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This research was conducted to determine the effect of work motivation on employee performance, the Effect of work motivation on Job Satisfaction and the Effect of Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance. The population in this study were 75 employees at East Timor Coffee Institute (ETCI), all working on the ETCI campus and consisting of 52 lecturers and 23 employees, with the determination of the sample taking all of the employees currently working at ETCI. This study uses quantitative data with data collection methods using questionnaires. This method is supported by non-participant observation. This study uses an approach variance based or component based by using analysis tools Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that 1) work motivation has a significant positive effect on employee performance 2) work motivation has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction and 3) job satisfaction has no significant positive effect on employee performance.

OBJECTIVE To describe the etiologies, clinicopathologic findings, diagnostic modalities employed, treatments, and outcome associated with cases of septic bicipital bursitis. ANIMALS 9 horses. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND PROCEDURES Medical records of horses diagnosed with septic bicipital bursitis between 2000 and 2021 were reviewed. Horses were included if synoviocentesis of the bicipital bursa revealed a total nucleated cell count of ≥ 20,000 cells/µL with a neutrophil proportion of ≥ 80%, a total protein concentration of ≥ 4.0 g/dL, and/or the presence of bacteria on cytology, or positive culture of the synovial fluid. Information retrieved from medical records included signalment, history, clinicopathologic variables, diagnostic imaging findings, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS Trauma was the most common inciting cause (n = 6). Synoviocentesis using ultrasonographic guidance was performed in all cases and showed alterations consistent with septic synovitis. Radiography identified pathology in 5 horses, whereas ultrasonography identified pathology in all horses. Treatment consisted of bursoscopy (n = 6) of the bicipital bursa of which 1 was performed under standing sedation, through-and-through needle lavage (3), bursotomy (2), or medical management alone (2). Five (55.6%) horses survived to discharge. Long-term follow-up was available for 3 horses and all were serviceably sound, with 2 in training as pleasure horses and 1 case continuing retirement. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Ultrasonography was the most informative imaging modality and paramount in obtaining synovial fluid samples for definitive diagnosis of septic bicipital bursitis. Bursoscopy performed under standing sedation is a feasible treatment option. Horses treated for bicipital septic bursitis have a fair prognosis for survival and may return to some level of athletic performance.

Manusia pada hakikatnya adalah makhluk yang berelasi dan bermartabat. Menyadari hakikat tersebut, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk melihat kasus kekerasan seksual di lingkungan Kampus dalam relasi Aku dan Liyan perspektif Armada Riyanto. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Kasus kekerasan seksual di lingkungan kampus memberikan gambaran yang sangat ironis. Kampus yang sebenarnya menjadi tempat menimba ilmu dan membina karakter manusia justru menjadi tempat terjadinya pelanggaran martabat manusia. Kekerasan seksual masih saja terjadi karena dalam relasi masih terpengaruh konsep patriarki yang melihat perempuan sebagai objek. Akibatnya, perempuan sering menjadi korban kekerasan seksual. Adapun temuan penulis ialah kekerasan seksual di lingkungan kampus disebabkan oleh adanya relasi subjek-objek yaitu relasi yang memandang Liyan sebagai objek, bukan bagian dari Aku. Dalam menangani kasus kekerasan seksual tersebut perlu adanya relasi intersubjektif (subjek-subjek). Relasi intersubjektif adalah relasi yang memandang Liyan sebagai bagian dari Aku. Singkatnya, kepenuhan Aku terdapat dalam Liyan. Relasi ini pula membantu pemerintah untuk merealisasikan peraturan yang telah dibuat yakni peraturan yang bermotif menjunjung tinggi martabat manusia.

Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively assess the prevalence and distribution of degenerative cervical and thoracic diseases with compression of the spinal cord, such as disc herniation (TDH) or hypertrophied ligamentum flavum causing stenosis, by reviewing the literature. Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE to identify articles on the prevalence of degenerative diseases with compression of the spinal cord in the cervical and thoracic spine. The levels of evidence were classified according to the NASS 2005 method. We selected articles containing information on the prevalence of degenerative cervical and thoracic diseases.Results: We identified 358 articles. Thirty-eight met our criteria, with evidence ranging from levels I to V. The prevalence of asymptomatic spinal cord compression lesions was found to be relatively high in elderly people with underlying conditions. Non-traumatic spinal cord injuries are caused by various degenerative diseases involving spinal cord compression, such as cervical myelopathy, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, and ossification of the ligamentum flavum, and are observed in more than 50% of patients with lesions in Japan and the United States, more than 30% in Europe, and more than 20% in Australia. Regarding thoracic lesions, a prevalence of 5% to 10% has been reported for various spinal cord compression lesions such as herniated disc, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, and ossification of the ligamentum flavum.Conclusion: Spinal cord compressive lesions appear not to be rare in the cervical and thoracic spine. The radiographic findings of various stenotic lesions must be well understood and correlated with clinical symptoms before treatment decisions.

