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The mathematical knowledge for primary teachers has been guided by policy since the National Strategies Programme was introduced in 1999. Research regarding the National Strategies focussed on the outcomes of the policy rather than in terms of teachers’ mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT). Teachers respond to policy in a variety of ways according to how they make sense of it within their current practice. This paper focusses on teachers’ perceptions of the effect of their policy enactments on their MKT and vice versa. A qualitative methodology included semi-structured interviews in order to explore the perceptions of thirteen primary teachers from five schools in a borough of London. Tension occurred when teachers considered that policy superseded their MKT or they perceived that they needed guidance to teach the new National Curriculum. There are implications for teachers who associate MKT with policy, which is subject to change and therefore temporal in nature. University of Roehampton

Metacognition in science teaching involves processes that include self-awareness and self-regulation. Metacognition enables the teachers to facilitate student learning and to reflect on their teaching in order to enable themselves to improve or to make any changes to their teaching. In particular, teaching activities, especially in the 21st century, do not merely involve the transfer of knowledge and then applying that knowledge into daily life, but teachers need to reflect, plan and evaluate learning outcomes to enhance further in teaching. This study attempts to gain the perspective and implementation of metacognition skills in teaching science in the primary school classroom. The data was collected through a qualitative research method based on interviews with six science teachers in primary school using semi-structured interview protocol. The interview data were analysed for emerging themes, guided by the research questions. Teachers have a similar perspective of the understanding of metacognition in science teaching. Further discussion focuses on the implementation of metacognition in science teaching. This discussion is divided into three aspects, which are constraints faced, overcoming the constraints, and efforts made to implement metacognition in science teaching. Hence, the understanding of science teachers in regards to metacognition in science teaching is important and gives a positive impact towards teaching and learning in primary science teaching.

This study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological theoretical perspective and methodology to explore the outcomes of a Scripture-focussed professional learning program in Israel; the Sion Scholarship Program (SSP). Since its introduction in 2005, four Australian primary school teachers from the Catholic Diocese of Sale were selected and funded annually to participate in the SSP. This study explores participants’ personal and professional response to the SSP, and provides a more substantive research-base to consider whether it is a means for transformative learning. Three themes were developed from a review of literature: Professional Learning, Professional Learning in Context, and Adult Transformative Learning. Mezirow’s (1981; 1990; 1997; 2009) theory of transformative learning informed the design of this study. Three main methods of data collection provide a robust corroboration of evidence: questionnaires, semi -structured interviews (focus groups and individuals), and a participant’s reflective journal. Researcher notes provided further corroboration. Fifteen questionnaire responses were received and fifteen participants from a range of SSP annual programs (2005-2015), were interviewed, ensuring a cross section of responses from different iterations of the program. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Analysis also included a crafted story; a reflective approach enabling participants’ meaning to become clearer through rich descriptions. Results showed that the SSP enabled personal and professional transformation due to immersion in Israel, the dedicated time for study and reflection, and the sense of belonging to a like-minded learning community. Personal faith was transformed and their experience, according to participants, enhanced their teaching of Scripture. Experiencing life in Israel led to a heightened awareness of the need for interreligious dialogue and respect for others. Results also revealed a lack of coordinated opportunity to maximise post-learning potential for participants and other non-program school members. This has implications for the design, implementation and follow-up for the SSP specifically, and for other immersion-forms of teacher professional learning more broadly.

This is a qualitative study with a twofold aim. The first aim is to describe and analyse teachers' perceptions of advantages and challenges with a model for continued professional development (CPD) for primary school teachers. The CPD course was about inquiry-based learning (IBL) in science education. The second aim of the study is to analyse the teachers' thoughts after implementing inquiry-based methods in their own science teaching. The empirical data, in the form of video transcriptions, notes, interviews and results from electronic forms, were collected during and after four separate in-service courses for teachers (N=26). The analysis of the data is done through thematic analysis. As positive results, the teachers emphasised the implementation of IBL with their students and the individual mentoring, which were parts of the CPD model. Teachers highlighted the importance of students' possibilities to make investigations based on their own questions, which proved to have a positive impact on students' interest and motivation. Teachers also saw the importance of their own planning and goal setting. The results indicate that the teachers perceived a tension between having control and relinquishing control, which can become a challenge. Two other challenges were teachers' perceived lack of time for planning and implementing but also teachers' deficient subject knowledge.

