Search

Commodity prices forecasting is one of the business functions to estimate future demand based on past data trend. This study aims to implement a trial and error technique of the constant (alpha α) value in the exponential smoothing method. Dealing with confusion that often researchers find in selecting an alpha (α) value among exponential smoothing families, which suits characteristics of the investigated case. As selection of the constant value precisely contributes to reduce the forecasting deviation. This paper used the alpha (α) value in the range 0,1 to 0,9 and utilized the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) as the parameter to know the grade of prediction. In data training, the authors used Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) and Brown’s Double Exponential Smoothing (B-DES) as methods to compare the results of prediction. It is addressed that forecasting with alpha (α) 0,1 is the most optimal values for Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) in this case with margin error 0,00036 of MAPE and 16,84 of MAE. &nbsp, Commodity prices forecasting is one of the business functions to estimate future demand based on past data trend. This study aims to implement a trial and error technique of the constant (alpha α) value in the exponential smoothing method. Dealing with confusion that often researchers find in selecting an alpha (α) value among exponential smoothing families, which suits characteristics of the investigated case. As selection of the constant value precisely contributes to reduce the forecasting deviation. This paper used the alpha (α) value in the range 0,1 to 0,9 and utilized the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) as the parameter to know the grade of prediction. In data training, the authors used Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) and Brown’s Double Exponential Smoothing (B-DES) as methods to compare the results of prediction. It is addressed that forecasting with alpha (α) 0,1 is the most optimal values for Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) in this case with margin error 0,00036 of MAPE and 16,84 of MAE.

In this article we examine students’ attitudes towards participation in higher education in Cameroon and consider the role of personal and socioeconomic factors in their post-school educational trajectories. The data were drawn from a questionnaire survey of 1,860 final-year secondary school students from Yaoundé, Cameroon, as well as supplementary interviews with 16 students. The findings show that the majority of respondents indicated a preference to continue their education after the end of secondary school and participate in some form of higher education. However, contrary to previous studies that identify gender or SES segregation in higher education participation, the findings in this study suggest that the influence of SES and gender on students’ attitudes was minimised in the later stage of secondary schooling. Among the relatively minor external influences, institutional factors surpass family influence, and fathers’ influence is stronger than that of mothers, echoing the patriarchal cultural background in Cameroon. Considering the positive attitudes revealed in this study, it is suggested that more external efforts could be made to respond to students’ optimistic attitudes and smooth their transition processes. Higher education institutions should improve their capability to enrol and accommodate more students and patriarchal culture should also be challenged to boost women’s educational opportunities.

IntroductionRacial-ethnic disparities in COVID-19 vaccination are well documented. The extent to which racism, manifested at the individual and ZIP code levels, explains disparities in early vaccination uptake remains unclear.MethodsData from a statewide poll of California registered voters (N=10,256), conducted between April 29 and May 5, 2021, linked to area-level resource data, were analyzed. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models examined racial disparities in COVID-19 vaccination. Decomposition analyses quantified how much of the observed racial disparities in vaccination were explained by racial discrimination and social disadvantage (i.e., educational attainment, 2019 household income, and ZIP code social vulnerability).ResultsLatinx (64.6%) and Black (66.7%) adults were less likely to have at least 1 COVID-19 vaccine dose by April or May 2021 than White adults (74.7%). In adjusted analyses, Latinx (AOR=0.69, 95% CI=0.57, 0.84) and Black (AOR=0.51, 95% CI=0.37, 0.70) adults had a lower likelihood of being vaccinated than Whites. Social disadvantage accounted for 77.4% (p

This study examined socioeconomic disparities in changes in adolescent mental health between fall 2019 (pre-COVID-19), spring 2020 (initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) phase), and fall 2020 (prevailing COVID-19 phase). Using data from 1429 adolescents (Mage = 17.9) from tertiary vocational schools in the Netherlands with n = 386 participating in all three waves, linear and latent basis growth curve models were assessed and multigroup analyses conducted. Results showed a small but significant decrease in life satisfaction and small but significant increases in emotional problems, peer relationship problems, conduct problems, and hyperactivity-inattention problems. For emotional problems and peer relationship problems, increases between pre-COVID-19 and the initial COVID-19 phase were more pronounced than increases between the initial and prevailing COVID-19 phase. In contrast, linear decreases were found for life satisfaction and linear increases for conduct problems and hyperactivity-inattention problems over the course of the study. Mental health patterns were largely comparable for adolescents from families with varying socioeconomic status. ispartof: STRESS AND HEALTH vol:39 issue:1 pages:169-181 ispartof: location:England status: published

