Search

24 páginas, 1 tabla, 21 figuras. Anexo (7 tablas y 1 figura), Seed morphological description is traditionally based on adjectives, which originated from the comparison with other shapes, including geometric figures. Nevertheless, descriptions based on this feature are not quantitative and measurements giving the percentage of similarity of seeds with reference figures are not available in the literature. Lateral views of Silene seeds resemble the cardioid and cardioid-derived figures. Dorsal views, nonetheless, resemble ellipses and derivatives, allowing seed shape quantification by comparison with defined geometric figures. In this work, we apply already-described models as well as new models to the morphological analysis of 51 Silene species. Our data revealed the existence of a link between lateral and dorsal models. Lateral models closed in the hilum region (models LM2 and LM4) were associated with those convex models of the dorsal seed views (DM1-DM4, DM10). Lateral models more open around the hilum region adjusted to seeds characterized as dorso canaliculata type better, i.e., to those geometric models with partial concavities in their dorsal views. The relationship between lateral and dorsal models, as well as between the models to their utility in taxonomy, is discussed., This research was funded by Project “CLU-2019-05-IRNASA/CSIC Unit of Excellence”, funded by the Junta de Castilla y León and co-financed by the European Union (ERDF “Europe drives our growth”).

Hybrid materials have been studied because in these materials the properties of organic components, such as elasticity and biodegradability, could be combined with the properties of inorganic components, such as good biological response, thereby transforming them into a single material with improved properties. In this work, Class I hybrid materials based on polyester-ureaurethanes and titania were obtained using the modified sol–gel method. This was corroborated using the FT-IR and Raman techniques which highlighted the formation of hydrogen bonds and the presence of Ti–OH groups in the hybrid materials. In addition, the mechanical and thermal properties and degradability were measured using techniques, such as Vickers hardness, TGA, DSC, and hydrolytic degradation; these properties could be tailored according to hybridization between both organic and inorganic components. The results show that Vickers hardness increased by 20% in hybrid materials as compared to polymers; also, the surface hydrophilicity increases in the hybrid materials, improving their cell viability. Furthermore, cytotoxicity in vitro test was carried out using osteoblast cells for intended biomedical applications and they showed non-cytotoxic behavior

In recent years, it has been verified that collective cell migration is a fundamental step in tumor spreading and metastatic processes. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time how low-intensity ultrasound produces long-term inhibition of collective migration of epithelial cancer cells in wound healing processes. In particular, we show how pancreatic tumor cells, PANC-1, grown as monolayers in vitro respond to these waves at frequencies close to 1 MHz and low intensities (, Project PID2021-128985OB-I00 funded by MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033/“FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa and AEI, FEDER , UE DPI 2017-90147-R and Intramural call for new research projects for clinical researchers and emerging research groups IRYCIS (2018/0240).

Protocol to obtain coordinates of the points defining a curve in a figure, adapt them for Mathematica and program to calculate curvature.

The application of seed morphology to descriptive systematics requires methods for shape analysis and quantification. The complexity of lateral and dorsal views of seeds of Silene species is investigated here by the application of the Elliptic Fourier Transform (EFT) to representative seeds of four morphological types: smooth, rugose, echinate and papillose. The silhouettes of seed images in the lateral and dorsal views are converted to trigonometric functions, whose graphical representations reproduce them with different levels of accuracy depending on the number of harmonics. A general definition of seed shape in Silene species is obtained by equations based on 40 points and 20 harmonics, while the detailed representation of individual tubercles in each seed image requires between 100 and 200 points and 60–80 harmonics depending on their number and complexity. Smooth-type seeds are accurately represented with a low number of harmonics, while rugose, echinate and papillose seeds require a higher number. Fourier equations provide information about tubercle number and distribution and allow the analysis of curvature. Further estimation of curvature values in individual tubercles reveals differences between seeds, with higher values of curvature in S. latifolia, representative of echinate seeds, and lower in S. chlorifolia with rugose seeds.

Mathematica files with Fourier analysis of seed surface and curvature in species of Silene representative of smooth, rugose, echinate and papillose seed types, points for curvature analysis and curvature analysis of individual tubercles in S. chlorifolia and S. latifolia.

The current research deals with the use of single-cell inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (scICP-MS) for the assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2 NP) and silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) associations in cell lines derived from aquaculture species (sea bass, sea bream, and clams). The optimization studies have considered the avoidance of high dissolved background, multi-cell peak coincidence, and possible spectral interferences. Optimum operating conditions were found when using a dwell time of 50 μs for silver and 100 μs for titanium. The assessment of associated TiO2 NPs by scICP-MS required the use of ammonia as a reaction gas (flow rate at 0.75 mL min−1) for interference-free titanium determinations (measurements at an m/z ratio of 131 from the 48Ti(NH)(NH3)4 adduct). The influence of other parameters such as the number of washing cycles and the cell concentration on accurate determinations by scICP-MS was also fully investigated. Cell exposure trials were performed using PVP-Ag NPs (15 and 100 nm, nominal diameter) and citrate-TiO2 NPs (5, 25, and 45 nm, nominal diameter) at nominal concentrations of 10 and 50 μg mL−1 for citrate-TiO2 NPs and 5.0 and 50 μg mL−1 for PVP-Ag NPs. Results have shown that citrate-TiO2 NPs interact with the outer cell membranes, being quite low in the number of citrate-TiO2 NPs that enters the cells (the high degree of aggregation is the main factor which leads to the aggregates being in the extracellular medium). In contrast, PVP-Ag NPs have been found to enter the cells. Graphical abstract

