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Shailendra Kumar Singh,1 Rina Singh,1 Santosh Kumar Singh,2 Mir Asif Iquebal,3 Sarika Jaiswal,3 Pradeep Kumar Rai4 1Department of Endocrine, Endocrine Clinic, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India; 2Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine Center, Patna, Bihar, India; 3Division of Agriculture Bioinformatics, ICAR-IASRI, New Delhi, India; 4Department of Nephrology, Opal Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaCorrespondence: Shailendra Kumar Singh, Department of Endocrine, Endocrine Clinic, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, Email reenavns@gmail.comIntroduction: Prevalence of obesity is high in diabetes mellitus (DM) and is associated with hyperuricemia (HU), hypertension, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia. In obesity, elevated serum uric acid (SUA) has been shown to be associated in many studies from different countries, but data from India are lacking. The aim of the present study is to know the prevalence of obesity and to know the relationship between obesity and SUA in newly onset DM.Methods: In this cross-sectional study from India, 402 consecutive newly onset diabetic patients (male: 284; female: 118) were enrolled. All patients were grouped into four based on BMI (body mass index): underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5– 23 kg/m2), overweight (> 23-27.5 kg/m2), and obese (> 27.5 kg/m2). All participants were grouped into four quartiles based on SUA (Q1: < 4.23; Q2: ≥ 4.24– 5.19; Q3: ≥ 5.20– 6.16; Q4: > 6.16).Results: The mean age, BMI and SUA of the participants were 46.20± 0.52 years, 26.35± 0.21 kg/m2 and 5.24± 0.007 mg/dl, respectively. Overall prevalence of generalized obesity, central obesity and hyperuricemia (HU) were 35.07%, 85.82% and 13.43%, respectively. The prevalence of generalized obesity increased across the SUA quartile. A multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that serum uric acid level was independently associated with generalized obesity (p< 0.001).Conclusion: This first report from India shows a significant positive association between SUA and generalized obesity among newly onset DM. Therefore, routine estimation of SUA is recommended in newly onset DM to prevent and treat HU and its related complications.Keywords: newly onset, diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia, obesity, association

Replacement of missing mandibular central incisor is difficult challenge in esthetic dentistry. Resin bonded bridges or maryland bridges can be considered as a treatment of choice in such conditions, which restore the oral function and esthetic of the patient. Maryland bridge preparation requires minimal preparation of the tooth and the bridge can be attached to the periodontally sound adjacent teeth.The combined use of polyethylene fibre and resin composite help achieve durable and functional result.This case report describes the case of esthetic restoration of a young women with midline spacing of mandibular anterior teeth.

To examine & assess how varied InterligTM glass fibre placement & orientation affect fracture resistance of large class II cavities in maxillary premolars -An In Vitro study. Class II (MOD) cavities were organized with uniform dimensions on 50 extracted human maxillary premolars, and samples were erratically distributed into 5 groups (n = 10 each) as follows: Group I contains composite materials; Group II contains composite + horizontal Interlig placement on the gingival & pulpal floors; Group III contains composite + horizontal Interlig placement only on the pulpal floors; Group IV contains composite + vertical Interlig placement on the gingival & pulpal floors; and Group V contains composite + Interlig chips. Fracture resistance of all samples was tested using universal testing machine following restorations and the thermocycling process. Under a stereomicroscope, the fracture modes were examined. One-way ANOVA & Tukey test were used to analyse data, with significance values of P 0.05. The fracture strength of control group was 736.8640 N while it was 1233.4480 N for group 2, 1223.2260 N for group 3, 1185.0440 N for group 4 and 797.5600 N for group 5. Fracture strength of group 5 was more than other groups except for group 1, there was no statistically substantial modifications. Fortification of composite with fiber does upsurge fracture resistance of wide Class II mesio-occluso-distal premolars cavities significantly.