Objectives: The health and well-being of older women may be influenced by frailty and low socioeconomic status (SES). This study examined the association between frailty and SES, healthcare utilisation and quality of life (QOL) among older women in regional Australia. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the Geelong Osteoporosis Study was conducted on 360 women (ages ≥60yr) in the 15-year follow up. Frailty was identified using modified Fried’s phenotype. Individual SES measures and healthcare utilisation were documented by questionnaire. Area-based SES was determined by cross-referencing residential addresses with the Australian Bureau of Statistics Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage (IRSAD). QOL was measured using the Australian World Health Organisation Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQoL-Bref). Multinomial logistic regression was conducted with frailty groupings as outcome. Results: Sixty-two (17.2%) participants were frail, 199 (55.3%) pre-frail and 99 (27.5%) robust. Frail participants were older with higher body mass index. Frailty was associated with lower education but not marital status, occupation or IRSAD. Strong associations with frailty were demonstrated for all WHOQoL-Bref domains. Frailty was associated with more primary care doctor visits (p

Behaving prosocially tends to increase people’s wellbeing. We predict that this positive impact of prosociality will be moderated by a person’s SES, such that the positive impact will be weaker among higher SES participants. This study tests this hypothesis in multiple scenarios.

This study will experimentally manipulate participants’ sense of collective efficacy to compare its effect on pessimistic fatalism and system justification. The present study will also test a moderated mediation moderation model, whereby pessimistic fatalism mediates the relationship between collective (in)efficacy, well-being, and collective action. In this model, participants’ economic status moderates the relationship between pessimistic fatalism and well-being, and between collective (in)efficacy and well-being.

Opera sanatçısı Maria Callas (1923-1977), tüm zamanların en ünlü opera sanatçısı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Ünlü sanatçının opera dünyasına kattığı en büyük değer, Bel Canto sanatına stil, oyunculuk ve icra bakımından kazandırdıklarıdır. Ancak sanatçı kariyerini ne yazık ki erken noktalamak zorunda kalmıştır. Bu konu hakkında pek çok spekülasyon yapılmasına rağmen, kariyerinin erken sonlanmasının nedenlerinin başında dermatomiyozit hastalığı yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Maria Callas’ın çocukluğundan gelen anne baskısı, baba özlemi gibi travmalarının neden olduğu psikolojik durumların ilerleyen yaşlarındaki aile, ilişki ve sanat hayatına olan etkileri, sanat hayatını erken bitirmesine neden olan dermatomiyozit hastalığı ve bu hastalığının erken teşhis edilememesinin özel ve sanat hayatı üzerinde yarattığı etkiler, Aristotle Onassis ile birliktelik yaşamaya başladıktan sonra opera performansına uygun olmayan yaşam biçimi benimseyişinin sağlığına olumsuz etkileri ve bu ilişki sırasında sanatına ara verişinin bir vokal atlet olarak performansına etkilerine yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca yine Maria Callas örneklemi üzerinden, ses ve dermatomiyozit hastalığı bağlantısı ele alınmış, günümüzdeki bu hastalık ile ilgili tedavi yöntemleri incelenmiş ve İtalyan KBB ve Foniatri Uzmanları Prof. Dr. Franco Fussi ve Prof. Dr. Nico Paolo Paolillo tarafından 2010 yılında yapılan bir araştırmanın sonucunda ortaya koydukları hipotezden yola çıkılarak, bu hipotezin bazı verilerine de yer verilmiştir. Tüm bilgilerin ışığında ses eğitimi ile dermatomiyozit hastalığının seyrine olumlu katkı sağlanacak bir yöntem uygulanıp uygulanamayacağı araştırılmıştır., Opera singer Maria Callas (1923-1977) is considered the most famous opera singer of all time. The greatest value that the famous artist added to the world of opera is what she brought to the art of Bel Canto in terms of style, acting and performance. Unfortunately, the artist had to end his career early. Although there are many speculations on this subject, dermatomyositis is one of the main reasons for the premature termination of his career.In this study, the effects of psychological conditions caused by traumas such as maternal pressure, longing for father from her childhood, on family, relationship and art life in her later years, Dermatomyositis disease that causes her to end her art life early, and the inability to detect this disease early on her private and artistic life. not using her medications regularly due to weight gain, the negative effects on her health of adopting a lifestyle that is not suitable for opera performance after she started to live with Aristotle Onassis and entered the society life, the effects of taking a break from her art during the relationship on her performance as a vocal athlete are included. In addition, the connection between voice and Dermatomyositis was discussed, again through the Maria Callas sample, and today’s treatment methods related to this disease were examined and Italian ENT and Phoniatrists Prof. Dr. Franco Fussi and Prof. Dr. Nico Paolo Paolillo, based on the hypothesis they put forward as a result of a study conducted by them in 2010, , some data of this hypothesis are also included. In the light of all information, it has been investigated whether a method that will contribute positively to the course of dermatomyositis with voice training can be applied.

