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Supplementary tables and row data., bibliometric analysis; esophagogastric variceal bleeding; cirrhosis; EGVB; liver cirrhosis

Catillopecten is a small genus of deep-sea glass scallops, but its diversity is poorly known in many parts of the world ocean. We described C. margaritatus n. sp. (Pectinoidea: Propeamussiidae), and performed morphological analyses and DNA sequencing, and estimated the divergence time of scallops based on samples collected from Haima cold seep in the South China Sea. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from congeneric species by its large shell size, relatively small auricle length, absence of monocrystal aerials, presence of longitudinal radial ridges on the left valve, and the alternated rounded striae and distal and proximal growth lines of prisms on the right valve. Anatomically, this new species can be distinguished from C. vulcani by its anteriorly located auriculate gills, compared to the centrally located lamellar gills of the latter, and the different locations of the pericardium. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis based on the 18S rRNA fragments supported the placement of the new species in Catillopecten. We also report the mitogenome of C. margaritatus n. sp. as the only reported mitogenome of the family Propeamussiidae, which differs from those of other scallops substantially in gene order arrangement. Divergence time estimation revealed that Propeamussiidae and Pectinidae diverged in the early Carboniferous, while Catillopecten and Parvamussium diverged during the late Cretaceous to early Eocene. Finally, we presented a key to the species of Catillopecten.

Tripedalia maipoensis sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2, Fig. S1) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 68BA7074-70C9-400A-9F49- 572E6DC3622B Material examined: TMBC030991 (holotype): adult medusa, female (Fig. 1A–B), collected 21 April 2022, preserved in 4% formalin, stored in 90% ethanol. TMBC030992–TMBC031003 (paratypes): adult medusa, one individual each, same sampling location as holotype, TMBC030992 (male), TMBC030993 (female), TMBC030994 (male), TMBC030995 (female), TMBC030996 (sex cannot be determined), TMBC030997 (male), TMBC030998 (female), TMBC030999 (female), TMBC031000 (male), TMBC031001 (male), TMBC031002 (female), TMBC031003 (female), TMBC030992– TMBC030995 collected on 21 April 2022, TMBC030996–TMBC031003 collected in August 2020, TMBC030992–TMBC030997 preserved in 4% formalin and stored in 90% ethanol, TMBC030998– TMBC031003 preserved in 95% ethanol. © 2023 Academia Sinica, Taiwan Type locality: Mai Po Nature Reserve, Hong Kong. 22. 4887°N, 114.0417°E. © 2023 Academia Sinica, Taiwan Etymology: maipoensis is the Latinized form of the type locality Mai Po. Diagnosis: Medusa with three pedalia per bell corner, each pedalium with one tentacle, velarium with forked canals. Description: The bell is transparent, colourless, cuboidal-shaped with smooth, edges rounded, roof slightly arched, with white nematocyst warts of different shapes and sizes densely scattered from apex to bell margin (Fig. 1A–B, G; Fig. S1C–E). There is a pair of gonads at each corner of the bell, extending from stomach rim to velarium in both sexes (Fig. 1A, Fig. S1C). There are four frown-shaped rhopalial niches, each located between two bell corners. Each rhopalial niche ostium has a prominent upper covering scale, and a small lower scale (Fig. 1A, C). Each ropalial niche has a rhopalium suspended from the roof with a stalk. Each of the four rhopalia bears six eyes: two lateral pit eyes, two lateral slit eyes, a smaller upper lens eye, and a larger lower lens eye (Fig. 1D). Each rhopalium also bears a large crystalline statolith below the lower lens eye. The velarium is smooth, without nematocyst warts. The velarial canals are biforked to multi-branched with 3–6 branches, with sharp tips (Fig. 1E–F). The velarial canal tips are white in mature specimens (Fig. 1E). The manubrium extends from the bell roof to 1/2–2/3 bell height (Fig. S1C, E); they are cruciform with four terminal lobes that are free of nematocyst warts (Fig. 1H). The stomach is flat, with its four corners each connected to a brush-like gastric phacella (Fig. 1G, Fig. S1F). The pedalia are flat and unbended, each with one pedalial canal inside (Fig. 1A–B, Fig. S1C– D) and nematocyst warts on the outer surface (Fig. 1B, Fig. S1D). Pedalial canal straight, extending through pedalium, slightly tapering at distal end, knee bend rounded without appendage. Each pedalium bears a single unbranched tentacle. Nematocysts from tentacles are oval-shaped (Fig. 1I). Juvenile medusae are similar with adults in gross morphology. At ~BH 3.2 mm, they developed from two to three pedalia per bell corner (Fig. S1G–H). Sexual Dimorphism: Female gonad ‘wings’ are slender, extending from the stomach to the velarium; whitish to light yellow in live specimens (Fig. 1A– B). Male gonad ‘wings’ are broad with a rounded top, extending from the stomach to the velarium; whitish in live specimen (Fig. S1C). © 2023 Academia Sinica, Taiwan Measurements: n = 8 adults. Mean BH 12.5 (± 3.3) mm, mean DBW 15.2 (± 6.9) mm, mean IRW 1.4 (± 0.7) mm, mean DRT 2.7 (± 1.3) mm, mean PL 4.9 (± 1.1) mm, mean PW 1.5 (± 0.5) mm. Distribution and ecology: The new species is currently known only from the type locality, but may also occur in the adjacent waters of the Pearl River Estuary as the ponds are connected to the estuary through a tidal channel. The new species was found every year since 2020 in some of the brackish water intertidal shrimp ponds of Mai Po Nature Reserve during April and May, and also extending to June in 2021 when water temperature ranged from 20°C to 29°C, and salinity from 5.8 psu to 18 psu. The new species was recorded in water channels flanked by Common Reed (Phragmites australis) or mangroves of mainly Kandelia obovata mixed with the golden leather fern Acrostichum aureum. Genetic analyses: A 567 base pair (bp) fragment of 16S, 1734 bp fragment of 18S and 1809 bp fragment of 28S was used in the genetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses based on the combined dataset of three genes strongly supported the monophyly of Tripedalia (Fig. 2). Specimens of T. maipoensis sp. nov. were grouped to a distinctive clade and sister to the T. cystophora group comprising specimens from Costa Rica and Indonesia with strong support (UFBoot = 100, Fig. 2). The Tripedalia clade is then sister to Copula sivickisi (Fig. 2). For 16S, the intraspecific p -distance of T. maipoensis sp. nov. for 16S is 0.1%, while the interspecific p- distance between T. maipoensis sp. nov. and T. cystophora is 17.5%. The percentage of genetic distance for 16S between T. maipoensis sp. nov. and Copula sivickisi is 26.6%, while the value between T. cystophora and C. sivickisi is 28.3%. Key to genera and species of Tripedallidae Conant, 1897 with the new species 1. One pedalium per bell corner............................... Copula sivickisi - More than one pedalium per bell corner.................................... 2 2. Two pedalia per bell corner.............................. Tripedalia binata - Three pedalia per bell corner...................................................... 3 3. Velarial canals simple, unforked............... Tripedalia cystophora - Velarial canals forked.................. Tripedalia maipoensis sp. nov., Published as part of Sun, Yanan, Tsui, Justin Hon Yin, Wong, Rachel Ting Huen, Cheung, Ringo Nga Ching, Ng, Murphy Kam Pui, Or, Carmen K. M. & Qiu, Jian-Wen, 2023, A New Species of Box Jellyfish (Cnidaria: Tripedaliidae: Tripedalia) from Hong Kong, China, pp. 1-7 in Zoological Studies 62 (17) on pages 2-5, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2023.62-17, http://zenodo.org/record/8075456, {"references":["Conant FS. 1897. Notes on the cubomedusae. Johns Hopkins University Circular 132: 8 - 10."]}

We describe a box jellyfish, Tripedalia maipoensis sp. nov., based on samples collected from a shrimp pond in Hong Kong. This new species is morphologically distinct from other species of the family Tripedaliidae by the following combination of characters: (1) three pedalia at each bell corner; (2) each pedalium with one tentacle; and (3) velarium with forked canals. Phylogenetic analyses based on a concatenated dataset of the 16S, 18S and 28S rRNA genes show that T. maipoensis sp. nov. is sister to the morphologically similar species T. cystophora, but the two species exhibit 17.4% divergence in the 16S rRNA gene, supporting T. maipoensis sp. nov. as a distinct species. This new species represents the fourth described species of Tripedaliidae, and the first record of the family in Chinese coastal waters.