The present numerical work reports the application of jets for modulating and eradicating the recirculation zone in the wake region behind a fully submerged two-dimensional square cross-section bluff body for high Reynolds number flow. The wake region of the bluff body is characterized by a strong recirculation zone and vortex shedding, leading to unwanted vortex-induced vibrations that may instigate structural damage. Jets of varying Reynolds number and center-to-center distance are explored to look into the most effective jet Reynolds number and jet spread in completely modulating the recirculation region. The numerical simulation is based on a two-phase volume-of-fluid model with open channel boundary conditions. The standard k-ω SST two-equation turbulence model is applied to close the time-averaged-momentum and continuity equations. The negative mean streamwise velocity signifies the recirculation region, and streamline contour plots are made to identify it. The variation in discharge velocity of the jet series is carried out for reallocation or complete disappearance of the recirculation region.

Background: Cocos nucifera Linn. belongs to the Arecaceae family and is the only accepted species from the genus Cocos. Coconut shell is a usually discarded material from the plant source Cocos nucifera Linn. However, scientifically validated data regarding the chemical and conforming therapeutic profile of Coconut shell is not available till date. It is important to develop analytical standards of Coconut shell using pharmacognostic, phytochemical and chromatographic techniques. Materials and Methods: The present analytical study was designed to determine the organic compounds present in the active fraction of dried ripe Coconut shell and to develop drug standards using powder microscopy, quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis and TLC techniques. Results: Powder microscopy and preliminary phytochemical analysis of Cocos nucifera Linn. endocarp indicated the presence of high fibre content in the drug. Further studies revealed the test drug as a rich source of alkaloids, steroids, phenols, flavonoids and tannins. Bioactive chemical profile and analytical standards of the test drug were derived by Thin Layer Chromatographic studies as well. Conclusion: The findings of the current research work ensued in establishing the botanical and analytical standards for Coconut (Cocos nucifera Linn.) shell.

Coconut shell botanically represents the hard endocarp from the fruit of Cocos nucifera Linn. It is the usually discarded part of the plant with folklore claim in metabolic disorders.Being an inexpensive and easily availablenatural product with ethno medicinal significance, it seems highly relevant to scientifically validate the pharmaceutical implications of the drug. Till date, the new drug development strategies based on quality and efficacy parameters for the crude drug sample of Coconut shell has not been developed. The present study was intended to develop and scientifically validate the quality, purity, safety, potency and efficacy parameters of Coconut shell and thereby exploring the new drug development strategies for the drug. Materials andmethods: The study focused on the screening ofCoconut shell based on macroscopic, microscopic, organoleptic, histo-chemicaland HPTLC studies. Results:Characteristic presence of thin walled fibres, fibrosclereids,lignins and tannins were observed in themicroscopic analysis of Coconut shell. HPTLC studies also exemplifiedthe detailed bioactive chemical profile of Coconut shell.Conclusion: The study outcome suggestsCoconut shell as a novel reliable source of bioactive phytoconstituents with broad prospective in new drug development process.

Co(ll). Ni(l). Cu(l) and Zn (II) complexes of 2-(4’-amino-(5'-(nicotinyl-4-phenyl-1',2',4-triazolyl-3’- thiomethvlbenzimidazole(L1 ). 2-((5'-(nicotinyl-4-phenyl-1',2',4-triazolyl-3'- thio) methyl benzimidazole (L2 ) and 2-(5'-(nicotinoyl)- 1'3'4'-thiadiazolyl-2'-thio) methyl benzimidazole) (L3 ) have been prepared and characterized.

Considering global warming as a major constraint of yield and quality, the present study accessed the impact of terminal heat stress on wheat yield stability and grain Fe and Zn content in wheat. Twenty-three wheat genotypes of CGIAR Research Program (CRP) and two check varieties, PBW343 and HD2967 were evaluated for grain yield stability and the Fe and Zn content under heat stress conditions at terminal stage. Stability measures indicated CRP7, CRP8, CRP33, CRP46, and CRP48 to be the most stable genotypes. Grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content showed a high degree of variation. Under normal sown conditions the Fe content varied from 20.47 ppm (HD2967) to 76.07 ppm (CRP7) while the Zn content varied from 25.17 ppm (HD2967) to 65.6 ppm (CRP48). Under the stress, variation in the Fe content was observed from 10.17 ppm (PBW343) to 43.93 ppm (CRP54) whereas the Zn content variation ranged from 20.33 ppm (CRP30) to 55.13 ppm (CRP48). The overall average content of Fe was reduced by 31.98 % and Zn by 5.91% under the heat stress indicating grain Fe content to be highly vulnerable to the terminal heat stress than the Zn content.