How do country-level inequality and poverty affect mental health for adolescents? Research Questions: In this project we are interested in understanding: Q1: How do country-level inequality and individual-level poverty affect mental health for adolescents? Q2: Do any effects observed differ by gender? Q3: Do any effects observed differ by age? Q4: Is there a 3-way interaction such that girls become worse off later on in adolescence? Data We will use secondary data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). This is public anonymized school-based data. There are currently four phases of data collections (2003-2008; 2009-2012; 2013-2017) which are associated with small variations in survey items. Further information about methodology and collection procedures are available here: https://www.who.int/teams/noncommunicable-diseases/surveillance/systems-tools/global-school-based-student-health-survey Selection of countries We will include all countries for which data was collected in the period 2010-2018 and for which our outcome and predictor variables are included. We anticipate this to be approximately n=90 countries. For countries that are represented more than once in this period, we will include all entries. Variables All variables of interest are present in the core module questionnaire. Outcome: We are interested in mental health outcomes. Previous research with the GSHS has used the available mental health survey single items as proxies for different aspects of mental health (e.g. Arat & Wong, 2017; Campisi et al., 2020; Mahfoud et al., 2011; Ranasinghe, Ramesh, & Jacobsen, 2016). Based on the previous literature, we will examine the two items that have been interpreted as proxies for anxiety (“During the past 12 months, how often have you been so worried about something that you could not sleep at night?”) and for suicide ideation (“During the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?”). We will examine these items both on their own (separate regressions for each outcome) as well as in an combined fashion (as both items address rumination and worry). In the GSHS, the item for anxiety is measure on a 5-point scale (‘Never’, Rarely’, ‘Sometimes’, ‘Most of the time’, ‘Always’) and the item for suicide ideation is measured on a binary scale (‘No’ or ‘Yes’). Previous researchers have dichotomized variables from the GSHS mental health questionnaire (e.g. (Astante et al., 2017; Arat & Wong, 2017; Seidu et al. 2020) and we will similarly consider dichotomizing the anxiety measure (‘Never’ = 0, all other responses = 1). Nevertheless, our final decision on how to combine the measures for anxiety and suicide ideation will also be guided by examining descriptive statistics and plotting the data, so we may potentially consider an additive approach. Predictors: At the individual-level our predictors will be age, sex, and poverty as measured through the hunger variable (During the past 30 days, how often did you go hungry because there was not enough food in your home?). The hunger variable has previously been used as a proxy for socioeconomic status (e.g. Balogun et al., 2014; Pengpid & Peltzer, 2018; Seidu et al. 2020) At the country level, our predictor will be inequality as measured through the SWIID Gini Index (Standardized World Income Inequality Database; Solt, 2020; https://fsolt.org/swiid/). We prefer the SWIID Gini Index over the World Bank’s Gini index as we have ascertained that the latter lacks information for certain years and countries included in the GSHS. Hypotheses: In the following mental health (MH) outcomes includes anxiety on its own, suicide ideation on its own, and their combined measure H1: Material deprivation (indexed by hunger) is associated with worse MH outcomes H2: Country level inequality (indexed by GINI) is associated with worse MH outcomes H3: Country-level inequality is associated with worse MH for those worst-off H4: Both inequality and poverty are associated with worse MH outcomes for girls Analyses: We will run a series of multilevel regression models to address the research questions. We will report adjusted (for age and sex) and unadjusted models. Our models will include a random intercept for each country-year pair. We chose this approach rather than including a random intercept for country and a random intercept for year to avoid cross-classified random intercepts. For each mental health outcome, we will run a separate multilevel regression. Q1: How do country-level inequality and poverty affect mental health for adolescents? (main effects) MH ~ poverty + age + sex + inequality + (1 | country-year) Q2: Do the effect(s) differ by gender (gender interactions) MH ~ poverty + sex*poverty + inequality*sex + age + sex + (1 | country-year) Q3: Do the effect(s) differ by age (age interactions) MH ~ poverty + poverty*age + inequality*age + age + sex + (1 | country-year) Q4: Do the effect(s) differ by age and gender (age*gender interactions MH ~ poverty + sex*poverty + inequality*sex + poverty*age + inequality*age + age*sex*poverty + age*sex*inequality + age + sex + (1 | country-year) References Asante, K. O., Kugbey, N., Osafo, J., Quarshie, E. N. B., & Sarfo, J. O. (2017). The prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviours (ideation, plan and attempt) among adolescents in senior high schools in Ghana. SSM-population health, 3, 427-434. Arat, G., & Wong, P. W. C. (2017). The relationship between physical activity and mental health among adolescents in six middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study. Child & Youth Services, 38(3), 180-195. Balogun, O., Koyanagi, A., Stickley, A., Gilmour, S., & Shibuya, K. (2014). Alcohol consumption and psychological distress in adolescents: a multi-country study. Journal of adolescent health, 54(2), 228-234. Campisi, S. C., Carducci, B., Akseer, N., Zasowski, C., Szatmari, P., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2020). Suicidal behaviours among adolescents from 90 countries: a pooled analysis of the global school-based student health survey. BMC public health, 20(1), 1-11. Mahfoud, Z. R., Afifi, R. A., Haddad, P. H., & DeJong, J. (2011). Prevalence and determinants of suicide ideation among Lebanese adolescents: results of the GSHS Lebanon 2005. Journal of Adolescence, 34(2), 379-384. Pengpid, S., & Peltzer, K. (2018). Parental involvement, health behaviour and mental health among school-going adolescents in seven Pacific Island countries. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 28(8), 1068-1077. Seidu, A. A., Ahinkorah, B. O., Agbaglo, E., Darteh, E. K. M., Ameyaw, E. K., Budu, E., & Iddrisu, H. (2020). Are senior high school students in Ghana meeting WHO’s recommended level of physical activity? Evidence from the 2012 Global School-based Student Health Survey Data. PloS one, 15(2), e0229012. Solt, F. (2020). Measuring income inequality across countries and over time: The standardized world income inequality database. Social Science Quarterly, 101(3), 1183-1199. Ranasinghe, S., Ramesh, S., & Jacobsen, K. H. (2016). Hygiene and mental health among middle school students in India and 11 other countries. Journal of infection and public health, 9(4), 429-435.

