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Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) remains challenging to treat and has dismal outcome. Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (allo-SCT) has promising results, but data remain scarce. In this single-center retrospective analysis of 100 patients with ATLL from north America (67 acute, 22 lymphomatous), 17 underwent allo-SCT and 5 autologous SCT (ASCT), with a median follow-up of 65 months. Post-transplant 3-years relapse incidence (RI) and non-relapse mortality (NRM) were 51% and 37%, respectively, and 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 31% and 35%, respectively. ASCT 1-year RI was 80% compared to 30% in allo-SCT (p = 0.03). After adjusting for immortal-time bias, allo-SCT had significantly improved OS (HR = 0.4, p = 0.01). In exploratory multivariate analysis, patients achieving first complete response and Karnofsky score ≥ 90 had significantly better outcomes, as did Black patients, compared to Hispanics, who had worse outcome. In transplanted patients, 14 died within 2 years, 4 of which ASCT recipients. Our data are the largest ATLL transplant cohort presented to date outside of Japan and Europe. We show that allo-SCT, but not ASCT, is a valid option in select ATLL patients, and can induce long term survival, with 40% of patients alive after more than 5 years.

Background Globally, 5 million to 10 million people are infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1, which causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in 2% to 5% of the carriers. ATLL is a rare but extremely aggressive malignancy that can be challenging to diagnose. Very little data exist on the incidence patterns of ATLL in the United States. Methods ATLL cases reported to the National Program of Cancer Registries, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, and the New York State Cancer Registry were used for the study. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated by age, race/ethnicity, sex, and year of diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate was compared among race/ethnicity groups with the SEER data. Results During 2001-2015, 2148 ATLL cases were diagnosed in the United States, 18% of which were in New York State. New York State had the highest incidence rate for ATLL, with a rising trend especially among non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs), whereas the incidence was stable across the remainder of the United States. NHBs were diagnosed at a younger median age (54 years) and had a shorter overall survival (6 months). In New York City, only 22.6% of the ATLL cases diagnosed were born in North America. Conclusions This is the largest epidemiological study of ATLL in the United States and shows a rising incidence in New York City. NHBs have a younger age at presentation and poor overall survival. The rising incidence is largely due to NHBs originating from the Caribbean.

Introduction In the United States, autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT) has fallen out of favor over chemotherapy consolidation for non–high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) when allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is unfeasible, which is common in racial minorities because of donor registry under-representation and socioeconomic challenges. We compared autoHCT consolidation outcomes with chemotherapy alone in a minority-rich cohort in the Bronx. Patients and Methods We identified adults with favorable or intermediate cytogenetic risk AML in first complete remission after induction at Montefiore Medical Center from 1999 to 2015, and analyzed 81 patients who received consolidation with ≥2 cycles of chemotherapy, of whom 28 received autoHCT. Results The cohort predominantly consisted of ethnic/racial minorities (69%). Age, sex, race, presenting white cell count, and cytogenetic risk were similar between groups. The autoHCT group had longer relapse-free (RFS; 43 vs. 11 months; P = .003) and overall (OS) survival (not reached vs. 36 months; P = .043). Adjusted multivariable analysis showed significant benefit of autoHCT over chemotherapy alone for RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37-0.75; P Conclusion In this inner-city non–high-risk AML cohort, autoHCT provided OS and RFS benefit compared with chemotherapy alone. AutoHCT might constitute a valuable option for ethnic/racial minorities affected by significant barriers to alloHCT, whereas integration of measurable residual disease can help select patients more likely to benefit.

In the United States adult T cell lymphoma–leukemia (ATLL) carries a dismal prognosis and mainly affects immigrants from human T cell lymphotropic virus 1 endemic areas. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (alloHSCT) can be effective and is recommended as an upfront treatment in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. We studied the barriers to alloHSCT in one of the largest ATLL populations in the United States. Comprehensive chart and donor registry reviews were conducted for 88 ATLL patients treated at Montefiore Medical Center from 2003 to 2018. Among 49 patients with acute and 32 with lymphomatous subtypes, 48 (59.5%) were ineligible for alloHSCT because of early mortality (52%), loss to follow-up (21%), uninsured status (15%), patient declination (10%), and frailty (2%). Among 28 HLA-typed eligible patients (34.6%), matched related donors were identified for 7 (25%). A matched unrelated donor (MUD) search yielded HLA-matched in 2 patients (9.5%), HLA mismatched in 6 (28.5%), and no options in 13 (62%). Haploidentical donors were identified for 6 patients (46%) with no unrelated options. There were no suitable donors for 7 (25%) alloHSCT-eligible patients. The main limitation for alloHSCT after donor identification was death from progressive disease (82%). AlloHSCT was performed in 10 patients (12.3%) and was associated with better relapse-free survival (26 versus 11 months, P = .04) and overall survival (47 versus 10 months, P = .03). Early mortality and progressive disease are the main barriers to alloHSCT, but poor follow-up, uninsured status, and lack of suitable donor, including haploidentical, are also substantial limitations that might disproportionally affect this vulnerable population. AlloHSCT can achieve long-term remissions, and strategies aiming to overcome these barriers are urgently needed to improve outcomes in ATLL.

Multiple myeloma (MM) in Hispanics has never been studied. We therefore sought to determine the clinical characteristics and overall survival in MM of Hispanics compared to non-Hispanic whites (NHW) and non-Hispanic blacks (NHB).A single-center analysis of 939 patients diagnosed with MM from 2000 to 2017 with a large representation of NHB (n = 489), Hispanics (n = 281), and NHW (n = 169) was conducted to evaluate outcomes and disease characteristics. We used the Connect MM Registry, a large US multicenter prospective observational study with newly diagnosed MM patients, as a validation cohort.Hispanics had a higher incidence of MM compared to NHW. The median age at presentation was 5 years younger (median, 65 years) in Hispanics compared to NHW (median, 70 years), and patients were more likely to present with renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate 30 mL/min). Hispanics had a higher proportion of Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) stage I disease compared to NHW and NHB (P = .03), while there was no difference in cytogenetics between Hispanics and NHB/NHW. In the multivariate analysis, only high-risk disease and response to first-line therapy significantly affected survival.In this first and largest analysis of MM in Hispanics, we found that Hispanics present at a younger age, have a higher incidence of renal dysfunction, and have low R-ISS stage disease at presentation. With equal access to therapy, Hispanics have survival similar to NHW/NHB.