Herein, we report for the first time the thermal diffusivity of zinc ferrite/ silver/ silver chloride nanocomposite with a four-fold enhancement in comparison with the base fluid. A systematic analysis of the dependence of calcination temperature and synthesis routes on the crystallinity of nanocomposites of zinc ferrite with silver and silver chloride suiting it for diverse applications was done. Synthesized via the co-precipitation method, the samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray, Vibration sample magnetometer, ultraviolet-visible Diffusive Reflective spectroscopy and Photoluminescence studies. A zeta potential of -31.1mV was obtained for the sample showing good colloidal stability. The thermal diffusivity of the samples as nanofluids was analyzed using the dual beam thermal lens method. The study also envisages the magnetically retrievable and visible light-active nature of the synthesized samples indicating their suitability for photocatalytic degradation of toxic dyes. The work on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue stands out in attaining rapid, efficient dye degradation of 98% within 90 minutes of sunlight exposure in comparison with unblended zinc ferrite nanoparticles even without any oxidizing agent.

Objective Severe infection can lead to organ dysfunction and sepsis. Identifying subphenotypes of infected patients is essential for personalized management. It is unknown how different time series clustering algorithms compare in identifying these subphenotypes. Materials and Methods Patients with suspected infection admitted between 2014 and 2019 to 4 hospitals in Emory healthcare were included, split into separate training and validation cohorts. Dynamic time warping (DTW) was applied to vital signs from the first 8 h of hospitalization, and hierarchical clustering (DTW-HC) and partition around medoids (DTW-PAM) were used to cluster patients into subphenotypes. DTW-HC, DTW-PAM, and a previously published group-based trajectory model (GBTM) were evaluated for agreement in subphenotype clusters, trajectory patterns, and subphenotype associations with clinical outcomes and treatment responses. Results There were 12 473 patients in training and 8256 patients in validation cohorts. DTW-HC, DTW-PAM, and GBTM models resulted in 4 consistent vitals trajectory patterns with significant agreement in clustering (71–80% agreement, P Discussion DTW- and GBTM-based clustering algorithms applied to vital signs in infected patients identified consistent subphenotypes with distinct clinical outcomes and treatment responses. Conclusion Time series clustering with distinct computational approaches demonstrate similar performance and significant agreement in the resulting subphenotypes.

This paper explores education reforms in Kenya. It has presented the concern of education reforms from a historical point of view. An exploration of education reforms has been traced from the colonial period (1908-1963) up till the post-colonial era. The paper is built from both empirical and theoretical sources. The researcher also used both community and school walkabouts to get oral data. Before focusing on education reforms in Kenya and the related challenges, aspects of education reforms in Pakistan, Indonesia, Gambia, Benin, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda and Mali have been discussed to form the basis of literature review. Education reforms in the independent Kenya include proposals of Ominde Education Commission of 1964, the Gachathi Education Commission of 1976 that brought about 7-4-2-3 Education System, the Mackay Education Commission of 1981 that led to the implementation of 8-4-4 Education System, and the Douglas Odhiambo (Taskforce, 2012) that proposed the Competency Based Curriculum (2-6-6-3)(Amukoa,2003), an education reform whose implementation is on-going since its introduction in 2017. The paper concludes that coming up with education reform proposals in Kenya was necessary. However, there were challenges that impeded effective implementation of these reforms, especially the Competency Based Curriculum. These include in effective assessment strategy, inadequate funding, unclear understanding of CBC, antagonism on domiciling Junior Secondary School, teacher shortages, inadequate teaching and learning facilities and parents’ concern.

The conceivably chemical gold of the marine environment is affected by a myriad of natural and artificial challenges. The physical and chemical challenges faced by microbes in the ocean are one among the many myriads of activities that affect marine microbial life. As the depth of the ocean increases, temperature declines, salinity increases, and the availability of nutrients dwindle, pollution from a variety of sources such as recreation, fish culture, and the assimilation and transport of pollution effluents through river can greatly affect the physiochemical and biodiversity of the ocean life. The total community DNA was extracted using the ZR soil microbe DNA Miniprep kit. The amplicon Library was prepared using the reversible terminator sequencing on Miseq, illumina’s integrated next-generation sequencer by Inqaba Biotechnological as per 16S metagenomic sequencing Library preparation. For the determination of pH, the pH meter was used; the conductivity meter was used for conductivity; the salinometer was used for salinity, the heating method was used for total dissolved solids (TDS); Nephelometer was used for turbidity; the filter method was used for total suspended solids (TSS); palintest Nitratest method was used for Nitrate determination; Total alkalinity was determined by the standard titrimetric method; for Total hardness, the EDTA titrimetric method was used; the wet ashing method was used for metals; Hydrogen carbonate was determined by titrimetric method; sulfate and Chloride were determined by turbidimetric and argentometric method respectively. The total read counts from the kingdom across the three zones are 4981 (82.70%), 991 (94.11%), and 45835 (46.64%) for Okrika, Ibaka, and Brass, respectively. The total read counts from the phyla across the three zones are 1222 (21.73%) for Proteobacteria, 221 (21.33%) for Firmicutes, and 14712 (14.97%) for Firmicutes, respectively. The salinity and sodium values were 2.96 and 3.23 and 567.31 and 422.91 for the top and bottom, respectively, in Ibaka. The salinity and sodium values were 13.55 and 12.94 and 1877.68 and 1874.02 for top and bottom, respectively, for Okrika. The salinity and sodium values were 11.65 and 8.51 and 1238.69 and 1338.82 for the top and bottom, respectively, for Brass. The number of bacteria phyla obtained from the sediment was found to depend on the physicochemical parameters (sodium, salinity, pH, etc.).