Contains fulltext : 289651.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Objective: In Europe's ageing societies, informal care is increasingly critical for fulfilling the care needs of older people. Social inequalities in informal care are, however, still poorly understood, and the ( differential) wellbeing consequences of caregiving remain unclear. Background: To this end, we provide an overview of empirical results, methodological challenges, and open questions originating from our research project IN-CARE (2019-22) that set out to assess inequalities in care and wellbeing in different care regimes. In this article, we focus on social gradients in informal care and its impact on wellbeing across European care contexts from the perspective of caregivers. Method: Based on the data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and the English Longitudinal Study ( ELSA) we applied different regression techniques and estimated fixed-effects models. Results: We find a socio-economic gradient in informal care and wellbeing. Yet, we do not find socioeconomic differences in the effects of caregiving on caregivers' wellbeing across European countries with different LTC policies. Also, we observe strong gender differences in the association of caregiving with caregivers' wellbeing within the population of 50+, which depend on different care arrangements and care regimes. Conclusion: We conclude that gender is still the central inequality dimension in informal caregiving, linked to many other inequality dimensions, and strongly dependent on different care contexts. Thus, when designing social policies, multiple cross-level interactions and path dependencies should be considered. 15 p.

Behaving prosocially such as helping tends to increase people’s wellbeing, while not able to help would decrease people’s wellbeing. In one previous online experiment, we found that (imagining) helping others increases wellbeing more for lower SES individuals than for higher SES individuals; (imagining) not helping others decreases wellbeing more for high SES individuals than for lower SES individuals. The present study aims to replicate this finding using six different scenarios.

This study examines the prevalence of different types of cybercrime victimisation and their shared risk factors among the population of Finland. We examine how respondents’ socio-economic background variables, past offline victimisation experiences, online activity, user skills, and protective measures impact the risk of the most common forms of online victimisation and online polyvictimisation. Our nationally representative survey data were collected from 5455 Finns aged 15 to 74 years (response rate 39%) as part of the Finnish National Crime Survey in 2018. According to our findings, the five most common forms of victimisation were malware, harassment, sexual harassment, hacking, and fraud. Online routines and exposure to potential offenders, along with past offline victimisation experiences, served as notable risk factors for a range of different victimisation experiences online. Our findings show slightly different SES risk factors for victimisation of different online offences, thereby indicating the diverse nature of different types of online victimisation. Our findings also show that young age, better financial situation, high internet use, and user skills, along with past offline victimisation of property crime and violence, associate with increased risk of online polyvictimisation. High user protection decreased the risk of online polyvictimisation.

This study intends to test whether prosocial behaviours such as helping others would lead to wellbeing differently for higher and lower socioeconomic status (SES) individuals. Further, if there is a difference, we aim to test the underlying mechanisms.

This study intends to test whether prosocial behaviours such as helping others would lead to wellbeing differently for higher and lower socioeconomic status (SES) individuals. Further, if there is a difference, we aim to test the underlying mechanisms.

Our aim is to map the literature reporting on college students of any age who identify or are identified as non-white racial or ethnic groups who experience poverty and grief due to the death of a family member or friend. Our second objective is to map the interventional supports in practice delivered from campus or community services to support student academic performance and degree completion.

This study seeks to understand the relationship between bystander participant roles and demographic variables as well as previous exposure to bullying. Specifically, the study focuses on whether differences in socioeconomic status affects bystander behavior in bullying situations in high school.

A repository of information for the NICE CROWD project, during the 2021 - 2022 term, led by PIs Erica Szkody, Cliff McKinney, and NICE Chair Cory J. Cascalheira.

The following study is meant to replicate findings from previous preliminary studies. Specifically, the goals of this study are the following: (1) To distinguish between evaluations of the system (ranging from negative to positive) and motivations toward the system (from a motivation to change or maintain it). (2) To distinguish between bolstering and passive forms of system justification.