SOS is a rare complication of stem cell transplantation and has significant morbidity and mortality. We present three cases of SOS and highlight underlying risk factors for its development, such as impaired clearance of alkylating agents (especially melphalan) in patients with renal failure and prolonged infection. Although, melphalan and cyclophosphamide cause SOS less commonly than alkylating agents such as busulfan, physicians must use caution when administering these drugs to patients with underlying comorbidities such as renal failure that may increase the likelihood of development of SOS. This is due to unpredictable pharmacokinetics in patients with renal failure and therefore close drug monitoring is required. With the recent FDA approval of defibrotide in 2016, outcomes of SOS have improved and physician awareness is important for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection of immunomodulatory therapies. PML cases reported in PubMed (1995-2017) following stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) or chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) for hematologic malignancies were reviewed. We found 107 cases, 40% were HSCT recipients (32 allogeneic, 11 autologous) and 40% indolent lymphomas receiving monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). HSCT cases had longer time to PML diagnosis (10.8 vs. 4 months, p .001), higher proportion of PML therapy response (58% vs. 25%, p = .019), lower mortality rate (56% vs. 88%, p .001), and longer median survival (8 vs. 2 months, p .001). Outcome differences might be caused by selection bias as HSCT patients are most likely treated aggressively; however, time-dependent immune reconstitution might also contribute to their better prognosis. Increased use of mAbs and HSCT are associated with rising PML incidence in hematological malignancies, currently constituting the second largest vulnerable population after HIV-infected patients; further research is needed for its optimal treatment.

Introduction: North American-ATLL (NA-ATLL) is a distinct genomic and clinical entity when compared with Japanese ATLL. Despite the frequent CNS involvement by this entity there are no prognostication tools to identify variables associated with higher risk. We studied one of the largest NA-ATLL cohorts in the United States at a minority rich ethnically diverse New York City based tertiary care center to identify discrete variables that may be associated with CNS involvement. Additionally, we examined the predictive power of the previously validated International Prognostic Index (IPI) developed for Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) in terms of CNS involvement as well as overall survival in our cohort. In our previous work, we assigned CNS involvement of ATLL if: 1) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology or flow cytometry was positive; 2) CNS imaging was positive for disease involvement or 3) physical exam was compatible with neurologic involvement. Methods and results: Of 65 NA-ATLL patients (pts), 20 (30.77%) had CNS involvement by ATLL meeting above mentioned criteria. The median age of all pts in our dataset was 59 years. Pts were divided into non- CNS involved NA-ATLL (non-CNS NA-ATLL) and CNS involved NA-ATLL (CNS NA-ATLL) groups. Parameters to predict CNS involvement were outlined as leukocytosis (>11000 per microliter [μL]), elevated acute lymphocytic count (>4000/ μL), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (>190 units/liter [u/l]), generalized lymphadenopathy (LAD) defined as involvement of 2 or more non-contiguous nodal sites, elevated corrected serum calcium levels (>10.5 mg/deciliter), bone marrow (bm) involvement and serosal involvement defined as pleural or peritoneal involvement. These variables were chosen given our prior work identifying them as critical to predict OS in our general NA-ATLL population. We then performed the Fisher test of proportions to determine if the variables above mentioned were different between the CNS NA-ATLL and the non-CNS NA-ATLL. We did not find significant associations when analyzing gender (p=0.0535), leukocytosis (p= 0.4001), lymphocytosis (p =0.57), hypercalcemia (p= 0.7661), elevated LDH (p= 0.4898), generalized LAD (p=0.271), serosal involvement (p= 0.05088) or bone marrow involvement (p=1). We only found a strong association when examining ATLL subtypes, being the acute/lymphomatous variant strongly associated with CNS involvement (p=2.226e10 -5). To identify variables that can have an impact in OS in CNS NA-ATLL vs non-CNS NA-ATLL we calculated Kaplan Meier survival curves. We did not find any difference based on age (p=0.23), gender (p=0.95), leukocytosis (p= 0.074), lymphocytosis (p =0.21), hypercalcemia (p= 0.094), elevated LDH (p= 0.37), generalized LAD (p=0.28), and serosal involvement (p= 0.1) in the overall survival. The only significant association we found was bone marrow involvement in predicting poor OS in CNS NA-ATLL group (p= 0.038). Next, we determined IPI scores (age>60, ECOG performance status>2, Ann Arbor stage III/IV, serum LDH score >190 u/L and more than 1 extra-nodal site) in our CNS NA ATLL and non-CNS NA ATLL cohorts. We sought to determine if: 1) this prognostication tool is predictive in NA-ATLL and 2) if these variables can be used to identify CNS involvement in our cohort. CNS pts with a higher IPI score (>3) showed tendency towards a lower survival rate (p=0.089) than non-CNS pts (p=0.3). IPI score of 3 or more was not predictive of CNS involvement in our sample (p=1). Conclusions: NA-ATLL is a rare and protean disease with poor prognosis and CNS involvement is prevalent. With the variables used we did not find clear predictors of CNS associated disease other than patients presented with the lymphomatous and acute subtypes. We also observed than bone marrow involvement portends a dismal prognosis for individuals with CNS involvement. Future studies with a larger cohort could provider further insight on discovering predictors for CNS involvement in NA ATLL. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Shah: Celgene/BMS: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding. Gritsman: iOnctura: Research Funding. Shastri: GLC: Consultancy; Kymera Therapeutics: Research Funding; Guidepoint: Consultancy; Onclive: Honoraria. Verma: BMS: Research Funding; GSK: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Medpacto: Research Funding; Curis: Research Funding; Eli Lilly: Research Funding; Stelexis: Consultancy, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Novartis: Consultancy; Acceleron: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Stelexis: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Throws Exception: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Janakiram: Amgen: Honoraria.

BACKGROUND: Adoptive immunotherapy using CD19-targeted Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Data is limited on the propensity of infections and lymphohematopoietic reconstitution after Day 30 (D30) following CAR-T cell therapy. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence and nature of infectious complications in an expanded cohort of DLBCL patients treated with CD19 CAR-T therapy and its association with the dynamics of leukocyte subpopulation reconstitution post-CAR-T cell therapy. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study including 19 patients who received axicabtagene ciloleucel and investigated associations between cytopenia and infectious complications after D30. RESULTS: Nineteen patients were included, consisting of 42% Hispanic, 32% Caucasian, 21% African-American, and 5% Asian subjects. Post-D30 of CAR-T infusion, 47% patients (n=9) developed an infection and 53% (n=10) remained infection-free. The most common infection type observed was viral (7 patients) followed by bacterial (5 patients) and fungal (3 patients). Of 25 total infectious events, 56% were grade 1 or 2 and 44% were grade 3 with 10 being viral in etiology. To determine the kinetics of lymphohematopoietic reconstitution and its association with infection risk, we evaluated the relationship between cytopenias and rates of infection after D30. Notably, compared to non-infection group, infection group had a higher median absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) (1,000/µL vs. 600/µL, P1,500/µL in the infection group as opposed to 70% in the non-infection group at D90 (P

Key Points SEER data and a Bronx validation cohort demonstrate that Hispanics present with AML at younger age but have shorter survival than whites. Increased frequency of high-risk mutations in Hispanics provides a potential biologic explanation for poorer outcomes in Hispanics.