19 páginas, 9 figuras, 7 tablas, Seed shape in Silene species is often described by means of adjectives such as reniform, globose, and orbicular, but the application of seed shape for species classification requires quantification. A method for the description and quantification of seed shape consists in the comparison with geometric models. Geometric models based on mathematical equations were applied to characterize the general morphology of the seeds in 21 species of Silene. In addition to the previously described four models (M1 is the cardioid, and M2 to M4 are figures derived from it), we present four new geometric models (model 5–8). Models 5 and 6 are open cardioids that resemble M3, quite different from the flat models, M2 and M4. Models 7 and 8 were applied to those species not covered by models 2 to 6. Morphological measures were obtained to describe and characterize the dorsal view of the seeds. The analyses done on dorsal views revealed a notable morphological diversity and four groups were identified. A correlation was found between roundness of dorsal view and the geometric models based on lateral views, such that some of the groups defined by seed roundness are also characterized by the similarity to particular models. The usefulness of new morphological tools of seed morphology to taxonomy is discussed, Project “CLU-2019-05-IRNASA/CSIC Unit of Excellence”, funded by the Junta de Castilla y León and co-financed by the European Union (ERDF “Europe drives our growth”).

Supplementary methods and results

Seed morphology is an important source of information for plant taxonomy. Nevertheless, the characters under study are diverse, and a simple, unified method is lacking in the literature. A new method for the classification of seeds of the genus

Trabajo presentado en las IV Jornadas del Grupo de Viticultura de la SECH (Sociedad Española de Ciencias Hortícolas), celebrada en Pamplona (España), del 26 al 28 de octubre de 2022, Las variedades de vid (Vitis vinifera L.) se caracterizan por su alta heterocigosidad (variación entre sus copias genómicas de herencia materna y paterna), lo que obliga a la propagación vegetativa como única vía posible para reproducir su genotipo y sus características varietales. Sin embargo, la propagación vegetativa prolongada da lugar a la acumulación de mutaciones somáticas que en ocasiones pueden producir fenotipos de interés que son la base para la mejora mediante selección clonal. En este trabajo hemos producido ensamblajes de los genomas de Tempranillo y Garnacha. Usando los ensamblajes como referencia, pudimos identificar variación genómica responsable de caracteres de interés en clones o variantes somáticas seleccionadas de cada variedad. En Tempranillo se identificó una deleción de gran tamaño en un clon con color de baya más oscuro de lo normal, relacionada con una reducción en la acumulación de ceras en la cutícula de la baya. En Garnacha se identificaron dos patrones de deleción distintos que causan la pérdida de los genes MYB necesarios para la síntesis de antocianinas en el hollejo, que suponen dos orígenes independientes de la variedad Garnacha Blanca. Estos resultados muestran como el ensamblaje de genoma puede ayudar a conocer el origen de las características varietales y posibilitar la trazabilidad de variación genética clonal útil para la innovación intravarietal., Esta investigación ha sido financiada con fondos EU de la Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (SomaGrapeGenome 79460) y de los proyectos del Ministerio de Economía (SOMAVID, BIO2014-59324) y del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (DIGEVIDA, PID2020-120183RB-I00), así como con fondos de la ‘Max Planck Society’

Cancer modeling has been of special interest since it paves the way for easing and modulating preclinical research model conditions. 3D modeling of equivalent tumor environments is required for the development of new therapies [1]. 3D bioprinting is one of the most promising approaches to create in vitro 3D biomimetic models with relevant physiological characteristics for cancer research, however one of the main limitations of bioprinting is the lack of a consensus in the optimal conditions to be used for each specific application [2]. The development of tumor specific bioinks is one of the mayor challenges for the bioprinting of cancer models

The carrera de Indias constitutes the maritime-mercantile system that communicates Spain with his American colonies. The whole Europe takes part in this route under the jurisdiction of the Catholic Monarchy. Up to Mexico, Peru or the Carib there arrives many goods that sell for silver and other precious products. There are many economic activities that give form to this maritime route; but the base of everything is the shipping business. The contract that regulates the relations between merchants and masters of the vessels is the freightment. The present work analyzes the different clauses of the freightments of goods and defends that, in spite of Crown’s interventions, the carrera de Indias was an area of economic freedom, been ruled by the private negotiation and the institutional spontaneity of the maritime law. Key words: Economic history, shipping business, freightments, mercantilism, maritime law. JEL Classification: L260, N010, N730, N830. Resumen: La carrera de Indias constituye el sistema marítimo-mercantil que comunica a España con sus colonias americanas. Toda Europa participa en esa ruta bajo jurisdicción de la Monarquía Católica. Hasta México, Perú o el Caribe se llevan mercancías que se venden por plata y otros productos preciosos. Son muchas las actividades económicas que dan forma a esta ruta marítima; pero la base de todo es el negocio naviero. El contrato que regula las relaciones entre comerciantes y señores de naos es el fletamento. El presente trabajo analiza las diferentes cláusulas de los fletamentos de mercancía y defiende que, a pesar de la intervención de la Corona, la carrera de Indias fue un ámbito de libertad económica, regido por la negociación privada y la espontaneidad institucional propia del derecho marítimo. Palabras clave: Historia económica, negocio naviero, fletamentos, mercan-tilismo, derecho marítimo. Clasificación JEL: L260, N010, N730, N830.