We discuss how collaborative relationships may develop in lesson study groups, paying attention to the critical incidents that may arise. This qualitative research study is based on two lesson studies with primary and middle school teachers. Data were collected through a researcher’s journal, audio records of working sessions, video records of research lessons, post lesson reflections, and individual interviews. In the two cases, the collaborative relationships developed as common aims and ways of productive joint work emerged. In the development of these relationships, several critical incidents had a strong influence, in some cases positive and in other cases negative., Analizamos cómo pueden desarrollarse las relaciones de colaboración en grupos de estudio de clases, prestando atención a los incidentes críticos. Esta investigación cualitativa se basa en dos estudios de clases, con maestros de primaria inferior y superior. Los datos se recopilaron a través de un diario, registros de audio de sesiones de trabajo, registros de vídeo de lecciones de investigación, reflexiones sobre la lección y entrevistas individuales. En los dos casos, surgieron relaciones de colaboración con la emergencia de objetivos comunes y formas de trabajo conjunto productivo. En el desarrollo de estas relaciones, varios incidentes críticos tuvieron una fuerte influencia, en algunos casos positiva y en otros casos negativa.

La implicación del profesorado de primaria y de secundaria como investigadores de su práctica docente, considerada objeto de discusión a lo largo de varias décadas, constituye una práctica cada vez más importante en el mundo actual. Los resultados de la investigación sobre el conocimiento y el desarrollo profesional del profesorado apuntan a la importancia de la construcción de nuevos conocimientos, en respuesta a los diferentes desafíos y necesidades impuestos por la complejidad de los contextos educativos. Existe un amplio consenso por parte de los que defienden la implicación del profesorado como investigadores como una estrategia de toma de decisiones basada en la evidencia, la evaluación e innovación de las prácticas. Sin embargo, parece que existe menos consenso en relación con el concepto del papel de docente-investigador/a, así como en los contextos y formas de participación del profesorado como investigador. En este artículo, tenemos como objetivo reflexionar sobre el papel y las perspectivas actuales del profesorado-investigador en cuanto reconstructor de la profesionalidad docente, teniendo como base un marco conceptual formado por lo que designamos los pilares de la arquitectura educativa en el mundo actual. Esta reflexión nos permite concluir que la adopción por parte del profesorado de una actitud investigadora sobre la práctica, debe ser fundamentalmente un proceso sistemático de reflexión y crítica sobre la eficacia de su trabajo, no teniendo necesariamente que obedecer a la rigidez de los criterios tradicionales de la investigación académica. Involving primary and secondary school teachers as researchers of their craft is a topic that has been under discussion for many decades and which has garnered growing importance in today ́s world. A study probing into knowledge acquisition and professional development by faculty fosters the importance of learning and acquiring new types of knowledge to respond to the different challenges and needs imposed by complex educational contexts. There is a broad consensus by those who defend the role of teachers as researchers as a decision-making, evidence-based strategy for assessment and innovation of practices. However, it seems that there is less of a consensus regarding the concept of the teacher as researcher and the actual research context. The goal of this article is to reflect on current roles and perspectives of teachers as researchers in reconstructing teacher expertise using a conceptual framework as an architectural baseline. This thought allows us to conclude that need for teachers to research their craft must, essentially, be a systematic process of reflection and thought on the efficacy of their work and not necessarily have to obey the stringent and traditional criteria of academic research.

Global reforming driven by neoliberal ideas is today reshaping educational systems. This study explores how a national policy incentive, aimed at changing teacher education in Sweden, is transformed and realized into educational practice and how pedagogic discourses are operating in and through the primary teachers’ examination practice in Sweden. The aim is also to explore which competencies are legitimized and thus form the knowledge base for primary teachers. The study is conducted through a qualitative and quantitative, theoretically based, analysis of all examination tasks (n = 322) in the primary teacher education at a teacher education department located at one of Sweden’s largest universities. The qualitative software package Nvivo was used for the qualitative analysis and the statistical software SPSS was used for the quantitative analysis. The result shows that most examinations involve the examination of methodological/didactical knowledge related to teachers work in the classroom (out of horizontal knowledge structures) and that students lack opportunities to practice and show analytical skills, with vertical knowledge structures, in their examinations.

