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Although most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients can achieve complete remission (CR) induced by standardized chemotherapy, but the relapse rate after remission remains high. The key reason is its high heterogeneity in cytogenetics and molecular biology. There are evidences show that minimal residual disease (MRD) is closely associated with disease recurrence, so that, finding specific genetic and molecular biological changes as new targets for MRD detection has become a research hotspot in recent years. In this review the intrinsic relationship between relapse of AML and MRD detection of specific molecular events, the application of these new targets in MRD detection and their targeted therapies according to the latest guidelines, so as to achieve the optimal treatment in CR phase.MRD检测新靶点在急性髓系白血病复发中的研究现状. 大多数急性髓系白血病(AML)患者虽然在标准化疗方案诱导下可达到完全缓解（CR），但缓解后的复发率仍高居不下，最关键的原因在于其在细胞遗传学和分子生物学方面的高度异质性。有证据表明，微小残留病（MRD）与疾病复发密切相关，因此，寻找特定的遗传学和分子生物学改变作为MRD检测的新靶点成为近些年的研究热点。本文旨在阐述AML复发与特定分子事件MRD检测的内在联系，并根据最新指南对这些新靶点在MRD检测中的应用及其靶向治疗进行综述，以期在CR期给予最优治疗方案.

A low-cost fix-tuned 135-165 GHz sub-harmonic mixer (SHM) with low conversion loss (CL) is presented. The SHM is designed adopting GaAs Schottky dual-diode chip DBES105a, delivered by UMS, Inc. In consideration of extremely short signal wavelength and small circuit size at terahertz band, complicated parasitic effect, brought by packaging of the adopted Schottky chip, can lead to a limitation on optimum CL and operation bandwidth. To reduce the parasitic elements, one of the diodes in series is shorted and single-junction operation is enabled in the chip. The corresponding equivalent circuit model is developed for impedance matching and reliable circuit design. Passive circuits, including the waveguide-to-microstrip-line (WG-MSL) transition, the matching networks and the diplexer, are optimized to minimize the CL based on the equivalent circuit model. The experimental results show that the measured single-side-band CL of the SHM is 11-17 dB over 135-165 GHz, and is 12±1 dB over 140-160 GHz. Wide IF frequency bandwidth is attained, covering 0-20 GHz. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones, demonstrating the accuracy of the equivalent circuit model and the effectiveness of the design methodology.

La tesi examina el corpus de manuals confessionals produïts en el territori xinès pels missioners europeus durant la dinastia Ming tardana i la Qing primerenca (aprox. 1580-1780). L'objectiu de la tesi consisteix, d'una banda, en dur a terme l'examen de les modificacions que va patir la normativa (la doctrina i la litúrgia) de la confessió al ser adaptada a les circumstàncies culturals, espirituals i socials de l'Imperi del Mig, procés que hem anomenat ""traducció transcultural"". En concret, pretén desentranyar les estratègies discursives i els recursos d'adaptació cultural als que van recórrer els autors per afrontar les pràctiques penitencials, tal com s'havien desenvolupat en el context del pensament xinès. La tesi analitza, en definitiva, la difusió del cristianisme en la Xina imperial com un elaboradíssim i complex projecte evangelitzador, en el qual es barrejaven interessos i motivacions polítiques, religioses i culturals. La tesis examina el corpus de manuales confesionales producidos en el territorio chino por los misioneros europeos durante la dinastía Ming tardía y la Qing temprana (aprox. 1580-1780). Su objetivo consiste en llevar a cabo el examen de las modificaciones que sufrió la normativa (la doctrina y la liturgia) de la confesión al ser adaptada a las circunstancias culturales, espirituales y sociales del Imperio del Medio, proceso que hemos dado en llamar ""traducción transcultural"". En concreto, pretende desentrañar las estrategias discursivas y los recursos de adaptación cultural a los que recurrieron los autores para afrontar las prácticas penitenciales, tal como se habían desarrollado en el contexto del pensamiento chino. La tesis analiza, en definitiva, la difusión del cristianismo en la China imperial como un elaboradísimo y complejo proyecto evangelizador, en el cual se mezclaban intereses y motivaciones políticas, religiosas y culturales. The thesis studies a body of confessional manuals produced in the Chinese territory (and written in Chinese, with the help of local collaborators) by European missionaries during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties (about 1580-1780). Its objective is to examine the modifications that the normative (doctrine and liturgy) of the confession underwent during the process of adaptation to the cultural, spiritual and social circumstances of the Middle Empire, a process that we have called ""transcultural translation"". Specifically, it seeks to unravel the discursive strategies and resources of cultural adaptation to which the authors resorted in order to confront the penitential practices, already present in the Chinese thought in the moment of the arrival of the first European missionaries The thesis analyzes, in short, the diffusion of Christianity in the imperial China as an elaborate and complex evangelizing enterprise, an amalgam of political, religious and cultural interests and motivations. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Teoria de la Literatura i Literatura Comparada