AEI/FEDER UE (DPI2017-90147-R).

The appearance of zarzuela in Hungary is entirely unknown in musicology. In the present study, I discuss the currently unchartered reception of the zarzuela El rey que rabió (first performed in Spain in 1891) by Ruperto Chapí (1851-1909), a Spanish composer of over one hundred stage pieces and four string quartets. Premièred as Az unatkozó király in Budapest seven years later in 1898, Chapí’s zarzuela met with resounding success in the Hungarian press, a fervour which reverberated into the early decades of the twentieth century. Emil Szalai and Sándor Hevesi’s skilful Hungarian translation, together with Izsó Barna’s appropriate adjustments and reorchestration, accordingly catered the work to Budapest audiences. Through analysis of hand-written performance materials of Az unatkozó király (preserved in the National Széchényi Library), alongside a detailed study of the Hungarian reception, the profound interest in Spanish music–particularly in relation to musical theatre–amongst the turn-of-the-century Hungarian theatre-going public is revealed. This paper explores how Az unatkozó király became a success in Hungary.

Online Conference, March 15th 2022, Urbanization constitutes one of the major transformations of natural habitats, creating new areas characterized by multiple potential wildlife stressors. Birds that live in highly anthropogenic environments are confronted with physiological and behavioural challenges caused by these stressors. Between these factors, noise pollution could interact with avian physiology, disrupting glucocorticoid secretion or even causing oxidative damage, which could compromise individual’s health. Here, we compared the body condition, corticosterone levels, and oxidative status of three subpopulations of Tree Sparrow Passer montanus nestlings living in three different areas: a quiet rural area, a noisy rural area adjacent to Barajas airport, and a heavily urbanized area located in Madrid City. We found that rural-airport nestlings did not differ from their rural counterparts neither in body condition nor in stress levels. Indeed, they showed greater antioxidant levels. By contrast, urban nestlings were in lower condition and had lower antioxidant capacity than rural and rural-airport individuals, which may be due to the abundance and variety of pollutants in cities along with a poorer quality diet. Our results suggest that aircraft noise does not constitute a significant stressor for nestlings. However, urban conditions constitute a more challenging situation, negatively affecting different physiological systems. To disentangle the relationship between noise and its influence on wildlife is necessary to expand this type of study to more airports by replication and go for an experimental approach. Although nestlings may buffer these challenges in the short-term, further research should explore the long-term potential consequences of early exposure to these conditions.

Data for the analysis of seed shape in dorsal views of Silene species

The description of shape in

El congreso tuvo lugar del 2 al 4 de febrero de 2022 en Vigo., Indirect models of sexual selection are sustained on genetic benefits that choosy females may obtain. However, mate choice is not as symmetrical as initially thought and may explain the evolution of female sexual traits. Exploring the evolutionary architecture of female sexual traits is crucial to understand its potential evolvability, particularly in post-mating sexual signals since they can be misassigned as a by-product of female mate choice. Egg colouration has been proposed to be one of these post-mating sexual signal, honestly advertising female quality in birds, especially in blue-green laying species. In this study we used the animal model in a Bayesian framework to calculate the evolvability of multiple descriptors of blue-green egg colouration (blue-green chroma, chroma and brightness) and egg size in a wild long-term monitored population of spotless starling. Our results show high h2, 0.5 and 0.34, for the three egg colour descriptors and egg size, respectively. Since heritability is not equivalent to evolvability, we quantified the evolvability (CVA) of all components and found a low CVA suggestive of a small evolutionary potential of this phenotype, contrasting to previous results found in another blue-green egg laying species. Our results indicate a modest raw genetic material of this trait on which sexual selection can act upon and therefore a low evolvability. We speculate about the role of environmental variation on our results and the plausibility of direct models of sexual selection to explain the evolution of this trait as a post-mating sexual signal.

Objective To describe in detail an innovative program based on telemedicine for semi-automated prioritization of referrals from Primary Care (PC) to Rheumatology, for reproducibility purposes, and to present the results of the implementation study. Methods The context and situation were carefully analyzed, paying attention to all processes in place, referral numbers, waiting times, and number of complementary tests prior to discharge from Rheumatology. The composition of the team, aims, users, scope, and implementation phases were defined. Eight process indicators were established and measured before and 32 months after the program implementation. Results The program, which includes IT circuits, algorithms based on response to specific guideline-based checklists, e-consultation, and appointments based on priority, was fully implemented in our health area after a pilot study in two PC centers. After implementation, 6185 rheumatology referrals showed an e-consultation response delay of 8.95 days, and to first face-to-face visit (after e-consultation) of 12.6 (previous delay before program implementation was 83.1 days). Resolution by e-consultation reached 20% (1195 patients did not need seeing the rheumatologist to have the problem solved), and 1369 patients (32%) were discharged after the first visit. The overall resolution rate was 44.0% (2564 discharges/5830 e-consultations). From a random sample of 100 visits, only 10% of patients needed additional complementary tests to make a diagnosis and decision by Rheumatology (20.9% decrease from previous period). Conclusion A careful analysis of the situation and processes, with implementation of simple IT circuits, allows for the improvement of the efficiency and resolution of problems in Rheumatology.