Introduction. Different international organisms, including UNESCO, insist on the importance of collaborative teamwork to face today’s challenges. This skill should be fostered from the early stages of education, and consequently, it is particularly important that Primary School teacher training institutions draw up proposals and implement new practices which include this type of work. This paper attempts to describe how a group of Primary School teachers perceive cooperative learning based on their interview responses.Method. The methodology is based on a qualitative and descriptive approach using semi-structured interviews. The interview content was analysed using the content analysis procedure. The sample included 48 Primary School teachers in the Madrid area who had been interviewed previously.Results. The teachers’ opinions refer to three key aspects: evaluation of the cooperative learning competence; action taken by teachers related to this competence; training received in this competence. The research findings suggest that teamwork is seldom used, and when it is used, this is basically for motivational reasons. The low importance given to this competence in initial teacher training is also mentioned.Conclusion. The results suggest that the potential of collaborative work to facilitate learning and manage diversity is not generally understood.

The use of open problem-solving tasks in mathematics education challenges teachers’ beliefs, knowledge and practices. This article examines the practices of two primary teachers and their 3rd to 5th grade classes during a three-year in-service teacher training project aiming to increase mathematical problem-solving in class. Three lesson videos and two interviews with each teacher were used to provide the data for this study. The results show how different teachers in terms of their beliefs, knowledge and practices during the problem-solving activities can produce mathematically different learning opportunities. Teacher Ann saw mathematics as too rigorous, and to combat this, gave her pupils a great deal of autonomy. Her pupils were encouraged to come up with creative solutions. Teacher Beate emphasized mathematical understanding. Her pupils were guided cognitively and they came up with mathematically elegant solutions. In teaching open problem-solving both autonomy and cognitive guidance are needed. The use of open problem-solving tasks in mathematics education challenges teachers’ beliefs, knowledge and practices. This article examines the practices of two primary teachers and their 3rd to 5th grade classes during a three-year in-service teacher training project aiming to increase mathematical problem-solving in class. Three lesson videos and two interviews with each teacher were used to provide the data for this study. The results show how different teachers in terms of their beliefs, knowledge and practices during the problem-solving activities can produce mathematically different learning opportunities. Teacher Ann saw mathematics as too rigorous, and to combat this, gave her pupils a great deal of autonomy. Her pupils were encouraged to come up with creative solutions. Teacher Beate emphasized mathematical understanding. Her pupils were guided cognitively and they came up with mathematically elegant solutions. In teaching open problem-solving both autonomy and cognitive guidance are needed.