Additional file 5: Figure S5. The regulation of cytosolic NADPH production pathway and mtDNA level during TGF-β induced myofibroblast differentiation.

The `brane quantisation' procedure is developed by Gukov and Witten \cite{Gukov:2008ve}. We implement this idea by combining it with the tilting theory and the minimal resolutions. This way, we can realistically compute the deformation quantisation on the space of observables acting on the Hilbert space. We apply this procedure to certain quantisation problem in the context of generalised K\"ahler structure on $\mathbb{P}^2$. Our approach differs from and complements that of Bischoff and Gualtieri \cite{Bischoff:2021ixy}. We also benefitted from an important technical tool: a combinatorial criterion for the Maurer-Cartan equation, developed in \cite{BarmeierWang} by Barmeier and Wang., Comment: 39+9 pages, typos fixed, comments welcome

Additional file 7: Table S1. siRNAs and qPCR primers used in this study.

This handbook provides a comprehensive review of transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions, commonly referred to as transverse momentum distributions (TMDs). TMDs describe the distribution of partons inside the proton and other hadrons with respect to both their longitudinal and transverse momenta. They provide unique insight into the internal momentum and spin structure of hadrons, and are a key ingredient in the description of many collider physics cross sections. Understanding TMDs requires a combination of theoretical techniques from quantum field theory, nonperturbative calculations using lattice QCD, and phenomenological analysis of experimental data. The handbook covers a wide range of topics, from theoretical foundations to experimental analyses, as well as recent developments and future directions. It is intended to provide an essential reference for researchers and graduate students interested in understanding the structure of hadrons and the dynamics of partons in high energy collisions., 471 pages, many figures

Additional file 3: Figure S3. Suppressing SLC25A32 promotes TGF-β1 induced oxidative stress during myofibroblast differentiation, related to Fig. 3.

Additional file 6: Figure S6. The effects of folate supplementation during myofibroblast differentiation.

Quantum geometry - the geometry of electron Bloch wavefunctions - is central to modern condensed matter physics. Due to the quantum nature, quantum geometry has two parts, the real part quantum metric and the imaginary part Berry curvature. The studies of Berry curvature have led to countless breakthroughs, ranging from the quantum Hall effect in 2DEGs to the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in ferromagnets. However, in contrast to Berry curvature, the quantum metric has rarely been explored. Here, we report a new nonlinear Hall effect induced by quantum metric by interfacing even-layered MnBi2Te4 (a PT-symmetric antiferromagnet (AFM)) with black phosphorus. This novel nonlinear Hall effect switches direction upon reversing the AFM spins and exhibits distinct scaling that suggests a non-dissipative nature. Like the AHE brought Berry curvature under the spotlight, our results open the door to discovering quantum metric responses. Moreover, we demonstrate that the AFM can harvest wireless electromagnetic energy via the new nonlinear Hall effect, therefore enabling intriguing applications that bridges nonlinear electronics with AFM spintronics., Just appeared in Science. Originally submitted to Science on Oct. 5, 2022

Additional file 4: Figure S4. The effect of folate supplementation on weight and nodules in silica-treated mice, related to Fig. 4.

The $x$-dependence of hadrons' generalized parton distributions (GPDs) $\mathcal{F}(x,\xi,t)$ is the most difficult to extract from the existing known processes, while the $\xi$ and $t$ dependence are uniquely determined by the kinematics of the scattered hadron. We study the single diffractive hard exclusive processes for extracting GPDs in the photoproduction. We demonstrate quantitatively the enhanced sensitivity on extracting the $x$-dependence of various GPDs from the photoproduction cross sections, as well as the asymmetries constructed from photon polarization and hadron spin that could be measured at JLab Hall D by GlueX Collaboration and future facilities., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, plus a supplemental material that is 5 pages + 2 figures

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed proteins identified by mass spectrometry and plasma folate analysis, related to Fig. 1.

Additional file 2: Figure S2. SLC25A32 negatively regulates TGF-β induced myofibroblast differentiation, related to Fig. 2.

Tubastraea, commonly known as sun coral, is a genus of brightly coloured azooxanthellate corals in the family Dendrophylliidae. The diversity of this genus is low, with only seven recognized species. Herein, we describe Tubastraea megacorallita sp. nov. from Hong Kong based on morphological and molecular analyses. This new species exhibits several characteristics of the genus including being colonial, having a rough texture of corallum and no epitheca. It can be distinguished from its congenerics by bigger corallites, and the Pourtalès plan arrangement of its septa. The rDNA gene sequences (consisting of ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2, 18S and 28S) showed 2.45–5.18% divergence from those of its closest relatives, T. coccinea and T. micranthus.

GOAL: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin C solution (VCS) in reducing adverse reactions caused by painless Lugol chromoendoscopy. BACKGROUND: Lugol chromoendoscopy is an effective method for screening superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, although Lugol iodine solution (LIS) causes mucosal irritation. STUDY: In 4 hospitals in China, patients were randomized and divided into a distilled water (DW) group, an sodium thiosulfate solution (STS) group and a VCS group. Patients' esophageal mucosal surfaces were stained with either 1.2% or 0.5% LIS and then sprayed with DW, STS, or VCS at various concentrations. For the current randomized study, 1610 patients were enrolled in the 1.2% LIS group and 1355 patients were enrolled in the 0.5% LIS group. In addition, 150 patients were enrolled to assess the discoloration effect. The primary outcome for evaluation was the incidence of acute or late adverse reactions after Lugol iodine staining. The secondary outcome for evaluation was the discoloration effect on esophageal iodine-stained mucosa. RESULTS: VCS significantly reduced the occurrence of acute adverse reactions due to staining from 1.2% LIS. The effect of VCS was similar to that of STS but better than that of DW (P

Background: Glucocorticoids have been widely used in perioperative period for postoperative pain relief and the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the optimal administration protocols of glucocorticoids remain controversial. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of glucocorticoids between intravenous and periarticular injection on clinical outcomes.Methods: A total of 114 patients were randomly assigned, and 46 patients in intravenous (IV) group and 47 patients in periarticular injection (PI) group were included in the final statistical analysis. The IV group received 10 mg dexamethasone intravenously, and the PI group received periarticular injection of cocktail including 10 mg dexamethasone during the procedure. The clinical outcomes were assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS), the knee society score (KSS), range of motion (ROM), knee swelling, inflammation markers and complications for all patients after TKA.Results: Patients in the IV group had similar VAS score at rest and during walking at 6 hours, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th days, 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively when compared to the PI group. The ROM of knee in the affected leg at post- operative 3 months was less in the IV group compared with the PI group (110.1°± 11.9°vs 115.4°± 13.5°, P = 0.047), but without a statistically significant difference at 3rd days and 2 weeks postoperatively. The knee swelling and KSS function score were not statistically different. The level of IL-6, CRP and ESR at postoperative 1st days and 3rd days were also similar in two groups. Vomiting and other complications occurrence were not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion: The intraoperative intravenous and periarticular injection of glucocorticoids have similar clinical outcomes, including postoperative pain management, prevention of PONV, inflammation, knee swelling, knee function recovery and the incidence of complications following primary TKA.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000033490. Date of registration: June 2, 2020.

Background Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is highly related to ischemic heart disease which is the main cause of death worldwide. However, no standard therapy for I/R is available. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) has been demonstrated to play an important role in myocardial I/R injury, however its therapeutic effects and potential mechanism remain still unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of STS on myocardial I/R injury. Methods STS were injected intraperitoneally at 30 mg/kg per mouse beginning 10 days before I/R surgery. Histological analyses and markers, echocardiographic parameters, TTC staining were examined to assess myocardial injury. Results Compared with I/R mice, I/R in STS-administered mice leaded to diminished myocardial infarct size, apoptosis, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression. In cultured cardiomyocytes, STS inhibits apoptosis and production of TLR4, IL-6. Dominant negative AKT reversed the inhibitory effect of STS on apoptosis, but had no effect on the inhibitory effect of STS on IL-6 production. STS induces SIRT1/TLR4-dependent anti-inflammation in cardiomyocytes, and inhibition of SIRT1 by siSIRT1 reverses the inhibitory effect of STS on inflammation and infarct size. Conclusion Our study suggest that STS can relieve heart I/R injury through AKT and SIRT1/TLR4-dependent mechanisms in vivo and vitro.

Additional file 1. Conflict of interest statement form.

