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Assessing the financial performance of a company is important because it can show and measure the extent to which a company's financial condition is through financial statement analysis. Financial statement analysis can be done using several analytical techniques, one of which is financial ratio analysis. This study aims to assess the financial performance of PT. Angkasa Pura I (Persero) using financial ratio analysis. The research method used is descriptive comparative with a quantitative approach. This study utilizes secondary data sources, namely, financial reports for 2018, 2019 and 2020 obtained from the official website of PT. Angkasa Pura I (Persero). The data were analyzed using financial ratio analysis and compared with previous years. The financial ratios used are liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, profitability ratios and activity ratios. The results of the study using the liquidity ratio measured using the current ratio and quick (acid-test) ratio indicate that there is poor liquidity performance from year to year. The solvency ratio as measured by the debt to equity and debt to asset ratios shows that the solvency performance is not good and is increasing every year. Profitability ratios measured using net profit margin, return on equity, return on assets and operating profit margins show that profitability performance is not good and is decreasing every year. The activity ratio shows that activity performance is decreasing as seen from total asset turnover and fixed asset turnover. The four groups of ratios show a declining financial performance from year to year. However, the four ratio groups in 2020 experienced a sharp decline due to COVID-19. Keywords: Financial performance, liquidity ratios, solvability ratios, profitability ratios, activity ratios.

This work is devoted to the preparation of dense Ag+ conductive ceramic solid electrolytes in the Ag6PS5I‒Ag7GeS5I system and to the study of their electrical and optical properties. Using the non-destructive and simple method of optical diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, the value of the optical pseudogap energy of the Ag6+x(P1-xGex)S5I (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0) solid solutions was obtained using the Kubelka-Munk function with the application of Tauc's graphic method. As a result of the performed mathematical analysis and graphic processing, it was established that the quaternary chalcohalogenides Ag6PS5I, Ag7GeS5I and solid solutions Ag6+x(P1-xGex)S5I (x=0.25, 0.5, 0.75) belong to direct-band semiconductors characterized by a forbidden optical transition . The study of electrical conductivity of Ag6+x(P1-xGex)S5I solid solutions (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0) was carried out by the method of impedance spectroscopy, in the frequency 1×101–3×105 Hz and temperature 293–383 K ranges. For all ceramic materials prepared on the basis of Ag6+x(P1-xGex)S5I (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0) solid solutions, an increase in the values of total electrical conductivity was observed, which is characteristic of materials with ionic electrical conductivity in the solid state. Keywords: argyrodites; solid solutions; ceramic; impedance spectroscopy; conductivity; optical properties; optical pseudogap.

The aim of this research is to evaluate the ability of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (LA) to accumulate and translocate heavy metals (HMs) from disturbed soils. The study was conducted on a site historically polluted with HMs, located in Baia Mare, Romania. Soil samples and underground (root) and aboveground parts of plants (leaves and stems) were collected from the study site and analysed for HM content (Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn) by XRF spectroscopy. The potential for phytoremediation of lavender was evaluated according to the bioconcentration (BCF) and the translocation (TF) factors. The results showed that LA efficiently accumulated Cd and Zn. A different partitioning of HM among plant tissues was observed, showing the highest content in the aboveground mass compared to that found in the root (except for Zn). The TF ranged between 0.62 and 3.59, with values higher than unity for Cd and Pb, revealing that this plant is a suitable candidate for phytoextraction of these two trace elements. According to the BCF values, it seems that lavender is able to bioaccumulate high amounts of Cd (6.66), Pb (1.09), and Zn (2.87). Although more research is necessary for conclusive results, our findings confirm the ability of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. to tolerate, accumulate, and translocate high levels of HMs from soil to the aerial parts of the plant.

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGC) is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer, accounting for less than 1% of all pancreatic tumors. Preoperative diagnosis is cumbersome as cross-sectional imaging is often not capable to distinguish between UC-OGC and other pancreatic tumors such as pancreatic adenocarcinoma, mucinous carcinoma or neuroendocrine tumors and specific tumor markers seem to be lacking. Endoscopic ultrasound r `m(EUS) with tissue acquisition via fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or biopsy (FNB) with microscopic HE staining and immunohistochemistry allows for an accurate diagnosis, thus influencing further treatment. We present herein the cases of two patients with osteoclast-like giant cells tumors of the pancreas diagnosed by EUS-guided fine needle biopsy and perform a literature review on the role of EUS-guided biopsy for diagnosis.