CLIL approaches to teaching are part of the general increase in plurilingual approaches to education. Recent work on CLIL in primary education has shown how demanding this can be for teachers. To better understand the nature of these challenges and their potential impact on teacher wellbeing, this study investigated the situation of CLIL primary teachers in Austria. Data were collected via in-depth interviews and coded in an inductive manner using QCAmap software. The analysis of the data revealed that despite considerable individual variation in terms of how CLIL was put into practice, all the wellbeing of all of the teachers' in this study appeared to be threatened by a lack of teaching material, negative public perceptions of teachers generally, low societal appreciation of primary teachers specifically, and language-related challenges in teaching CLIL. In contrast, the teachers' relationships with their students and their conviction in the CLIL approach seemed to contribute positively to their sense of wellbeing in their professional roles. We conclude with some considerations for practice to ensure all primary CLIL teachers flourish in their professional roles. Els enfocaments AICLE formen part de l'increment generalitzat dels enfocaments plurilingües en educació. Treballs recents sobre l'educació primària han revelat com d'exigent pot arribar a ser l'AICLE per al professorat que l'imparteix. Amb la finalitat de millorar la nostra comprensió d'aquests reptes i del seu impacte potencial en el benestar del professorat, el present estudi investiga la situació de mestres AICLE a Àustria. Les dades obtingudes per mitjà d'entrevistes en profunditat van ser codificades mitjançant el programari QCAmap, seguint un procediment inductiu. L'anàlisi va revelar que malgrat les considerables variacions individuals en la forma en la qual l'AICLE s'impartia, el benestar global de totes les mestres participants en l'estudi semblava amenaçat per l'escassetat de material didàctic, les percepcions negatives d'altres docents en general, i específicament, la baixa estima mostrada cap als mestres de primària per la societat, així com els reptes lingüístics que la docència AICLE comporta. Per contra, la relació de les mestres amb els seus alumnes, i la seva confiança en l'enfocament AICLE semblen contribuir positivament a una sensació de benestar com a docents. Es conclou amb un conjunt de consideracions pràctiques amb la finalitat d'assegurar que tots els docents AICLE de primària avancin en la seva labor com a docents. Los enfoques AICLE forman parte del incremento generalizado de los enfoques plurilingües en educación. Trabajos recientes sobre la educación primaria han revelado cómo de exigente puede llegar a ser el AICLE para el profesorado que lo imparte. Con la finalidad de mejorar nuestra comprensión de estos retos y de su impacto potencial en el bienestar del profesorado, el presente estudio investiga la situación de maestras AICLE en Austria. Los datos obtenidos por medio de entrevistes en profundidad fueron codificados mediante el software QCAmap, siguiendo un procedimiento inductivo. El análisis reveló que a pesar de las considerables variaciones individuales en la forma en la que el AICLE se impartía, el bienestar global de todas las maestras participantes en el estudio parecía amenazado por la escasez de material didáctico, las percepciones negativas de otros profesores en general, y específicamente, la baja estima mostrada hacia los maestros de primaria por la sociedad, así como los retos lingüísticos que la docencia AICLE conlleva. Por el contrario, la relación de las maestras con sus alumnos, y su confianza en el enfoque AICLE parecen contribuir positivamente a una sensación de bienestar como docentes. Se concluye con un conjunto de consideraciones prácticas con la finalidad de asegurar que todos los docentes AICLE de primaria salen adelante en su labor como docentes.

Teacher agency has become a growing research interest in language education, especially at the critical juncture of widespread globalisation, when many nations including Vietnam, the context of the study, have promulgated a new language policy to respond to this transformation. However, teacher agency remains under-examined despite a small number of recent studies. Therefore, it is a critical issue within the field of language policy (LP) since the roles of teachers are evidenced to be fundamental to policy implementation. In response to the gap in the current LP literature, this qualitative case study, grounded in positioning theory, aims to explore how English teachers exercise their agency in response to the policy under prescribed conditions. A group of English primary teachers, school principals, and regional English managers in a province in Vietnam were purposively selected as study participants. Data were collected from multiple sources including in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and documents. The findings showed that teachers were positioned (by the policy and their institutions) as “mere” policy implementers who were expected to strictly follow the mandates and instructions transferred to them. Their implementation was regularly supervised and inspected by their stakeholders (including DOET, BOET, and school leaders). However, in the classroom context, the teachers attempted to adapt the policy mandates according to their interpretations, preferences, choices, and current teaching conditions. Even though the teachers claimed that they conformed to the policy mandates, this conformity did not mean that they faithfully followed all of them. Teachers’ capacity to act was also informed by their previous professional experience, beliefs and teaching passion and specific contexts. Teacher agency enactment was also found to vary across the regions. The rural and island teachers tended to exercise more on negative agency due to their insufficient support, especially that of professional development. The study explicitly theorises teacher agency in a context of language policy enactment. It also proposes implications for policy makers, educational managers and school leaders to facilitate teachers’ active roles in reform implementation.

Only limited research is available on teacher stress in Ireland. This study explores teachers’ individual experiences of stress, the supports they recommend in schools to help them cope with stress and any differences apparent in stress levels based on experience: a) working as a primary or secondary teacher and b) working as a recently qualified or experienced teacher. It utilises interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to do so. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted which suggested that teachers have different interpretations of stress and an influencing factor in teacher stress is the self. The teachers recommended a range of supports to help reduce stress, including support from professionals, collaboration and recreational activities. Although all of the teachers experienced stress to varying degrees, stress levels varied depending on experience, due to a range of different factors. These factors included relationships, lack of control and power, and identity. One recommendation is that educational psychologists collaborate with school staff on the area of stress management.