Background High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has a well-established role in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. Melphalan 200 mg/m 2 (Mel200) is the most commonly used preparative regimen. Several studies have provided evidence for potential synergism and safety when combining bortezomib (Btz) or busulfan (Bu) with melphalan (Mel). Patients and Methods We conducted a prospective phase II study to investigate the safety and efficacy of conditioning with pharmacokinetics (PK)-directed intravenous (IV) Bu with Btz and Mel. Bu dosing was adjusted to target a total area under the curve (AUC) of 20,000 μM × min. Patients received Btz (1 mg/m 2 × 4 doses) and Mel (140 mg/m 2 ). Results A total of 19 subjects were enrolled. Their median age was 55 years, and the median follow-up period was 23.7 months. PK testing resulted in 86% of patients achieving an estimated total AUC of 20,000 ± 2500 μM × min. The overall response rate (ORR) at day +100 after ASCT was 100% in the evaluable patients, with 11% of patients achieving a complete response. The 2-year progression-free survival rate was 57.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 38%-89%), and the 2-year overall survival rate was 88.5% (95% CI, 76%-100%). The most common grade 3 and 4 toxicities were febrile neutropenia, dysphagia/odynophagia, and oral mucositis. No case of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome developed. One treatment-related mortality occurred before day +100. Conclusion A preparative regimen of PK-directed IV Bu with Btz and Mel led to an ORR of 100% with acceptable toxicity and should be considered for direct comparison with the Mel200 regimen in future trials.

Introduction: Adult T cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare T cell neoplasm caused by the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) virus. Although there are indolent subtypes it is often a highly aggressive and chemotherapy refractory malignancy. We follow one of the largest cohorts in the United States and in this study, we sought to elucidate the prognostic factors associated with inferior survival. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with ATLL at Montefiore Medical Center was conducted. Subjects included were censored at last point of contact. Variables collected included age, gender, race, ethnicity, ATLL subtype, white blood cell count (WBC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), corrected calcium level, lymphadenopathy (LAD) (two or more non-contiguous sites). Associations between WBC, ALC, corrected calcium level, LAD and median overall survival (mOS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test. A four-point prognostic system was designed assigning one point to each: WBC > 11,000; ALC>4000; Corrected Ca≥10.5 and presence of LAD. Three risk groups were assigned based on the number of risk factors as follows: low (0-1 points), intermediate (2 points) and high (3-4 points) (Table 2). Association between these groups and OS was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test. Results: A total of 61 ATLL subjects were included in this study (table 1). Hypercalcemia (Ca ≥10.5) was observed in 60.6% of subjects at diagnosis and was associated with inferior mOS (234 days) when compared to calcium < 10.5 (747days) (p=0.046), Figure 1A. WBC >11,000 had a strong association with inferior survival (175 days) compared to patients with a WBC ≤11,000 (666 days) (p= 0.0067) (Figure 1B). ALC > 4000 was also associated with inferior mOS (222 days) compared to ALC ≤4000 (666 days) (p=0.015) (Figure 1C). LAD was associated with mOS (188 days) compared with no LAD (847 days) (p=0.022) (Figure 1D). Based on these observations, we designed a prognostic system (0-4 points) (see above) to risk stratify newly diagnosed ATLL patients into: low (0-1 points), intermediate (2 points) and high (3-4 points) risk (Table 2). We divided our cohort into the above-mentioned risk groups and calculated their mOS. Kaplan Meier analysis (Figure 2) revealed a distinct mOS difference between the groups based on their risk score: Low: 419 days, Intermediate: 234 days and High: 181.5 days (p= 0.0042). Conclusions: We identify hypercalcemia (Ca≥10.5), leukocytosis (WBC> 11,000), lymphocytosis (ALC> 4000) and generalized LAD as poor prognostic factors in newly diagnosed ATLL. Using readily available information from basic laboratory and clinical parameters we propose a prognostic system to identify high risk individuals. Further validation will be needed using larger cohorts of this very rare disease. Disclosures Steidl: Aileron Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Stelexis Therapeutics: Consultancy, Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pieris Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Bayer Healthcare: Research Funding. Verma:stelexis: Current equity holder in private company; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; acceleron: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Research Funding; Medpacto: Research Funding. Janakiram:Takeda, Fate, Nektar: Research Funding. Shah:Celgene/BMS: Research Funding; Physicians Education Resource: Honoraria.

