Search

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Large bodies of literature investigate the energy and resource impact of green buildings on consumers, environment, rent and society. However, little research exists that examines the habits and decision-making preferences of owners who operate and invest in these buildings. Industry interviews with senior-level representatives of U.S.-based institutional real estate owners (e.g. REITs, Pension Funds, Opportunity Funds, and Investment Managers) were conducted to assess energy reporting, data tracking, labeling preferences and upgrade decision making. The interviews revealed that EnergyStar and GRESB are primary reporting outlets, with LEED also relevant. Energy tracking mechanisms were quite disparate, ranging from custom built systems, EnergyStar Manager, third party providers or limited tracking. Upgrades were primarily driven by cost-benefit analysis and not sustainability-related motivations. This research shows that energy efficiency and tracking mechanisms have become the norm for institutional owners and investors.

We analyze the longitudinal 4-probe conductance of mesoscopic normal and superconducting wires and predict that in the superconducting case, large negative values can arise for both the weakly disordered and localized regimes. This contrasts sharply with the behaviour of the longitudinal 4-probe conductance of normal wires, which in the localized limit is always exponentially small and positive., Comment: Latex, 3 figures available on request to pya055@cent1.lancs.ac.uk (Simon Robinson)

The development of the GRID technique for determining nuclear level lifetimes of excited low-spin states populated in thermal neutron capture reactions has resulted in the ability to perform detailed studies of proposed multiphonon excitations for the first time. This paper discusses the experimental evidence for multiphonon excitations determined using the GRID technique. In deformed nuclei several good examples of {gamma}{gamma} K{sup {pi}} = 4{sup +} excitations have been established, whereas the experimental evidence gathered on K{sup {pi}} = 0{sup +} bands is contradictory, and any interpretations will likely involve the mixing of several different configurations. In vibrational nuclei the GRID technique has helped to establish the existence of multiple quadrupole phonon excitations in {sup 114}Cd, and an almost complete set of quadrupole-octupole coupled states in {sup 144}Nd.