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link. This paper argues that in order to begin loosening the ties that bind care and gender in primary education, we need to re-examine the knowledge sought and found by educational research about teachers. The focus is primarily on how we understand men who teach. Through an examination of two scholarly texts – Ashley and Lee (2003) and King (1998) – I argue that we must be mindful that our research can effectively produce and reiterate common-sense understandings of men that binds them to the hegemonic masculine ideal. It is argued that mixed-method qualitative research that untangles the layers of context influencing the lives of men who teach is important. The paper also suggests that the study of male teachers' emotions, as at once individual and social, and private and public, can disrupt the rational–emotional binary that cements care to gender and reveal new configurations of the gender order.

This paper aims to examine Serbian primary teachers' job satisfaction as well as the differences in job satisfaction between male and female teachers. The participants were 362 teachers from 57 primary schools in Serbia. Nine dimensions of job satisfaction (Pay, Promotion, Supervision, Fringe Benefits, Contingent Rewards, Operating Procedures, Co-Workers, Nature of Work, Communication) were measured. The results indicate that from the dimensions of job satisfaction, Serbian primary teachers are most satisfied with the Nature of work, Communication and Supervision, while the major sources of Serbian primary teachers' job dissatisfaction are Fringe benefits, Pay and Operating procedures. When it comes to the gender difference in job satisfaction, T-test analysis shows slightly higher satisfaction among female teachers, while statistically significant difference exists only in two dimensions: Supervision and Nature of work. Serbian policy makers in the field of education as well as school administrators should pay close attention to teachers' job satisfaction and its improvement considering that it is an essential to the continuing growth of school effectiveness.

El propósito de este estudio fue investigar cómo un programa de formación continua influyó en las concepciones de los profesores de primaria sobre las actividades prácticas. Participaron en el estudio diez profesores de primaria de una ciudad portuguesa que asistían a un programa de desarrollo profesional, que promueve el uso de las actividades prácticas. Se utilizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas, la observación de las clases y artefactos escritos para analizar el cambio en las concepciones y prácticas de los profesores. Con base en el análisis de los datos, los cambios en las concepciones de los profesores se organizaron en cuatro categorías: estudiantes y el aprendizaje, los profesores y la enseñanza, enseñanza de la ciencia y la enseñanza de contexto. Los resultados indican que la mayoría de los profesores eran capaces de superar sus dificultades iniciales y ganaron cada vez más confianza en el uso de prácticas centradas en el alumno. Sin embargo, un año después del final del programa, los profesores informaron que sus prácticas reales no cambiaron significativamente, particularmente con respecto a la utilización de actividades prácticas investigativas y colaborativas, que se mantuvo ausente o rara. Se discuten las implicaciones para el desarrollo profesional y la investigación adicional. The purpose of this study was to investigate how an in-service programme influenced primary teachers' conceptions about practical work. Ten elementary teachers participated in a Portuguese city in a one-year professional development programme, which aimed to promote the use of practical activities in classroom. Semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were both used to examine changes in teachers' conceptions about science teaching and in their classroom pratices. Data also included written artefacts, such as teachers' written reflections, lesson plans, activity sheets, assessment items and student work samples. Based on the analysis of the data, the changes in teachers' conceptions were organized into four categories: student and learning, teacher and teaching, science teaching, and teaching context. Throughout their participation in the programme, teachers pointed out several constraints related to planning and implementing practical activities. Results indicate that most teachers were able to overcome their initial difficulties and progressively gained more confidence in using student-centered pratices. However, one year after the end of the programme, teachers reported that their actual practices did not changed significantly, particularly with regard to inquiry-based practical and collaborative activities, which remained absent or rare. Implications for professional development and further research are discussed.