Introduction: Adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare hematologic malignancy caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) with dismal cure rates and poor response to conventional chemotherapy. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (AlloSCT) is the only therapeutic option which may offer the chance of long-term remission and cures in a subset of patients. We sought to investigate the outcomes of transplantation in one of the largest cohorts in North America. Methods: A retrospective chart review study was conducted using the North-American ATLL and the Hematopoietic Precursor Cell transplantation databases at Montefiore Medical Center from 2011 to 2020. Variables collected include age, sex, ethnicity, ATLL subtype, molecular profile, previous treatments, conditioning regimens, type of transplant, immunosuppressive regimen, progression free survival (PFS) post-transplant and overall survival (OS) post-transplant. Results: Fourteen patients with ATLL who received an AlloSCT from 2011-2020 were identified. Fifty-seven percent (8/14) of patients were male. Seventy-one percent (10/14) of patients were African American and twenty-nine percent (4/14) were Hispanic. Median age was 51 years. Sixty-four percent (9/14) of patients had Stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis. Forty-three percent (6/14) patients had acute and fifty-seven percent (8/14) had lymphomatous ATLL. Almost all patients (92%) were treated initially with EPOCH combination chemotherapy. Twenty-eight percent (4/14) of patients received interferon/zidovudine as bridge-to-transplant. Fifty-seven percent (8/14) of patients achieved complete remission (CR) prior to AlloSCT, 7% (1/14) were in partial remission, and 28% (4/14) were relapsed or refractory. Forty-three percent (6/14) of patients received SCT from a matched-related donor (MRD), 36% (5/14) from a haplo-identical donor and 21% (3/14) from a matched-unrelated donor (MUD). Ninety-three percent (13/14) of patients received a reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen pre-transplantation. Seven percent (1/14) received a myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen. RIC regimens consisted of fludarabine with melphalan +/- anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) or fludarabine with cyclophosphamide with total-body irradiation in doses less than 500 cGy. Patients receiving haplo-identical SCT also received post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) for prevention of graft vs host disease (GVHD). The MAC regimen used included busulfan with cyclophosphamide at myeloablative doses. Twenty-eight percent (4/14) of patients relapsed post-alloSCT with a median relapse-free survival of 6 months (range 4-18 months). The median OS of the whole cohort was 27 months (8-82 months). Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) developed in 28% (4/14) percent of patients. The most common manifestation was skin GVHD. Fifty-percent (7/14) of the patients are surviving to-date. Transplant-related mortality (TRM) at day 100 was 21% (3/14) of patients. Causes of death were complex and included several diagnoses in certain patients. The most frequent diagnoses associated with death were infection (28%), graft failure (14%), GVHD (14%), veno-occlusive disease of the liver (VOD) (7%), disease progression (14%) and unknown due to patient lost to follow-up (14%). The main infectious events included fungal (2), bacterial (1), and COVID-19 (1) infection. Forty-three percent (6/14) of patients remain in complete remission to date. Conclusions: Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation offers long-term survival with a TRM of 21% in a disease with an inherently dismal prognosis. AlloSCT using several graft sources, is thus, a safe and well tolerated treatment modality and offers long term remissions. Disclosures Steidl: Pieris Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Aileron Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Bayer Healthcare: Research Funding; Stelexis Therapeutics: Consultancy, Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Verma:BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; acceleron: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Research Funding; Medpacto: Research Funding; stelexis: Current equity holder in private company. Janakiram:ADC Therapeutics, FATE therapeutics, TAKEDA pharmaceuticals: Research Funding.

Background: Adoptive immunotherapy using CD19-targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells (CAR-T) has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We have demonstrated the efficacy of FDA-approved axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta) in a multiethnic New York City underserved population with 80% complete response (CR) rate in the first ten patients treated at our institution (Abbasi et al., 2020). There is limited data on the propensity of infections and lymphohematopoietic reconstitution after Day 30 (D30) following CAR-T cell therapy. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence and nature of infectious complications in an expanded cohort of DLBCL patients treated with CD19 CAR-T therapy and its association with the dynamics of leukocyte subpopulation reconstitution post-CAR-T cell therapy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients who received CAR-T therapy at our institution between 2018-2020. Variables collected include patient demographics, absolute neutrophil (ANC), lymphocyte (ALC) and monocyte counts (AMC) at Day 30, hematologic reconstitution (ANC≥ 1500/µL) at Day 90 (D90), presence or absence of infections after D30 by clinical and/or microbiological parameters. Associations between presence of infection and D30 ANC, ALC, AMC, ANC/ALC ratio, AMC/ALC ratio were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis test. Association between infection and hematologic reconstitution at D90 was done using Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank test were used to evaluate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Nineteen patients were evaluated in our study, consisting of 42% (8) Hispanic, 32% (6) Caucasian, 21% (4) African-American, and 5% (1) Asian subjects. Based on clinical and microbiologic data, 47% (9) developed an infection after D30 (infection group) while 53% (10) of subjects remained infection-free after D30 (non-infection group). The most common infection type observed was viral (11 patients) followed by bacterial (8 patients) and fungal (3 patients) (Table 1). Of 25 total infectious events, 44% (11) were grade 1 or 2 and 48% (12) were grade 3 with 10 being viral in etiology. Two deaths occurred due to an infectious process. Three patients tested SARS-CoV-2 positive and were hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia. Median OS and PFS has not been reached in either group. To determine the kinetics of lymphohematopoietic reconstitution and its association with infection risk, we evaluated the relationship between cytopenias and rates of infection after D30. Notably, compared to non-infection group, infection group had a higher median ALC (1000/µL vs 600/µL p=0.04), a lower median ANC/ALC ratio (1.4 vs 4.5 p1500/µL) at D90. We observed that only 22% (2) of patients had recovered ANC > 1500/µLin the infection group as opposed to 80% (8) in the non-infection group at D90 (p= 0.038). Rates of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) were comparable between the two groups (55.6% vs 70% p=0.52). Surprisingly, rates of immune-effector cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) was lower (55.6%) in the infection group compared to (90%) non-infection group (p=0.09). Fourteen of 19 patients had follow-up over one year, of which 8 (57%) remained in complete remission (CR). Conclusions: We demonstrate an infection rate of 47% (9) beyond D30 in patients undergoing CD19 CAR-T. Increased ALC, lower ANC/ALC and AMC/ALC ratios at D30 may be predictive of infectious complications. Median OS has not been reached in our cohort. Given the potential clinical impact, our observations should be corroborated using larger datasets. Disclosures Steidl: Pieris Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Bayer Healthcare: Research Funding; Stelexis Therapeutics: Consultancy, Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Aileron Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Janakiram:ADC Therapeutics, FATE therapeutics, TAKEDA pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Verma:BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; acceleron: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Research Funding; stelexis: Current equity holder in private company; Medpacto: Research Funding.

Lung involvement has been reported in HTLV-1 carriers and in patients with ATLL. Whether there are differences in the pattern of lung involvement between ATLL and HTLV carriers in North American patients is unknown. We aimed to compare CT pulmonary findings among patients with HTLV-1 infection with and without ATLL. Among 140 patients with HTLV-1 diagnosis, 97 had CT chest available. Of these, 72 (74.2%) had ATLL and 25 (25.8%) did not have ATLL. CT chest abnormalities were present in 90 (92.8%) participants (94.4% in ATLL; 88% in non-ATLL). Higher rates of lymphadenopathy (69.4% versus 24%