The Surgeons OverSeas Assessment of Surgical Needs (SOSAS) survey tool is used to determine the unmet surgical needs in the community and has been validated in several countries. A major weakness is the absence of an objective assessment to verify patient-reported surgically treatable conditions. The goal of this study was to determine whether a picture portfolio, a tool previously shown to improve parental recognition of their child's congenital deformity, could improve the accuracy of the SOSAS tool by how it compares with physical examination. This study focused on children as many surgical conditions in them require prompt treatment but are often not promptly diagnosed.We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional community-based study to determine the prevalence of congenital and acquired surgical conditions among children and adults in a mixed rural-urban area of Lagos, Southwest Nigeria. The picture portfolio was administered only to children and the surgical conditions to be assessed were predetermined using an e-Delphi process among pediatric surgeons. The modified The Surgeons OverSeas Assessment of Surgical Needs-Nigeria Survey Tool (SOSAS-NST) was administered to household members to collect other relevant data. Data were analyzed using the REDCap analytic tool.Eight hundred and fifty-six households were surveyed. There were 1984 adults (49.5%) and 2027 children (50.5%). Thirty-six children met the predetermined criteria for the picture portfolio-hydrocephalus (n = 1); lymphatic malformation (n = 1); umbilical hernia (n = 14); Hydrocele (n = 5); inguinal hernia (n = 10) and undescended testes (n = 5). The picture portfolio predicted all correctly except a case of undescended testis that was mistaken for a hernia. The sensitivity of the picture portfolio was therefore 35/36 or 97.2%.The SOSAS-NST has improved on the original SOSAS tool and within the limits of the small numbers, the picture portfolio has a high accuracy in predicting diagnosis in children in lieu of physical examination.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Tanda dan gejala umum infeksi antara lain; gangguan pernapasan akut seperti demam, batuk dan sesak napas. Kasus COVID-19 yang berat dapat menyebabkan pneumonia, sindrom pernapasan akut, gagal ginjal dan bahkan kematian. Angka kejadian dan kematian akibat COVID-19 meningkat diseluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan dimensi jaminan, dimensi daya tanggap, dan dimensi bukti fisik dengan kejadian COVID-19 di Kecamatan Ende Timur, Ende Utara, Ende Selatan dan Ende Tengah. Metode Penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 150 responden yang berada di Kota Ende dengan Teknik pengambilan sampel random sampling dengan cara simple random sampling. Data penelitian diperoleh dari kuesioner yang kemudian dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji chi square, diperoleh hasil ρ value

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ethnomedical knowledge of the population of South Ubangi on Myrianthus arboreus, a plant consumed by chimpanzees, with the assumption that this bio-resource is also used by the population in African Traditional Medicine to treat common diseases. The results revealed that M. arboreus treats 23 diseases in the province of South Ubangi in Democratic Republic of the Congo. Of these diseases, six (anaemia, bronchitis, tooth decay, gastritis, hypertension, and spleen) are the most cited. Anaemia and spleen are treated by all socio-cultural groups. The leaf is the most used organ (48%) followed by sap, roots, stems, bark, flowers, and seeds. Expression (61.5%) is the most used method of preparation followed by decoction, maceration, and mastication. Oral (94.5%) is the most used method of administration followed by body bath, massage, anal and auricular route. M. arboreus is a vulnerable species (Iv ≥ 2.5) in the study area. The diseases treated are influenced by the level of education and the profession of the respondents (p < 0.05). While the mode of preparation of recipes is influenced by the family situation, also the composition of recipes is influenced by gender, age and occupation (p < 0.05). The search for new sources of bio-inspired drugs through zoopharmacognosy may thus allow the development of effective phytomedicines for the health care of humans or non-human primates ex situ. Thus the need for advanced phytochemical and pharmacological studies and the domestication of M. arboreus for its multiple food and pharmacological uses is necessary.

Meats are rich in lipids and proteins, exposing them to rapid oxidative changes. Proteins are essential to the human diet, and changes in the structure and functional attributes can greatly influence the quality and nutritional value of meats. In this article, we review the molecular changes of proteins during processing, their impact on the nutritional value of fresh and processed meat, the digestibility and bioavailability of meat proteins, the risks associated with high meat intake, and the preventive strategies employed to mitigate these risks. This information provides new research directions to reduce or prevent oxidative processes that influence the quality and nutritional values of meat.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive blood disorder characterized by red blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid sickle shape under low-oxygen conditions. These sickle-shaped erythrocytes tend to lyse, aggregate, and obstruct small blood vessels, leading to major complications. The present study aims to investigate properties that may underlie the activity of Drepanoalphaâ, an antisickling herbal formulation developed in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) for the prevention and symptomatic treatment of sickle cell disease crises. The Drepanoalpha® Ethanolic Extract (DEE) is a dry extract (drug-extract ratio, DER, 100/11) prepared from ethanol (96 %, v/v) percolation of a 1:1 mixture of 2 food plants, Justicia secunda Vahl and Moringa oleifera Lam. Sickling was classically measured by light microscopy on diluted washed erythrocytes obtained from homozygote patients; erythrocytes were treated with 2 % Na2S2O5 in the presence of DEE (suspension in 9 ‰ NaCl), 9 ‰ NaCl (negative control) or disodium cromoglycate (DSCG, positive control). For all tested conditions, the sickle hemoglobin polymerization, the Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio, and the median corpuscular fragility were measured by spectrophotometry. The DEE reversed sickling by 89.1 %, comparable to DSCG (87.7 %; 60.3 µg/mL), inhibiting sickle cell hemoglobin polymerization of 77.8 % and 74.4 %, respectively. The Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio was improved by 18.0 % for DEE and 15.9 % for DSCG. The median corpuscular fragility values were 0.602, 0.714, and 0.732 for NaCl 9 ‰, DSCG, and DEE, respectively. The measured in vitro parameters validate an effective antisickling effect of DEE and confirm the value of this improved traditional herbal formulation for the management of SCD.

SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious and dangerous coronavirus that first appeared in late 2019 causing COVID-19, a pandemic of acute respiratory illnesses that is still a threat to health and the general public safety. We performed deep docking studies of 800 M unique compounds in both the active and allosteric sites of the SARS-COV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) and the 15 M and 13 M virtual hits obtained were further taken for conventional docking and molecular dynamic (MD) studies. The best XP Glide docking scores obtained were −14.242 and −12.059 kcal/mol by CHEMBL591669 and the highest binding affinities were −10.5 kcal/mol (from 444215) and −11.2 kcal/mol (from NPC95421) for active and allosteric sites, respectively. Some hits can bind both sites making them a great area of concern. Re-docking of 8 random allosteric complexes in the active site shows a significant reduction in docking scores with a t-test P value of 2.532 × 10−11 at 95% confidence. Some specific interactions have higher elevations in docking scores. MD studies on 15 complexes show that single-ligand systems are stable as compared to double-ligand systems, and the allosteric binders identified are shown to modulate the active site binding as evidenced by the changes in the interaction patterns and stability of ligands and active site residues. When an allosteric complex was docked to the second monomer to check for homodimer formation, the validated homodimer could not be re-established, further supporting the potential of the identified allosteric binders. These findings could be important in developing novel therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Dengue virus (DENV) is an RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus with 4 serotypes capable of causing disease in humans. DENV is prevalent both in tropical and subtropical regions with a high possibility of spreading to close regions. The infection is transmitted to humans by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in urban areas during epidemics in Africa. Outbreaks of DENV 1-3 serotypes have been frequently reported over the course of the years in many Africa countries. Endemicity within the community is by vertical transmission from an infected female Aedes mosquito to her offspring. Diagnostic capacities are limited in the form of rapid test, point of care testing, and ELISA assay locally while PCR, plague reduction neutralization and micro-neutralization assays are some complicated methods. A multifaceted and integrated strategy is expedient to battle dengue fever outbreak in Africa, including highly enhanced diagnostics, improved surveillance and reporting, prognostic modeling, entomological surveys, vector control interventions, and education and public awareness campaigns. As we can’t estimate the exact amount of the virus we have in Africa, we advocate for key action points highlighted by the Accra Expert Conference to be established in all Africa countries in the fight against DENV.

The infant mortality rate is also an important indicator to reflect the state of health status in a society, progress in the field of prevention and eradication of various diseases that cause death will be clearly reflected by the decline in the level of IMR. Thus the infant mortality rate is a sensitive measure of all intervention efforts made by the government, especially in the health sector. The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze what factors had the most influence on early neonatal deaths due to asphyxia in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency in 2021. The design of this study used a case-control research design with a retrospective study approach. The population in this study was divided into 2, namely the case population were all live births that experienced asphyxia and died in early Neonatal and the control population in this study were all live births who had asphyxia and did not die in the 2020 period in the work area of the Health Service. South Central Timor Regency (TTS). The sample size in this study was taken using a total sampling technique, where the entire population was used as the research sample, namely as many as 26 case samples, with a sample size comparison between cases and controls was 1:1, so the total sample size was 52 samples. The results showed that there was an effect of gestational interval (95% CI = 3.20-47.834 p-value = 0.000), history of premature (95% CI = 1.836-20.315 p-value = 0.003) and asphyxia (95% CI = 4.509- 74.539 p-value = 0.000) on Early Neonatal Death in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency (TTS). There was no effect of parity on gestational age (p-value=0.213), anemia (p-value=0.432), Long Parturition (p-value=0.201) and ANC visits (p-value=0.211 on Early Neonatal Mortality in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency (TTS) The most dominant variable and the most influential on the incidence of Early Neonatal mortality is the Asphyxia variable.

This article deals with the ontological philosophy of Martin Heidegger in the context of discovering the meaning of liturgical symbols, specifically one of liturgical music and chant in the Catholic Church. The aim of this study is to explain the symbolic meaning of liturgical music and chant and to reflect on its relevance in enriching the liturgical capacity of the faithful. The paper is intended as a literature review. The author reviews Louis-Marie Chauvet's book, Symbol and Sacrament, as well as other works about Heidegger's philosophy, such as the writings of Armada Riyanto. This study finds that liturgical symbols, such as music and chants performed in the liturgy, are not merely entertainment to please the eyes and ears of the people. These are symbols that transmit the content and the message of faith. The performance of liturgical symbols can help people understand and experience the strength and beauty of liturgical celebrations.