Microalgae wastewater treatment systems have the potential for producing added-value products. More specifically, cyanobacteria are able to accumulate polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), which can be extracted and used for bioplastics production. Nonetheless, PHB production requires proper culture conditions and continue monitoring, challenging the state-of-the-art technologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the application of hyperspectral technologies to monitor cyanobacteria population growth and PHB production. We have established a ground-breaking measurement method able to discern spectral reflectance changes from light emitted to cyanobacteria in different phases. All in all, enabling to distinguish between cyanobacteria growth phase and PHB accumulation phase. Furthermore, first tests of classification algorithms used for machine learning and image recognition technologies had been applied to automatically recognize the different cyanobacteria species from a complex microbial community containing cyanobacteria and microalgae cultivated in pilot-scale photobioreactors (PBRs). We have defined three main indicators for monitoring PHB production: (i) cyanobacteria specific-strain density, (ii) differentiate between growth and PHB-accumulation and (iii) chlorosis progression. The results presented in this study represent an interesting alternative for traditional measurements in cyanobacteria PHB production and its application in pilot-scale PBRs. Although not directly determining the amount of PHB production, they would give insights on the undergoing processes. This research was funded by the European Union H2020 Research and Innovation program [INCOVER, GA This research was funded by the European Union H2020 Research and Innovation program [INCOVER, GA 689242] and [PROMICON, GA 101000733]. R. Díez-Montero would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for his research grant (FJCI-2016-30997). E. Rueda would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport for her grant (FPU18/04941). E. Gonzalez-Flo would like to thank the European Union-NextGenerationEU, Ministry of Universities and Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan for her research grant (2021UPF-MS-12). The dissemination of results herein reflects only the author's view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. Special thanks to Ramón Villanova, Photon Lines Óptica, S.L., for providing the Pika L camera and linear stage equipment.]

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este Trabajo Fin de Máster es el diseño de una prótesis de mano para personas que hayan sufrido una amputación de todos los dedos de la mano, conservando la articulación de la muñeca. Una de las características más importantes del proyecto es la reducción de costes, llegando a desarrollar una prótesis de bajo coste para su implementación en países en vías de desarrollo. Para la realización del presente proyecto se ha estudiado su alcance, la biomecánica de la mano atendiendo a los diferentes movimientos y articulaciones que la caracterizan, los tipos de prótesis de mano existentes, las diferentes tecnologías de fabricación aditiva y los materiales compatibles más comúnmente utilizados. Todo ello para presentar mediante un programa de CAD, previa elaboración de bocetos, una prótesis funcional, fácil de utilizar y de imprimir, económica, ligera y que cumpla las especificaciones y los requisitos establecidos. En este documento se reflejan los cálculos pertinentes para conocer la tensión del cableado del mecanismo y, por lo tanto, la fuerza que tiene que hacer el usuario para agarrar un objeto con un peso determinado. También se ha elaborado el presupuesto del proyecto y se adjuntan los planos de las piezas que componen el mecanismo. ABSTRACT: The aim of this project is the design of a prosthetic hand for people who have suffered an amputation of all the fingers of the hand, preserving the wrist joint. The project aims to reduce costs and develop an economical prosthesis to be implanted in developing countries. In order to carry out this project, we have studied its scope, the biomechanics of the hand taking into account the different movements and joints that distinguish it, the types of existing hand prosthesis, the different additive manufacturing technologies and the most commonly used compatible materials. All these steps are taken in order to present the design on a CAD program, based on previous sketches that will match the main requirements met by this project: the designing of functional, easy to use, light and economic prosthesis that meet all the standards and specifications required. This document reflects the relevant calculations to determine the tension of the wiring of the mechanism, the force that the user must exert to grasp an object with a given weight. Project cost estimations and drawings of the different parts that conform the complete mechanism are also attached. Máster en Ingeniería Industrial

O traballo ten o obxectivo de estudar o cambio lingüístico do galego falado entre o primeiro terzo do s. XX e a primeira década do s. XXI. Os materiais que se analizan están tomados de tres proxectos de documentación xeolingüística realizados en tres momentos deste intervalo: o ALPI (1934-1935), o ALGa (1974-1977) e a NEnq (2008), denominación coa que identificamos o proxecto desenvolvido especificamente para rexistrar os datos do período máis recente. A investigación enmárcase na lingüística variacionista e na análise do cambio lingüístico en tempo real. No estudo combínase a observación do cambio lingüístico en variantes correspondentes a variables fonéticas, morfolóxicas e léxicas coa análise da súa evolución ó longo de tres etapas marcadas pola datación dos materiais empregados.

Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques are becoming the approaches of choice for the construction of scaffolds in tissue engineering. However, the development of 3D printing in this field brings unique challenges, which must be accounted for in the design of experiments. The common printing process parameters must be considered as important factors in the design and quality of final 3D-printed products. In this work, we study the influence of some parameters in the design and fabrication of PCL scaffolds, such as the number and orientation of layers, but also others of &ldquo, hidden&rdquo, importance, such as the cooling down rate while printing, or the position of the starting point in each layer. These factors can have an important impact oin the final porosity and mechanical performance of the scaffolds. A pure polycaprolactone filament was used. Three different configurations were selected for the design of the internal structure of the scaffolds: a solid one with alternate layers (solid) (0&deg, 90&deg, ), a porous one with 30% infill and alternate layers (ALT) (0&deg, ) and a non-alternated configuration consisting in printing three piled layers before changing the orientation (n-ALT) (0&deg, 0&deg, ). The nozzle temperature was set to 172 &deg, C for printing and the build plate to 40 &deg, C. Strand diameters of 361 &plusmn, 26 &micro, m for room temperature cooling down and of 290 &plusmn, 30 &micro, m for forced cooling down, were obtained. A compression elastic modulus of 2.12 &plusmn, 0.31 MPa for n-ALT and 8.58 &plusmn, 0.14 MPa for ALT scaffolds were obtained. The cooling down rate has been observed as an important parameter for the final characteristics of the scaffold.

In recent years, it has been verified that collective cell migration is a fundamental step in tumor spreading and metastatic processes. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time how low-intensity ultrasound produces long-term inhibition of collective migration of epithelial cancer cells in wound healing processes. In particular, we show how pancreatic tumor cells, PANC-1, grown as monolayers in vitro respond to these waves at frequencies close to 1 MHz and low intensities (−2) for 48-72 hours of culture after ultrasound irradiation. This new strategy opens a new line of action to block the spread of malignant cells in cancer processes. Despite relevant spatial variations of the acoustic pressure amplitude induced in the assay, the cells behave as a whole, showing a collective dynamic response to acoustic performance, agreeing with the “cell jamming” effect defined before in the literature. Experiments carried out with samples without previous starving showed remarkable effects of the LICUs from the first hours of culture, more prominent than those with experiments with monolayers subjected to fasting prior to the experiments. This new strategy to control cell migration opens a new line of action in vivo to block the spread of malignant cells.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease characterised by immune cell infiltration resulting in lesions that preferentially affect periventricular areas of the brain. Despite research efforts to define the role of various immune cells in MS pathogenesis, the focus has been on a few immune cell populations while full-spectrum analysis, encompassing others such as natural killer (NK) cells, has not been performed. Here, we used single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) to profile the immune landscape of brain periventricular areas – septum and choroid plexus – and blood from MS donors and controls with and without other neurological diseases. Using a 37-marker panel, we revealed the infiltration of T cells and antibody-secreting cells in periventricular brain regions and identified a novel NK cell signature specific to MS. CD56bright NK cells accumulated in the septum of MS donors, displaying an activated and migratory phenotype that was similar to that of CD56bright NK cells in their circulation. We validated this signature by multiplex immunohistochemistry and found that NK cells with high expression of granzyme K, which is typical of the CD56bright subset, accumulated in both periventricular lesions and the choroid plexus. Together, our multi-tissue single-cell data suggests that CD56bright NK cells infiltrate the periventricular brain regions in MS patients via both the blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers and brings NK cells to the spotlight of MS pathology.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease characterised by immune cell infiltration resulting in lesions that preferentially affect periventricular areas of the brain. Despite research efforts to define the role of various immune cells in MS pathogenesis, the focus has been on a few immune cell populations while full-spectrum analysis, encompassing others such as natural killer (NK) cells, has not been performed. Here, we used single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) to profile the immune landscape of brain periventricular areas - septum and choroid plexus - and of the circulation from donors with MS, dementia and controls without neurological disease. Using a 37-marker panel, we revealed the infiltration of T cells and antibody-secreting cells in periventricular brain regions and identified a novel NK cell signature specific to MS. CD56

O emprego de datos linguisticos xeorreferenciados tomados no mesmo territorio en diferentes periodos temporais permite facer unha analise secuencial e mostrar a evolucion de determinados fenomenos no espazo e no tempo. Neste traballo empregaremos materiais recollidos no territorio administrativo de Galicia para tres proxectos diferentes: o Atlas Linguistico de la Peninsula Iberica (ALPI, 1934-1935), o Atlas Linguistico Galego (ALGa, 1974-1977) e a chamada Nova Enquisa (NEnq, 2008), desenvolvida especificamente para obter informacion mais recente que se puidese comparar cos dous proxectos anteriores. Estudaremos tres modelos de evolucion da distribucion espacial de variables lexicas: i) mantemento da distribucion dunha variante, ii) extension dunha variante galega e iii) extension dunha variante non galega. Falaremos, ademais, de variacion cuantitativa en relacion co numero de variantes recollidas en cada proxecto para unha determinada variable.