The objective of this article is to interpret aspects related to the professional knowledge (knowledge to teach and to teach) present in the Mathematics and Didactics of Mathematics programs of the Pedagogical course of the Normal School of Natal, of the year 1971, which were reformulated in order to implement the training of primary teachers in that school, from that year. The research took as source documents found in the archives of the President Kennedy Institute of Teacher Training (school created from the old Normal School). In our study we identified that the teaching programs were organized with emphasis on the knowledge to teach and to teach, in its conceptual and didactic aspects, to be explored in the formation of primary teachers. Likewise, we realized that such programs contemplated theoretical-methodological discussions updated in the community of Brazilian experts of the time, concerning the knowledge necessary to teach and to teach, so that the teacher in his professional formation could incorporate such knowledge in his initial formation and future practices in teaching., O objetivo deste artigo é interpretar aspectos referentes aos saberes profissionais (saberes a ensinar e para ensinar), presentes nos programas de ensino de Matemática e Didática da Matemática do curso Pedagógico da Escola Normal de Natal, do ano de 1971, que foram reformulados a fim de implementar a formação de professores primários na referida escola, a partir daquele ano. A pesquisa tomou como fonte documentos encontrados nos arquivos do Instituto Presidente Kennedy de Formação de Professores (escola criada a partir da antiga Escola Normal). Em nosso estudo identificamos que os programas de ensino foram organizados com ênfase nos saberes a ensinar e para ensinar, em seus aspectos conceituais e didáticos, para serem explorados na formação de professores primários. Igualmente, percebemos que tais programas contemplavam discussões teórico-metodológicas atualizadas na comunidade de experts brasileiros da época, concernentes aos saberes necessários a ensinar e para ensinar, de forma que o professor em sua formação profissional pudesse incorporar tais saberes em sua formação inicial e futuras práticas na docência.

In this study, the effects of primary education teachers ‘technology literacy skills on students’ success is examined. Using stratified random sampling, the sample of the study was selected among 5th grade primary school teachers in Afyonkarahisar. Data was collected by Information Technology Literacy Survey developed by the researcher, a personal information questionnaire and the 5th grade general performance test which is applied twice a year by the National Ministry of Education. It was found that teachers’ technology literacy skills did not affect students’ success. Education and teaching, instructional technology, the utilization of instructional technology and its effects were further discussed.

วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 9, 2, 44-55

Resumen: En este trabajo se pretende hacer un análisis sobre la formación del profesorado en educación sexual en todo el territorio nacional. Para valorar esta formación se ha recogido información on line de 3760 docentes activos del conjunto del estado, de las etapas de Infantil, Primaria, Secundaria y Bachillerato, sobre la formación universitaria y continua que tienen en este campo. Los resultados mostraron diferencias importantes en la formación universitaria, siendo las mujeres, los/las más jóvenes y los/las que imparten docencia en las etapas de Infantil y/o Primaria (en comparación a los hombres, los/las de más edad y los/las que imparten docencia en ESO y/o Bachillerato) los que manifestaron tener mayor formación. Por comunidades autónomas, los docentes de Castilla y León son los que manifestaron tener más formación universitaria y los de Asturias los que manifestaron haber recibido más formación continua. En el lado opuesto figuran Asturias y Baleares, respectivamente. Finalmente, se aportan sugerencias de mejora tanto en el ámbito de la formación universitaria como de la formación continua. Abstract: The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the level of sex education training of Spanish teachers. A total of 3760 preschool, primary and high school teachers throughout the country completed an on-line questionnaire that inquires about sex education training both during university studies and continuous learning. Results showed differences at the level of university studies. Younger and female preschool and school teachers reported a higher level of training in sex education compared to older and male high school teachers. Moreover, regional differences were found both in university and continuous training. Teachers from Castilla y León showed the greatest levels of university training in sex education, whereas teachers from Asturias showed the greatest levels of continuous training. Asturian and Balearic teachers were on the opposite side, respectively. Finally, suggestions for improvement both in the field of university education and continuous training are offered.