Background ATLL is an aggressive T cell malignancy with dismal prognosis which occurs mainly in Caribbean immigrants in the US. AlloSCT is an effective treatment option in eligible patients (pts). We sought to identify barriers to alloSCT for these pts in a tertiary center with one of the largest ATLL populations in the US. Methods Pts with ATLL treated at Montefiore Medical Center were identified from 2003 to 2018. Comprehensive review of charts and donor registry searches were conducted. Results We identified 88 pts, mean age 56 yrs, 7 (8%) with chronic/smoldering subtypes. Of pts with acute (49, 60.5%) or lymphomatous (32, 39.5%) types, 48 (59.5%) were not considered for alloSCT due to early death (52%, n=25), lost to follow up (19%, n=10), uninsured (13%, n=7), declined HSCT (9%, n=5) and frailty (2%, n=1). Of 33 (40.7%) pts evaluated for alloSCT, 28 (34.6%) underwent HLA typing. A 10/10 matched related donor (MRD) was identified in 7 (25%). Registry search for matched unrelated donors (MUD) in the remainder 21 showed 10/10 (9.5%, n=2), 9/10 (19%, n=4), 8/10 (9.5%, n=2) and none (62%, n=13). Haploidentical donors were identified for 6 of 13 (46%) pts with no MUD. No donor options were available for 7 (25%) HLA-typed pts. AlloSCT was performed in 10/21 (47.6%) pts. Reasons for not undergoing alloSCT were progressive disease (50%, n=9), and patient declination (11%, n=2). AlloHSCT was associated with better median relapse-free (RFS) (26 vs. 11 mo, p=0.04) and overall survival (OS) (47 vs. 10 mo, p=0.03). Early transplant-related mortality (TRM) rate was 40%. Pts transplanted in complete remission (CR) and with MRD/MUD had better outcomes. Conclusion This is the first study demonstrating the barriers for alloHSCT for ATLL in the US. Only 12.3% pts proceed to alloSCT in ATLL. Early mortality, lost to follow up, uninsured status, lack of available suitable donors, including haploidentical, are significant problems. In pts who have successful induction, alloSCT can achieve long term remissions. Hence, better upfront treatments to achieve CR, early alloSCT, and consolidation/maintenance strategies in those who do not proceed to alloSCT are urgently needed to improve outcomes in ATLL.

Adult T cell leukemia / lymphoma is a rare neoplasm with dismal cure rates and poor response to chemotherapy. The genetic basis of refractoriness against conventional agents is not known. We follow one of the largest cohorts of ATLL in the US and recently showed that North American ATLL (NA-ATLL) has a distinct mutational profile from Japanese ATLL (J-ATLL) with a higher incidence of epigenetic mutations (Shah et al, Blood, 2018; 132(14):1507-1518). Here, we analyze the mutational landscape of ATLL clones at diagnosis and at relapse in a pilot study of 7 NA-ATLL patients using deep targeted sequencing of 236 recurrently mutated genes. Our goal was to examine clonal evolution patterns that may result as a consequence of the selective pressure of chemotherapy by determining changes in mutational profiles as well as clonal abundance on patients with aggressive ATLL [acute and lymphomatous] (Table 1). All patients were treated with EPOCH (Etoposide, Prednisone, Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide and Doxorubicin) chemotherapy after initial diagnosis except one patient who received interferon therapy. Distinct patterns of clonal evolution were observed in patients with primary refractory disease when compared to those who relapsed after an initial remission. Group 1 has 3 cases (Pts 1 to 3), all of which experienced early relapse and showed mutation patterns suggestive of clonal replacement by a new emerging clone at relapse. Group 2 has 3 patients (Pts 4-6) that are characterized by worsening of primary refractory disease. Mutation patterns in the before-and-after sample pairs suggest linear progression from a previously existing clone during therapy. The clonal evolution status was not resolved in our third group (Pt#7) indicating that mutations outside the 236 genes evaluated might have been present. Frequent epigenetic mutations were found in both diagnostic and refractory/relapsed samples. Surprisingly, 4 epigenetic mutations (KMT2D, EP300, SPEN, SETBP1) identified in 4 cases were confirmed or suspected of germline origin. This suggests that ancestral genomic differences between the Caribbean and Japanese populations could contribute to the mutational and clinical disparities between NA- and J-ATLL. Multiple mutations with similar variant allele frequencies (VAF) at the time of relapse were identified, suggesting simultaneous acquisition of several mutations during clonal evolution. Clonal replacement by an emerging clone (Group 1) such as GATA3 (Pt#3) or KMT2D (Pt#1) (either germline or founding mutation) was observed in patients who achieved an initial response. On the other hand, in primary refractory disease (Group 2), relapse was driven by dominant TBL1XR1 mutations in 2 out of the 3 cases either alone (Pt#6) or in combination with mutated SMARCB1 (Pt#5). The protein encoded by TBL1XR1 is a negative regulator of the nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) /histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) complex. Therefore, TBL1XR1 inactivation is expected to result in hyper-activity of NCoR/HDAC3, an epigenetic abnormality targetable by HDAC inhibitors. SMARCB1 is also an epigenetic regulator associated with several malignancies and has been targeted with alisertib. A subclonal expansion of EP300 (a histone acetyltransferase) appears to drive relapse in the other case of this group (Pt#4). Therefore, our primary refractory cases show that epigenetic mutations seem to be of utmost importance not only at diagnosis as we have previously shown, but as the driving force behind chemotherapy refractoriness and subsequent relapse. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first mutation-based clonal evolution study aimed to examine dynamic changes induced by chemotherapy among NA-ATLL patients. Early relapse appears to be driven by the emergence of new mutant clones. On the other hand, primary refractory disease appears to have epigenetic drivers that convey chemotherapy refractoriness and evolve from linear progression of a previously existing clone. Serial mutational testing can provide critical information on clonal architecture and identify actionable molecular vulnerabilities in a cohort without effective therapeutic options and a dismal prognosis. Disclosures Sica: Physician's Education Resource (PER): Honoraria. Shah:Physicians' Education Resource: Honoraria. Steidl:Aileron Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Stelexis Therapeutics: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Scientific Co-Founder; Pieries Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; BayerHealthcare: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; GlaxoSmithKline: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy. Verma:Stelexis: Equity Ownership, Honoraria; Acceleron: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; BMS: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding.

Background Population studies showed that patients with JAK2 V617F mutation had increased mortality, and increased risk of any cancer, hematologic cancer, and myeloproliferative disease. Case presentation A 68-year-old Asian male with JAK2 V617F mutation developed four different hematologic and non-hematologic neoplastic processes. In 2009, he was diagnosed with stage IA lung adenocarcinoma and also noted to have worsening leukocytosis and thrombocytosis with peak platelet count of 1,054,000/mL). Bone marrow biopsy was consistent with myeloproliferative neoplasm. His monocyte percentage increased in 2011 and met criteria for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. In 2013, he was admitted for proximal small bowel obstruction, with biopsy confirming stage IE diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In 2014, a bone marrow biopsy performed for worsening leukocytosis was consistent with acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic differentiation. Conclusion This is a rare case depicting the association of JAK2 V617F mutation with myeloproliferative, lymphoproliferative and solid neoplasms.