Gray and white somatic variants that can be the basis of new cultivars occasionally appear in some black-berried grapevine cultivars. Genetic and molecular studies have associated color loss with the presence of deletions at the grape color locus located on chromosome 2. This color loss occurs in heterozygous black-berried cultivars carrying a functional and a null allele. Depending on the size of the deletions, side-effects additional to the loss of pigmentation capability may appear in these variants. In this study, we developed a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based chip to evaluate, through loss of heterozygosity along chromosome 2, the extension of hemizygous deletions in grape color variants. These markers were used to characterize white and gray isolates that originated from ‘Garnacha Tinta’ and ‘Tempranillo Tinto’ collected along the Ebro valley (northeast Spain). Two deletion types were detected in ‘Garnacha Blanca’ accessions, which correlated with their geographical origin, while the diversity of deletion types was greater in ‘Tempranillo’. Comparative genomics of Garnacha variants after whole-genome re-sequencing was conducted to understand the mutational mechanisms that generate these deletions. The results show that differences between the two deletion types are likely related with genome rearrangements already appeared in different ancestral clonal lines of ‘Garnacha Tinta’. These results can be exploited for the selection of grape color variants best suited for the development of new cultivars and can help to detect rearrangement hotspots in the grapevine genome.

The objective of this study was to assess the results of applying Lean Methodology in the design of a standardized medication storage model in hospitalization departments.Descriptive and retrospective study conducted between September 2017 and January 2019 in a tertiary level hospital. The Pharmacy Service led the creation of a multidisciplinary team. Lean Methodology was used to establish the components and organization and identification criteria that made up the standardized medication storage model. The stocks of each hospitalization department were reviewed and quantified, the final amount of stock needed was agreed with the supervisor of each department, and the economic impact of the implementation of the standardized medication model was assessed. A questionnaire was designed and sent to nursing staff to determine their level of satisfaction with the new model.The standardized medication storage model was scaled up to 20 nursing departments, leading to an overall reduction of 56.72% in the number of pharmaceutical dosage forms available (5,688 vs 2,462). The number of high-risk drugs was reduced by 40.73% (631 vs 374). This elimination of wastage achieved a saving of €25,357.98. A total of 58 nurses returned the questionnaires (20.70% of the total): 22.40% worked a fixed shift and 77.60% worked a rotating shift. The mean score on overall satisfaction was 5.79 ± 3.61 (scores ranged from 1 to 10).The application of Lean Methodology is very useful for the management of medication stocks in hospitalization departments. The implementation of a standardized medication storage model leads to economic savings and a marked reduction in the number of active ingredients and high-risk medications. The nursing staff were satisfied with the implementation of the model, suggesting that we should continue to pursue this effective line of action.Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio es evaluar los resultados de la aplicación de la metodología Lean en el diseño de un modelo estandarizado de almacenaje de medicación en las unidades de hospitalización. Método: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo desarrollado entre septiembre de 2017 y enero de 2019 en un hospital de tercer nivel. Se creó un equipo multidisciplinar liderado por el Servicio de Farmacia. Se empleó la metodología Lean para establecer los elementos y criterios de organización e identificación que conformaron el modelo estandarizado de almacenaje de medicación. Se revisaron y cuantificaron los stocks de cada unidad de hospitalización, se consensuó la medicación con la supervisora de cada unidad y se estimó el impacto económico de la implantación del modelo estandarizado. Se diseñó y envió una encuesta para evaluar la satisfacción de enfermería con el nuevo modelo.Resultados: El modelo estandarizado de almacenaje se aplicó en 20 unidades de enfermería y supuso una reducción global del 56,72% en el número de presentaciones de principios activos disponibles (5.688 versus 2.462). Se disminuyó el número de presentaciones de principios activos de medicamentos de alto riesgo en un 40,73% (631 versus 374). La eliminación de este despilfarro supuso un ahorro económico de 25.357,98 €. Se recibieron 58 respuestas a la encuesta de satisfacción del personal de enfermería (20,70% del total de encuestas enviadas), de las que un 22,40% correspondieron al turno fijo y 77,60% al turno rotativo. La media de la satisfacción global (valorada entre 1 y 10) fue de 5,79 ± 3,61.Conclusiones: La aplicación de la metodología Lean es útil para la gestión de stocks de medicación de las unidades de hospitalización. La implantación del modelo estandarizado de almacenaje conlleva un ahorro económico y una reducción del número de presentaciones de principios activos y de medicamentos de alto riesgo. El personal de enfermería está conforme con la implantación del modelo, lo que nos plantea seguir en esta línea de mejora.

Resumen del trabajo presentado al ASAB Winter Virtual Meeting: Animal behaviour in a changing world, celebrado del 2 al 3 de diciembre de 2021.