Due to the advantages of material abundance and synthetic simplicity, polyaniline can be used as a high-capacity cathode material. However, its practical application in batteries has been hindered by poor electrochemical utilization and cycling instability. This paper reports the enhancement in the conductivity of the polymer (PAni) using the oxidation polymerization method. After successfully synthesis of PAni the vibrational properties have been analyzed by using FTIR. From experimental data, it has been observed that after doping of BaTiO3 the carriers along the surface enhanced which increases vibration along with the fingerprint reason. The polymers showed less electrical conductivity than polyaniline. Unlike polyaniline, the presence of the nitro group caused higher frequency dependence of electrical conductivity. The FTIR bands at 1492, 1291 and 1147 cm−1 are corresponding to the polyaniline salt.

Objectives: The present study was planned to delineate the blood pressure (BP) response of the lowlanders during initial 6 days of acclimatisation to high altitude. Materials and Methods: 398 normotensive sojourners at sea level ascended to HA (3,500 m). Blood pressure response of these subjects were analysed for 6 consecutive days at HA. Based on the BP response of these subjects on the 6th day at HA they were divided into two groups: HBP-high BP group and NBP- normal BP group. Results: It showed that on 6th day at HA, 51 out of 398 subjects presented with BP≥140/90 mmHg (HBP) while others remained normotensive (NBP). Comparative systolic BP of HBP and NBP groups during successive days at HA were as follows: HA day 1 (146.8 ± 13.7 mmHg vs 146.3 ± 8.8 mmHg, p>0.05), HA day 4 (144.5 ± 8.7 mmHg vs 135.0 ± 7.0 mmHg, p0.05), HA day 4 (88.9 ± 6.0 mmHg vs 85.3 ± 5.1 mmHg, p Conclusion: It was found that NBP had initially raised BP which returned to normal levels after acclimatisation period of 6 days, but in HBP, it started rising after 4th day. It can be concluded that those individuals whose BP on 6th day at HA does not return to normal after acclimatisation period needs regular follow up as these individuals can have a delayed acclimatisation normalising BP later on or can become hypertensive subsequently.

Sulfasalazine has been widely used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. This study aims to assess persistence with sulfasalazine and also frequency and severity of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) encountered with this very well-established disease-modifying anti-rheumatoid drug.This retrospective study was done in 1,114 patients from medicine and rheumatology outpatient departments of six centers across India. The inclusion criteria was patients taking sulfasalazine. Patients receiving sulfasalazine for rheumatoid arthritis or spondyloarthritis were selected and details on drugs used, duration of taking sulfasalazine, ADRs to sulfasalazine and whether sulfasalazine had to be stopped due to ADRs were analyzed.Of the total of patients included in the study, 10.1% had ADRs with sulfasalazine, and stopped the drug. Gastritis, deranged liver enzymes, hepatitis, skin rashes were the most commonly encountered ADRs. Of the total number of patients recruited for the study, 11% were lost to follow-up, as most of the centers were army hospitals and the officers and staff were posted to other places. Sulfasalazine was taken for less than 1 month by 3.8% patients while 12.5% had taken the drug for less than 6 months. Of the study patients, 28.6% had taken the drug for 24 - 60 months and 4.6% (51 patients) had taken it for more than 5 years. It was found that ADRs were most commonly encountered within the first year of using the drug, and persistence was seen in patients on long-term therapy.Sulfasalazine is a safe option in chronic therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. Although frequency of ADRs with patients taking sulfasalazine is minimal, it did necessitate the stoppage of drug. If not well tolerated, sulfasalazine would not have been continued for more than 12 months as evidenced from this study.

Background: The extraction of Moringa concanensis (Nimmo leaf) was done in ethanol using Soxhlet and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) techniques to obtain bioactive compounds. Method: The standard techniques were used to carry out phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract. The analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, tannins, and saponins, and also the absence of anthraquinones. Moreover, the extract was evaluated for antioxidant activities using DPPH and ABTS assays. The IC50 value of the extract was also determined. Result: A clear correlation between the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of the leaf extracts was obtained. Conclusion: Conclusion: This study suggests that a high amount of phenolic compounds could be obtained from Moringa concanensis (Nimmo leaf) by using the microwave-assisted extraction technique, which may be responsible for its antioxidant activity.

Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children has become the first hospital in India to achieve the accreditation from the American Accreditation Commission International (AACI). Based on an Organization Wide Survey, the hospital was recommended for full accreditation status by AACI. Besides setting clear objectives, employee empowerment and ownership of processes were key factors for this accomplishment.

The use of Smart phones has come veritably popular around the globe in this digital period and in recent days its stoner’s number has increased at indefinite position, as everyone rush to explore the digital world. The people are switching towards Smart phones in order to pierce numerous operations similar as fiscal, business, educational and social etc. Thus these bias are the main target of hackers, still on the other hand the Smart phone manufacturers are trying to design stylish security model to overcome all vulnerabilities. Then we bandy the Android Security armature and possible attacks to android OS and also punctuate the pitfalls which are associated with this particular bias. This paper describes the vulnerabilities plant in Android grounded Smart phones and also describes the attacks like honour escalation, sequestration attack and other pitfalls which are associated with these particular bias. In last section we bandy the possible countermeasure against the attacks and pitfalls due to that, the Android Smart phones come vulnerable. Keywords: Vulnerability, Threat, Hacking.

The turbulent flow characteristics over bed-mounted three different cubical shape bluff bodies are examined experimentally in the water channel facility. The steady and fluctuating flow fields are investigated to analyze the effect of corner radius and shapes of the bluff body on turbulent flow structure, particularly in the wake region. It is found that the sharp corner region significantly impacts the flow separation and alters the characteristics of the shear-layer flow. In particular, the relatively suitable change in geometry resulted in a remarkable variation of the mean flow in the wake is observed. The anisotropic nature of flow is analyzed using the turbulence triangle for the different cubical structures. The variation of the turbulent length scales is presented in the near- and far-wake regions of the submerged obstacles.

Fungal endophytes are a group of fungi that reside in plant tissues and show a symbiotic relationship with the host plants. They protect against pathogens and increase food availability without causing any harmful effects on the host plant. Fungal endophytes are known to produce a wide range of bioactive compounds with several biological activities, including neuroprotective effects. Neurodegenerative disorders lead to miscommunication between nerve cells, damage or loss in structure and function of the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS). Reactive oxygen species, neuroinflammation, protein degradation or aggregation, familial history, mutation in mitochondrial genes, and aging contribute to neurodegenerative disorders. Plant-associated fungal endophytes produce bioactive compounds, which show anti-neuroinflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cholinesterase activities. Several pro-inflammatory (TNF-α and NF-κB) and depressant (serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline) molecules or neuronal signaling pathways leading to neurodegenerative disorders are known to be inhibited or down-regulated by fungal endophyte-derived bioactive compounds. Therefore, bioactive compounds produced from fungal endophytes could be a promising approach to treating various healthailments. The present chapter discusses selected fungal endophyte-derived potential bioactive compounds with neuroprotective effects for managing neurodegenerative disorders.

In the basis where charged lepton mass matrix is real and diagonal, we havefound conditions under which there are no Majorana phases in neutrino massmatrix. An important feature of the condition is that it has been formulatedin terms of modulus of the elements of neutrino mass matrix independent ofphases. If these conditions are satisfied, a CKM type matrix is enough tomake neutrino Majorana mass matrix real and diagonal without any need ofMajorana phases. As an application, we explore the possibility of Majoranaphases in all phenomenologically acceptable neutrino mass matrices with twotexture zeros.

Background Osteoarthritis of knee develops after induction of cytokine and enzyme mediated damage to the articular cartilage. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) has been found to have high concentrations of growth factors which serve to promote local angiogenesis, modulate inflammation, inhibit catabolic enzymes and cytokines. Methods Total of 76 patients (100 knees) of OA Knee were studied. Functional outcome were analyzed after giving 3 doses of PRP one month apart, on the basis of VAS, Lequesne Index and WOMAC Score. At first visit patients were analyzed with WOMAC score, VAS Score, K-L grading and Lequesne Index. At second visit after one month, they were checked for WOMAC and VAS score. On third visit after 8 weeks, we checked for WOMAC score VAS score and. After receiving 3 injections one month apart, patients were called after 6 months for clinical evaluations through WOMAC, VAS, and Lequesne Index. Results It was found that there was significant change of WOMAC Score pre-injection (56.175) to post-Injection follow-up at 6 months (38.581). The VAS Score changed significantly from 6.76 pre-injection to 2.15 at 6-month follow- up. The Lequesne Index changed significantly form pre-injection 7.20 ± 0.789 to 4.60 ± 0.966 at 6 months and results were significant in both KL grade 2 as well as KL Grade 3. Conclusions 6 months follow up of 3 doses of PRP injection has been shown to yield promising results in terms of pain and functional outcomes in mild to moderate grade of OA Knee.

