, retards growth of tumors and also has a chemopreventive effect against diseases like cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, male infertility, protection against damage caused by ionizing radiation and reduces negative effect on cancer radiotherapy.