To investigate the roles of BDNF/TrkB neurotrophic signaling in hippocampal injury for fatigue rats induced by incremental load exercise and the protective effects and mechanism of spirulina supplement.Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC), normal plus spirulina group(NS), exercise model group (EM), exercise plus spirulina group (ES), and positive control group (PC), 12 rats in each group.Group EM, Group ES and Group PC were applied by treadmill running with high-intensity increasing for three weeks, and Group NC had not any intervention measures.Group ES and Group NS were treated with spirulina at a dose of 300 mg/kg.bw.by intragastric administration.Group PC was gavaged at the same volume of ginseng extract of 1.92 g/kg for three weeks.The expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase recptor (TrkB), phospho-tyrosine kinase recptor (p-TrkB) were tested by Western blot and immunohistochemical method, and micromorphology changes of hippocampal CA1 were observed by light microscope at the end of the experiment.The general situations of rats such as body weights were recorded during the experiment.Compared with Group NC, Group EM showed significantly decrease in body weight and hippocampal CA1 neurons of the group loosely arrayed and disarrayed and some neurons were shrinked, and even some neurons disappeared.The expressions of BDNF, TrkB and p-TrkB in group EM were increased significantly(BDNF/TrkB neurotrophic signal pathway could be involved in the repair process of hippocampal nervous damage caused by incremental load exercise for fatigue rats.Spirulina supplement had a protective effect on the damaged nervous through increasing the expressions of BDNF, TrkB and p-TrkB.

Ocean bottom pressure (OBP) variability serves as a proxy of ocean mass variability. A question how well it can modeled by the present general ocean circulation models on time scales of 1 day and more is addressed. It is shown that the models simulate consistent patterns of bottom pressure variability on monthly and longer scales except for areas with high mesoscale eddy activity, where high resolution is needed. The simulated variability is compared to a new data set from an array of PIES (Pressure-Inverted Echo Sounder) gauges deployed along a transect in the Southern Ocean. We show that while the STD of monthly averaged variability agrees well with observations except for the locations with high eddy activity, models lose a significant part of variability on shorter time scales. Furthermore, despite good agreement in the amplitude of variability, the OBP from the PIES and simulation show almost no correlation. Our findings point to limitations in geophysical background models required for space geodetic applications. We argue that major improvements in OBP modelling require data assimilation in order to increase the coherence between modelled and observed signals.

