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The compressive deformation behavior of the as-cast and as-extruded MgYNi (at.%) alloy mostly composed of long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase was studied by in-situ synchrotron radiation combined with the analysis of deformation traces after compression at different applied stress. The as-cast alloy has random texture, while the as-extruded alloy has a typical basal texture with basal plane parallel to extrusion (compression) direction. Prior to macro-yielding, some softly oriented grains are preferentially plastically deformed, leading to micro-yielding. The micro-yielding behavior of both as-cast and as-extruded alloys is controlled by basal slip, the as-extruded alloy has higher micro-yielding strength than the as-cast alloy. The activated deformation mode near the macro-yielding point is prismatic slip in both as-cast and as-extruded alloys, and as the hard oriented grains dominate in the as-extruded alloy, the compressive yield strength of the alloy is increased from 217 MPa to 535 MPa after extrusion. The kinking activated following the prismatic slip can introduce a large number of dislocations in the as-extruded alloy, resulting in high strain-hardening rate of 3000 MPa, high ultimate compressive strength of ∼800 MPa and plastic strains above 10%., This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U21A2047, No. 51971076 and No. 52001069). The Deutches-Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) is acknowledged for the provision of the beamtime at P07B-HEMS beamline of PETRA III.