In the context of the development of the real estate market in the metropolitan area of Cluj-Napoca, the paper aims at an analysis of the sale value of the buildings in this area. Thus, in order to carry out the analysis, a residential real estate property located in Floresti, Floresti commune, Cluj County, was studied, being composed of: intravilan land with an area of 600 sqm and Family building with a height regime of P+E, having the following description in the land book: Family construction, with a height regime P+E, built in 2014, with a surface built on the ground of 130 sqm, developed area of 230 sqm and usable area of 190 sqm. The construction is divided as follows: on the ground floor - vestibule, living room, hallway, G.S., office, 2 storage spaces, kitchen, room, C.T., garage; upstairs - 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, 3 dressing rooms, hallway + staircase. The approach applied to the valuation of this property was: the direct comparison approach (through the market). Following the application of this method and the results according to the valuation report, the estimation of the market value of the property is 227,000 Euro equivalent to 1,118,000 Ron. The amount was taken over as a result of the direct comparison method because the purpose of this valuation is to estimate the value with a view to the sale of the property. At the time of the evaluation (10.05.2021) it is noticed that the zonal supply is quite high, and the demand is also increasing, thus being an active market.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and there is a need for the development of adjacent markers to assess cardiovascular risk. In this study, we examined the relationship between the areas of abdominal fat compartments, as measured by computed tomography (CT)-based planar measurements, and laboratory-validated cardiovascular risk markers. Methods: Fat distribution was measured on CT scans in 252 patients (M: F = 1.13) who underwent routine abdominal CT, using in-house and commercially available software. The included laboratory parameters were glucose, triglycerides, and the triglycerideglucose index. Results: The visceral abdominal fat (VAF) area and VAF percentage were lower in females compared to the VAF area and VAF percentage in males, (p=0.001, and p Conclusions: Areas of abdominal fat compartments correlate with metabolic parameters in the blood, and in the future, their assessment might be considered when constructing risk scores. Visceral fat content assessment for every abdominal computed tomography procedure might become a surrogate marker for cardio-vascular risk estimation after defining clear cut-off values and image analysis parameters.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the soft and hard tissue supporting the tooth, favoring the adhesion of bacteria that can generate dental laxity and bone resorption. This study aimed to test an experimental protocol for inducing periodontitis which allows a close clinical assessment and to evaluate the effectiveness of a photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol to reverse the associated clinical signs. Fifteen Wistar male rats were used for this study, divided into three equal groups. Tooth scaling, rooting and planning of the first superior left molar were performed in all rats, causing the displacement of the gingiva in order to create an accumulation of plaque. A 5-0 cotton ligature was placed, provoking an inflammatory response removed after ten days. One group received one session of PDT; another group received 3 PDT; the last one represented the control group, with no treatment. Clinical evaluation was represented by assessing the body weight, mobility index and bleeding. A rat grimace scale was used to determine the pain. The results showed clinical aspects of periodontitis and healing tissue proved microscopically. The tested procedure can provide all the key biological factors present in periodontal disease and an option for reversing the clinical aspects.

This study examines the relationship between net-interest income, ESG performance, and bank performance using a multiple regression analysis on a panel dataset of publicly traded banks in the United States. The independent variables are net interest income and Refinitiv ESG score, while the dependent variable is Tobin's Q. The control variables are bank size (proxied by total assets) and risk (NPL to total loans). The results of the linear regression model were significant, indicating that approximately 40.78% of the variance in Tobin's Q is explainable by LNNII, ESG, LNTA, and NPLTL. ESG performance is found to be a significant predictor of bank performance, while net interest income has a mixed relationship with bank performance. Effective credit risk management is essential for banks to maintain their financial performance and sustainability. The findings of this study have important implications for bank managers, regulators, and policymakers who are responsible for promoting sustainable banking practices and ensuring the stability and resilience of the banking sector.

