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Introduction Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder associated with ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and sudden death in the context of cardiac involvement. Guidelines advocate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation in specific subcohorts, but there is a paucity of data on outcomes. Methods and Results A systematic review was performed to assess outcomes in patients with definite or probable cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) treated with ICD. Observational studies were identified from multiple databases from inception to 21st May 2021. Outcomes of interest included appropriate and inappropriate ICD therapies in addition to all-cause mortality. Study quality was assessed individually using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Eight studies were identified comprising 530 patients, with follow-up period of 24–66 months (weighted average 40 months). Mean age was 53.9 years with ejection fraction of 41.3%. Overall incidence of appropriate therapy was 38.1% during follow-up. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) with ejection fraction

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Instructional Farm, Chimanbhai Patel College of Agriculture, S.D.A.U., Sardarkrushinagar to study the “Response of fodder barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) To date of sowing and nitrogen levels” during Rabi season of 2018-19. The soil of experimental field was loamy sand in texture with low in organic carbon (0.25%) and available nitrogen (163 kg/ha), medium in available phosphorus (38.2 kg/ha) and high in available potash (288 kg/ha) having pH value of 7.40. Total twelve treatment combinations comprising four levels of date of sowing in main plot viz., 20th October, 1st November, 10th November and 20th November and three levels of nitrogen in sub plot viz., 80 kg N/ha,100 kg N/ha and 120 kg N/ha were laid out in split plot design with four replications. Sowing of the fodder barley on 10th November recorded significantly higher growth and yield attributes, green forage (362.7 q/ha), dry fodder (93.7 q/ha), net returns (38,104 ₨/ha) and BCR ratio (2.11) at total of both cuts than other date of sowing. Fertilizing the fodder barley crop with 120 kg N/ha gave significantly higher value for all growth and yield attributes, green forage, dry fodder, net returns and BCR ration than other nitrogen levels.

Ablation techniques are widely used for solid malignant tumors in adults. There is no large series assessing the effectiveness of local ablative therapies in the treatment of malignant or aggressive benign lesions in children. To review the existing evidence on the techniques and results of ablation for pediatric solid malignant or aggressive benign tumors. We searched MEDLINE for papers published between 1995 and 2012 that reported outcomes of radiofrequency, microwave and cryoablation, interstitial laser therapy, irreversible electroporation and percutaneous ethanol injection for patients younger than 18 years old. Data collection included factors related to the patient, tumor biology, ablation technique and cancer-specific endpoints. Additional series of predominantly adults including data on patients younger than 18 years old were also identified. We identified 28 patients treated by ablation in 29 regions: 5 patients undergoing ablation for liver lesions, 9 patients for lung metastases, 11 patients for bone and/or soft tissue and 4 patients for kidney or pancreas. The ablation was performed to treat primary tumors, local recurrences and metastases. The histology of the tumors was osteosarcoma in 6 patients, Wilms tumor in 3, rhabdomyosarcoma in 3, hepatoblastoma in 3, desmoid tumor in 3, adrenocortical carcinoma in 2 and a single case each of leiomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, paraganglioma, solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm, sacrococcygeal teratoma, hepatic adenoma, juxtaglomerular cell tumor and plantar fibromatosis. Eighteen of the patients (64%) experienced a complication, but only 6 (21%) of these needed treatment other than supportive care. Although ablative techniques are feasible and promising treatments for certain pediatric tumors, large multicenter prospective trials will be needed to establish efficacy.