This current study explores the effect of mass bathing during the occasion of Kumbh in Prayagraj on Ganga Basin River water quality by Spatial and Temporal Analysis. Due to the nature of pollution entering the river during this event, the following 7 different sampling sites were selected Sobatiyabagh(s-1), Daraganj(s-2), Gaughat(s-3), Sangam(s-4), Arail Kachar(s-5), Arail Uphar(s-6), Chhatnag(s-7). Kumbh Mela was held from 14 Jan-2022 to 1st March-2022. Water samples were collected during the monthly intervals from December 2021-March-2022. The found values of different Physicochemical parameters like Ph, Electrical conductivity, Hardness, Dissolved Oxygen, BOD, etc., of samples were compared with permissible limits (According to WHO, BIS). The result concluded that except for BOD and hardness, all parameters are within permissible limits during Kumbh. But pre- and post-Kumbh samples results stated that chloride contents are also high in some places. However, it is clear in the present investigation that Ganga Basin water is not potable even when it is not used directly for other purposes.

Nine actinobacteria were isolated from the mangrove soil of Bhitarkanika and screened for their bioactive metabolites and antimicrobial property. Out of the nine actinobacterial isolates, the bacterial isolateBAB-7 showed positive activity towards most of the enzymesscreened,i.e., Cellulase, phosphate solubilization, L-asparaginase, protease, and amylase. The actinobacterial isolate BAB-7 also exhibited antimicrobial activity against K. pneumoniae, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, P. aeruginosa,E. coli, S. typhimurium, and S. salivarius. Based on biochemical characterization, the actinobacterial isolate BAB-7 was identified asSteptomcessp.The secondary metabolites produced by the bacterial strain were analyzed through GC-mass spectroscopy and found to besimilar to the peaks of2-cyclohex-3-en-1-yl-2-oxoacetic acid derivative (ketomycin).

This current study explores the effect of mass bathing during the occasion of Kumbh in Prayagraj on Ganga Basin River water quality by Spatial and Temporal Analysis. Due to the nature of pollution entering the river during this event, the following 7 different sampling sites were selected Sobatiyabagh(s-1), Daraganj(s-2), Gaughat(s-3), Sangam(s-4), Arail Kachar(s-5), Arail Uphar(s-6), Chhatnag(s-7). Kumbh Mela was held from 14 Jan-2022 to 1st March-2022. Water samples were collected during the monthly intervals from December 2021-March-2022. The found values of different Physicochemical parameters like Ph, Electrical conductivity, Hardness, Dissolved Oxygen, BOD, etc., of samples were compared with permissible limits (According to WHO, BIS). The result concluded that except for BOD and hardness, all parameters are within permissible limits during Kumbh. But pre- and post-Kumbh samples results stated that chloride contents are also high in some places. However, it is clear in the present investigation that Ganga Basin water is not potable even when it is not used directly for other purposes.

Intensive cropping system with imbalance use of fertilizers are responsible for declining soil health, underground water table, declining land and water productivity, emergence of new micronutrient deficiencies, new weed flora, and resistance to herbicides especially in emerging countries. This is further intensified when micronutrients particularly zinc (Zn), which is essential for human health, particularly in developing countries. Zn biofortification is a strategy for improving the intrinsic Zn content of the edible portion of plants via application of Zn-enriched fertilizers to soil or by foliar application at a predetermined stage and a proper dose. The most common cereal in the human diet is wheat, which make it most suitable targets for agronomic biofortification. The concentration of Zn in wheat grain is genotype-dependent and interacts with the environment, causing variation in micronutrient concentrations. Given Zn's importance in cereal-based nutrition, zinc biofortification seems to to be an innovative technology for alleviating zinc deficiency in human health, particularly on the Indian subcontinent, by applying Zn as a foliar or soil application.