This study examines the determinants of health-seeking culture among women of reproductive age in the Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria. The determinants identified in this study were belief systems, level of education, cost of healthcare services, and Proximity. The researcher used the descriptive survey design to sample the opinion of representatives and get a detailed description of the health-seeking culture of women of childbearing age using quantitative and qualitative data. Six hundred (600) women of childbearing age were sampled from residents in the Calabar Metropolis. Both quantitative and qualitative data were retrieved using the research questionnaire and in-depth interview schedule. The retrieved quantitative data (586) were subjected to frequency and percentage counts, and simple linear regression at a significance level of 0.05. In contrast, the qualitative data were transcribed to supplement the quantitative responses. In addition, the transcribed qualitative data were analysed by the researcher into themes based on the research objectives. The findings indicate that: there is a significant relationship between belief system and health-seeking culture among women of childbearing age; there is a substantial relationship between the level of education and health-seeking culture of women of childbearing age; the cost of healthcare has a meaningful relationship with the health-seeking culture of women of childbearing age, and there is a significant relationship between Proximity to healthcare facilities and health-seeking culture of women of childbearing age. The study concludes that women's health-seeking behaviour is significantly retrained by beliefs, education levels, cost, and Proximity. Based on this finding, it is recommended that people's opinions be strongly considered and instilled in healthcare practice. Also, reproductive health awareness should be created using various social media platforms to address issues arising from self-medication

The aim of this study is to measure oxalic and phytic acids from the leaves of Lippia multiflora and to evaluate their anti-sickle cell activity in silico. The histological characterization of the leaves of L. multiflora was performed by optical micrography. Theseanti-nutritional factors oxalic acid and phytic acid were determined by the standard method. Discovery Studio, ChemDraw and Autodock Vina software were used in molecular modeling. The pharmacokinetic and toxicological profile was evaluated using the bioinformatics descriptor SWISSADME. Histological analysis shows that fibres, sclerites and suber fragments are characteristic tissues of L. multiflora leaves. These leaves contain oxalic acid (insoluble oxalates: 51.457±27.653 mg/100 g DM; total oxalates: 59.483±0.704 mg/100 g MS; calcium oxalates: 0.216±0.0021 mg/100 g MS) and phytic acid (18.400±5.062 mg/100 g MS). Oxalic acid interacts more effectively with 2,3-diphospgoglycerate mutase (ΔG=-5.30±0.03 kcal/mol) while phytic acid interacts more strongly with deoxyhemoglobin S (ΔG=-9.30±0.01 kcal/mol) in silico. Phytic acid interacts with deoxyhemoglobin S by two hydrogen bonds (Arginine 31 and Lysine 120) while oxalic acid forms five hydrogen bonds with 2,3-DPG mutase (Arginine 10, Asparagine 17; Arginine 62; Histidine 188 and Glycine 189). The pharmacopharmacokinetic profile shows that these compounds do not inhibit cytochrome P450 complex enzymes and are not toxic. Both compounds represent added value for L. multiflora in the symptomatic treatment of sickle cell disease. In addition to attenuating hypersideremia, they can inhibit erythrocyte sickle formation via interaction with both protein receptors.

Community health workers appropriately trained on Integrated Community Case Management (ICCM) of childhood illnesses can correctly treat children below 5 years who have pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria. In Benue State, Nigeria, primary healthcare workers care for most children at community level, as such they need to be trained on ICCM. The objective of this study was to find out if training of primary healthcare workers in Vandeikya, North-East Zone of Benue State can improve their knowledge on ICCM. In Benue North-East, Vandeikya Local Government Area (LGA) was randomly selected out of seven LGAs. Health Officers’ in-charge of 30 Primary HealthCare Clinics were selected and trained based on our adapted ICCM training manual. The Pre- and Post-training assessment test for this study was designed based on the training manual. Paired sample t-test was conducted to find out if there was any significant difference in the knowledge of primary health care workers before and after receiving training. There was statistical difference in pre-training scores (X = 142.100, S1 = 25.925) and post-training scores (X =177.600, S2 =13.587) at (t=6.643, P=0.000). This result strongly indicated that the teaching intervention has improved the knowledge of the Primary Health Care workers on ICCM in Vandeikya LGA.

Kemandirian belajar dan motivasi belajar sangat penting terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa. Banyak upaya telah dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan prestasi mahasiswa Prodi DIII Keperawatan Universitas Timor namun hasilnya belum sesuai yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kemandirian belajar dan motivasi belajar dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa Prodi DIII Keperawatan Unimor. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel adalah mahasiswa Prodi DIII Keperawatan Unimor, direkrut secara total sampling sebanyak 46 orang. Hasil menunjukkan empat puluh enam mahasiswa Prodi DIII Keperawatan Universitas timor menyelesaikan kuesioner yang berisi skala likert 1-5 untuk kemandirian belajar dan motivasi belajar. Prestasi akademik mahasiswa diperoleh dari bagian akademik Prodi DIII Keperawatan. Analisis Pearson Chi-Square pada alfa 0.05 menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara kemandirian belajar dan motivasi belajar dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa [p-value > 0,05]. Kesimpulan tidak ada hubungan antara kemandirian belajar dan motivasi belajar dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa Prodi DIII Keperawatan Universitas Timor.