Introduction Globally, there has been a rapid rise in non-communicable diseases driven by changing lifestyle choices and health behaviors. Different lifestyle choices threaten to exacerbate existing health inequalities, yet evidence monitoring the extent of this impact in emerging economies is lacking. The article sets out to measure the level of wealth-related inequality and its drivers in one of these lifestyle choices, tobacco consumption, among populations aged ≥50 years in six Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Methods The study provides empirical evidence of the inequality in tobacco consumption across wealth groups in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, the Russian Federation and South Africa using the Erreygers’ corrected concentration indices. These inequalities are then decomposed to gain a deeper understanding of the factors and broader social forces driving inequality. The WHO SAGE data set, collected between 2008 and 2010, is used for the analysis. Results Current tobacco consumption is concentrated among the poor in China, Ghana, India, and South Africa, and among the wealthy in the Russian Federation and Mexico. The inequalities widen when we focus solely on the male population. Although the results differ by country, the major drivers of inequality include wealth, locality, and gender. Conclusions The focus on tobacco consumption in this age group is key to curbing rising healthcare costs and ensuring longevity. Policies aimed at reducing wealthrelated inequalities should especially target high tobacco consumption rates among males, while simultaneously pre-empting and curbing rising rates among women.

▪ Bu makale, Perihan Taş Öz’ün “Bağımsız Türk Sinemasında Erkek Egemen Söylemin Oluşturulması ve Bakış: Bir Çözümleme Örneği ‘Üç Maymun’ başlıklı doktora tez çalışmasından üretilmiştir. Filmsel tasarım süreci, en temel katmanlar olarak görüntü ve ses üzerinden yapılandırılmakta ve bu iki temel öğe yoluyla sinemasal söylemin oluşmasına aracılık etmektedir. Bir sinema filminde öyküsel olan (diegetic) ve öyküsel olmayan (non-diegetic) sesler olarak iki farklı anlatısal işlev gören ses öğesi, gelişen anlatım tekniklerine bağlı olarak yeni işlevler üstlenmekte ve yeni kavramlara odaklanmaya imkân sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı filmsel anlatının tasarım sürecinde, ses inşasının önemini öznellik (subjectivity) kavramı üzerinden analiz etmektir. Sinema teorisyenleri tarafından sıkça tartışılmış bir kavram olan öznellik, çalışma içerisinde Edward Branigan’ın görüşlerinden yola çıkılarak, özne-öznellik ilişkisi bağlamında, karakter anlatısı olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, örneklem olarak Nuri Bilge Ceylan’ın 2008 yılında yönettiği Üç Maymunisimli filmi ele almış ve filmdeki ses kullanımının karakter anlatısına olan etkisini analiz etmiştir. Sinemasal söylem araçlarının yapılandırılması doğrultusunda incelendiğinde, Üç Maymun filminde sesin; görüntünün bir parçası olmaktan öte, bir yandan kendi bütünlüğü içerisinde bağımsız bir söylem aracı olarak inşa edildiği, diğer yandan özne-öznellik ilişkisi bağlamında karakter anlatısını belirlemekte oldukça önemli bir işleve sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

We use data from the German Federal Statistical Office on population counts, births, deaths and income to study the development of socio-economic inequality in mortality rates from 1990 to 2015 for different age groups and both genders. Ranking the 401 German districts by average disposable income per capita, we observe large inequalities in district-level mortality rates in 1990, which had almost disappeared, or at least been flattened considerably, by 2015 particularly for infants, children and the very old. The most important driver of this reduction in inequality is German reunification in 1990. As indicated by more detailed analyses comparing districts in the former East and the former West, even five years after reunification there was a large gap in disposable income, with all Eastern districts considerably poorer than the poorest district in the West. At the same time, mortality rates were higher for all age groups and both genders in the East. Income has caught up, to the extent that there are equally poor districts in the East and West in most recent years (although the West is still much richer on average). Mortality rates in the East have improved considerably and are even below mortality rates for similarly poor districts in the West in the most recent data.

This study looks at how the environment influences brain-behavior relationships, with a focus on socioeconomic status (SES), stress and reasoning in childhood. Do relationships between fluid reasoning and brain structure differ by stress and SES in childhood? Leonard et al., 2018 reported that cortical thickness in the left rostral middle frontal gyrus (l RMFG) was correlated with reasoning only in the low SES group and not in the high SES group in a preschool sample. The present study aims to replicate these findings in a diverse sample, and further extend it by looking at the impact of stress in these relationships.

Master's Thesis regarding the impact of defendant social status indicators (SES and power) on case outcomes in a legal case of adult rape.

Description of the Methodology for the himpathy master's thesis project

See the attached document for details of our protocol and PRISMA-P style registration form.

Hypotheses for Himpathy master's thesis

Building-up on an existing preregistered project on the Role of SES and home activities on early language development in Norwegian 8-36-month-old infants (https://osf.io/4mhjw) during the lock-down period in Norway (March-April 2020), the current project examines this question across 15 countries (22 labs, 12 languages) and, therefore, addresses cross-country differences in (expressive and receptive) vocabulary growth in 8-36-month-old infants, as a function of SES and activities parents engaged in during the first lock-down period (March-September 2020) in each of the respective country (cf details below).

