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Soil chemical properties. Data represent means and standard errors from four time points (n = 24). (PDF 11 kb)

A) Daily mean temperatures in 5 cm soil depth in course of the year. The arrows indicate approximate soil sampling date. B) Monthly and yearly mean temperatures in degrees of Celsius in 5 cm soil depth in control and snow-manipulated dry and wet tundra sites. (PDF 315 kb)

Identification of the 30 most abundant bacterial OTUs from dry and wet tundra soil according to SILVA database, their relative abundance in control (C) and snow manipulated plots (S) across the plant growing seasons (June, July, September and October) and seasonal average (SA). Data of relative abundance are expressed as means from 6 (24 for SA) replicates, standard errors are shown in italic. Statistically significant differences between control and snow manipulated plots in the individual seasons are highlighted (DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg correction, p

Venn diagrams showing shifts in (a) fungal and (b) bacterial community composition. Proportion of shared and unique OTUs across four time points is displayed (n = 24). OTUs with > 0.01% abundance were considered as present. D-dry tundra, W-wet tundra, C-control, S-snow manipulation. (PDF 53 kb)

OTU accumulation curves expressed as the number of OTUs by number of reads from sequencing. (PDF 307 kb)

Relative abundance of archaea in prokaryotic sequence pool in dry (A) and wet (B) tundra soil in control (green) and snow-manipulated (red) plots by season and as a seasonal average (SA). The data represent the means with standard errors (n = 6), for seasonal average (n = 24). (PDF 57 kb)

Identification of the 30 most abundant fungal OTUs from dry and wet tundra soil according to UNITE database, their relative abundance in control (C) and snow manipulated plots (S) across the plant growing seasons (June, July, September and October) and seasonal average (SA). Data of relative abundance are expressed as means from 6 (24 for SA) replicates, standard errors are shown in italic. Statistically significant differences between control and snow manipulated plots in the individual seasons are highlighted (DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg correction, p

Heatmap depicting the relative abundances of the 20 most dominant fungal genera in dry (a) and wet (b) tundra soil in control (C) and snow-manipulated (S) plots across the seasons. The data represent mean abundances (n = 6). Statistically significant effect (DESeq2, Benjamini-Hochberg correction, P

Proportion of sequences belonging to different bacterial functional groups in dry (D) and wet (W) tundra soil in control (C) and snow-manipulated (S) plots. The data represent the means with standard errors (n = 6). (PDF 51 kb)

Figure S1. Alpha-diversity analysis (richness and Shannon index) of 16S rRNA gene transcript amplicon profiles (cDNA) and metatranscriptomes in the three copper plots at different times (A13: August 2013; F14: February 2014; A14: August 2014). Figure S2. Picture of the Hygum site in winter during the February 2014 sampling campaing. Figure S3. Rarefaction curves obtained from 16S rRNA gene transcript amplicon profiles (cDNA) and metatranscriptomes in the three copper plots at different time points. Table S1. Description of the Hygum plots location, soil characteristics and weather information (average ± SEM, n = 18). Table S2. RNA-based taxonomic composition of the soil microbiomes depending on copper legacy and sampling time using 16S rRNA gene transcript amplicon sequencing. Table S3. Description of the metatranscriptomes generated in this study. Table S4. MicroResp™ results summary. Table S5. Decoupling of temporal correlations between tested parameters linked to Cu. Table S6. Sample description (season and copper doses), nomenclature and total number of 16S rRNA gene transcript sequences assembled. Table S7. PLFA results summary. (DOCX 6356 kb)

Figure S1. Alpha-diversity analysis (richness and Shannon index) of 16S rRNA gene transcript amplicon profiles (cDNA) and metatranscriptomes in the three copper plots at different times (A13: August 2013; F14: February 2014; A14: August 2014). Figure S2. Picture of the Hygum site in winter during the February 2014 sampling campaing. Figure S3. Rarefaction curves obtained from 16S rRNA gene transcript amplicon profiles (cDNA) and metatranscriptomes in the three copper plots at different time points. Table S1. Description of the Hygum plots location, soil characteristics and weather information (average ± SEM, n = 18). Table S2. RNA-based taxonomic composition of the soil microbiomes depending on copper legacy and sampling time using 16S rRNA gene transcript amplicon sequencing. Table S3. Description of the metatranscriptomes generated in this study. Table S4. MicroResp™ results summary. Table S5. Decoupling of temporal correlations between tested parameters linked to Cu. Table S6. Sample description (season and copper doses), nomenclature and total number of 16S rRNA gene transcript sequences assembled. Table S7. PLFA results summary. (DOCX 6356 kb)