[Resumen] Este trabajo ofrece un estudio longitudinal sobre las opiniones y emociones que tienen los futuros profesores de Primaria acerca de las diferentes materias de ciencias durante sus años de formación docente. Para ello se investigan las diferencias en las emociones en los dos cursos en los que se desarrolla la asignatura del Practicum (2º y 3º). Además se van a relacionar estas emociones con las experimentadas durante la etapa escolar en esas mismas materias. El estudio se ha llevado a cabo mediante un cuestionario a 61 estudiantes de Magisterio de la especialidad de Primaria de la Universidad de Extremadura durante los cursos 2007/2008 y 2008/2009. Los resultados nos muestran que los futuros maestros prefieren la enseñanza de contenidos de letras frente a los de ciencias, e impartirlos a alumnos de corta edad, en un buen ambiente de clase y apoyar sus explicaciones con ejemplos y analogías. Las emociones despertadas al impartir contenidos de Ciencias Naturales son en su mayoría positivas, frente a la enseñanza de los de Física y Química, donde los sentimientos negativos cobran protagonismo, habiéndose encontrado diferencias entre los porcentajes en los dos cursos académicos, pero no entre sexos. Encontramos bastante correlación entre las emociones como estudiante y como docente, aunque se resaltan las emociones negativas en ambas asignaturas cuando eran aprendices de ciencias. [Abstract] This paper describes a longitudinal study of the different emotions and opinions that prospective primary school teachers report for their years of educational training, taking into account the differences between the two years in which the subject of Practicum develops (2nd and 3rd). These emotions are also related with the experienced ones when they were pupils. The study consisted of a questionnaire completed by 61 Primary Education students at the University of Extremadura for two years: 2007/2008 and 2008/2009. The results showed that the future primary teachers prefer teaching Arts to Science, as well as teaching young pupils, in a good environment and supporting their explanations with the use of examples and analogies. The emotions aroused by the teaching of content of Nature Sciences are positive, opposite the teaching of content of Physics and Chemistry where negative emotions become prominence. There are differences between the two years but not among gender. There is correlation between emotions as students and as teachers although the negative ones are more showed as science students.

This paper presents a study concerning Greek primary school teachers’ (n = 162) ideas about the particulate nature of matter and their explanations of physical phenomena. The study took place during an in‐service training course where the effectiveness of a specially designed intervention was tested. A key feature was an approach based on the concept of a substance and its states rather than “solids, liquids, and gases”. Pre‐intervention, the teachers held misconceptions similar to those of pupils. Also, there seemed to be some relationship between the teachers’ particle model ideas and their explanations of phenomena. Post‐intervention, the teachers’ descriptions and explanations were found to be significantly improved, with almost zero correlation between pre‐ and post‐intervention scores. Implications for science education are discussed.

In England, there have been concerns that some primary teachers lack the necessary skills to teach the National Curriculum. The aim of this research was to ascertain the level of confidence of students completing a one-year primary teacher-training programme in relation to teaching in general and teaching music in particular. 341 students from four higher education institutions in England completed a short questionnaire. While almost all teachers had confidence in their ability to teach, only about half were confident about teaching music. There were statistically significant differences in response depending on whether the students played one or more musical instruments. Instrumentalists were more confident, those playing more than one instrument exhibiting the highest levels. Most students believed that more time should be spent on training, although they praised its quality. The implications of the findings are discussed and alternative ways of addressing the problem are considered.

Acceso en: http://aufop.com/aufop/home, La investigación que proponemos pretende identificar y dar a conocer las creencias que sobre la formación práctica universitaria poseen los futuros maestros de Educación Primaria y de Educación Física de Universidad de Granada, antes y después de su inmersión en los escenarios de practicum. Queremos comprobar, además, si se produce algún tipo de cambio o alteración en las creencias previas que los estudiantes llevan consigo a este periodo. De los resultados procedentes del tratamiento estadístico aplicado a los datos podemos deducir que, en general, los aprendices de profesor, antes y después de cursar el Practicum, mantienen una actitud positiva hacia la mayoría de las declaraciones que conforman el inventario. Las evidencias que nos proporciona la comparación realizada nos revelan, además, que el paso por la experiencia de prácticas hace que se modifiquen alteren o reconsideren algunas de las creencias sobre la enseñanza práctica., The research that we carry out seeks to identify and to report on the beliefs that Primary Education and Physical Education students of the Granada University have about the university practical training, before and after their immersion in the field experiences. We also want to confirm if some change or alteration in their previous beliefs takes place during their practicum. From the results obtained through statistical processing applied to the data we can conclude that, in general, students, before and after their practicum, maintain a positive attitude toward most of the statements in the inventory. The comparison carried out also reveals that going through the experience of the practicum makes them modify, alter or reconsider some of their beliefs on practical teaching.