Literature Review

A convincing body of research has shown that shared book reading in early childhood promotes language development (O'Farrelly et al., 2018; Sénéchal and Young, 2008). Yet, families with low social economic status (SES) might provide less stimulating environment for language development to their children, as compared to families with high SES, as they have sparser access to books and engage less frequently in shared reading interactions (Kelly et al., 2011, Melhuish et al., 2008). For instance, it has been estimated, that by the age of 4 years, toddlers from low SES families have heard about 30 million less words than peers from higher SES families (Hart and Risley, 1995). The current longitudinal study aims to assess home activities and interactions that parents engage in with their 8 to 36-month-old infants during the period of coronavirus lockdown in the UK, and to examine their role in early vocabulary development of British infants across families varying in SES-background. This is part of a collaborative multilab project, based on the initiative of the Department of Psychology at the University of Oslo.

A repository of information for the NICE CROWD project, during the 2021 - 2022 term, led by PIs Erica Szkody, Cliff McKinney, and NICE Chair Cory J. Cascalheira.

The current study seeks to answer three questions: (1) among adolescents, which individual differences (including differences in cognitive ability) are associated with BMI and the likelihood of being overweight/obese above and beyond the effect of parental SES, (2) what is the effect of parental SES on adolescent BMI and likelihood of being overweight/obese above and beyond individual differences in temperament and cognitive ability, and (3) to what extent does the relationship of individual differences to adolescent BMI and obesity depend on one's parent's SES?

Trait and episodic schadenfreude for high and low SES targets among low and high SES participants

Examining the mediational of perceived lack of meaningful role in society (PLOMRIS) between socioeconomic status and social capital, and political orientation, metal health, and self-efficacy.

This research is part of an undergraduate research project at the University of Oxford, and the undergraduate student researcher will be analyzing the data as part of a research project for their degree.

This is a study we are conducting to fulfill the requirements for the research methods class at Marian University. In addition to attempting to replicate the original findings, we are extending this research by investigating whether mindset (fixed vs. growth) impacts the efficacy of emotion regulation strategies like cognitive reappraisal.

This is an observational study examining relations between self-reported and observed maternal sensitivity, SES, and cultural values, within the southeast Asian country, Singapore. The examination makes use of data being collected as part of a larger cross sequential cohort, BE POSITIVE, that aims to perform relevant measures with mothers and their 5-8 month old infants. Initial analyses will be conducted with the first 90 cases (as part of an Honour’s thesis) with remaining analyses conducted after the first wave of 5-8 month olds have been assessed and coded by trained observers. Following the scoring of all 5-8 month olds in the study, data will be collapsed in the larger sample using similar statistical approaches as described within this pre-registration.

This project conceptualized health behaviors as a network and applied network analysis on 37 frequency reports of health behaviors.

Poster for the Seventh Annual Summer Neurolinguistics School (Moscow, Russia)

Former studies clearly reveal differences between SES strata in adolescent social competence and behavioral control. In 5 of the 6 large Dutch developmental cohorts investigated here, lower SES adolescents are underrepresented and higher SES adolescents overrepresented. Using a raking procedure, we used national census statistics to weight the cohorts to be more representative of the Dutch population. Contrary to our expectations, in all cohorts, little to no differences between SES strata were found in the two outcomes. Accordingly, no differences between weighted and unweighted mean scores were observed across all cohorts. Furthermore, no clear change in correlations between social competence and behavioral control was found. These findings are most probably explained by the fact that measures of SES in the samples were quite limited, and the low SES participants in the cohorts could not be considered as representative of the low SES groups in the general population. This could also explain the lack of differences in outcomes between SES strata in the cohorts. Hence, developmental outcomes associated with SES may be affected by a raking procedure in cohorts with a sufficient number and sufficient variation of low SES adolescents.

Complementing internalizing and externalizing developmental outcomes of parental psychological control, in this study, we shift the focus to children’s prosocial behaviors. Drawing on self-determination theory and problem-behavior theory, this study addresses the relationship between parental psychological control, social anxiety, socioeconomic status (SES), and children’s prosocial behavior. The parental psychological control scale, social anxiety scale for children, and prosocial behavior were applied in the study. Participants were 1202 elementary school-age children in China. The present study showed that parental psychological control was negatively associated with prosocial behavior and social anxiety played a partial mediating role between parental psychological control and prosocial behavior. Meanwhile, SES moderated the relationship between parental psychological control and prosocial behavior. The effect of parental psychological control on prosocial behavior was more significant among students with low levels of SES than the higher ones. The findings showed that parenting plays an essential role in the development of children’s prosociality.

