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Mean difference for mean arterial pressure. The forest plot demonstrates point estimates of mean difference surrounded by 95% CI. (DOCX 155 kb)

Mean difference for vasoactive score. The forest plot demonstrates point estimates of mean difference surrounded by 95% CI. (DOCX 138 kb)

Event rate for tissue ischemia in all clinical trials. The plot demonstrates point estimates of event rate surrounded by 95% CI. (DOCX 48 kb)

Risk of bias summary: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study. (DOCX 23 kb)

Mean difference for length of stay in intensive care. The forest plot demonstrates point estimates of mean difference surrounded by 95% CI. (DOCX 133 kb)

Published observational reports on the use of vasopressors in neonates and children. (DOCX 42 kb)

Trial sequential analysis for tissue ischemia in randomized controlled trials. A relative risk of 2.72, one-sided lower boundary, an incidence of 1.6% in the control arm, an incidence of 11% in the treatment arm, a low bias estimated relative risk reduction of 85%, Îą of 5%, power of 80% were set. An estimated required information size of 231 randomized patients was not reached. The boundaries for futility are not crossed and no effect on tissue ischemia is observed. (DOCX 120 kb)

Mean difference for heart rate. The forest plot demonstrates point estimates of mean difference surrounded by 95% CI. (DOCX 153 kb)