The air continues to be an extremely substantial part of survival on earth. Air pollution poses a critical risk to humans and the environment. Using sensor-based structures, we can get air pollutant data in real-time. However, the sensors rely upon limited-battery sources that are immaterial to be alternated repeatedly amid extensive broadcast costs associated with real-time applications like air quality monitoring. Consequently, air quality sensor-based monitoring structures are lifetime-constrained and prone to the untimely loss of connectivity. Effective energy administration measures must therefore be implemented to handle the outlay of power dissipation. In this study, the authors propose outdoor air quality monitoring using a sensor network with an enhanced lifetime-enhancing cooperative data gathering and relaying algorithm (E-LCDGRA). LCDGRA is a cluster-based cooperative event-driven routing scheme with dedicated relay allocation mechanisms that tackle the problems of event-driven clustered WSNs with immobile gateways. The adapted variant, named E-LCDGRA, enhances the LCDGRA algorithm by incorporating a non-beaconaided CSMA layer-2 un-slotted protocol with a back-off mechanism. The performance of the proposed E-LCDGRA is examined with other classical gathering schemes, including IEESEP and CERP, in terms of average lifetime, energy consumption, and delay

The main focus of this article is to explore the wealth of intersubjective values contained in activities réis, ruis, raés, raos Manggarai people. The goal to be achieved is to make local wisdom réis, ruis, raés, raos as a presentation of philosophical thought that contributes to the civilization of rationality of the Indonesian nation. The concept of intersubjectivity in activities réis, ruis, raés, raos occurs because the relationship that is built based on these four activities will become a relationship that is intimate, harmonious, constructive, equal, parallel, and humane-human. To understand and study culture réis, ruis, raés, raos, this article uses Gabriel Marcel's concept of intersubjectivity. The research methodology used is qualitative research with a literature study approach. This study found that réis, ruis, raés, raos are frames of Intersubjective relations of the Manggaraian people. This research contributes to how to overcome the phenomenon of individualism that is rife in the lives of the Manggarai people today due to the lack of exploration and deep meaning of the intersubjective values contained in the activities of réis, ruis, raés, and raos.

Objectives: Freshwater resources are essential to livelihoods because of the ecosystem services they provide. However rivers flowing through residential and agricultural areas are susceptible to contamination, affecting these services. It is essential to ascertain the level of confidence of residents in the use of the said river resources. The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions of the communities on the health risks associated with the use of the River Nyong in Cameroon. Methods: 140 semi-structured questionnaires were administered to users of the river in Akonolinga, Cameroon. Data were analysed in the SPSS version 21 statistical package at α = 0.05. Results: Some respondents (11.4%) do laundry in the River Nyong. Few (17.6%) bathe in the river while a majority (88.1%) consumes fish from it. A majority of respondents (78.6%) get sick and are hospitalised between 1 and 3 times annually. Food poisoning and waterborne diseases occur between 20 to 30 times annually in at least 22.2% of the respondents, and symptoms include stomach ache (54.8%), diarrhoea (41.9%) and rashes (17.2%). There is a strong association between the method of preparing fish before consumption and the number of annual hospital visits (Χ2 = 18.073, p = 0.006). Conclusion: While respondents’ perceptions of the health risks associated with exposure to the water and fish from the river are strong, we did not find a causal association between the risk factors studied and the health risk indicators.

Pseudo-progression and flare-up phenomena constitute a novel diagnostic challenge in the follow-up of patients treated with immune-oncology drugs. We present a case study on pulmonary flare-up after Idecabtagen Vicleucel (Ide-cel), a BCMA targeting CAR T-cell therapy, and used single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) to identify a Th17.1 driven autoimmune mechanism as the biological underpinning of this phenomenon. By integrating datasets of various lung pathological conditions, we revealed transcriptomic similarities between post CAR T pulmonary lesions and sarcoidosis. Furthermore, we explored a noninvasive PET based diagnostic approach and showed that tracers binding to CXCR4 complement FDG PET imaging in this setting, allowing discrimination between immune-mediated changes and true relapse after CAR T-cell treatment. In conclusion, our study highlights a Th17.1 driven autoimmune phenomenon after CAR T, which may be misinterpreted as disease relapse, and that imaging with multiple PET tracers and scRNA-seq could help in this diagnostic dilemma.

Kaum muda adalah generasi penerus Gereja dan Bangsa. Salah satu bentuk pembinaan kaum muda adalah kegiaatan katekese kaum muda,yang bertujuan membawa kaum muda pada pengenalan akan Yesus Kristus, agar kaum muda mampu menghayati dan mengaktualisasikan imannya dalam kehidupan mengereja maupun dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Stasi St. Fransiskus Asisi ini adalah salah satu stasi yang berada di Paroki Santa Maria Asumpta Keuskupan Tanjung Selor, Kalimantan utara. Berdasarkan wawancara secara langsung dan penulis turut terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan kaum muda yang sangat membantu pertumbuhan iman mereka namun dengan perkembangan zaman mengakibatkan perubahan terhadap kaum muda di Stasi St. Fransiskus Asisi, yang mana membawa budaya-budaya baru masuk, yang menyebabkan kaum muda tersebut terjerumus dalam perbuatan-perbuatan yang negatif. Situasi ini kini menjadi perhatian besar bagi orangtua, Pastor Paroki dan masyarakat setempat. Dari hasil uji coba penilaian produk dan bahan katekese yang telah diuji coba menunjukkan mayoritas adalah A, B dan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa bahan yang diujikan baik. Adapun presentase pada nilai A pada setiap tema.