In this paper the evaporator from the air handling units (AHU) is being studied, this being connected to an air conditioning installation with mechanical compression of vapors, existing within the Thermodynamics department. In a previous analysis, the heat exchanger (HEX) was checked to see if it complied with the cooling capacity relative to the heat exchange surface by finding the specific criteria equations. A follow-up to the previous article is to calculate based on the thermodynamic cycle, what happens if the refrigerant is replaced with other new refrigerants in the field of air conditioning in order to improve the performance of the air conditioning system (ACS), finding the refrigerant with a low Global warming potential (GWP) and with an appropriate flammability class. The moisture content of seeds is one of the most important storage parameters affecting their quality. In order to obtain the desired effect, the temperature and humidity of the air must be maintained in the warehouse with an air treatment unit. In this study, it is desired to replace the refrigerant and preserve the refrigerating power from the evaporator, by changing the degree of sub-cooling from the condenser. Due to the fact that the temperature in the ambient environment changes substantially during a calendar year and the condenser of the air conditioning installation has the same configuration, thus the decrease in the ambient temperature will result in the appearance of the sub-cooling process and an increase in the performance of the installation.

Background and aimsPrevious research has proposed that microdosing, i.e., the repeated use of sub-threshold doses of serotonergic hallucinogens, has an impact on mood by increasing emotional awareness. We propose that increased emotional awareness could translate into higher emodiversity, a balanced experience of emotions in which emotions are experienced with more similarity in intensity and duration. We examine the effect of microdosing, the day after, as well as the cumulative effect of microdosing on overall, positive and negative emodiversity.MethodsWe use data collected over a period of 28 days sampled between February to June 2020 from 18 users that already had an active practice of microdosing at the start of the data collection. We assessed emotional states using ESM methods, i.e., signal-contingent sampling with triggers sent 5 times a day. The working dataset has a number of 224 observations days. We used mixed effects models to test our hypotheses.ResultsWhen taking into account the level of average affect, we found that during microdosing days positive and overall emodiversity were significantly lower. No evidence was found for a mediating role of the level of average affect. Higher cumulative instances of microdosing were not related to any of the emodiversity indexes. Participants experienced more “awe, wonder, or amazement”, “ashamed, humiliated, or disgraced” as well as less “joyful, glad, or happy” emotions during microdosing days.ConclusionA microdosing practice may increase the centrality of certain emotions on microdosing days, resulting in a decrease in emotional diversity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study series, which involves a questionnaire survey and qualitative interviews, was to (a) evaluate patient-reported usefulness of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) hypoglycemia-informing features and (b) identify challenges in using these features (ie, CGM glucose numbers, trend arrows, trend graphs, and hypoglycemia alarms) during hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey study was conducted with adults who have T1DM and were using CGMs to assess the perceived usefulness of hypoglycemia-informing features. A semistructured interview study with T1DM CGM-using adults and inductive thematic analysis were subsequently performed to identify challenges in using CGM hypoglycemia-informing features to manage hypoglycemia. Results: In the survey study (N = 252), the CGM glucose numbers, trend arrows, trend graphs, and hypoglycemia alarms were found to be very useful by 79%, 70%, 43%, and 64% of participants, respectively. Several challenges in using these features to manage hypoglycemia were identified in the qualitative study (N = 23): (1) hypoglycemia information not fully reliable,; (2) unpredictability of future blood glucose levels, (3) lack of awareness about how information can be used, and (4) disruptions associated with information. Conclusions: Although the majority of T1DM adults found their CGMs’ hypoglycemia-informing features helpful, challenges in optimally using these features persisted. Targeted knowledge and behavioral interventions could improve CGM use to reduce hypoglycemia.

In this study, the continuous fiber rowing of 12K carbon was electrolytically oxidized by incorporating three different types of electrolytes: Ammonium bicarbonate, Sulfuric acid, and Sodium hydroxide at various concentrations. Upon chemical treatment, the fibers were grafted with 3-Aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTS), a silane coupling agent, to achieve better interlocking and compatibility with the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix. Mechanical properties were analyzed by tensile tests, morphological analysis was carried out through Scanning Electron Microscopy, and spectral analysis was studied through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterizations. The results show that 10% sulfuric acid treatment plus APTS grafted carbon fiber/TPU composites showed an average tensile load capacity of 2528 N, about 39% higher than raw carbon/TPU. The morphological analysis provided compelling evidence for the increase in mechanical properties of modified fiber composites as the interfacial bonding between the electrolytically modified and silane coated fiber/TPU composites was much better than the raw fiber/TPU composites. Further, XPS results confirm that the atomic percentages of Carbon have been reduced, whereas the percentage of oxygen and nitrogen have increased. These compositional changes indicate that the overall interaction between the fiber and the matrix has been enhanced, accounting for improved compatibility between the two interacting phases.