In India, zinc is considered as the fourth important yield limiting nutrient after nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and it is essential for increasing crop production and enhancing animal and human health. To address these challenges, zinc fertilizations (basal & foliar) are practised for enhancing the soil health and crop productivity. The two years (2020-21 & 2021-22) on farm trial established at farmers field of district Saran, Bihar with the aim to compare the methods of zinc fertilization on plant available nutrients and crop productivity. An on farm trial was laid out in randomised block design involved seven replication of three different treatments viz., T1: NPK- 130:40:20 kg ha-1 (Farmer’s Practice), T2: RDF (NPK-120:60:40 kg ha-1 + Zn @ 5.0 kg ha-1 and T3: RDF (NPK-120:60:40 kg ha-1) + foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 25 DAT. The pooled results of two years trial revealed that basal application of RDF-NPK and Zn (T2) significantly improved the soil organic carbon by 16.22%, plant available N by 11.96%, plant available P by 15.32%, plant available K by 10.99% and plant available Zn by 24.00% as compared to farmers practice. The crop productivity was also improved by 24.22% and 14.43% in treatment having basal application of Zn (T2) and foliar application of Zn (T3), respectively over farmers practice (T1). A positive polynomial relationship was obtained between soil organic carbon and plant available zinc due to soluble complexes form by zinc with soil organic matter. Thus, the basal fertilization method of zinc @ 5.0 kg ha-1 along with RDF-NPK is potentially recommended over foliar method and farmer practices to semi arid region of Bihar.

Endophytes either be bacteria, fungi, or actinomycetes colonize inside the tissue of host plants without showing any immediate negative effects on them. Among numerous natural alternative sources, fungal endophytes produce a wide range of structurally diverse bioactive metabolites including anticancer compounds. Considering the production of bioactive compounds in low quantity, genetic and physicochemical modification of the fungal endophytes is performed for the enhanced production of bioactive compounds. Presently, for the treatment of cancer, chemotherapy is majorly used, but the side effects of chemotherapy are of prime concern in clinical practices. Also, the drug-resistant properties of carcinoma cells, lack of cancer cells-specific medicine, and the side effects of drugs are the biggest obstacles in cancer treatment. The interminable requirement of potential drugs has encouraged researchers to seek alternatives to find novel bioactive compounds, and fungal endophytes seem to be a probable target for the discovery of anticancer drugs. The present review focuses a comprehensive literature on the major fungal endophyte-derived bioactive compounds which are presently been used for the management of cancer, biotic factors influencing the production of bioactive compounds and about the challenges in the field of fungal endophyte research.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the functional outcome of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) substituting primary knee arthroplasty with primary knee arthroplasty using ultra-congruent (UC) tibial articular insert after complete release of PCL. The study aimed to compare the stability of the knee joint after PCL sacrifice for degenerative arthritis of the knee. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double blind, and single-center study. After approval by the Institutional Ethical Committee, 80 patients, 40 in each group (UC and posterior stabilized [PS]) of either sex, aged between 60 and 80 years and willing to participate in the study were included in the study. Patients underwent primary knee arthroplasty with either UC or PS implants using simple random sampling method. Each patient was followed up at 6 months, 1 year and between 5 and 7 years postoperatively and the functional results were assessed using Modified Knee Society Score (Insall modification -1993). Results: Around 73% of the patients were women and the average age was 67 years in line with the known literature confirming increased incidence of osteoarthritis requiring total knee arthroplasty in women and older individuals. There was a significant relief in pain and improvement in stair climbing ability after surgery. There was a reduction in flexion contractures, medial/lateral instability, and anterior posterior instability postoperatively. The improvement in range of motion was significantly in the UC group as compared to PS group. Similarly, the total score was significantly higher in the UC group as compared to PS. Conclusion: If functional outcomes are taken into consideration, UC prosthesis is better than the PS prosthesis. Further randomized and double-blinded clinical trials with larger sample size and longer duration follow-up need to be conducted to validate the findings.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the duration of onset and regression time of sensory and motor blocks, the quality of anesthesia, and post-operative analgesia by the addition of dexmedetomidine to local anesthetic solution in intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) in upper extremity orthopedic surgeries. Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, and double blind clinical trial. Ninety American Society of Anaesthesiologists Grade I and II patients of either gender between 18 and 60 years of age scheduled for elective upper extremity orthopedic surgeries lasting for

