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Oggetto della tesi sono i Dialoghi con Leucò, ventisette dialoghi tra dèi ed eroi del mito antico, pubblicati da Cesare Pavese nel 1947. Muovendo dai molteplici studi che negli ultimi anni si sono interessati alla raccolta e al suo rapporto col mondo classico, riconducibili nell’alveo più ampio dell’ interesse verso la dimensione intertestuale dell’opera pavesiana e in quello ancor più generale delle riscritture del mito classico all’interno della letteratura italiana, il presente lavoro intende colmare una lacuna: nonostante gli indubbi passi avanti compiuti nell’interpretazione dei Dialoghi, il panorama critico è tuttora mancante di un’analisi complessiva di tutte le tessere della raccolta, cioè uno studio che si mostri capace di integrare i risultati raggiunti sino a oggi in una cornice sistemica che includa e consideri tutti i componimenti – obiettivo specifico del lavoro qui sviluppato. L’analisi, dal taglio spiccatamente comparativo, si snoda sul duplice binario della sincronia e della diacronia: da un lato vengono chiarite le strategie di adattamento e riscrittura dell’antico, mentre, dall’altro, l’indagine è arricchita dal raffronto con altre riscritture mitiche, letterarie e non solo, nella convinzione che solo da un’analisi globale dell’opera se ne possa produrre una nuova interpretazione e che questa non possa prescindere dal confronto e dalla contaminazione con tendenze, motivi ed emersioni mitiche successive, anche non immediatamente riconducibili a Pavese., The thesis is an in-depth analysis of Cesare Pavese's Dialoghi con Leucò (1947). Through a deep reconstruction of all the classical sources rewritten by the author, the work is studied in comparison both to the classical authors and to the most important modern and contemporary version of the same myths. Therefore, the dissertation is the first attempt to study every dialogue, and, for this reason, it fosters a new interpretation of the overall work, which can finally emerge in all its deepness and richness.

•Vaccine effectiveness in children visiting an Emergency Department for influenza.•Test negative case-control study in 11 paediatric centres in two influenza seasons.•Vaccine effectiveness in preventing ED visits: 38% (95% CI -52% to 75%).•Add information for recommendation for vaccination in children. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospitalisations for influenza like illness (ILI) in children. Methods: We conducted a test negative case-control study during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 influenza seasons. Eleven paediatric hospital/wards in seven Italian regions participated in the study. Consecutive children visiting the ED with an ILI, as diagnosed by the doctor according to the European Centre for Disease Control case definition, were eligible for the study. Data were collected from trained pharmacists/physicians by interviewing parents during the ED visit (or hospital admission) of their children. An influenza microbiological test (RT-PCR) was carried out in all children. Results: Seven-hundred and four children, from 6 months to 16 years of age, were enrolled: 262 children tested positive for one of the influenza viruses (cases) and 442 tested negative (controls). Cases were older than controls (median age 46 vs. 29 months), though with a similar prevalence of chronic conditions. Only 25 children (4%) were vaccinated in the study period. The overall age-adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) was 38% (95% confidence interval -52% to 75%). A higher VE was estimated for hospitalised children (53%; 95% confidence interval -45% to 85%). Discussion: This study supports the effectiveness of the seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing visits to the EDs and hospitalisations for ILI in children, although the estimates were not statistically significant and with wide confidence intervals. Future systematic reviews of available data will provide more robust evidence for recommending influenza vaccination in children. © 2014 The Authors.

The publication explores the impact of the global financial crisis and of the European sovereign debt crisis on democratic principles in Europe. They have been democracy as much as financial crises. They not only emerged in democratic countries – first in the United States than in European countries – but caused the worst consequences on other democratic countries, where they had an impact on democratic governance. The two crises produced a number of institutional changes in Europe, which will be explored in the following paragraphs. Some patterns will appear as we go through this list of institutional novelties: first of all, the expanding role of the top political bodies (European Council, Eurozone Summit) and of the technocratic ones (IMF, European Commission, ECB, EMS). This evolution was legitimated by the circumstances, in particular by a sense of urgency, that limited the debate – and the time-consuming parliamentarism – and validated «technical» solutions. Such trends go hand in hand with technocratic solutions used as recipes for recovery, like the preference for regulatory solutions or the extensive use of the conditionality mechanism. As we will explain, the approach inspired by austerity is nothing but a natural consequence. After a comprehensive examination, a fact crops out: there has been a compression of democratic governance at national level through decisions stemming from less than democratic procedures represented to citizens as the only possible way out of the crisis. The scenario might look gloomy, but the goal of this analysis is to prove that the current crisis opened up a window of opportunity not only to address the original flaws of the EMU’s institutional frame as well as the limits of crisis management mechanisms but also to increase European citizens’ awareness and their demand for a more democratic governance.