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In this paper modeling and simulation has been studied by means of impact of energy generated by using wind turbine. The strength conversion primarily depends on the wind velocity and swept area. When design wind structures it’s very important to recognize predicted electricity and electricity output for calculating financial viability. Wind turbine performance depends on wind speed, air density, air pressure, temperature and length of blade. The modeling and simulation method is used to analyze the overall performance of wind turbine.

We propose a novel approach to enhance the fingerprint image and extract features such as directional fields, minutiae and singular points reliably using a Hierarchical Markov Random Field Model. Unlike traditional fingerprint enhancement techniques, we use previously learned prior patterns from a set of clean fingerprints to restore a noisy one. We are able to recover the ridge and valley structure from degraded and noisy fingerprint images by formulating it as a hierarchical interconnected MRF that processes the information at multiple resolutions. The top layer incorporates the compatibility between an observed degraded fingerprint patch and prior training patterns in addition to ridge continuity across neighboring patches. A second layer accounts for spatial smoothness of the orientation field and its discontinuity at the singularities. Further layers could be used for incorporating higher level priors such as the class of the fingerprint. The strength of the proposed approach lies in its flexibility to model possible variations in fingerprint images as patches and from its ability to incorporate contextual information at various resolutions. Experimental results (both quantitative and qualitative) clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.

BACKGROUND: The objectives of these laboratory experiments were: (1) to assess bromoxynil sorption,mineralization, bound residue formation and extractable residue persistence in a Dundee silt loam collected from 0–2 cm and 2–10 cm depths under continuous conventional tillage and no-tillage; (2) to assess the effects of autoclaving on bromoxynilmineralization and bound residue formation; (3) to determine the partitioning of non-extractable residues; and (4) to ascertain the effects of bromoxynil concentration on extractable and bound residues andmetabolite formation. RESULTS: BromoxynilKd values rangedfrom 0.7 to1.4 Lkg−1 andwerepositively correlatedwith soilorganic carbon.Cumulative mineralization (38.5% ± 1.5), bound residue formation (46.5% ± 0.5) and persistence of extractable residues (T1/2 < 1 day) in non-autoclaved soils were independent of tillage and depth. Autoclaving decreased mineralization and bound residue formation 257-fold and 6.0-fold respectively. Bromoxynil persistence in soil was rate independent (T1/2 < 1 day), and the majority of non-extractable residues (87%) were associated with the humic acid fraction of soil organicmatter. CONCLUSIONS: Irrespective of tillage or depth, bromoxynil half-life in native soil is less than 1 day owing to rapid incorporation of the herbicide into non-extractable residues. Bound residue formation is governed principally by biochemical metabolite formation and primarily associated with soil humic acids that are moderately bioavailable for mineralization. These data indicate that the risk of off-site transport of bromoxynil residues is low owing to rapid incorporation into non-extractable residues.