[ES]: La condición corporal puede influir en diferentes procesos fenológicos que, a su vez, pueden ser desempeñados diferencialmente según la edad y sexo de los individuos. Presentamos la biometría, condición corporal, estado reproductivo y muda de la tijereta sabanera (Tyrannus s. savana), un migrante austral del Neotrópico. En La Pampa, Argentina, de octubre a febrero (2015-2018), realizamos la captura de individuos que fueron anillados y medidos de forma estándar. Ampliamos el rango de peso y cuerda del ala y reportamos por primera vez el largo de tarso y culmen. Como sucede generalmente en paseriformes, las hembras fueron menores a los machos, tanto en el peso de pichones como la cuerda de ala y largo de la cola de adultos. Durante la época reproductiva, mayoritariamente el acúmulo de grasa fue bajo y el desarrollo de la musculatura intermedio, el del parche de incubación alto y el de la cloaca bajo, como en la mayoría de los tiránidos. También, la presencia de muda fue generalmente baja, como se ha documentado previamente, y el desgaste de las remeras y rectrices fue moderado. Asimismo, las características no variaron temporalmente, a excepción del acúmulo de grasa y los desgastes de remeras y rectrices entre los años de las temporadas estudiadas y la disminución del peso y el aumento del desarrollo del parche de incubación con el avance de cada temporada reproductiva. Descripciones como estas son importantes porque existe una gran falta de conocimiento sobre la historia natural de muchas aves del Neotrópico, lo cual limita nuestra capacidad de constatar y frenar la alarmante pérdida de biodiversidad en la región., [EN]: Body condition may influence different phenological processes that, at the same time, may be performed differentially according to individual sex and age. We studied the biometry, body condition, breeding stage and feather molt of the Fork-tailed flycatcher (Tyrannus s. savana), a Neotropical austral migrant. Between October and February (2015-2018), we captured individual flycatchers in La Pampa, Argentina, which were banded and measured in a standardized fashion. We found larger wing chords and weights than previous studies, and tarsus and culmen lengths were reported for the first time. As is true for most passerines, females were smaller than males, both in nestling weight and in adult wing chord and tail length. During the breeding season, fat levels were mostly low, pectoral muscle scores were medium, brood patch development was high and cloacal protuberance development was low, as reported for most tyrant flycatchers. Additionally, active feather molt was mostly low, as has been previously documented, and wear of the remiges and rectrices was moderate. Also, these characteristics did not show temporal changes, except for the variation of fat levels and wear of the remiges and rectrices between breeding seasons, and a decrease in weight and greater brood patch development as the reproductive seasons progressed. Descriptions such as this are important because there exists a large gap in our understanding of the basic natural history of many Neotropical birds, which hinders our ability to address the alarming loss of biodiversity in the region., Este trabajo fue realizado con el aporte económico de la Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (#2012/17225–2) y por el estipendio de la Beca Interna Doctoral del CONICET de MER (2015-2020). LP-R contó con una ayuda del programa “Becas Iberoamérica - Santander Investigación”.

En la actualidad, se están dando profundos e importantes cambios en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad. El deporte y la actividad física no escapan a esta evolución y transformación. El aula de Educación Física se convierte en un escenario óptimo para el trabajo de múltiples contenidos que inciden positivamente en el desarrollo social, afectivo, emocional, psíquico y físico del alumnado. La innovación puede ser un buen medio para favorecer el aprendizaje de contenidos del currículo en el alumnado. A través de esta propuesta innovadora se ofrece, al profesorado de Educación Física, una adaptación didáctica del juego de Harry Potter que ha llamado la atención a multitud personas en todo el mundo, especialmente a niños y adolescentes. Para ello se ha creado un nuevo juego deportivo denominado Muggle Quidditch, su principal objetivo es trabajar diversos contenidos del currículo educativo de Educación Primaria y potenciar la motivación y el nivel de disfrute en la práctica de los deportes alternativos, previniendo comportamientos violentos derivados de la competitividad y favoreciendo la educación en valores. A lo largo de este proyecto se presenta el desarrollo de la propuesta didáctica y se desarrolla un enfoque metodológico basado en metodologías activas. El resultado de la implementación en el período de prácticas confirma una mayor motivación hacia la práctica deportiva, un mejor trabajo de valores y prevención de comportamientos violentos durante el juego asícomo una forma innovadora de trabajar diferentes contenidos del currículo a través de un nuevo juego deportivo, siendo definido por los participantes en el estudio como emocionante, intenso, dinámico, divertido y estimulante. Se trata de un juego rápido, lleno de estímulos y con un nivel de compromiso motor alto. Today, profound and important changes are taking place in all sectors of society. Sport and physical activity do not avoid this evolution and transformation and it is for this reason that the Physical Education classroom becomes an optimal environment for the work of multiple contents that positively influence the social, affective, emotional, mental and physical development of students. Innovation can be a good means of improving the learning of the curriculum content in students. Through this innovative proposal, Physical Education teachers are offered a didactic adaptation of the famous Harry Potter game that has attracted the attention of many people around the world, especially children and teenagers. For this a new sports game called Muggle Quidditch has been created, its main goal is to work on various contents in primary education and of the educational curriculum and improve motivation and level of enjoyment in practicing alternative sports, avoiding violent behavior and working on different values. During this project, the full development of the didactic proposals are presented and a methodological approach based on active methodologies are developed. The result of the implementation in the internship period confirms a greater motivation towards sports practice, a better work on values and on the prevention of violent behavior during the game, as well as an innovative way of working on different contents of the curriculum through a new sports game, defined by studying participants as exciting, intense, dynamic, fun and stimulating. It is a fast-paced game, full of motivation and with a high level of motor commitment.

Resumen del trabajo presentado al XXI Congreso de Anillamiento Científico de Aves, celebrado en Jaén del 3 la 7 de diciembre de 2021.

