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In this work, a metabolic profile of

In this work, a metabolic profile of Mansoa hirsuta was investigated, and in vitro assays and theoretical approaches were carried out to evaluate its antioxidant potential. The phytochemical screening detected saponins, organic acids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids in extracts of leaves, branches, and roots. Through LC-MS analysis, the triterpenes oleanolic acid (m/z 455 [M-H]−) and ursolic acid (m/z 455 [M-H]−) were identified as the main bioactive components. The extracts of the leaves, branches, and roots revealed moderate antioxidant potential in the DPPH test and all extracts were more active in the ABTS test. The leaf extracts showed better antioxidant capacity, displaying IC50 values of 43.5 ± 0.14, 63.6 ± 0.54, and 56.1 ± 0.05 µg mL−1 for DPPH, ABTS, and kinetics assays, respectively. The leaf extract showed higher total flavonoid content (TFC) (5.12 ± 1.02 mg QR/g), followed by branches (3.16 ± 0.88 QR/g) and roots (2.04 ± 0.52 QR/g/g). The extract of the branches exhibited higher total phenolic content (TPC) (1.07 ± 0.77 GAE/g), followed by leaves (0.58 ± 0.30 GAE/g) and roots (0.19 ± 0.47 GAE/g). Pharmacophore and molecular docking analysis were performed in order to better understand the potential mechanism of the antioxidant activity of its major metabolites.

Introduction: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are diseases characterized by intestinal inflammation, divided into Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Retrocolitis (UC). The cause is still unknown. There are a variety of studies that show the beneficial and potential effect of phytocannabinoids on Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Objective: To evaluate the beneficial effect of Cannabis sativa-derived metabolites in the treatment of IBD, associated with the use of nanotechnology in order to enhance this effect, through a systematic review study. Methodology: This systematic review of the literature of pre-clinical and clinical trials was carried out in the following databases: PUBMED, Science Direct and Scopus from 2012 to 2022. Some combinations of terms were used, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, cannabinoids, cannabidiol and nanotechnology. Results: A total of 418 articles were found in Pubmed, 80 articles in Science Direct and 443 in Scopus. In the end, 6 articles in Pubmed, 10 in Science Direct and 6 in Scopus were considered eligible for analysis according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Discussion: In the analyzed studies, it was noticed that phytocannabinoids represent a promising alternative to treat IBD. Despite the great expectations surrounding these molecules, their physicochemical characteristics represent a significant limitation for their application in the treatment of IBD and other diseases. Therefore, nanotechnology proved to be a way to overcome these problems. Conclusion: In view of all the above, it can be inferred that metabolites derived from Cannabis sativa have great potential for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Introducción: Las Enfermedades Inflamatorias Intestinales (EII) son enfermedades caracterizadas por inflamación intestinal, divididas en Enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y Retrocolitis Ulcerosa (CU). La causa aún se desconoce. Hay una variedad de estudios que muestran el efecto beneficioso y potencial de los fitocannabinoides en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto beneficioso de los metabolitos derivados del Cannabis sativa en el tratamiento de la EII, asociado al uso de nanotecnología para potenciar este efecto, a través de un estudio de revisión sistemática. Metodología: Esta revisión sistemática de la literatura de ensayos preclínicos y clínicos se realizó en las siguientes bases de datos: PUBMED, Science Direct y Scopus de 2012 a 2022. Se utilizaron algunas combinaciones de términos, como enfermedades inflamatorias del intestino, cannabinoides, cannabidiol y nanotecnología. Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 418 artículos en Pubmed, 80 artículos en Science Direct y 443 en Scopus. Al final, 6 artículos en Pubmed, 10 en Science Direct y 6 en Scopus fueron considerados elegibles para el análisis de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos Discusión: En los estudios analizados, se observó que los fitocannabinoides representan una alternativa prometedora para tratar la EII. A pesar de la gran expectativa que rodea a estas moléculas, sus características fisicoquímicas suponen una importante limitación para su aplicación en el tratamiento de la EII y otras enfermedades. Por lo tanto, la nanotecnología demostró ser una forma de superar estos problemas. Conclusión: Por todo lo anterior, se puede inferir que los metabolitos derivados del Cannabis sativa tienen un gran potencial para el tratamiento de enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales. Introdução: As Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais (DII) são doenças caracterizadas por inflamação intestinal, dividida em Doença de Crohn (DC) e Retrocolite Ulcerativa (UC). A causa ainda é desconhecida. Há uma variedade de estudos que mostram o efeito benéfico e potencial dos fitocanabinoides na Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito benéfico dos metabólitos derivados da Cannabis sativa no tratamento de DII, associado ao uso da nanotecnologia com o intuito de potencializar esse efeito, por meio de um estudo de revisão sistemática. Metodologia: Esta revisão sistemática da literatura de ensaios pré-clínicos e clínicos foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: PUBMED, Science Direct e Scopus de 2012 a 2022. Utilizou-se algumas combinações de termos como, doenças inflamatórias intestinais, canabinoides, canabidiol e nanotecnologia. Resultados: Foram encontrados um total de 418 artigos no Pubmed, 80 artigos no Science Direct e 443 no Scopus. Ao final, 6 artigos no Pubmed, 10 no Science Direct e 6 no Scopus foram considerados elegíveis para análise de acordo com a inclusão e exclusão critérios estabelecidos Discussão: Nos estudos analisados, percebeu-se que os fitocanabinóides representam uma alternativa promissora para tratar DII. Apesar das grandes expectativas em torno dessas moléculas, suas características físico-químicas representam uma limitação significativa para sua aplicação no tratamento de DII e outras doenças. Portanto, a nanotecnologia provou ser uma forma de superar esses problemas. Conclusão: Diante de todo o exposto, pode-se inferir que metabólitos derivados da Cannabis sativa possuem grande potencial para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias intestinais.