The objective of this study was to know the teachers’ pedagogic competence to manage the teaching and learning of IPA at SD Negeri Tamansari 1 Kota Yogyakarta and MIN Kota Yogyakarta II. The research methods of the study is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. Data were validated by using triangulation. Data were analyzed descriptively. The result of data findings shows that the teachers’ pedagogic competence to manage the teaching and learning of IPA at SD Negeri Tamansari 1 Kota Yogyakarta is categorized “good”. Meanwhile, the teachers’ pedagogic competence to manage the teaching and learning of IPA at MIN Kota Yogyakarta II is categorized “poor”. The similarity of the teaching implementation for both schools is they try hard to develop a democratic teaching and students’ center-based teaching. They have a different teaching method. At SDN Tamansari 1 Kota Yogyakarta, the teachers implement minds-on and hands-on teaching process, that is, the experimental, demonstrational, and observational teaching, while the teachers at MIN Kota Yogyakarta implement theoretical (rote learning) teaching approach. Those differences were caused by some factors, such as: teachers’ qualification, teachers’ certification and professionalism, and the students’ background.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin öğrenci kontrol ideolojileri ile ilgili görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Niğde ili merkezi ve bağlı bulunan köy ve kasabalardaki ilköğretim okullarında görev yapmakta olan 176 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada "tarama modeli" kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplamak için "öğrenci kontrol ideolojileri ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacına dayalı olarak, yüzde, standart sapma, bağımsız gruplar t-testi, tek-yönlü ANOVA analizi gibi istatistik test teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre, sınıf öğretmenlerinin genel olarak insancıl öğrenci kontrol ideolojisine sahip bulundukları sonucuna varılmıştır. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin öğrenci kontrol ideolojilerinin cinsiyete göre farklılaşmadığı, ancak mesleki kıdeme, eğitim durumuna ve görev yapılan okulun yerleşim birimi değişkenlerine göre mesleki kıdemi 1-5 yıl, lisansüstü eğitim yapan ve görev yapılan okulun yerleşim birimi şehir merkezi olan öğretmenler lehine anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı saptanmıştır., The main purpose of this study was to analyse pupil control ideology of primary (classroom) teachers. 176 primary teachers working in elementary schools from Nigde province and its districts constituted the sample of the research. The "survey method" was employed in this research. The data of this research were collected by using the "Pupil Control Ideology Scale". In order to analyse the data obtained, mean, standard deviation, the independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA analysis were used. Results of this study show that primary teachers had "humanistic pupil control ideology" in general. Also, it was found out that there was not a statistical significant difference between primary school teachers in terms of gender. On the other hand, it was found a statistical significant difference between primary teachers in relation to occupational seniority in favour of younger teachers. It was also found out that there were statistical significant differences between primary teachers in terms of educational level and settlement place of school variables in favour of teachers with postgraduate level of education and working in schools in the city centre.

Remunerations for primary teachers along the scale of economic development: convergence or divergence ?The relative distribution of wages at the aggregate level, without reference to individual characteristics, is linked both to structural aspects in local labour markets and the burden of history that makes that profession remains paid differently as compared to others. The teaching profession for the primary school has several characteristics of interest, it is a common profession, nearly one percent of labour force and whose conditions and qualifications are relatively close around the world. This text is dedicated to measure the relative pay off for teachers. Mainly, the position for a national economyon the range of development explains purchasing power for teachers; furthermore the relative position of teacher salaries across other professions presents some links related to economic development, since the teacher salary would be paid less as comparison for poorest countries. On the other hand, the recent dynamics shows that there is a pressure on teachers' wage growth., L'échelle relative des salaires s'explique au niveau agrégé, sans référence aux caractéristiques individuelles, par le contexte de l'emploi comme la pénibilité et la qualification, mais aussi en référence au poids de l'histoire. Ceci fait que telle profession reste, en un lieu, rémunérée différemment par rapport à d'autres. Le métier d'enseignant au primaire présente plusieurscaractéristiques d'intérêt. Il s'agit d'un métier répandu, près d'un pour cent de l'emploi et dont les conditions d'exercice et de qualification sont relativement homogènes. Ce texte a pour objet de mesurer la rémunération relative de ces enseignants. Si à l'évidence la position d'une économie sur l'échelle de développement explique le pouvoir d'achat, la position relative du salaire enseignant présente aussi quelques liens en rapport au développement économique, puisque le salaire enseignant serait relativement moins rémunéré pour les pays les plus pauvres. A l'inverse la dynamique récente montre qu'il existe une pression relative sur la progression des salaires enseignants.