Additional file 2. Literature retrieval strategy.

Background To establish and verify the accuracy and reliability of a sulcus-to-sulcus diameter (STS) prediction model. Methods In this retrospective study, the prediction formula was established with the data from 1466 eyes from 733 subjects from July 2020 to April 2021 and verified with the data from 278 eyes from 139 subjects between May 2021 and June 2021. Each subject was measured with a Pentacam, IOLMaster 700, OPD-Scan III, and ultrasound biomicroscope. The prediction formulas were established with multiple linear regression, and intergroup correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman tests were used to assess the agreement between the predicted and actual STS (actual STS was measured by UBM). Results The explanatory variables relevant to the horizontal STS (STSH) were the Pentacam white-to-white diameter (WTWP; standardized partial regression coefficient [β] = 0.330; p p p p p p Conclusions The Pentacam-measured WTW, the K value and the ACD are important for predicting the STS diameter. The prediction model has good accuracy and reliability. Trial registration Not applicable.

We extract pion parton distribution functions (PDFs) in a Monte Carlo global QCD analysis of experimental data together with reduced Ioffe time pseudo-distributions and matrix elements of current-current correlators generated from lattice QCD. By including both experimental and lattice QCD data, our analysis rigorously quantifies both the uncertainties of the pion PDFs and systematic effects intrinsic to the lattice QCD observables. The reduced Ioffe time pseudo-distributions significantly decrease the uncertainties on the PDFs, while the current-current correlators are limited by the systematic effects associated with the lattice. Consistent with recent phenomenological determinations, the behavior of the valence quark distribution of the pion at large momentum fraction is found to be $\sim (1-x)^{ \beta_{\rm eff}}$ with $\beta_{\rm eff} \approx 1.0-1.2$., Comment: 47 pages, 15 figures

Amphictene jianqingi n. sp. Figs 1, 4–6. Material examined. Holotype: SCSMBC030870 (tissue sample sequenced), complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'10.8"E 22°35'34.8"N, 11 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D05. Paratype: SCSMBC030871, 1 spec. complete, mounted for SEM, collected from the same location and time as holotype. Description. Holotype, pale in colour after preservation, conical in shape (Fig. 4A–B). Body length 39.1 mm including paleae and scaphe, width 5.4 mm at cephalic region. Cephalic veil oval, free from operculum, with 12 smooth cirri on anterior and lateral margins (Figs 4D; 5B). Pair of ear-shaped lobes adjacent to both sides of dorsal base of cephalic veil. Buccal tentacles arising from posterior to cephalic veil, long grooved lobes, extending to margin of cephalic veil (Figs 4D; 5B). Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins well developed, with three pairs of long lateral cirri and 17 ventral triangular lappets; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with left 9 and right 10 golden paleae, curved dorsally, acute with extended tips (Figs 4C; 5A). First pair of tentacular cirri extending beyond paleae, with annuli, arising from connection of opercular margin and paleal ridge (Figs 4C–D; 5A–B). Pair of small ventro-lateral lappets present behind tentacular cirri, near cephalic veil, on segment 1 (Fig. 5C). Ventral region of segment 1 covered by ventral lobes of segment 2 (Figs 4D; 5B). Second pair of tentacular cirri long, extending beyond opercular anterior margin, with annuli, on latero-median connecting ridge on segment 2, inserted more dorsally than 1 st pair (Figs 4C; 5A, C). Pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes and a mid-ventral lobe on segment 2; ventro-lateral lobes with three continuous small papillae on the inner portion and a smooth lateral lobe about 1/3 width of ventro-lateral lobes; mid-ventral lobe more posterior with two lobes with many papillae, separated by shallow grooves (Figs 4D; 5B). Dorsal lobe absent on segment 2 (Figs 4C; 5A, C). Comb-like branchiae on segments 3–4, consisting of series of dense, flat lamellae. Branchiae on segment 3 larger and inserted more ventrally than those of segment 4 (Figs 4C–D; 5A, C). Pair of dorso-lateral glandular pads smooth adjacent to branchiae on segment 3 (Figs 4C; 5A, C). Dorso-lateral glandular pads absent on segment 4. Distinct ventral glandular lobes present on segments 3–6, becoming progressively more lateral and broader on segments 3–5 (Figs 4D; 5B). Segment 3 with broad ventral lobe, swelling and higher mid ventrally. Segment 4 with pair of humps near branchiae and pair of ventro-lateral lobes about equal width with hump, separated by shallow grooves. Segment 5 with pair of ventro-lateral lobes and mid-ventral lobe about 1/4 width of ventro-lateral lobes, separated from them by shallow grooves. Segment 6 with pair of ventro-lateral ventral lobe, and mid-ventral partions more posteriorly, separated by shallow groove (Figs 4D; 5B). Notopodia other than those of segment 1 which bear paleae, on segments 5–20 (16 pairs), each bearing two kinds of notochaetae; one winged from anterior row, bordered with serrations along distal portion, short, covered progressively with more spines from about middle to front of wing, on anterior surface; posterior row with stout, long and straight, tapering to an acute tip chaetae, covered with spines from mid-anterior portion to tip, on anterior surface (Fig. 6E–J). Neuropodia, 13 pairs on segments 8–20, each with raised torus with a transverse row of uncini; each uncinus with U-shaped anterior peg embedded into torus, several rows of minor teeth, two longitudinal rows of major teeth, each with about seven teeth (Fig. 6A–D). Segment 21 with pair of major lateral lobes without chaetae (Figs 4E–F, H; 5D, F). Scaphe long ovoidal, flattened dorsally; with five pairs of lobes on lateral-posterior margin including two pairs of narrow anterior lobes with triangle tip and three pairs of posterior rounded lobes; with three pairs of dorsal cirri under margin of the last three pairs of lobes; the last lobe with smooth lateral-posterior margin and a lappet adjacent to mid-line (Figs 4E–H; 5D–F; 6K–M). Anal flap round-leaf shaped, with smooth margin, with short anal cirrus (absent on paratype) (Figs 6E–G, H; 7D–G). Scaphal hooks about 26 pairs, amber, spear-shaped, almost straight, with blunt tip, arranged in transverse row on dorsal margin of scaphe (Figs 4E, I; 6N–O). A small rounded lobe on dorsal margin of scaphe in between rows of scaphal hooks (Figs 4E, H–I; 5D; 6K). Tube not collected. Methyl Green stained body distinctly green on cephalic veil, ventral lobes of segments 2–6, base of 2 nd pair of tentacular cirri, dorso-lateral pads of segment 3, neuropodia, regions between segment 20 and scaphe, margins of scaphe, and the posterior ventral half of the scaphe (Fig. 4A–B). Distribution. Daya Bay, northern South China Sea (Fig. 1). Habitat. Collected in mud in shallow water. Etymology. The species is named after the first name of Jinghuai’s son Jianqing Zhang for he was a lovely boy and gave the senior author some moral support on the taxonomy of polychaetes. Remarks. The new species Amphictene jianqingi n. sp. can be distinguished from other species of pectinariids by the following characters: cephalic veil free from operculum, with numerous cirri on margins; opercular margin with cirri or lappets; comb-like branchiae present on segments 3–4; dorso-lateral glandular pad smooth on segment 3; dorso-lateral glandular pads absent on segment 4; capillary notochaetae on segments 5–20; neurochaetae (uncini) on segments 8–20; dorsal cirri under lateral margin of the last three lobes on scaphe. The new species is very similar to A. alata Zhang, Zhang & Qiu, 2015 collected from the same locality and A. japonica (Nilsson, 1928) from Japan, as all have capillary notochaetae on segments 5–20, neurochaetae (uncini) on segments 8–20, numerous scaphal hooks, but A. jianqingi n. sp. differs from A. alata and A. japonica by having dorsal cirri on the lateral margin of scaphe. Otherwise, dorso-lateral pads of A. jianqingi n. sp. are smooth on segment 3, whereas those of A. alata have a crenulated margin on segment 3. Amphictene cercusa Zhang & Hutchings, 2019 is the other species with dorsal cirri on the lateral margin of scaphe, but differs from the new species by having capillary notochaetae on segments 5–21, and crenulated posterior margin (cirri) on the last lobes of scaphe., Published as part of Zhang, Jinghuai, Hutchings, Pat & Qiu, Jian-Wen, 2022, Pectinariidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the coastal waters of China, with description of new species and new records, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 5151 (1) on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5151.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6630734, {"references":["Zhang, J., Zhang, Y. & Qiu, J. - W. (2015) A new species of Amphictene (Annelida, Pectinariidae) from the northern South China Sea. ZooKeys, 545, 27 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 545.6454","Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps - och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96."]}

Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. Figs 17; 19–21. Material examined. Holotype: SCSMBC030911 (tissue sample sequenced), complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'13.0"E 22°35'30.0"N, 11 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D05. Paratypes: SCSMBC030913, 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°45'15.2"E 22°31'59.9"N, 17 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Apr 2008, sta. DS23. SCSMBC030915, 1 spec. complete, mounted for SEM, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'14.0"E 22°35'29.0"N, 13 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Feb 2014, sta. DS00. SCSMBC030912, 1 spec. complete, mounted for SEM, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'13.0"E 22°35'30.0"N, 11 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D05. SCSMBC030916 and SCSMBC030917, 2 specs, both distorted, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'10.8"E 22°35'34.8"N, 10 m, muddy sand, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Mar 2015, sta. D05. SCSMBC030918, 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°38'49.2"E 22°31'40.8"N, 20 m, muddy sand, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D01. SCSMBC030919, 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°39'49.9"E 22°40'04.0"N, 12.2 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Aug 2019, sta. ZQ056. Non type material examined. SCSMBC030928, 1 spec. complete, distorted, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°31'06.6"E 22°34'31.5"N, 9 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Apr 2008, sta. DS28. SCSMBC030923, SCSMBC030924, SCSMBC030925, and SCSMBC030927, 4 specs complete, distorted, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°31'06.6"E 22°34'31.4"N, 8 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Aug 2009, sta. DS28. SCSMBC030926, 1 spec. complete, but with distorted body, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'14.0"E 22°35'29.0"N, 12 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Jan 2014, sta. DS00. SCSMBC030920 and SCSMBC030921, 2 specs complete, both distorted, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'10.8"E 22°35'34.8"N, 10 m, muddy sand, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Mar 2015, sta. D05. SCSMBC030922, 1 spec. complete, but with distorted body, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°39'25.2"E 22°44'49.2"N, 8 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D14. SCSMBC030914 (tissue sample sequenced), 1 spec. complete, but with distorted body, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 113°48'58.0"E 22°13'34.0"N, 23.8 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang & X. Lyu, Aug 2020, sta. SZ10. TIO908 SUMST09 H08, 1 spec. complete, distorted, Beibu Gulf, 109°05'54.0"E 17°49'15.0"N, 74 m, coll. Xiamen University, Experiment 2, Aug 2006, sta. H08. Description. Preserved specimen pale in colour, conical in shape (Figs 19A–C; 20A). Body length 4.6–28.1 mm (holotype 28.1 mm) including paleae and scaphe, width 0.8–4.3 mm (holotype 4.3 mm) at cephalic regions. Cephalic veil semicircular, free from operculum, with 10–21 smooth cirri (holotype 21) on anterior and lateral margins (Figs 19E; 20B). Pair of ear-shaped lobes adjacent to both sides of dorsal base of cephalic veil (Fig. 20B). Buccal tentacles with long mid-groove, arising from posterior to cephalic veil, extending beyond margin of cephalic veil (Figs 19E; 20B, G). Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins well developed, smooth; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with 11–14 pairs of golden paleae (holotype left 13, right 12), curved dorsally, acute with extended tips (Figs 19D; 20B–C). First pair of tentacular cirri extending beyond paleae, with annuli, arising from connection of opercular margin and paleal ridge (Figs 19D–E; 20C). Pair of small ventro-lateral lappets present behind tentacular cirri, near cephalic veil, on segment 1 (Figs 19E; 20B). Ventral region of segment 1 covered by ventral lobes of segment 2 (Figs 19E; 20B). Second pair of tentacular cirri almost same size with 1 st pair of tentacular cirri, extending beyond opercular anterior margin, with annuli, on latero-median connecting ridge on segment 2, inserted more dorsally than 1 st pair of tentacular cirri (Figs 19D–E; 20C). Pair of narrow ventro-lateral lobes and pair of broad ventral lobes on segment 2; ventro-lateral lobes connected with 2 nd pair of tentacular cirri, separated from these by shallow groove; ventral lobes smooth about 3x width of ventro-lateral lobes, separated by narrow groove. Dorsal lobe absent on segment 2 (Figs 19D; 20C). Comb-like branchiae on segments 3–4, consisting of series of dense, flat lamellae. Branchiae on segment 3 larger and inserted more ventrally than those of segment 4 (Figs 19D–E; 20C, E–F). Pair of dorso-lateral glandular pads present adjacent to branchiae on segments 3 and 4 respectively; dorso-lateral glandular pads on segment 3 more developed than those of segment 4 (Figs 19D; 20C). Distinct ventral glandular lobes present on segments 3–6, becoming progressively more lateral and broader on segments 3–5 (Figs 19D–E; 20B–C). Segment 3 with broad ventral lobe with slightly shallow mid-indentation, about 1/3 width of ventral lobe. Segment 4 with pair of ventro-lateral lobes and a mid-ventral lobe, separated from these by deep groove; each ventro-lateral lobe with a large lateral hump adjacent to branchia and a relatively small and more acute hump off mid ventral lobe; mid-ventral lobe broad rectangular almost equal or much broader than ventro-lateral lobes, with pair of papillae adjacent to corners (Figs 19F; 20D–E). Segment 5 with pair of ventro-lateral lobes and pair of short mid-ventral lobes about 1/3 width of ventro-lateral lobes, separated by shallow grooves. Segment 6 with pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes (distorted), separated by shallow grooves. Notopodia other than those of segment 1 which bear paleae, on segments 5–20 (16 pairs), each bearing two kinds of notochaetae; one winged from anterior row, bordered with serrations along distal portion, short, covered progressively with more spines from about middle to front of wing, on anterior surface; posterior row with stout, long and straight chaetae, tapering to an acute tip, covered progressively with more spines from mid-anterior portion to tip, on anterior surface (Fig. 21A–B). Neuropodia, 13 pairs on segments 8–20, each with raised torus with a transverse row of uncini; each uncinus with U-shaped anterior peg embedded into torus, several rows of minor teeth, 3–4 longitudinal rows of major teeth, each with about seven teeth (Fig. 21C–H), with more longitudinal rows of major teeth on ventral uncini of neuropodia than dorsal ones. Segment 21 with pair of broad lateral lobes without chaetae, each lateral lobe with a transverse row of continuous numerous lappets, size of lappets decreases from ventrum to dorsum (Figs 19G, I; 20H–I). Scaphe long ovoidal (distorted in holotype), flattened dorsally; with five pairs of lobes on lateral-posterior margin including three pairs of narrow anterior lobes, 4 th pair with relatively broad lobes with acute end, and pair of rounded more posterior lobes with continuous cirri on lateral-posterior margins, 1 st cirrus longer than following cirri (Figs 19G–I; 20H–K). Anal flap long tongue-shaped, with numerous cirri on lateral-posterior margin; with long, narrow, mid-dorsal anal cirrus (Figs 19I, K; 20J–K). Scaphal hooks 2–4 pairs (holotype 4 pairs), amber in colour, hooked, distinctly curved dorsally, with acute tip, arranged in a straight row almost perpendicular to dorsal margin of scaphe (Figs 19K; 20J). Dorsal margin of scaphe smooth, slightly arched dorsally. Tube not collected. Methyl Green stained body distinctly green on cirri of cephalic veil, ventral-lateral lappets on segment 1, ventral lobes of segments 2–6, base of 2 nd pair of tentacular cirri, dorso-lateral pads of segments 3–4, ventral region of some neuropodia, regions between segment 20 and scaphe, and ventral regions of scaphe (Fig. 19). Type locality. Daya Bay, northern South China Sea (Fig. 17). Other specimens were collected in Beibu Gulf, northern South China Sea. Habitat. Collected in mud or muddy sand sediment from 8–74 m. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea. Remarks. The new species Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. can be identified by the following characters: cephalic veil free from operculum, dorsal and lateral margins of semicircular operculum smooth, branchiae present on segments 3–4, mid-ventral lobe of segment 4 broad rectangular almost equal or much broader than ventro-lateral lobe and with pair of papillae adjacent to corners, capillary notochaetae on segments 5–20, neurochaetae (uncini) on segments 8–20, with 3–4 longitudinal rows of major teeth on uncinus. Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. is very similar to P. xiukaii n. sp. and P. lizhei n. sp. with regards to the scaphal characters with continuous cirri on lateral-posterior margins on the last lobe of scaphe and numerous lappets or cirri on anal flap. They can be distinguished by the mid-ventral lobe on segment 4, specimen of P. dayaensis n. sp. has a broad mid-ventral lobe almost equal or much broader than ventro-lateral lobe; whereas segment 4 of P. xiukaii n. sp. has a narrow mid-ventral lobe about 1/2 width of ventro-lateral lobes. Segment 4 of P. lizhei n. sp. also has a broad mid-ventral lobe, almost same width with ventro-lateral lobe, but has 5–6 continuous triangular lappets on the mid-ventral lobe. Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. only has a pair of papillae at the corners of mid-ventral lobe. Pectinaria lizhei n. sp. can be easily distinguished from other similar species which are recorded from Chinese waters. Pectinaria torquata Zhang & Qiu, 2017 has a distinct complete dorsal lobe on segment 2, whereas P. dayaensis n. sp. lacks a dorsal lobe on segment 2. Pectinaria antipoda Schmarda, 1861 and P. papillosa Caullery, 1944 have capillary notochaetae on segments 5–21, whereas P. dayaensis n. sp. has capillary notochaetae on segments 5–20. The number of pairs of paleae, and number of scaphal hooks of P. dayaensis n. sp. are significantly correlated with increasing body size (Fig. 22). The number of cirri on cephalic veil of P. dayaensis n. sp. also increases with body size, but not significantly (Fig. 22)., Published as part of Zhang, Jinghuai, Hutchings, Pat & Qiu, Jian-Wen, 2022, Pectinariidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the coastal waters of China, with description of new species and new records, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 5151 (1) on pages 36-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5151.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6630734, {"references":["Zhang, J. & Qiu, J. - W. (2017) A new species of Pectinaria (Annelida, Pectinariidae), with a key to pectinariids from the South China Sea. ZooKeys, 683, 139 - 150. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 683.12272","Schmarda, L. K. (1861) Neue Turbellarian, Rotatorien und Anneliden Beobachtet und Gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 164 pp. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / ia / neuewirbelloseth 21861 schm]","Caullery, M. (1944) Polychetes sedentaire de l'Expedition du Siboga: Ariciidae, Spionidae, Chaetopteridae, Chloraemidae, Opheliidae, Oweniidae, Sabellariidae, Sternaspidae, Amphictenidae, Ampharetidae, Terebellidae. Siboga Expeditie, Leiden, 24, 1 - 204."]}

Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. Figs 17; 19–21. Material examined. Holotype: SCSMBC030911 (tissue sample sequenced), complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'13.0"E 22°35'30.0"N, 11 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D05. Paratypes: SCSMBC030913, 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°45'15.2"E 22°31'59.9"N, 17 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Apr 2008, sta. DS23. SCSMBC030915, 1 spec. complete, mounted for SEM, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'14.0"E 22°35'29.0"N, 13 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Feb 2014, sta. DS00. SCSMBC030912, 1 spec. complete, mounted for SEM, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'13.0"E 22°35'30.0"N, 11 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D05. SCSMBC030916 and SCSMBC030917, 2 specs, both distorted, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'10.8"E 22°35'34.8"N, 10 m, muddy sand, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Mar 2015, sta. D05. SCSMBC030918, 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°38'49.2"E 22°31'40.8"N, 20 m, muddy sand, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D01. SCSMBC030919, 1 spec. complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°39'49.9"E 22°40'04.0"N, 12.2 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Aug 2019, sta. ZQ056. Non type material examined. SCSMBC030928, 1 spec. complete, distorted, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°31'06.6"E 22°34'31.5"N, 9 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Apr 2008, sta. DS28. SCSMBC030923, SCSMBC030924, SCSMBC030925, and SCSMBC030927, 4 specs complete, distorted, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°31'06.6"E 22°34'31.4"N, 8 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Aug 2009, sta. DS28. SCSMBC030926, 1 spec. complete, but with distorted body, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'14.0"E 22°35'29.0"N, 12 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Jan 2014, sta. DS00. SCSMBC030920 and SCSMBC030921, 2 specs complete, both distorted, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'10.8"E 22°35'34.8"N, 10 m, muddy sand, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Mar 2015, sta. D05. SCSMBC030922, 1 spec. complete, but with distorted body, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°39'25.2"E 22°44'49.2"N, 8 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D14. SCSMBC030914 (tissue sample sequenced), 1 spec. complete, but with distorted body, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 113°48'58.0"E 22°13'34.0"N, 23.8 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang & X. Lyu, Aug 2020, sta. SZ10. TIO908 SUMST09 H08, 1 spec. complete, distorted, Beibu Gulf, 109°05'54.0"E 17°49'15.0"N, 74 m, coll. Xiamen University, Experiment 2, Aug 2006, sta. H08. Description. Preserved specimen pale in colour, conical in shape (Figs 19A–C; 20A). Body length 4.6–28.1 mm (holotype 28.1 mm) including paleae and scaphe, width 0.8–4.3 mm (holotype 4.3 mm) at cephalic regions. Cephalic veil semicircular, free from operculum, with 10–21 smooth cirri (holotype 21) on anterior and lateral margins (Figs 19E; 20B). Pair of ear-shaped lobes adjacent to both sides of dorsal base of cephalic veil (Fig. 20B). Buccal tentacles with long mid-groove, arising from posterior to cephalic veil, extending beyond margin of cephalic veil (Figs 19E; 20B, G). Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins well developed, smooth; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with 11–14 pairs of golden paleae (holotype left 13, right 12), curved dorsally, acute with extended tips (Figs 19D; 20B–C). First pair of tentacular cirri extending beyond paleae, with annuli, arising from connection of opercular margin and paleal ridge (Figs 19D–E; 20C). Pair of small ventro-lateral lappets present behind tentacular cirri, near cephalic veil, on segment 1 (Figs 19E; 20B). Ventral region of segment 1 covered by ventral lobes of segment 2 (Figs 19E; 20B). Second pair of tentacular cirri almost same size with 1 st pair of tentacular cirri, extending beyond opercular anterior margin, with annuli, on latero-median connecting ridge on segment 2, inserted more dorsally than 1 st pair of tentacular cirri (Figs 19D–E; 20C). Pair of narrow ventro-lateral lobes and pair of broad ventral lobes on segment 2; ventro-lateral lobes connected with 2 nd pair of tentacular cirri, separated from these by shallow groove; ventral lobes smooth about 3x width of ventro-lateral lobes, separated by narrow groove. Dorsal lobe absent on segment 2 (Figs 19D; 20C). Comb-like branchiae on segments 3–4, consisting of series of dense, flat lamellae. Branchiae on segment 3 larger and inserted more ventrally than those of segment 4 (Figs 19D–E; 20C, E–F). Pair of dorso-lateral glandular pads present adjacent to branchiae on segments 3 and 4 respectively; dorso-lateral glandular pads on segment 3 more developed than those of segment 4 (Figs 19D; 20C). Distinct ventral glandular lobes present on segments 3–6, becoming progressively more lateral and broader on segments 3–5 (Figs 19D–E; 20B–C). Segment 3 with broad ventral lobe with slightly shallow mid-indentation, about 1/3 width of ventral lobe. Segment 4 with pair of ventro-lateral lobes and a mid-ventral lobe, separated from these by deep groove; each ventro-lateral lobe with a large lateral hump adjacent to branchia and a relatively small and more acute hump off mid ventral lobe; mid-ventral lobe broad rectangular almost equal or much broader than ventro-lateral lobes, with pair of papillae adjacent to corners (Figs 19F; 20D–E). Segment 5 with pair of ventro-lateral lobes and pair of short mid-ventral lobes about 1/3 width of ventro-lateral lobes, separated by shallow grooves. Segment 6 with pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes (distorted), separated by shallow grooves. Notopodia other than those of segment 1 which bear paleae, on segments 5–20 (16 pairs), each bearing two kinds of notochaetae; one winged from anterior row, bordered with serrations along distal portion, short, covered progressively with more spines from about middle to front of wing, on anterior surface; posterior row with stout, long and straight chaetae, tapering to an acute tip, covered progressively with more spines from mid-anterior portion to tip, on anterior surface (Fig. 21A–B). Neuropodia, 13 pairs on segments 8–20, each with raised torus with a transverse row of uncini; each uncinus with U-shaped anterior peg embedded into torus, several rows of minor teeth, 3–4 longitudinal rows of major teeth, each with about seven teeth (Fig. 21C–H), with more longitudinal rows of major teeth on ventral uncini of neuropodia than dorsal ones. Segment 21 with pair of broad lateral lobes without chaetae, each lateral lobe with a transverse row of continuous numerous lappets, size of lappets decreases from ventrum to dorsum (Figs 19G, I; 20H–I). Scaphe long ovoidal (distorted in holotype), flattened dorsally; with five pairs of lobes on lateral-posterior margin including three pairs of narrow anterior lobes, 4 th pair with relatively broad lobes with acute end, and pair of rounded more posterior lobes with continuous cirri on lateral-posterior margins, 1 st cirrus longer than following cirri (Figs 19G–I; 20H–K). Anal flap long tongue-shaped, with numerous cirri on lateral-posterior margin; with long, narrow, mid-dorsal anal cirrus (Figs 19I, K; 20J–K). Scaphal hooks 2–4 pairs (holotype 4 pairs), amber in colour, hooked, distinctly curved dorsally, with acute tip, arranged in a straight row almost perpendicular to dorsal margin of scaphe (Figs 19K; 20J). Dorsal margin of scaphe smooth, slightly arched dorsally. Tube not collected. Methyl Green stained body distinctly green on cirri of cephalic veil, ventral-lateral lappets on segment 1, ventral lobes of segments 2–6, base of 2 nd pair of tentacular cirri, dorso-lateral pads of segments 3–4, ventral region of some neuropodia, regions between segment 20 and scaphe, and ventral regions of scaphe (Fig. 19). Type locality. Daya Bay, northern South China Sea (Fig. 17). Other specimens were collected in Beibu Gulf, northern South China Sea. Habitat. Collected in mud or muddy sand sediment from 8–74 m. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea. Remarks. The new species Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. can be identified by the following characters: cephalic veil free from operculum, dorsal and lateral margins of semicircular operculum smooth, branchiae present on segments 3–4, mid-ventral lobe of segment 4 broad rectangular almost equal or much broader than ventro-lateral lobe and with pair of papillae adjacent to corners, capillary notochaetae on segments 5–20, neurochaetae (uncini) on segments 8–20, with 3–4 longitudinal rows of major teeth on uncinus. Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. is very similar to P. xiukaii n. sp. and P. lizhei n. sp. with regards to the scaphal characters with continuous cirri on lateral-posterior margins on the last lobe of scaphe and numerous lappets or cirri on anal flap. They can be distinguished by the mid-ventral lobe on segment 4, specimen of P. dayaensis n. sp. has a broad mid-ventral lobe almost equal or much broader than ventro-lateral lobe; whereas segment 4 of P. xiukaii n. sp. has a narrow mid-ventral lobe about 1/2 width of ventro-lateral lobes. Segment 4 of P. lizhei n. sp. also has a broad mid-ventral lobe, almost same width with ventro-lateral lobe, but has 5–6 continuous triangular lappets on the mid-ventral lobe. Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. only has a pair of papillae at the corners of mid-ventral lobe. Pectinaria lizhei n. sp. can be easily distinguished from other similar species which are recorded from Chinese waters. Pectinaria torquata Zhang & Qiu, 2017 has a distinct complete dorsal lobe on segment 2, whereas P. dayaensis n. sp. lacks a dorsal lobe on segment 2. Pectinaria antipoda Schmarda, 1861 and P. papillosa Caullery, 1944 have capillary notochaetae on segments 5–21, whereas P. dayaensis n. sp. has capillary notochaetae on segments 5–20. The number of pairs of paleae, and number of scaphal hooks of P. dayaensis n. sp. are significantly correlated with increasing body size (Fig. 22). The number of cirri on cephalic veil of P. dayaensis n. sp. also increases with body size, but not significantly (Fig. 22).