Dishonesty is an interpersonal process that relies on sophisticated socio-cognitive mechanisms embedded in a complex network of individual and contextual factors. The present study examined parental rearing practices, bilingualism, socioeconomic status, and children’s interpretive diversity understanding (i.e., the ability to understand the constructive nature of the human mind) in relation to their cheating and lie-telling behavior. 196 school-age children (9–11 years old) participated in a novel trivia game-like temptation resistance paradigm to elicit dishonesty and to verify their interpretive diversity understanding. Results revealed that children’s decision to cheat and lie was positively associated with their understanding of the constructive nature of the human mind and with parental rejection. Children with rejective parents were more likely to lie compared to their counterparts. This may suggest that understanding social interactions and the relationship with caregivers can impact children’s cheating behavior and the extent to which they are willing to deceive about it. Understanding the constructive nature of the mind was also a positive predictor of children’s ability to maintain their lies. Finally, being bilingual and having a higher socioeconomic status positively predicted children’s deception, these intriguing results warranting further research into the complex network of deception influences.

In the wake of the Great Recession and the economic fallout of the global COVID-19 pandemic, scholars increasingly recognize that an individual's socioeconomic status (SES) can alter how one thinks, feels, or behaves within organizations. Despite the growing interest in the micro-level effects of SES, most people are less concerned with socioeconomic status and are more interested in socioeconomic mobility. That is, what seems to matter more is whether individuals believe that they can climb the social ladder through effort and hard work. Unfortunately, organizational scholars' understanding of the psychological effects of changes in one's SES over their lifespan is still in its infancy and, perhaps more importantly, some of the initial findings are grounded in competing perspectives (i.e., imprinting, assimilation, and acculturation). Given the fragmented nature of the current literature, the purpose of this paper is to test these competing perspectives and examine the effects of inter-generational socioeconomic mobility on a person’s psychology.

In this systematic review, we examine the combined social-ecological-economic outcomes from introducing legumes into an agri-food system to sustainably intensify agricultural production. We identify all reported environmental outcomes and human well-being outcomes from research cases where legumes were introduced through either intercropping or rotational cropping, and explore the contexts under which win-win social-ecological outcomes are realised. We do so through a review of the scientific literature that simultaneously assesses both environmental outcomes (for biodiversity and ecosystem services) and well-being outcomes (economic and non-economic) associated with legume-diversified agricultural intensification. Simultaneous analysis of social-ecological outcomes enables us to visualise the relationship between ecological processes and human well-being, providing an advantage over disconnected analysis of isolated ecological or socio-economic aspects.

We aimed to identify subgroups of young children with differential risks for ADHD, and cross-validate these subgroups with an independent sample of children. All children in Study 1 (N = 120) underwent psychological assessments and were diagnosed with ADHD before age 7. Latent class analysis (LCA) classified children into risk subgroups. Study 2 (N = 168) included an independent sample of children under age 7. A predictive model from Study 1 was applied to Study 2. The latent class analyses in Study 1 indicated preference of a 3-class solution (BIC = 3807.70, p < 0.001). Maternal education, income-to-needs ratio, and family history of psychopathology, defined class membership more strongly than child factors. An almost identical LCA structure from Study 1 was replicated in Study 2 (BIC = 5108.01, p < 0.001). Indices of sensitivity (0.913, 95% C.I. 0.814–0.964) and specificity (0.788, 95% C.I. 0.692–0.861) were high across studies. It is concluded that the classifications represent valid combinations of child, parent, and family characteristics that are predictive of ADHD in young children.

Objectives Cardiovascular health (CVH) is associated with reductions in age-related disease and later-life mortality. Black adults, particularly Black women, are less likely to achieve ideal CVH. Guided by intersectionality and life-course approaches, we examine to what degree (a) disparities in CVH exist at the intersection of race and gender and (b) CVH disparities would be reduced if marginalized groups had the same levels of resources and adversities as privileged groups. Methods We used biomarker subsamples from the Midlife in the United States Core and Refresher studies (N = 1,948). Causal decomposition analysis was implemented to test hypothetical interventions to equalize the distribution of early-life adversities (ELAs), perceived discrimination, or midlife socioeconomic status (SES) between marginalized and privileged groups. We conducted sensitivity analyses to determine to what degree unmeasured confounders would invalidate our findings. Results White women have the highest CVH score, followed by White men, Black men, and Black women. Intervening on ELAs would reduce the disparities: White men versus Black women (30% reduction) and White women versus Black women (15%). Intervening on perceived discrimination would not substantially change initial disparities. Intervening on midlife SES would yield large disparity reductions: White men versus Black men (64%), White men versus Black women (60%), and White women versus Black women (27%). These reductions are robust to unmeasured confounders. Discussion Providing economic security in adulthood for Blacks may help reduce racial disparities in CVH. Preventing exposure to ELAs among Black women may reduce their vulnerability to cardiovascular disease, compared to White adults.

Efforts to involve consumers in the transition towards sustainable diets often presume a degree of reflexivity on the concepts of health and sustainability in the minds of consumers ‘doing healthy and sustainable food’. Departing from the hypothesis that people with type 2 diabetes have been confronted with a physical health issue which has spurred some reflexivity around food consumption, we study how this reflexivity subsequently relates to sustainability in food practices, through the process of de- and reroutinization of mundane food practices. We take a practice-theoretical approach to compare and contrast reflexivity and performance in food practices, combining in-depth interviews with observations during food shopping and cooking. Our findings illustrate a diversity in the extent to which food practices are disrupted after being diagnosed with diabetes. We conclude that reflexivity is not necessarily inspired only by being diagnosed with a major health issue, but that there are more factors determining whether or not lifestyle changes actually take place, such as experiencing bodily discomforts and broader societal attention to lifestyle change. In terms of sustainability, positive environmental effects could be identified ‘piggybacking’ onto changes in practices that were performed towards a healthier diet, such as diversifying protein intake and eating less processed foods.