Manusia pada tahun 2020 ini telah memasuki millennium ke-3 di abad ke-21, dimana manusia telah mengalami banyak perkembangan di berbagai spek kehidupannya. Terutama dalam hal teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, tampak nyata mengalami perkembangan yang pesat dimana teknologi disajikan dalam multimedia yang canggih. Hadirnya media komunikasi memudahkan informasi diakses dalam waktu yang relatif singkat dan didukung gambar serta suara yang nyata, sehingga mampu menggambarkan keadaan yang terjadi pada sebuah peristiwa. Gereja sangat terbuka dengan munculnya hal-hal baru di dunia media komunikasi sosial,sehingga para pemimpin Gereja tidak hanya bersyukur karena perkembangan media komunikasi yang memberikan sumbangan besar manusia dalam berkomunikasi atau dalam menyebarkan pikiran, ungkapan, gambaran, informasi, dan publisitas, tetapi juga melihat adanya peluang dan terobosan baru untuk mendukung karya Gereja, terutama karya Evangelisasi. Bapa Gereja menganjurkan umat sekalian sebagai Gereja untuk dapat memanfaatkan berbagai media komunikasi sosial untuk karya pewartaan, kesaksian,dan dialog kepada semua orang demi keselamatan manusia.

Bina Iman Anak Katolik adalah salah satu pendampingan bina iman bagi anak-anak usia dini yang mendekatkan anak kepada Sabda Allah sendiri, melalui Bina Iman Anak Katolik jati diri anak akan bertumbuh sesuai dengan Sabda Allah. Tujuan kegiatan Bina Iman Anak Katolik adalah sebagai salah satu bentuk usaha Gereja untuk membantu keluarga dalam mengembangkan iman anak. Melalui penelitian kali ini akan mendalami beberapa Aspek yang sangat berpengaruh untuk proses pendalaman iman anak usia dini yang dilaksanakan Gereja, guna mendidik dan mengembangkan iman anak agar bertumbuh sesuai dengan Sabda Allah itu Sendiri. Dalam Pembahasan akan dijelaskan apa saja pengaruh dari Bina Iman Anak Katolik terhadap iman anak usia dini dan bagaimana pelaksanaannya sehingga dapat membantu perkembangan iman anak usia dini yang selalu rutin dilaksanakan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam bentuk eksplorasi kepustakaan, kemudian menghubungkannya dengan studi kasus kegiatan Bina Iman Anak Katolik di Stasi St. Teresia Juhar Baru.

Guru adalah orang dewasa yang secara sadar bertanggung jawab dalam mendidik, mengajar, dan membimbing peserta didik. Kompetensi guru adalah salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran dan pendidikan di sekolah, namun kompetensi tidak berdiri sendiri, tetapi dipengaruhi oleh latar belakang pendidikan dan pelatihan, pengalaman mengajar, dan lamanya mengajar. Artinya dengan latar belakang pendidikan keguruan seorang yang berpredikat sebagai guru tahu dan paham dengan baik profesi keguruan yang diembannya. Ia akan bertumbuh dan berkembang dalam profesi keguruan jika secara berkala dan terprogram terus mengasah diri melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan profesi sehingga seorang guru tidak akan pernah merasa puas diri atau merasa cukup tetapi sebaliknya ia akan terus belajar dan belajar terus melalui setiap peristiwa pembelajaran. Jenis Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif tentang Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Agama Katolik Dalam Dunia Pendidikan. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu melalui pengumpulan data dengan studi pustaka. Adapun upaya yang dilakukan ialah menggali dari berbagai sumber.

This paper presents the implementation of natural gas vehicles (NGVs) in Tanzania’s road transportation sector. The peculiarity of this analysis is the evaluation of the technical and economic performance of the converted gasoline and diesel engines to use compressed natural gas (CNG) as the cleanest-burning hydrocarbon. The technical performance involved vehicle mileage (MiCNG), fuel consumption (Fcons), speed drop, engine fuel enhancement (Fenh), and fuel saving, while the economic performance involved conversion cost (Cc), fuel cost saving (FCsaving), and payback (PB). Considering the conversion of gasoline vehicles, the MiCNG could reach an average of 100 to 500 km per filling, depending on the CNG cylinder size. The Fenh and fuel saving were ranging between 1.9 and 3.9 and 71 and 78%. With a proportion of 30:70 diesel-CNG fuel, the heavy-duty truck with 180 kg of CNG could reach 1300 km, saving about 440 L, which is 78.6% per roundtrip, while the medium passenger car with 15 kg of CNG could reach 350 km, presenting a fuel saving of about 75%. From an economic point of view, gasoline retrofitted NGVs cost about 50 to 200 TZS/km, yielding a fuel cost saving of up to 79% and starting to pay off between 2 and 7 months or 10,000 and 40,000 km, depending on the engine capacity. Considering dual fuel, the heavy-duty truck consumes about 496 TZS/km, saving about 62.3% of diesel fuel and starting to pay off after 2.5 months or 29,304 km. To conclude, NGV technologies have been successfully implemented in Tanzania’s road transportation sector, presenting significant fuel savings and reducing reliance on imported oil. While taking measures, this study paves a way for Tanzania and other sub-Saharan countries to promote NGV growth.

The study investigated social media usage and antisocial behaviours (cultism and bullying) among secondary school students in Eleme Local Government Area of Rivers State, Southern Nigeria. A sample of 400 students from a population of 5233 was used for the study. Taro Yamen’s formula and simple random sampling were used to compose the sample. Three research questions were answered while three corresponding null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Two instruments titled Anti-social Behaviour Scale (ABS) and Social Media questionnaire (SMQ) were used for data collection. The instruments were validated by experts in Measurement and Evaluation. The reliability of the instruments was estimated using Cronbach alpha reliability method of internal consistency. Data were analyzed using multiple regression, analysis of variance (ANOVA), simple regression and t-test associated with regression. Findings revealed among others that social media usage (Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram independently accounts for 63.5% variation in tendency to cultism activities among secondary school students of Eleme Local Government Area of Rivers State, Southern Nigeria. It was also revealed that social media usage (Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram) accounts for 44.65% variation in tendency towards bullying among these students. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that students should be taught on how to make more constructive and fruitful use of their phones. The implication of the results was highlighted in line with the findings. The study successfully contributed to knowledge as it has established empirically that students can learn the acts of cultism from their use of social media.