High prevalence and allele burden-independent prognostic importance of p53 mutations in an inner-city MDS/AML cohort

Summary Background The attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) on Sept 11, 2001 (9/11) created the potential for occupational exposure to known and suspected carcinogens. We examined cancer incidence and its potential association with exposure in the first 7 years after 9/11 in firefighters with health information before 9/11 and minimal loss to follow-up. Methods We assessed 9853 men who were employed as firefighters on Jan 1, 1996. On and after 9/11, person-time for 8927 firefighters was classified as WTC-exposed; all person-time before 9/11, and person-time after 9/11 for 926 non-WTC-exposed firefighters, was classified as non-WTC exposed. Cancer cases were confirmed by matches with state tumour registries or through appropriate documentation. We estimated the ratio of incidence rates in WTC-exposed firefighters to non-exposed firefighters, adjusted for age, race and ethnic origin, and secular trends, with the US National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) reference population. CIs were estimated with overdispersed Poisson models. Additional analyses included corrections for potential surveillance bias and modified cohort inclusion criteria. Findings Compared with the general male population in the USA with a similar demographic mix, the standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) of the cancer incidence in WTC-exposed firefighters was 1·10 (95% CI 0·98–1·25). When compared with non-exposed firefighters, the SIR of cancer incidence in WTC-exposed firefighters was 1·19 (95% CI 0·96–1·47) corrected for possible surveillance bias and 1·32 (1·07–1·62) without correction for surveillance bias. Secondary analyses showed similar effect sizes. Interpretation We reported a modest excess of cancer cases in the WTC-exposed cohort. We remain cautious in our interpretation of this finding because the time since 9/11 is short for cancer outcomes, and the reported excess of cancers is not limited to specific organ types. As in any observational study, we cannot rule out the possibility that effects in the exposed group might be due to unidentified confounders. Continued follow-up will be important and should include cancer screening and prevention strategies. Funding National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