Pyriproxyfen (PPF) is a larvicide, used to combat the proliferation of Aedes aegypti larvae. The objective of this study was to analyze the compounds of pyriproxyfen and pyridalyl (PYL) in a commercial larvicide to analyze the cytotoxic and oxidative effects of PPF and PYL. The toxic potential of PPF and PYL were assessed based on lethal concentration (LC50) in Artemia salina, cytotoxicity based on the mitotic index and the chromosomal alterations in Allium cepa and the oxidative damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The PPF and PYL compounds were identified by HPLC-PDA based on their retention times and spectral data. The wavelengths λmax (258 nm) and (271 nm) of the UV spectrum of PYL and PPF and the retention times (RT) (3.38 min) and (4.03 min), respectively. The toxicological potentials of PPF and PYL were significant at concentrations (1, 10, 100 and 1000 ppm), with an LC50 of 48 h (0.5 ppm). PPF and PYL pointed out a cytotoxic effect in A. cepa at all concentrations (0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 100 and 1000 ppm), genotoxic effect at concentrations only (0.0001; 0.1; 1; 100 and 1000 ppm), and mutagenic for concentrations (0.1, 100 and 1000 ppm). In relation S. cerevisiae, PPF e PYL prompted oxidative damage at concentrations (100 and 1000 ppm) in all strains (SODWT, Sod1, Sod2, Sod1Sod2, Cat1 and Sod1Cat1). Therefore, the PPF and PYL identificated in commercial larvicide by HPLC-PDA produced cytotoxic and oxidative effects that could cause health and ecosystem risks.

The Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic is a challenge for scientists and health professionals due to the large spread of mosquitoes. This work aimed to describe the main control strategies of ZIKV when using pesticides. The methodology consisted of a literature review on the use of pesticides in potential mosquito breeding sites. Pyriproxyfen (PPF) stood out in the control of Aedes aegypti L. (species of mosquito that causes ZIKV) with dissemination in its particles through the ultra low volume technique. Its use was satisfactory since the PPF does not pose a risk to humans. However, an effective control of the epidemic requires integration with mechanical, biological, and chemical control to eliminate or reduce the mosquito population. For this, studies are essential to validate the proposed strategies, as well as financial investments for the continuity of control actions and implementation of government health campaigns.

Platonia insignis Mart. is a vegetable of the Clusiaceae Lindl., family that is popularly known as “bacuri” in Brazil. It is widely used in folk medicine to treat human diarrheas and inflammatory diseases. It has antiparasitic activity, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic action, in addition to vasorelaxant potential. The present study investigates the leishmanicidal, cytotoxic and genotoxic activities in different biological systems, as well as the chemical constituents of hexane extract from P. insignis seeds. The analysis of the non-volatile constituents was analyzed by GC/MS. A total of sixteen main constituents were detected in the saponifiable material (fatty acid methyl esters, ethyl ester, alcohols and hydrocarbons). In unsaponifiable fraction, nineteen constituents were detected, including a series of n-alkanes and prenylated xanthones gamma-mangostin as main component (70.23% of the total components). The results indicated that the seed hexane extract significantly inhibits the growth of promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis (IC50), displayed a significant toxicity against Artemia salina Leach and cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in V79 cell lines. Platonia insignis Mart. es un vegetal miembro de la familia Clusiaceae Lindl., que se conoce popularmente como "bacuri" en Brasil. Se usa ampliamente en la medicina popular para tratar las diarreas humanas y las enfermedades inflamatorias. Tiene actividad antiparasitaria, antioxidante, acción anticancerígena, además de potencial vasorrelajante. El presente estudio investiga las actividades leishmanicidas, citotóxicas y genotóxicas en diferentes sistemas biológicos, así como los componentes químicos del extracto de hexano de semillas de P. insignis. El análisis de los constituyentes no volátiles fue analizado por GC/MS. Se detectaron un total de dieciséis componentes principales en el material saponificable (ésteres metílicos de ácidos grasos, ésteres etílicos, alcoholes e hidrocarburos). En la fracción insaponificable se detectaron diecinueve constituyentes, entre ellos una serie de n-alcanos y xantonas preniladas gamma-mangostina como componente principal (70,23% del total de componentes). Los resultados indicaron que el extracto de semilla de hexano inhibe significativamente el crecimiento de formas promastigotas de Leishmania amazonensis (IC50), mostró una toxicidad significativa contra Artemia salina Leach y citotoxicidad y genotoxicidad en líneas celulares V79. Platonia insignis Mart. é um vegetal da família Clusiaceae Lindl., popularmente conhecida como “bacuri” no Brasil. É amplamente utilizado na medicina popular para tratar diarreias humanas e doenças inflamatórias. Possui atividade antiparasitária, ação antioxidante, anticarcinogênica, além de potencial vasorrelaxante. O presente estudo investiga as atividades leishmanicida, citotóxica e genotóxica em diferentes sistemas biológicos, bem como os constituintes químicos do extrato hexânico de sementes de P. insignis. A análise dos constituintes não voláteis foi analisada por CG/EM. Um total de dezesseis constituintes principais foram detectados no material saponificável (ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos, éster etílico, álcoois e hidrocarbonetos). Na fração insaponificável, dezenove constituintes foram detectados, incluindo uma série de n-alcanos e xantonas preniladas gama-mangostina como componente principal (70,23% dos componentes totais). Os resultados indicaram que o extrato de hexano da semente inibe significativamente o crescimento das formas promastigotas de Leishmania amazonensis (CI50), apresentou toxicidade significativa contra Artemia salina Leach e citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade em linhagens celulares V79.