Purpose This paper aims to study the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wall jet of a hybrid nanofluid flow over a moving surface with a thermally convective surface, wall moving with suction/injection. Design/methodology/approach On using appropriate similarity transformations, the governing equations that describe the model are converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. These equations are solved both analytically and numerically using standard two-point boundary-value problem solvers and Chebyshev pseudospectral differentiation matrix method, respectively. Findings These results show that the HNF is heating/cooling with growth of the positive/negative values of the parameter measuring the velocity of the moving surface. The temperature distributions increase, where the thermal boundary layer gets thicker, as the magnetic field strengthens and with an increase in the absolute value of the Biot number. Originality/value The current findings for the HNFs are new and original. They generalize successfully the problems investigated previously by different researchers for the cases of fluids and also nanofluids.

Background: Whether endovascular therapy (EVT) added on best medical management (BMM), as compared to BMM alone, is beneficial in acute ischemic stroke with isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion is unknown. Methods: We conducted a multicenter international observational study of consecutive stroke patients admitted within 6 hours from symptoms onset in 26 stroke centers with isolated occlusion of the first (P1) or second (P2) segment of the posterior cerebral artery and treated either with BMM+EVT or BMM alone. Propensity score with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to account for baseline between-groups differences. The primary outcome was 3-month good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 0–2 or return to baseline modified Rankin Scale). Secondary outcomes were 3-month excellent recovery (modified Rankin Scale score 0–1), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and early neurological deterioration. Results: Overall, 752 patients were included (167 and 585 patients in the BMM+EVT and BMM alone groups, respectively). Median age was 74 (interquartile range, 63–82) years, 329 (44%) patients were female, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 6 (interquartile range 4–10), and occlusion site was P1 in 188 (25%) and P2 in 564 (75%) patients. Baseline clinical and radiological data were similar between the 2 groups following propensity score weighting. EVT was associated with a trend towards lower odds of good functional outcome (odds ratio, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.66–1.01]; P =0.06) and was not associated with excellent functional outcome (odds ratio, 1.17 [95% CI, 0.95–1.43]; P =0.15). EVT was associated with a higher risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (odds ratio, 2.51 [95% CI, 1.35–4.67]; P =0.004) and early neurological deterioration (odds ratio, 2.51 [95% CI, 1.64–3.84]; P Conclusions: In this observational study of patients with proximal posterior cerebral artery occlusion, EVT was not associated with good or excellent functional outcome as compared to BMM alone. However, EVT was associated with higher rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and early neurological deterioration. EVT should not be routinely recommended in this population, but randomization into a clinical trial is highly warranted.

Romanian households could choose schools with one standard deviation worth of additional value added. Why do households leave value added “on the table”? We study two possibilities: (i) information and (ii) preferences for other school traits. In an experiment, we inform randomly selected households about schools' value added. These households choose schools with up to 0.2 standard deviations of additional value added. We then estimate a discrete choice model and show that households have preferences for a variety of school traits. As a result, fully correcting households' beliefs would eliminate at most a quarter of the value added that households leave unexploited. (JEL D12, D83, I21, I28)

Antitumor immunity can be hampered by immunosuppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment, including recruitment of arginase (ARG) expressing myeloid cells that deplete l-arginine essential for optimal T-cell and natural killer cell function. Hence, ARG inhibition can reverse immunosuppression enhancing antitumor immunity. We describe AZD0011, a novel peptidic boronic acid prodrug to deliver an orally available, highly potent, ARG inhibitor payload (AZD0011-PL). We demonstrate that AZD0011-PL is unable to permeate cells, suggesting that this compound will only inhibit extracellular ARG. In vivo, AZD0011 monotherapy leads to arginine increases, immune cell activation, and tumor growth inhibition in various syngeneic models. Antitumor responses increase when AZD0011 is combined with anti–PD-L1 treatment, correlating with increases in multiple tumor immune cell populations. We demonstrate a novel triple combination of AZD0011, anti–PD-L1, and anti-NKG2A, and combination benefits with type I IFN inducers, including polyI:C and radiotherapy. Our preclinical data demonstrate AZD0011’s ability to reverse tumor immunosuppression and enhance immune stimulation and antitumor responses with diverse combination partners providing potential strategies to increase immuno-oncology therapies clinically.