The COVID-19 pandemic altered healthcare delivery in the United States. This study examined the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiological trends and outcomes of gastrointestinal bleeding. We compared the admission rate, in-hospital mortality rate, and mean length of hospital stay between 2019 and 2020 to estimate the pandemic effect. The study highlighted disparities in outcomes of gastrointestinal bleeding hospitalizations stratified by sex and race. We noted a 9.5% reduction in the total number of hospitalizations in 2020. We also observed a 13% increase in overall mortality during the pandemic (P

Sebagai lembaga pendidikan formal sekolah tentunya memiliki banyak infomasi yang akan disampaikan kepada masyarakat umum. Seperti pada saat penerimaan peserta didik baru, keadaan sekolah, kegiatan, sampai dengan data guru, pegawai dan siswa. Sampai saat ini penyebaran informasi sekolah masih disampaikan secara konvensional yakni dari mulut ke mulut atau yang tercantum di papan pengumuman sekolah. Hal ini tentunya menyebabkan informasi yang diterima menjadi sangat lama bahkan menjadi mubazir. Hal ini masih dilakukan oleh SMA Negeri 1 Tasifeto Barat yang merupakan salah satu sekolah unggulan di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia – Timor Leste. Selain masalah penyampaian informasi, satu masalah yang ada di SMA N 1 adalah pengolahan data guru dan pegawai yang masih dilakukan secara manual, yaitu pencatatan atau pengarsipan masih dalam bentuk kertas dan tentunya akan sangat repot ketika terjadi perubahan dari data seorang guru atau pegawai. Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan sebuah sistem informasi untuk penyampaikan informasi dan pengolahan data guru dan pegawai dalam bentuk website, sehingga mempermudah dalam pembaharuan data sekolah. Media informasi ini mampu mengelola data induk guru dan pegawai, mengelola presensi guru, mengelola roster mengajar, dan informasi sekolah. Model Prototype digunakan untuk pengembangan website ini. Dengan adanya website sistem informasi SMA Negeri 1 Tasifeto Barat, sangat membantu dalam penyampaian informasi terbaru tentang sekolah kepada masyarakat. Terkhususnya masyarakat yang berada di daerah terpencil di sekitar wilayah perbatasan negeri. Pencari informasi cukup mengunjungi webiste sekolah dan mendapatkan informasi yang dibutuhkan tanpa harus datang ke sekolah.

The literature on conflicts in Nigeria largely implicates socio-economic, political and governmental deficits as the major causes of violent conflicts in Nigeria. The paper interrogates the challenges and prospects of managing protracted social conflicts in Nigeria by examining the socio-economic and political dynamics of the Nigerian State within the framework of the current security challenges in Nigeria. A careful evaluation of data from the field was supplemented with a desk review of secondary sources and integrated into the content analysis of the issues that arose from the subject matter under study. Findings indicates that the root causes of conflicts in Nigeria are located ethno-religious intolerance, struggle for power and scarce resources, bad governance, insincerity and haphazard approach towards the resolution of these conflicts. The paper concludes that there is no alternative to good governance in the fight against violent conflicts in Nigeria. Good governance is congenial to the promotion, reign and sustenance of peace. Therefore, it is the contention of this paper that to effectively manage protracted social conflict, strategic approaches anchored on good governance that will guarantee sustainable peace and security in Nigeria must be evolved.

Gestational diabetes (GDM) impacts approximately 17 million pregnancies worldwide. Women with a history of GDM have an 8-10-fold higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and a 2-fold higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with women without prior GDM. Although it is possible to prevent and/or delay progression of GDM to type 2 diabetes, this is not widely undertaken. Considering the increasing global rates of type 2 diabetes and CVD in women, it is essential to utilize pregnancy as an opportunity to identify women at risk and initiate preventive intervention. This article reviews existing clinical guidelines for postpartum identification and management of women with previous GDM and identifies key recommendations for the prevention and/or delayed progression to type 2 diabetes for global clinical practice.

The reality is that social welfare services in Nigeria exclude more people than they cover, resulting in the deprivation of basic human needs such as water, sanitation, shelter, healthcare, and education that have hindered the betterment of the living conditions of the citizens (Nkpoyen et al., 2021; Okpa, 2022). This study explored factors affecting the government delivery of social welfare services in Nigeria. Five hundred and seventy (570) respondents’ opinions were purposively sampled using the 36-item Social Welfare Service Delivery Questionnaire (SWSDQ) and an in-depth interview guide. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square statistical technique, and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software, version 20. As a supplement to the quantitative data, the qualitative data were analysed in themes. Findings from this study revealed that although all the respondents reported knowing about available social welfare services, 44.3% reported not accessing the existing social services because of such factors as political expediency, transparency, accountability, corruption, and perception of social service providers. A key policy issue, therefore, is the need to look into the eradication or mitigation of these factors ascribed to be hindering the delivery of social welfare services. This will expedite the blanket spread of the delivery, accessibility, and utilisation of social welfare services for residents, not just in the study area but across the country