We discuss time series of ocean bottom pressure (OBP) computed by the Finite Element Sea Ice-Ocean Model (FESOM) driven by realistic forcing. The influence of atmospheric pressure and mesoscale eddies on the OBP and surface height anomalies on time scales up to years was investigated. Also, we estimated space and time scales of mass variability simulated by both climate-type (resolution about 1 degree) and eddy resolving (down to about 10 km) versions of the model. We analyze the African sector of the Southern Ocean. A part of the OBP variance there is associated with eddy activity (especially in the Agulhas region) and explore its respective contribution. Assessment of averaging interval of simulated data for the purpose of minimizing aliasing in variability of OBP is additionally carried out. An important aspect of this study is the comparison of modeled and in situ OBP records. High frequency measurements of OBP with sub-daily resolution available from Pressure Inverted Echo Sounders (PIES) used to infer temporal co-spectra of OBP variability. The PIES are placed along the prime meridian south of Africa can be used to evaluate variations of both barotropic and baroclinic geostrophic transport fluctuations of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and verify corresponding GRACE estimates. The distance between PIES stations is chosen to resolve the major oceanic fronts for this region, which allows us to compare co-spectra of observed and simulated OBP variability. Variability of the oceanic bottom pressure from sensor observations and ocean models. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316789208_Variability_of_the_oceanic_bottom_pressure_from_sensor_observations_and_ocean_models [accessed May 10, 2017].

Connections are key elements and the weak points for timber structures. The most commonly used bolted timber connections with slotted in steel plate have low lateral stiffness and poor ductility in post-and-beam construction. This paper introduces the prestressed-tube bolted connection to alleviate this problem. To evaluate its lateral resisting performance, the failure mode, strength, lateral stiffness, ductility, hysteresis curve and equivalent viscous damping ratio of the ordinary and improved connections, as determined by the monotonic and reversed cyclic loading test, are compared. The results demonstrate that the lateral stiffness of the prestressed-tube bolted connection has been significantly improved, and its ductility is also better than the normal bolted connection with no decrease in the ultimate moment resisting capacity. It is believed that the semi-rigid prestressed-tube bolted connection, as an alternative to current bolted solutions, may provide reasonable lateral stiffness and has good potential for use in post-beam timber construction.

Ocean mass variability on timescales of months to decades is still insufficiently understood. On these timescales, large-scale ocean bottom pressure (OBP) anomalies are associated both with wind induced variability as well as baroclinic processes, i.e. related to vertical shear of ocean density. The GRACE mission has been instrumental in quantifying such mass fluctuations, yet its lifetime is limited. The broader importance of non-tidal ocean mass variability for oceanography but also geodesy (i.e. for understanding the time-varying geoid, shape of the Earth's crust, centre of figure, Earth rotation) is obvious. Deep ocean processes can only be understood properly when not only sea surface height and upper ocean steric expansion are measured but deep ocean pressure anomalies are accounted for in addition. Apart from GRACE, the SWARM constellation may provide information on the lowest degrees of the time-variable gravity field of the Earth and therefore of large-scale oceanic processes. Here we introduce the project CONTIM, which is run in the framework of the German Special Priority Programme "Dynamic Earth" (SPP1788). In CONTIM we propose to combine expertise on precise satellite orbit determination, gravity field and mass modelling, and physical oceanography to retrieve, analyse and verify consistent time series of ocean mass variations from a set of low-flying Earth orbiters including GRACE, but extending the GRACE time series. This information is used to advance our understanding of oceanic movement, ocean warming and sea level rise. CONTIM will thus synergistically address three areas: (1) the methodology of precisely determining LEO orbits, applied here to the SWARM constellation. (2) a new method of retrieving large-scale time-varying gravity (TVG) and mass change associated with oceanic (and cryospheric and hydrological) processes from results of (1), based on forward modelling. (3) physical modelling of ocean mass variations, both for improved forward modelling in (2) and for integration with satellite-geodetic retrieved ocean mass, and aiding in the determination of a final consistent modelling of sea level rise, ocean warming and oceanic mass budget. In this contribution, we will give an overview of the objectives of the project and provide some first results. We will highlight the technical challenges associated with the computation of kinematic SWARM orbits. Furthermore, different scenarios for time-variable gravity field retrieval are tested and evaluated, and the CHAMP data are used to test the methods over a longer period. To better understand and parameterize the ocean mass signals, we will discuss output from a high resolution version of the ocean model FESOM forced with tides, surface winds and atmospheric pressure.