Seed description in morphology is often based on adjectives such as “spherical”, “globular”, or “reniform”, but this does not provide a quantitative method. A new morphological approach based on the comparison of seed images with geometric models provides a seed description in Silene species on a quantitative basis. The novelty of the proposed method is based in the comparison of the seed images with geometric models according to a cardioid shape. The J index is a measurement that indicates the seed percentage of similarity with a cardioid or cardioid-derived figures used as models. The seeds of Silene species have high values of similarity with the cardioid and cardioid-derived models (J index superior to 90). The comparison with different figures allows species description and differentiation. The method is applied here to seeds of 21 species and models are proposed for some of them including S. diclinis, an endangered species. The method is discussed in the context of previous comparison with the measures used in traditional morphometric analysis. The similarity of seed images with geometric figures opens a new perspective for the automatized taxonomical evaluation of samples linking seed morphology to functional traits in endangered Silene species.

The importance of the computation of direct bases of implications has been motivated by several authors in different areas. They emphasize the use of direct bases in several problems, where a large number of closures are needed. The more efficient the basis computation is, the better performance the methods solving these problems has. Here, we propose a new method, named SLgetdo , to calculate the direct-optimal basis. The main characteristic of SLgetdo is the full integration of simplification paradigm, providing a limited rise of the implicational set throughout its execution. We have showed the better behavior of SLgetdo in an empirical experiment. The general conclusion is that it improves the performance of previous methods, providing a better management of time and space resources.

Gender violence is a problem that affects millions of people worldwide. Among its many manifestations Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is one of the most common. In Spain, a police monitoring protocol has been developed to minimize recidivism in IPV cases. This protocol is complemented by VioGen, an Intimate Partner Violence Risk Assessment Tool (IPVRAT) created by the Spanish State Secretariat for Security of the Ministry of Interior (SES) for risk prediction. VioGen’s goal is to help the authorities determine what security and safety measures are most suitable. This paper improves on the current version of VioGen by introducing a model based on machine learning and data science and by studying the predictive value of exogenous and historical variables. The model is fitted on an anonymized database provided by SES and extracted from VioGen. This database includes the 2-year evolution of 46,047 new cases of IPV violence reported between October 2016 and December 2017, making it the largest database analyzed in the field. Obtained results show a clear improvement in the predictive capabilities of the new model against the original system, where it would have corrected more than 25% of the infra-protected cases, while improving the overall accuracy at the same time. Finally, lessons learned from the performed study and experiments are reported to aid in the design of future IPVRAT. In particular, insights show that IPVRAT should not treat cases statically as the incorporation of information regarding their evolution improves significantly the model’s performance.

Kicking ability in soccer has been evaluated predominantly by the maximum ball velocity. The kicking deficit (KD) may be defined as the percentage of the difference between the maximum ball velocity each player achieved by the non-preferred leg kick in relation to the preferred leg kick. This study aimed to compare: side-to-side kicking velocity, vertical jumps and anthropometrics between the younger (G-14) and older (G+14) than 14 years soccer players. An additional aim was to investigate associations among these variables. Participants were 92 young elite soccer players from the development programme of a top Spanish division club. They were divided into two age groups according to their growth and motor development stages (10.80-13.55 years, n=46; 14.02-16.39 years, n=46). Student’s t-test showed that the maximum kicking velocity with the preferred and non-preferred leg, jumping performance, and all anthropometric measurements were significantly (p

The care transition is the time when more medication errors occur. The aim of this study is to analyze the usefulness of a pharmacotherapeutic report model at hospital discharge to prevent medication errors and to simplify pharmacotherapy during a patient's transition from the hospital to primary care.Prospective study including patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were admitted to a short-stay unit or an emergency room. Relevant variables were extracted from the patients' clinical history and SPSS software was used to carry out the statistical analysis. Direct costs were also calculated.79.3% of patients were polymedicated, 15.5% of patients were identified as nonadherent to the treatment, 12.1% were users of alternative therapies, and 10.3% had been prescribed drugs that could be monitored. In 32.8% of the reports, reference was made to the primary care pharmacists with a view to resolve any pharmacotherapeutic discrepancies. A total of 132 discrepancies were identified, the majority being related to medicinal requirements (necessary/unnecessary medication). The major cause of drug-related problems (DRPs) were prescription errors. The drugs that were mainly involved in the onset of DRPs belonged to the R group, and the degree of simplification of the pharmacotherapy was 7.6%. The total cost avoided with the reconciliation was 200€/patient.A continuity program was implemented based on the drafting of a pharmacotherapeutic report, which allowed for detecting discrepancies and updating the patients' pharmacotherapeutic history, resulting in financial savings after its implementation.

Degradable poly(ester urethane)s (PEUS)/nanosilica composites are prepared, and a preliminary evaluation of their potential to be used in calcified tissue regeneration is performed. First, poly(ethylene glycol succinate) (PEGS) of different molecular weights is prepared and then a prepolymer with an excess of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate is synthesized; this prepolymer is subsequently extended with 1,4-butanediol in the presence of nanosilica particles. The effects of the structures of PEGS and PEUS are studied by means of attenuated total reflectance infrared, gel permeation chromatography, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The materials show that similar crystalline structure independently of the molecular weight, however, increases the thermal resistance with higher molecular weight of nanocomposites. After soaking in simulated body fluid, the appearance of apatite phosphate bands in Fourier transformed infrared spectra suggests the bioactive character of these composites. In addition, degradation and toxicity test are performed. The materials are degradable but not cytotoxic after 7 days of testing.