Key to genera of Pectinariidae and species recorded from Chinese waters 1 Segments 8–21 with neurochaetae (uncini); anterior margin of cephalic veil with smooth acute triangular anterior end or several lappets............................................................................. Petta Malmgren, 1866 - Segment 21 without neurochaetae (uncini); margins of cephalic veil with cirri..................................... 2 2 One longitudinal row of major teeth on uncini........................................ Cistenides Malmgren, 1866 - More than one longitudinal row of major teeth on uncini...................................................... 3 3 Opercular rim with cirri or lappets............................................... 4 (Amphictene Savigny, 1822) - Opercular rim smooth................................................................................. 7 4 Scaphal hooks 5–8 pairs.................................................... Amphictene capensis (Pallas, 1766) - Scaphal hooks more than 10 pairs........................................................................ 5 5 Pair of dorso-lateral lobes with undulating margin on segment 3............ Amphictene alata Zhang, Zhang & Qiu, 2015 - Pair of dorso-lateral lobes with smooth margin on segment 3................................................... 6 6 Lateral lobes of scaphe with three pairs of dorsal cirri below margins...................... Amphictene jianqingi n. sp. - Lateral lobes of scaphe without dorsal cirri below margins......................... Amphictene japonica Nisson, 1928 7 Cephalic veil attached to lateral margin of operculum................................... 8 (Lagis Malmgren, 1866) - Cephalic veil free from operculum................................................ 10 (Pectinaria Lamarck, 1818) 8 Lateral and posterior margins of anal flap crenulated or with cirri............................................... 9 - Lateral and posterior margins of anal flap smooth with several lappets.............. Lagis neapolitana (Claparède, 1869) 9 Lateral and posterior margins of anal flap with numerous cirri (fringes); scaphe without club-shaped papillae near margins of lateral lobes.................................................................... Lagis bocki (Hessle, 1917) - Lateral and posterior margins of anal flap crenulated; scaphe with 3 pairs of club-shaped papillae near margins of lateral lobes............................................................................ Lagis koreni Malmgren, 1866 10 Segment 21 with notochaetae........................................................................... 11 - Segment 21 without notochaetae........................................................................ 14 11 Anal flap with anal cirrus.............................................................................. 12 - Anal flap without anal cirrus........................................................................... 13 12 Scaphal hooks 4–5 pairs; 60–70 cirri on the margin of cephalic veil.................. Pectinaria aegyptia (Savigny, 1822) - Scaphal hooks 6–8 pairs; 16–29 cirri on the margin of cephalic veil................. Pectinaria antipoda Schmarda, 1861 13 Anal flap with crenulated magin; 3–4 longitudinal rows of major teeth on uncini....... Pectinaria conchilega Grube, 1878 - Anal flap withou smooth magin; two longitudinal rows of major teeth on uncini........ Pectinaria papillosa Caullery, 1944 14 Segment 20 with neurochaetae.......................................................................... 15 - Segment 20 without neurochaetae....................................................................... 18 15 Segment 2 with a postero-dorsal lobe...................................... Pectinaria torquata Zhang & Qiu, 2017 - Segment 2 without a postero-dorsal lobe.................................................................. 16 16 Mid-ventral lobe with 4-6 continuous lappets on segment 4.................................. Pectinaria lizhei n. sp. - Mid-ventral lobe smooth, only with pair of small papillae on corners of mid-ventral lobe on segment 4................ 17 17 Mid-ventral lobe narrow about 1/2 width of ventro-lateral lobes on segment 4................... Pectinaria xiukaii n. sp. - Mid-ventral lobe broad almost same width of ventro-lateral lobes on segment 4............... Pectinaria dayaensis n. sp. 18 Branchiae absent on segments 3–4....................................... Pectinaria crenulatus (Sun & Qiu, 2012) - Branchiae present on segments 3–4.... Pectinaria plurihamus (Choi, Jung & Yoon, 2017) or Pectinaria dimai Zachs, 1933, Published as part of Zhang, Jinghuai, Hutchings, Pat & Qiu, Jian-Wen, 2022, Pectinariidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the coastal waters of China, with description of new species and new records, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 5151 (1) on pages 70-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5151.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6630734, {"references":["Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Koniglich Vetenskapsakademiens forhandlingar, Stockholm, 22 (5), 355 - 410. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 100715 page / 369 / mode / 1 up]","Savigny, J. - C. (1822) Systeme des annelides, principalement de celles des cotes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, offrant les caracteres tant distinctifs que naturels des Ordres, Familles et Genres, avec la Description des Especes. Description de l'Egypte ou Recueil des Observations et des Recherches qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendant l'Expedition de l'Armee Francaise, publie par les Ordres de sa Majeste l'Empereur Napoleon le Grand, Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1 (3), 1 - 128. [http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41329897]","Pallas, P. S. (1766) Miscellanea zoologica quibus novae imprimis atque obfurae animalium species describuntur et observationibus iconibusque illustrantur. Apud Petrum van Cleef, MDCCLXVI [1766], Hagae Comitum, 224 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 69851","Zhang, J., Zhang, Y. & Qiu, J. - W. (2015) A new species of Amphictene (Annelida, Pectinariidae) from the northern South China Sea. ZooKeys, 545, 27 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 545.6454","Lamarck, J. B. de (1818) Histoire naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres, presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent; precedes d'une Introduction offrant la determination des caracteres essentiels de l`Animal, sa distinction du vegetal et desautres corps naturels, enfin, l'Exposition des Principes fondamentaux de la Zoologie. Deterville, Paris, 612 pp. [http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12886879]","Claparede, E. (1869) Les Annelides Chetopodes du Golfe de Naples. Seconde partie. Ordre IIme. Annelides Sedentaires (Aud. et Edw.). Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve, 20 (1), 1 - 225, pls. XVII - XXXI. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2142","Hessle, C. (1917) Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala, 5, 39 - 258. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 38891407]","Schmarda, L. K. (1861) Neue Turbellarian, Rotatorien und Anneliden Beobachtet und Gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 164 pp. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / ia / neuewirbelloseth 21861 schm]","Grube, A. E. (1878) Annulata Semperiana. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Annelidenfauna der Philippinen nach den on Herrn Prof. Semper mitgebrachten Sammlungen. Memoires l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. - Petersbourg, Serie 7, 25 (8), 1 - 300. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 162068 page / 7 / mode / 1 up] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 85345","Caullery, M. (1944) Polychetes sedentaire de l'Expedition du Siboga: Ariciidae, Spionidae, Chaetopteridae, Chloraemidae, Opheliidae, Oweniidae, Sabellariidae, Sternaspidae, Amphictenidae, Ampharetidae, Terebellidae. 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Amphictene jianqingi n. sp. Figs 1, 4–6. Material examined. Holotype: SCSMBC030870 (tissue sample sequenced), complete, Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, Guangdong Province, 114°33'10.8"E 22°35'34.8"N, 11 m, mud, coll. J. Zhang, Y. Gao & K. Chen, Jun 2015, sta. D05. Paratype: SCSMBC030871, 1 spec. complete, mounted for SEM, collected from the same location and time as holotype. Description. Holotype, pale in colour after preservation, conical in shape (Fig. 4A–B). Body length 39.1 mm including paleae and scaphe, width 5.4 mm at cephalic region. Cephalic veil oval, free from operculum, with 12 smooth cirri on anterior and lateral margins (Figs 4D; 5B). Pair of ear-shaped lobes adjacent to both sides of dorsal base of cephalic veil. Buccal tentacles arising from posterior to cephalic veil, long grooved lobes, extending to margin of cephalic veil (Figs 4D; 5B). Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins well developed, with three pairs of long lateral cirri and 17 ventral triangular lappets; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with left 9 and right 10 golden paleae, curved dorsally, acute with extended tips (Figs 4C; 5A). First pair of tentacular cirri extending beyond paleae, with annuli, arising from connection of opercular margin and paleal ridge (Figs 4C–D; 5A–B). Pair of small ventro-lateral lappets present behind tentacular cirri, near cephalic veil, on segment 1 (Fig. 5C). Ventral region of segment 1 covered by ventral lobes of segment 2 (Figs 4D; 5B). Second pair of tentacular cirri long, extending beyond opercular anterior margin, with annuli, on latero-median connecting ridge on segment 2, inserted more dorsally than 1 st pair (Figs 4C; 5A, C). Pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes and a mid-ventral lobe on segment 2; ventro-lateral lobes with three continuous small papillae on the inner portion and a smooth lateral lobe about 1/3 width of ventro-lateral lobes; mid-ventral lobe more posterior with two lobes with many papillae, separated by shallow grooves (Figs 4D; 5B). Dorsal lobe absent on segment 2 (Figs 4C; 5A, C). Comb-like branchiae on segments 3–4, consisting of series of dense, flat lamellae. Branchiae on segment 3 larger and inserted more ventrally than those of segment 4 (Figs 4C–D; 5A, C). Pair of dorso-lateral glandular pads smooth adjacent to branchiae on segment 3 (Figs 4C; 5A, C). Dorso-lateral glandular pads absent on segment 4. Distinct ventral glandular lobes present on segments 3–6, becoming progressively more lateral and broader on segments 3–5 (Figs 4D; 5B). Segment 3 with broad ventral lobe, swelling and higher mid ventrally. Segment 4 with pair of humps near branchiae and pair of ventro-lateral lobes about equal width with hump, separated by shallow grooves. Segment 5 with pair of ventro-lateral lobes and mid-ventral lobe about 1/4 width of ventro-lateral lobes, separated from them by shallow grooves. Segment 6 with pair of ventro-lateral ventral lobe, and mid-ventral partions more posteriorly, separated by shallow groove (Figs 4D; 5B). Notopodia other than those of segment 1 which bear paleae, on segments 5–20 (16 pairs), each bearing two kinds of notochaetae; one winged from anterior row, bordered with serrations along distal portion, short, covered progressively with more spines from about middle to front of wing, on anterior surface; posterior row with stout, long and straight, tapering to an acute tip chaetae, covered with spines from mid-anterior portion to tip, on anterior surface (Fig. 6E–J). Neuropodia, 13 pairs on segments 8–20, each with raised torus with a transverse row of uncini; each uncinus with U-shaped anterior peg embedded into torus, several rows of minor teeth, two longitudinal rows of major teeth, each with about seven teeth (Fig. 6A–D). Segment 21 with pair of major lateral lobes without chaetae (Figs 4E–F, H; 5D, F). Scaphe long ovoidal, flattened dorsally; with five pairs of lobes on lateral-posterior margin including two pairs of narrow anterior lobes with triangle tip and three pairs of posterior rounded lobes; with three pairs of dorsal cirri under margin of the last three pairs of lobes; the last lobe with smooth lateral-posterior margin and a lappet adjacent to mid-line (Figs 4E–H; 5D–F; 6K–M). Anal flap round-leaf shaped, with smooth margin, with short anal cirrus (absent on paratype) (Figs 6E–G, H; 7D–G). Scaphal hooks about 26 pairs, amber, spear-shaped, almost straight, with blunt tip, arranged in transverse row on dorsal margin of scaphe (Figs 4E, I; 6N–O). A small rounded lobe on dorsal margin of scaphe in between rows of scaphal hooks (Figs 4E, H–I; 5D; 6K). Tube not collected. Methyl Green stained body distinctly green on cephalic veil, ventral lobes of segments 2–6, base of 2 nd pair of tentacular cirri, dorso-lateral pads of segment 3, neuropodia, regions between segment 20 and scaphe, margins of scaphe, and the posterior ventral half of the scaphe (Fig. 4A–B). Distribution. Daya Bay, northern South China Sea (Fig. 1). Habitat. Collected in mud in shallow water. Etymology. The species is named after the first name of Jinghuai’s son Jianqing Zhang for he was a lovely boy and gave the senior author some moral support on the taxonomy of polychaetes. Remarks. The new species Amphictene jianqingi n. sp. can be distinguished from other species of pectinariids by the following characters: cephalic veil free from operculum, with numerous cirri on margins; opercular margin with cirri or lappets; comb-like branchiae present on segments 3–4; dorso-lateral glandular pad smooth on segment 3; dorso-lateral glandular pads absent on segment 4; capillary notochaetae on segments 5–20; neurochaetae (uncini) on segments 8–20; dorsal cirri under lateral margin of the last three lobes on scaphe. The new species is very similar to A. alata Zhang, Zhang & Qiu, 2015 collected from the same locality and A. japonica (Nilsson, 1928) from Japan, as all have capillary notochaetae on segments 5–20, neurochaetae (uncini) on segments 8–20, numerous scaphal hooks, but A. jianqingi n. sp. differs from A. alata and A. japonica by having dorsal cirri on the lateral margin of scaphe. Otherwise, dorso-lateral pads of A. jianqingi n. sp. are smooth on segment 3, whereas those of A. alata have a crenulated margin on segment 3. Amphictene cercusa Zhang & Hutchings, 2019 is the other species with dorsal cirri on the lateral margin of scaphe, but differs from the new species by having capillary notochaetae on segments 5–21, and crenulated posterior margin (cirri) on the last lobes of scaphe.