Bacteria with increase antibiotics resistant caused serious health treat worldwide. Regular surveillance of resistance spectra and clonal relationship of infectious bacteria are important for appropriate use of antibiotics. In this study, we investigated the antibiotic resistant pattern and clonal relationship of Enterobacter spp isolated from different clinical samples of a tertiary care hospital of Odisha, India. The results of this study indicated the presence of multidrug resistant Enterobacter spp with multiple β-lactamases production. The phylogenetic tree showed three unique clusters of ERIC within the nineteen Enterobacter spp. isolates.

In vitro mass propagation has been regarded as a significant technique formass propagation of plantlets in a short period and utilization of cell suspension cultures for metabolite generation. It has helped in biodiversity conservation of many endemic plants since it provides a way for the utilization of plant germplasm withoutdestroying natural habitats. Trichodesma indicumis one of the most significant medicinal herbs and desired for many formulations in the medical sector. Its overexploitation from natural habitats may be a threat to its diversity. The authors have proposedan optimized protocol for plantlet generation with greater viability potential and could be used to mass propagate plants in a short period. It was evident from the study that variable combinations of plant growth regulators and sucrose were able to alterthe multiplication potential of axillary buds and it could be enhanced with the proper combination.©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved.

This study was performed with a motive of assessing the impacts of replacement natural aggregates (NAs) with the recycled demolition was aggregates (rDWAs) and addition of steel fibers on the durability properties of fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete (FRSCC). In this regard, coefficient of permeability (CoP), as a proxy of water permeability (WP), sorptivity (SoP) and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) were estimated for different FRSCC samples. Further, optimization was performed using central composite design (CCD) in combination with response surface methodology (RSM). It was revealed that at optimized conditions i.e., rDWAS = 0.85 and SF = 0.22, the CoP, SoP and UPV of FRSCC were 46.73 × 10-12 m/s, 0.0155 cm/s1/2 and 4430 m/s, respectively. Therefore, the findings of this study made it evident that NAs can be replaced with rDWAs in the FRSCC and assist in waste management.

A novel synthetic approach for lipid modification of mannitol for hydrogelation, cosmetic and food application.

Replacement of natural aggregates (NAs) with recycled aggregates has been identified as a promising way of managing the waste associated with civil engineering. Therefore, the objectives of this study are also oriented towards managing the demolition waste in self compacting concrete (SCC). Efforts were made to estimate the impacts of replacing the NAs with the recycled-demolition waste aggregates (rDWAs) and addition of steel fibers (SFs) on the compressive strength (CS), split tensile strength (STS) and flexural strength (FS) of M30 grade fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (FRSCC). A novel approach of central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to design the experiments. The three levels of process parameters i.e., % replacement of NAs with rDWAs (X1: %) and volumetric proportion of SFs (X2: %) were 25, 50 and 75 and, 0.35, 0.70 and 1.05, respectively. The findings of this study revealed that at optimized conditions i.e., X1 = 0.92 and X2 = 0.89, the values of CS, STS and FS of FRSCC improved and were observed to be 35.67 MPa, 2.56 MPa and 4.96 MPa, respectively. From the findings of this study it was made evident that the replacement of NAs with rDWAs, in FRSCC-based structures, can prove efficient in the management of construction-associated waste.

Mounting issues of resource scarcities and socio-economic development demands sustainable development in the construction sector. Architecture, Engineering and Construction industry though incohesive, but is undergoing profound transformation by adopting Green Building guidelines. With roughly 17.2% of the world’s total populace and an urban populace of 372 million (bigger than the whole US populace), India faces mammoth task. India has two programs: LEED-India and GRIHA which are in their nascent stages and need to be appraised. This study presents a brief background of Green Building evolution and an objective summary of LEED-India and GRIHA mapped to proven rating tools US-LEED and BREEAM. It also examines how structural impacts are addressed and how structural engineers, as being one of the stakeholders of Integrated Design Team, can contribute to assessments through sustainable construction. In the end, the probable criterions to be included in the GBRS for the sustainability of structure design are also discussed.