In recent years, the role of microRNA (miRNA) in post-transcriptional gene regulation has advanced and supports strong evidence related to their important role in the regulation of a wide range of fundamental biological processes. Our study focuses on identifying specific alterations of miRNA patterns in periodontitis compared with healthy subjects. In the present study, we mapped the major miRNAs altered in patients with periodontitis (n = 3) compared with healthy subjects (n = 5), using microarray technology followed by a validation step by qRT-PCR and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis. Compared to healthy subjects, 159 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified among periodontitis patients, of which 89 were downregulated, and 70 were upregulated, considering a fold change of ±1.5 as the cut-off value and p ≤ 0.05. Key angiogenic miRNAs (miR-191-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-224-5p, miR-1228-3p) were further validated on a separate cohort of patients with periodontitis versus healthy controls by qRT-PCR, confirming the microarray data. Our findings indicate a periodontitis-specific miRNA expression pattern representing an essential issue for testing new potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for periodontal disease. The identified miRNA profile in periodontal gingival tissue was linked to angiogenesis, with an important molecular mechanism that orchestrates cell fate.

Purpose This paper aims to present the steady dual solutions on three-dimensional flow and heat transfer of nanofluid over a permeable non-linearly shrinking surface with two-order velocity slips conditions. Boundary layer assumption is considered in the mathematical modelling. Authors comprehend from previous studies and papers that the shrinking surfaces are extremely important in current engineering and environmental systems. Design/methodology/approach Using appropriate similarity variables, the full partial differential equations (PDF) are modified into a specific set of ordinary (similar) differential equations (ODE). The resulting non-linear ordinary differential system is then solved both analytically for some particular cases and numerically for the general case using the function bvp4c from MATLAB for characteristic values of the parameters which govern the equations. The transformed mathematical model is analysed using the bvp4c procedure. Based on the given assumptions, this study is able to produce multiple solutions of the problem. Findings The ordinary (similarity) differential equations have two branches solutions, upper and lower branch solutions, given some interval of shrinking and velocity slip parameters. The authors consider here a temporal stability analysis, as they want to establish which of the solutions are stable and which are not. In a distinct paragraph, the authors discuss in detail and present in a graphical manner the effects of shrinking and second-order slip flow model on the skin friction coefficient, surface wall heat flux and dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles. The analysis reveals that the second order slip has a big influence on the flow and heat transfer characteristics. Originality/value The present discoveries are unique and truly new for the research of the three-dimensional stretching/shrinking forced convection flow and heat transfer nanofluids. The nanofluid is a water-based nanofluid (H2O), which contains one type of nanoparticles, namely, copper (Cu). Of course, the analysis can be further extended considering other types of nanoparticles such as alumina (Al2O3). The authors assume that the thermal equilibrium is reached for the base fluid together with the suspended nanoparticles and that the nanoparticles are uniform in dimension and form.

Introduction Cardiac masses are at the attention of health specialists since the development of echocardiography. Even though imaging is an excellent tool for diagnosis, the clinical presentation, risk factors, and hemodynamic status of the patients are important in establishing the diagnosis and subsequent management. The purpose of this presentation is to assess the difficulty of diagnosis in the case of an intracardiac mass and its therapeutic management. Case report A 29-year-old female with paresthesia in the left arm and a systolic tricuspid murmur underwent echocardiography, which revealed a mass of 35/20 mm in the right atrium. Due to the high embolic risk, the patient was referred to the cardiac surgery department and underwent surgical removal of the cardiac mass, which presented the macroscopical aspect of a myxoma. However, the histopathological examination revealed a right atrial thrombus. Conclusion Right heart thrombi represent a challenging diagnosis that involves a multidisciplinary team for the diagnosis and treatment of the patient.