The silicon slicing efficiency and quality of silicon wafer seriously affect the cost of solar power generation and the development of photovoltaic energy industry. This paper proposed an improved cooling and lubrication method using a water tank bath for diamond wire sawing. Compared with the traditional jet sawing with array nozzles, it can be found that the surface roughness is better, no matter the average roughness value, the skewness coefficient, or the kurtosis coefficient, especially in high production efficiency processing. Similar conclusions can also be obtained from the comparative analysis of surface profile distribution and SEM micrographs. This is because the bath sawing can make full use of the cooling and lubricating capability of the cutting fluid, so that the diamond wire can achieve better fluid-carrying effect with the same directionality as the sawing direction into the cutting zone. Furthermore, the service life of diamond wire in bath sawing is longer and wire consumption is lower.

Background To verify the accuracy and stability of the prediction formula based on the ciliary sulcus diameter and lens thickness and to analyse factors influencing the prediction results. Methods In total, 925 eyes from 506 subjects were enrolled in this prospective study between July 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021. Subjects were divided into four seasons, each spanning three months. The target vault was set to be between 300 μm and 700 μm according the prediction formula. The actual vault was measured one month postoperatively. The Bland–Altman test, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and 95% limits of agreement (95% LoA) were used to evaluate the agreement between the predicted vault and the actual vault. Eyes with absolute prediction errors greater than 300 μm were further analysed. Results The mean predicted vaults for the four seasons were 503 ± 99, 494 ± 96, 481 ± 92 and 502 ± 93 μm, while the mean actual vaults were 531 ± 189, 491 ± 179, 464 ± 179 and 529 ± 162 μm, respectively. The predicted and actual vaults of the overall subjects were 493 ± 95 and 500 ± 180 μm, respectively. Of the 925 eyes, 861 eyes (93.08%), 42 eyes (4.54%), and 22 eyes (2.38%) showed a normal vault, high vault, and low vault, respectively. Bland–Altman plots showed that the mean difference between the actual vault and predicted vault overall (± 95% LoA) was 6.43 ± 176.2 μm (-339 to 352 μm). Three UBM features may lead to large prediction errors (more than 300 μm): wide iris-ciliary angle (ICA), iris concavity and anteriorly positioned ciliary body. Conclusions This study demonstrated the accuracy and stability of the prediction formula through the validation of a large sample size and a long time span. Wide ICA, iris concavity and anteriorly positioned ciliary body may have an effect on vault.

The post-treatment of recycling the fine photocatalyst nanoparticles restricts their application. In this study, a new photocatalytic material was synthesized by immobilizing the N-doped TiO

Tubastraea is a genus of azooxanthellate scleractinian corals belonging to the family Dendrophylliidae, which are commonly called sun corals. This genus currently has only seven recognized species. In this paper, we report three new species of Tubastraea, including T. dendroida sp. nov., which has a tree-like colony, T. violacea sp. nov., which has violet polyps, and T. chloromura sp. nov., which has olive green polyps. These species are distinct in their septal structures, as well as their rDNA sequences including the entire ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2, and a segment of the 18S and 28S genes.

Nanobubbles have been reported to have many novel applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. Ethanol-water exchange is regarded as one of the most convenient methods for producing nanobubbles; however, it is still questioned whether this method can produce bulk nanobubbles or not. In this paper, we present a method to monitor the ethanol-water exchange process based on a setup that combines the equipment of the ethanol-water exchange with an apparatus for dynamic light scattering. In contrast to the previous works where the measurements were performed after the exchanges were completed, our method measures the intensity of the scattered light from the beginning of the process to the end. We found that three different stages of the exchange process can be easily distinguished and that the diameters of the particles produced decrease as the exchange time increases. Furthermore, the measured diameters agree very well with a theoretical model presented very recently for the stability of the bulk nanobubbles in the liquid. Based on these findings, we believe that the products of the ethanol-water exchange are bulk nanobubbles. In addition, since our experimental setup provides the details of the ethanol-water exchange process, it can be used to investigate how to control the parameters of the final nanobubbles, such as their size, concentration, etc., which might promote the potential applications of bulk nanobubbles.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Keywords merged in CiteSpace. Table S2. Keywords merged in VOSviewer. Table S3. The merged names of organizations in VOSviewer. Table S4. Top 44 co-cited publications showed by clusters. Table S5. Top 43 co-occurrence keywords showed by clusters.

Additional file 2. Table S1. Metagenomic and 16S rRNA amplicon data of intestines of Alviniconcha marisindica from the Wocan field, intestines of giant land snails, intestines of deep-sea bone-eating, scavenger and predatory snails and environmental samples from deep-sea habitats. Table S2. Annotation and expression levels of genes involved in encoding representative exo-hydrolases in intestinal microbiomes of three A. marisindica individuals from the Wocan site.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The negative and positive control expression of IGF-1R and Livin proteins. (40×, scale = 20 μm).

In this document, we summarize the status and challenges of calculating parton physics in lattice QCD for the US Particle Physics Community Planning Exercise (a.k.a. "Snowmass"). While PDF-moments calculations have been very successful and been continuously improved, new methods have been developed to calculate distributions directly in $x$-space. Many recent lattice studies have been focused on calculating isovector PDFs of the pion and nucleon, learning to control systematics associated with excited-state contamination, renormalization and continuum extrapolations, pion-mass and finite-volume effects, etc. Although in some cases, the lattice results are already competitive with experimental data, to reach the level of precision in a wide range of $x$ for unpolarized nucleon PDFs impactful for future collider physics remains a challenge, and may require exascale supercomputing power. The new theoretical methods open the door for calculating other partonic observables which will be the focus of the experimental program in nuclear physics, including generalized parton distributions and transverse-momentum dependent PDFs. A fruitful interplay between experimental data and lattice-QCD calculations will usher in a new era for parton physics and hadron structure., Comment: 14 pages

Additional file 1. Figure S1. Rarefaction curves for gut microbial samples of three Alviniconcha marisindica individuals from the Wocan vent field. Figure S2. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment network of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The significantly (p-value < 0.01) enriched GO terms of selected highly expressed genes in the intestine of Alviniconcha marisindica are clustered in accordance with their functional category. The connecting pairs of nodes showing the intra-cluster and inter-cluster similarities of enriched terms. The colour code represents different cluster annotations. Each node represents an enriched term. Figure S3. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the intestine and gill of Alviniconcha marisindica. Volcano plot and biological coefficient of variation (BCV) plot of DEGs in the intestine are identified by DESeq2 analysis. The log10 (FDR corrected p-values) are plotted against the log2 (FC) in gene expression. Upregulated genes by twofold or more and with a FDR corrected p-value < 0.05 are marked as blue dots, whilst down-regulated genes (FRD ��� 2 with P < 0.05) are marked in red colour. Figure S4. Photograph of snail Alviniconcha marisindica collected from the Wocan hydrothermal field (WHF) and stored in absolute ethanol. Figure S5. SEM images of radula. Overview: (a) Alviniconcha marisindica (individual 01); scale bar = 300 ��m (b) A. marisindica (individual 01); scale bars = 200 ��m. Central and lateral teeth close-up: (c) A. marisindica (individual 01); scale bars = 200 ��m (d) A. marisindica (individual 02); scale bars = 200 ��m. Marginal teeth close-up: (e) A. marisindica (individual 02); scale bars = 30 ��m.

Genus Tubastraea Lesson, 1830 Diagnosis of genus Tubastraea (emended after Cairns 2001 and Cairns & Kitahara 2012) Colonial coralla firmly attached and encrusting; septa cycles hexamerally arranged and typically inserted with spongy columella; septa arranged /not arranged in a Pourtalès plan; corallum with a rough texture; colony developing from a common basal coenosteum by budding, with clear connection among polyps; columella small to moderate in size and lacks an epitheca., Published as part of Yiu, Sam King Fung, Chung, Sheena Suet-Wah & Qiu, Jian-Wen, 2021, A new species of the sun coral genus Tubastraea (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) from Hong Kong, pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 5047 (1) on page 3, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5047.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5533627, {"references":["Cairns, S. D. (2001) A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 615, 1 - 75. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.615","Cairns, S. D. & Kitahara, M. V. (2012) An illustrated key to the genera and subgenera of the recent azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa), with an attached glossary. ZooKeys, 227, 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 227.3612"]}