With the rapid development of inland wind farm in China, the costal wind farm still has not got large-scale development as the result of the higher cost of fan foundation and the more difficulty of construction. The prefabricated prestressed cylinder foundation (PPC foundation), as a new type of wind turbine foundation designed for the soft soil region such as the inter-tidal coastal zone and inland wetlands, is introduced in this paper. The condition of lateral earth pressure distribution around the foundation which determines the flexural capacity of fan foundation in the soft soil is studied. Through theoretical analysis and mathematical derivation, the result shows that the lateral earth pressure around PPC foundation is changed with depth by 1.5th power curve which has good fitting to the finite element analysis result. The simplified and improved design process is applied into the practical engineering and the good economy of PPC foundation is proved.

One large-diameter and non-circular steel tube was adopted in Henan TV tower (China). This special cross-section consists of three flat plates welded to three arc plates one by one. This paper studies the critical local buckling behavior of steel plates by using the finite element analysis method. Initial geometric imperfections and residual stresses presented in steel plates, material yielding and strain hardening were taken into account in the nonlinear analysis. An experimental study was performed to verify the capacity ability of this special steel tube. Based on the results obtained from the nonlinear finite element analyses and experiments, a set of design recommendations are provided for ensuring the safety of this special tube in Henan TV tower.

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) in combination with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the proliferation and apoptosis of the HCT-15 human colorectal cancer cell line. HCT-15 cells were divided into a blank control group, a vehicle control group and experimental groups (RSG only or ATRA only or RSG plus ATRA). Growth inhibition was examined using the MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle progression were examined by flow cytometry. The expression of COX-2, MMP-7 and TIMP-1 was examined by immunocytochemistry. RSG alone inhibited HCT-15 cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P1.15). RSG or ATRA alone effectively increased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase and decreased the proportion of cells in the S phase, thus inducing apoptosis (P

The synthesis of precursor of green phosphors, LaPO4 : Ce, Tb, by means of co-precipitation with cocurrent flow feed was studied. The effects of the reaction temperature, the kind and concentration of the acid in the bottom water, and the charging rate on the physical properties, such as particle size, were investigated. It is found that the particle size of the powder is controllable by adjusting acidity in bottom water and charging rate. The powder with diameter size of 3 to 5 μm was obtained. Its XRD and SEM were analyzed. XRD patterns of the as-prepared green phosphor powders display the typical peaks of CePO4. SEM shows that the morphology of powders is ball-shaped.

One effect of solid tumors is severe hypoxia of local tissues. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is highly expressed in a variety of human tumor tissues; its induction and activity are closely related to growth of solid tumors. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that regulates hypoxia signal transduction and plays a central role in tumor hypoxia regulation. However, whether and how changes in HO-1 activity affect HIF-1 gene expression has not been reported previously.Hypoxia-inducible models were established using gastric cancer cell lines (SGC-7901) in a hypoxia incubator. Cells were placed in four groups: Group A, transfected by plasmid harboring HO-1 shRNA; Group B, transfected with scrambled shRNA vector; Group C, treated with hemin; and Group D, exposed to hypoxia only. Expressions of HO-1 and HIF-1 mRNAs were quantified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Expressions of HO-1 and HIF-1 proteins were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.mRNA and protein levels of HO-1 and HIF-1 in the control group were significantly higher than in Group A (P0.01), but lower than in Group C (P0.01). Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that HIF-1 was identified as the direct HO-1 target gene.While affected by HIF-1, HO-1 up-regulation promotes the expression of HIF-1 and the down-regulation of HO-1 suppresses the expression of HIF-1 gene.

There are effects of sportswear color on the contest outcome. It has been explained from the psychological and perceptual viewpoints, respectively. It was studied by integrating the homeostatic theory of exercise training and autonomic nervous model of color vision in this paper. It was found that the effects of sportswear color on the contest outcome depend on autonomic nervous homeostasis (ANH). Color can be classified into hot color such as red, orange and yellow and cold color such as green, blue and violet. If the athletes have been in ANH, there are no effects of sportswear color on the contest outcome. If the autonomic nervous system is far from ANH due to exercise induced fatigue, wearing cold color had no predominance for cold-hot matches, and wearing white had no predominance for white-color matches.