Pengolahan dan pengelolaan sampah plastik harus dilakukan melalui penerapan keberlanjutan lingkungan yang mampu mengintegrasikan pengelolaan berbasis ekologi dan mempertimbangkan dinamika sosial dan ekonomi yang dikenal dengan Socio-Ecological System (SES). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kelayakan ekonomi pengelolaan sampah plastik rumah tangga menggunakan Trichoderma sp.. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi pengelolaan sampah plastik yang ada di masyarakat dan pengolahan data sekunder hasil penelitian lapangan pengolahan sampah plastik dengan Trichoderma sp. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menerapkan analisis ekonomi menggunakan analisis Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR). Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi didapati 1,29 nilai BCR untuk pengolahan sampah plastik dengan menggunakan Trichoderma sp

Son iki asırdır sinema ve müzik sektörü din ve dini değerler üzerinde genel anlamda olumsuz bir etkibırakmıştır. Gerek Batı dünyasında gerekse ülkemizde ana akım sinema ve müzik sektörünün, kitlelerin din ileilişkileri konusunda genel olarak yıkıcı etkileri olmuştur. Kitleleri yönlendirme konusunda büyük bir etkiyesahip olan ve kapitalist dünyada, kültür endüstrisinin kitleleri manipüle etmek amacıyla fütursuzca kullandığımedya ve diğer iletişim teknolojilerinin kullanımı konusunda Müslümanlar, uzun süre sadece tüketicikonumunda kalmışlardır. Bunun da İslam dünyasındaki tesirleri çok boyutlu ve derinden olmuştur. Bunaalternatif olarak Müslümanların ürettikleri az sayıdaki sinema filmlerinin her ne kadar çarpıcı etkileri olmuşsa daİslam dünyası Batının bu konudaki tahrip edici tesirlerine maruz kalmaya devam etmektedir.Bu çalışmada, dini davette medya ve musikinin rolü ile ulusların kendi kültürlerini baskın hale getirmek vekitleleri olumlu veya olumsuz anlamda etkilemek amacıyla medya ve musiki bir araç olarak nasıl kullanıldığıkonusu üzerinde durulacaktır. For the last two centuries, the cinema and music industries had a general negative impact on religion and religious values. The mainstream cinema and music industries, both in the West and in Turkey, generally had devastating effects on the relations between the masses and religion. On the use of media and other communication technologies, which have a great impact on mass manipulation in capitalist countries, Muslims have remained solely as consumers for a long time. The effects of this development have been multidimensional and profound on the world of Islam. Although the few movies produced by Muslims as an alternative had significant effects, the exposure of the world of Islam continues to the devastating effects of the West. The present study was conducted on the role of media and music in invitation to religion and how nations use the media and music as a means to cultural domination and influence the masses positively and negatively through these means.

The control of visual attention is key to learning and has a foundational role in the development of self-regulated behavior. Basic attention control skills emerge early in life and show a protracted development along childhood. Prior research suggests that attentional development is influenced by environmental factors in early and late childhood. Although, much less information is available about the impact of the early environment on emerging endogenous attention skills during infancy. In the current study we aimed to test the impact of parental socioeconomic status (SES) and home environment (chaos) in the emerging control of orienting in a sample of typically-developing infants. A group of 142 (73 female) 6-month-old infants were longitudinally tested at 6, 9 (n = 122; 60 female) and 16–18 (n = 91; 50 female) months of age using the gap-overlap paradigm. Median saccade latency (mdSL) and disengagement failure (DF) were computed as dependent variables for both overlap and gap conditions. Also, composite scores for a Disengagement Cost Index (DCI) and Disengagement Failure Index (DFI) were computed considering mdSL and DF of each condition, respectively. Families reported SES and chaos in the first and last follow-up sessions. Using Linear Mixed Models with Maximum Likelihood estimation (ML) we found a longitudinal decrease in mdSL in the gap but not in the overlap condition, while DF decreased with age independently of the experimental condition. Concerning early environmental factors, an SES index, parental occupation and chaos at 6 months were found to show a negative correlation with DFI at 16–18 months, although in the former case it was only marginally significant. Hierarchical regression models implementing ML showed that both SES and chaos at 6 months significantly predicted a lower DFI at 16–18 months. Results show a longitudinal progression of endogenous orienting between infancy and toddlerhood. With age, an increased endogenous control of orienting is displayed in contexts where visual disengagement is facilitated. Visual orienting involving attention disengagement in contexts of visual competition do not show changes with age. Moreover, these attentional mechanisms of endogenous control seem to be modulated by early experiences of the individual with the environment.