To be a parent or a caregiver in a modern society is a very difficult task, including multiple demands and expectations. Parenting imposes a special role in the life of any couple, especially for the mother, roles which must be learned through personal education, enriched by transgenerational experience. Chronic disease is recognized as a large stressor that affects the current situation of a child and a child’s family. In this difficult situation, the family must go through a process of learning how to cope with it. In the family, where a child has a long-term health problem, there are certain behaviours that hinder the normal functioning of family relationships. According to the experience of many researchers, including my own, there is an indication that a child’s illness often leads to the divorce of the parents. The fathers of sick children are often the initiators of such decisions. The purpose of this article was to find if there are differences in parenting between mothers and fathers of chronically ill children. The methodology is comprised of a review of published articles in PubMed over the last two decades related to parenting when there is chronic illness in children. More than 500 articles related to the topic were found. Obtained results were discussed.

Introduction: Acute thrombosis of the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (mBTS) in patients with univentricular physiology is a life-threatening event. Case presentation: We present a case of acute mBTS thrombosis complicating a hemodynamic evaluation before a bidirectional Glenn procedure for tricuspid atresia. After failed balloon angioplasty and catheter-directed selective thrombolysis, the patient was successfully managed by stent implantation into the thrombosed shunt. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first case of acute mBTS thrombosis treated by catheter intervention in Romania. Conclusions: Even a routine invasive hemodynamic evaluation might be complicated by a life-threatening condition. Stent implantation in the setting of acute mBTS thrombosis could be lifesaving.

Background: Data regarding cardiac damage in Romanian hypertensive adults are scarce. Our aim was to assess hypertension-mediated subclinical and clinical cardiac damage using a post-hoc echocardiographic analysis of a national epidemiological survey. Methods: A representative sample of 1477 subjects was included in the SEPHAR IV (Study for the Evaluation of Prevalence of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk in an Adult Population in Romania) survey. We retrieved echocardiographic data for 976 subjects, who formed our study group. Cardiac damage included left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (defined as an LV mass > 95 g/m2 in females and > 115 g/m2 in males), coronary artery disease (CAD), and LV diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Results: Hypertension prevalence was 46.0% in SEPHAR IV and 45.3% in our study subgroup. Hypertensives had a higher prevalence of LV hypertrophy, CAD, diastolic dysfunction (p Conclusion: The prevalence of cardiac damage in Romanian hypertensives is high. Both non-modifiable risk factors (such as age and gender) and modifiable (such as dyslipidemia and systolic blood pressure) risk factors are independent predictors of cardiac damage in hypertensives.

Although the childbearing is perceived as a normal and happy event, new research shows that psychological birth trauma is, however, a universal and not so rare phenomenon. Traumatic birth experiences can cause postnatal mental health disturbances, fear of childbirth in subsequent pregnancies and disruption to mother-infant bonding, leading to possible impaired child development. The purpose of this research was to evaluate collected data from several obstetric clinics, as well as from primary paediatric settings related to ‘Birth Trauma’ in order to review women with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childbirth. The study is prospective, starting from January 2021 and ending in December 2022. The psychological instrument used in this research is the Intersect Questionnaire, composed of 59 questions grouped in 8 parts. The obtained results from our study confirmed that birth trauma is not a rare phenomenon in our country. Symptoms correlated with PTSD were present as follows: unpleasant memories (2.7%), anxiety (38.54%), panic (6.47%), trying not to remember the delivery (4.04%), self-accusation (2.16%), negative emotions (1.89%), alienation (4.31%), irritation/aggression (1.89%), self-destruction (1.89%), impulsiveness (4.31%), problems with concentration (3.23%), and sleeping problems (21.88%). These results are alarming. It is imperative to better understand this vulnerable period in a woman’s life. As a general conclusion, we must highlight the importance of perceived birth trauma in women, phenomena which has been confirmed worldwide and which must be overcome as quickly and as successfully as possible.

The phenomenon of equivalence has been at the centre of focus for numerous researchers during the past decades, especially in the field of translation studies, equivalence being one of the key concepts of translation theory. However, the concept has also come to be regarded as highly elusive and oftentimes difficult to define and achieve. In addition to this, translation itself is regarded as a multifaceted discipline, which has always been looked upon in various diverse manners. Even though these definitions vary greatly, they do have some common denominators: the reference to the two languages involved in the translation process (source language and target language) and the creation of equivalence between the original and the translated text, in order to preserve the original’s characteristics. In the present paper we attempt to shed light on some of the characteristics of equivalence in translation, and by resorting to a series of theoretical considerations, as well as practical examples, demonstrate how equivalence is sometimes challenging to achieve.