INTRODUCTION: There is a lack of data on early mortality in aggressive lymphomas, particularly HIV-related lymphomas. Patients who present with advanced disease and poor performance status are at a higher risk of adverse outcomes and are not offered clinical trial enrollment. Factors that may contribute to early mortality have not been delineated. In this retrospective analysis, we sought to identify causes and predictors of early mortality, occurring within 180 days of index diagnosis, in patients with HIV-positive and negative DLBCL, at an academic medical center. METHODS: We reviewed an electronic database to identify patients with a diagnosis of HIV-related DLBCL, treated at our center between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2017. We further identified patients with non-HIV positive DLBCL diagnosed from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017. Data on patient demographics, clinical outcomes and treatment was collected. We defined early mortality as those patients who died within 180 days of diagnosis. RESULTS: HIV-NEGATIVE DLBCL: There were 103 HIV-negative patients with DLBCL, with a mean age of 65 years. N=17 (16.5%) patients expired within 180 days of diagnosis. In univariate analysis, factors predicting increased risk of mortality included poor ECOG performance status (PS) 3-4, presence of B-symptoms and higher international prognostic index (IPI) scores (Table 1). In multivariate analysis, poor PS (HR 4.86, p HIV-POSITIVE DLBCL: We identified 82 patients with HIV-positive DLBCL and divided patients into Cohort A (N=25) patients who expired within 180 days and Cohort B (N=57), patients who were alive beyond 180 days. 9 patients died within the first 30 days, 20 patients within 90 days and 25 patients within 180 days of index diagnosis. Both groups predominantly consisted of African-Americans with advanced stage DLBCL with a mean age of 53 and 48 years respectively (p=0.02). In univariate analysis, more patients in Cohort A had Stage 3-4 DLBCL (100% vs. 86%), poorer ECOG PS of 3-4 (52% vs. 7%), higher IPI scores (56% vs. 11%), lower CD4 counts (median of 70 cells/uL vs. 140 cells/uL) and higher LDH (544 U/L vs. 270 U/L). In multivariate analysis, we found that poor ECOG PS (HR 2.4, p We wanted to examine whether the time period of diagnosis affected mortality from HIV-related DLBCL in patients. Group 1 patients were diagnosed from January 2005 to December 2010 (N=20) and Group 2 from January 2011 to December 2017 (N=29). We found that in Group 1, 50% of patients died from progressive disease and 15% of patients died from an acute event. Meanwhile, in Group 2, 38% of patients died from progressive disease, and 52% died from an acute event. Sepsis was the most common acute event in both groups. CONCLUSION: Preventing early mortality in aggressive lymphomas is crucial to improving overall survival. For patients with non-HIV related DLBCL, we found poor ECOG PS and presence of B-symptoms to be predictors of early mortality. In patients with HIV-positive DLBCL, poor ECOG PS, higher LDH and older age were contributing factors. The leading cause of death in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients (2011- 2017) was sepsis followed by progressive disease at 180 days after diagnosis. Although sepsis is a major factor contributing to early mortality and morbidity, it is preventable with prophylaxis against opportunistic infections. In order to decrease sepsis related mortality, we propose early initiation of antimicrobial therapy in patients at high risk based on independent clinical variables identified in this study. A prospective study preventing sepsis in high risk patients is warranted to decrease early mortality in patients with aggressive lymphoma. Disclosures Janakiram: Seattle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Introduction: As people with HIV live longer, the epidemiology of plasma cell disorders (PCD) including MGUS, smoldering myeloma and Multiple myeloma (MM) becomes relevant and remains unknown. Moreover, patients with HIV have a higher incidence of monoclonal proteins which may not be related to an underlying lymphoproliferative disorder[1, 2] . There are mostly anecdotal reports and very few studies in HIV myeloma[3]. A retrospective study of 10 patients with HIV+ve symptomatic MM reported possible therapeutic benefit of ART and reported better overall survival of HIV+ve MM on ART as compared to HIV -ve MM. There is a paucity of data in PCD in this population whose incidence can be expected to increase globally. We conducted a single-institution retrospective study to look at the incidence of PCD. Methodology:We reviewed an electronic database of patients with HIV related PCD treated at Montefiore Medical Center between 2001 and 2018. All patients with a new diagnosis of PCD between January 1 2001 to July 15 2018 were identified. Data on patient demographics, HIV status, clinical outcomes (including mortality) and therapy was collected. Results: Between 2001 and 2018, 14438 patients were identified with HIV and 1986 patients had a monoclonal band in SPEP (13.8%). Based on our previous study, patients who had a definitive monoclonal band or suspected MM underwent a BM biopsy. 34 patients were diagnosed with PCD --MGUS 16 (47.05%), Smoldering MM 1 (2.94%), MM 16 (47.05%) and Primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL) 1 (2.94%). The majority of the patients were AA consistent with demographics of the Bronx. Interestingly HCV co-infection was identified in 50% (n=17) of patients and HBV co-infection was present in 15% (n=5) patients. The median CD4 count was 381 (12-1080), median viral load 237 (0-501534) and 53% patients were on ART at the time of diagnosis. The median time from HIV diagnosis was 13.9 (-2.8 to 29) years. In patients with MGUS the predominant heavy chain involvement was IgG, the median protein on SPEP was 1.1 g (0.7-1.9 g) and percentage of BM involvement was 5% (2-10%). In patients with MM IgG was the predominant heavy chain involved. On presentation, ISS Stage was Stage I in 2 patients (15.4%), 4 (30.7%) had at least Stage 2, 7 patients (53.9%) had stage 3. On presentation, 10 (58.8%) patients presented with anemia, 10 (58.8%) presented with renal impairment (Cr>=1.3), 16 (94.1%) presented with bone lesions, 6 (37.5%) presented with hypercalcemia. 5 patients (34.6%) had extramedullary presentation including 1 patient (2.9%) with PCL, 2 (5.8%) with anaplastic plasmacytoma. All patients were treated with an imid or bortezomib based regimen and there were no unusual side effects in these patients. 5 patients (29.4%) underwent autologous stem cell transplant with successful outcomes. Discussion: The prevalence of a positive SPEP is 13.8% in patients with HIV and the prevalence of plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD) in our population is 0.02%. A previous study from this cohort[2] showed that approximately 6.4% of patients with a positive SPEP developed hematological malignancy and all patients with a faint monoclonal band had lymphoma (70.5%) and those with a definite monoclonal band had myeloma (29.5%). Even though prevalence is less than the general population rate of 3%, as patients with HIV live longer this number may increase. In our study there was a high rate of co-infection with HCV in patients who had a PCD and this needs further investigation to determine causality. PCD developed at a median of 13.9 years after HIV diagnosis. The ISS staging distribution in patients presenting with myeloma is consistent with non HIV myeloma. People with HIV tolerate standard imid or proteasome inhibitor based triple drug therapy and have successful outcomes with autologous transplantation. This is the largest cohort and report describing PCD in HIV population. References:Jou, E., et al., Viral co-infections and paraproteins in HIV: effect on development of hematological malignancies. Ann Hematol, 2016. 95(4): p. 575-80.Jou, E., et al., Retrospective study of the prevalence and progression of monoclonal gammopathy in HIV positive versus HIV negative patients. Hematol Oncol, 2017. 35(1): p. 64-68.Li, G., et al., A retrospective analysis of ten symptomatic multiple myeloma patients with HIV infection: A potential therapeutic effect of HAART in multiple myeloma. Leukemia Research, 2014. 38(9): p. 1079-1084. Disclosures Janakiram: Seattle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Background: Multiple Myeloma (MM) represents 1.8% of all new cancers in the United States and is the second most common hematologic malignancy in the US with 30,000 new cases/year. The highest incidence is amongst African Americans (AA) (SEER, 2018). Increased use of autologous stem cell transplant (AHSCT) as well as introduction of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) and immunomodulatory agents (iMiDs) have led to an improvement in overall survival (OS) from 35.6% between 1998-2001 to 50.7% in 2008-2014 (Child et al. 2003; Pulte et al. 2014). Despite these improvements, outcomes in MM are heterogeneous and are influenced by sociodemographic factors like race and ethnicity, disease biology (laboratory markers, cytogenetics) and access to transplantation (Al-Hamadani, Hashmi, and Go 2014; Ailawadhi et al. 2016). Several large population-based studies report that Hispanics have low stem cell utilization rates, limited access to novel therapeutics and clinical trials as well (Ailawadhi et al. 2018; Costa et al. 2015; Schriber et al. 2017; Pulte et al. 2014). Hence, outcomes for Hispanics and AA lag behind non-Hispanic Whites as well (Pulte et al. 2014). We wanted to evaluate outcomes of MM patients at Montefiore Medical Center where AA and Hispanics have access to novel agents and therapeutics, and most of whom hail from a poor socio-economic status. Methods: We obtained a cohort of patients diagnosed with MM between 1/1/2000-12/31/2017 from the Montefiore Medical Center Cancer Registry database via Clinical Looking Glass software. Socio-demographic characteristics including self-reported ethnicity, date of diagnosis, histology, laboratory parameters (hemoglobin (Hgb), creatinine (Cr), albumin (Alb), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) within 30 days of diagnosis were obtained. Ethnicity and race variables were condensed to Hispanics, Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) and Non-Hispanic African Americans (NHAA). Charlson comorbidity score and its age-adjusted version were calculated. Primary payor (Medicaid, Medicare, private insurance or self-pay) was identified for each patient. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using STATA 15.1 statistical software. OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and HR and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using the cox proportional hazard model. All the variables in the Cox proportional hazard ratio model fulfill the proportional hazard assumption. Results: We identified 1630 patients during the study period; 1502 patients were available for analysis (Table 1) The mean age of diagnosis was 66 years, and NWH were diagnosed at older age when compared to Hispanics or NHAA (71 vs 64 vs 66, p=0.001) respectively. Hispanics had a higher proportion of Medicaid affiliation. The baseline mean Hb (p=0.02), Cr (p=0.02) and LDH (p=0.09) were different; however this difference is unlikely to be clinically relevant (Table 1). Median survival for the cohort was 63 months (95% CI: 59-69). Hispanics had better mean OS (118 months, (95% CI 96-128) as compared to NHW (49 months, 95% CI 40-68)) and NHAA (60 months, 95% CI 53-66) and others (32 months, 95% CI 21-46) (Figure 1). After controlling for age at diagnosis, gender, socioeconomic status, modified Charlson age score, race had a statistically significant impact on the outcome, with NHW (HR-2.01) and NHAA (HR 1.77) having poorer survival when compared to Hispanics (P Conclusion The study cohort is significantly different to prior reports, with a higher rate of NHAA and Hispanics. Hispanics had a higher percentage of Medicaid as primary payor. Contrary to prior reports, we show that with access to novel agents and transplantation, MM in Hispanics has a better OS than AA and NHW. We also show that NHAA (41%) despite being diagnosed at a younger age than NHW continue to have poorer outcomes than Hispanics. Further characterization including risk stratification and cytogenetics is underway to identify factors leading to better and worse outcome in Hispanics and AA respectively. Disclosures Janakiram: Seattle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Introduction Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare, aggressive T cell neoplasm associated with a retrovirus human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) and carries a dismal prognosis. Within the United States, New York, and Florida see the majority of cases due to the concentration of Caribbean immigrants (Zell, Assal et al. 2016, Malpica, Pimentel et al. 2018). SEER data does not include states like New York and Florida where most cases are seen and therefore a true estimate of the disease burden in this country is not known (Chihara, Ito et al. 2012, Adams, Newcomb et al. 2016). Aim We aim to study the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of ATLL in the United States particularly in the state of New York. Methods Data for New York was obtained from the New York State Cancer Registry (NYSCR). Data were also retrieved from 18 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries in the United States. Patients with ATLL (HTLV-1 positive) (includes all variants) were categorized using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition codes ICD-O-3 as 9827/3. Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, all Hispanic and other/unknown in the NYSCR whereas it was categorized as non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, all Hispanic, non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native, non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander, and non-Hispanic unknown race in SEER. ATLL patients ≥ 15 years of age were identified from 1995 to 2014 in SEER and all ages were included in NYSCR. Survival was estimated from SEER follow-up data with Kaplan Meier survival analysis. For NYSCR mean and median survival time (month) for deceased patients - cases diagnosed through death certificate only were removed. NYSCR does not conduct active patient follow-up and assumes patients are still alive if we didn't find a deathmatch through vital record or National Death Index linkages. Results Five hundred and eleven patients with ATLL were identified in SEER. These patients had a median survival of 8 months (m) which was worse than all other subtypes of peripheral T cell lymphoma. (Figure 1) Four hundred and twenty-nine patients with ATLL were identified in NYSCR and these patients had a median survival of 4.5 m. (Figure 2) Over the years from 2000 until 2014 the number of cases diagnosed within SEER registry coverage areas has not changed. In New York state however there has been a doubling in the number of cases diagnosed from 1995 to 2014. (Figure 3A, B) The non-Hispanic black population was diagnosed at a median age of 52.5 in SEER and 54 in NYSCR while the non-Hispanic whites were diagnosed at a median age of 71 in SEER and 64.5 in NYSCR. The Hispanic patients were diagnosed at a median age of 58.5 in NYSCR and 52.5 in SEER. (Figure 4A, B) There was no gender predominance with 50% males in both registries. ATLL patients in SEER were 47.2% non-Hispanic white, 31.7% non-Hispanic black, 9.8% Hispanic and 11.4% other/unknown. There were 5.5% Japanese patients (n=28) diagnosed in SEER. NYSCR had 22.4% non-Hispanic white, 59.4% non-Hispanic black, 15.9% Hispanic and 2.3% other/unknown. (Figure 5A, B) Within SEER registries most cases occurred in New Jersey, California, Connecticut and Georgia. (Figure 6) New York state had a significantly higher number of cases than these states. Seventy four percent cases diagnosed within New York state are diagnosed in New York city and only 26% of cases are diagnosed in upstate New York. Based on reported country of birth within New York state, only 27% of the ATLL cases diagnosed are born in the US whereas 49% are born in the Caribbean (most likely to be from Jamaica, Dominican Republic and Haiti). (Figure 7A, B, C) For SEER and NYSCR the age-adjusted cancer incidence rate by race year and other factors will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions ATLL has a worse prognosis than all other PTCL subtypes. New York State has a high endemicity for ATLL with a rising number of cases. The higher percentage of non-Hispanic black patients in New York compared to the rest of the country is consistent with the diverse racial demographics in this state. Survival varied significantly by race/ethnicity and disparities were evident especially for non-Hispanic blacks who were diagnosed at a younger median age and had a shorter survival. Further research into this aggressive disease is needed to improve outcomes for these patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Introduction: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a retrovirus that has been associated with adult-T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and other inflammatory conditions. Pulmonary involvement has not been widely associated to HTLV infection; however, high rates of imaging abnormalities in patients with and without ATLL have been reported. Okada reported 30%, 69% and 94% of abnormalities in HTLV1 carriers, ATLL and patients that transformed into ATLL. Whether these abnormalities follow a pattern related to each condition individually has not been defined. Hence, we undertook a retrospective study in ATLL and HTLV infected patients to determine the lung abnormalities which could be due to ATLL involvement rather than HTLV infection. Objectives: To compare the CT pulmonary findings among patients with HTLV infection with and without ATLL diagnosed at Montefiore Medical Center between 2004 and 2017. Methods: Patients diagnosed with HTLV infection by ICD9 were identified using the software Clinical Looking Glass and those with an available chest CT scan were selected. Data regarding demographics, smoking history, prior pulmonary conditions, HTLV and ATLL-associated characteristics was collected by chart review. CT chest was reviewed by an expert radiologist who was unaware of the patient diagnosis (ATLL versus non-ATLL) and findings were compared among groups. The staging CT scan was used to determine baseline pulmonary findings in patients with ATLL and the first CT chest around HTLV diagnosis was used for HTLV patients. Results: A total of 97 patients (72 with ATLL and 25 with HTLV alone) were identified. Mean age at HTLV diagnosis was 58.4 years (range: 33-88), 54.6% were females, 72.2% were Black Non-Hispanics while 27.8% were Hispanic. 88.3% were from Caribbean origin. Smoking history was similar between ATLL and non-ATLL groups (12% vs 8%, p=0.07) with no cases of prior active TB infection. Abnormal CT chest findings were present in 92.8%, 94.4% and 88% for the total cohort, ATLL and non-ATLL patients. Among patients with ATLL, 52.1% had acute and 43.7% had lymphomatous types; while only 1.4% and 2.8% had smoldering and chronic type. The most common CT chest findings were lymphadenopathy (50, 69.4%); followed by 3-10 mm nodules (32, 44.4%), ground-glass opacity, pleural effusion (31, 43.1% each), centrilobular nodules (28, 39.4%), thickening of interlobular septum (23, 31.9%) and bronchiectasis (18, 25%). Compared to the acute subtype, patients with lymphomatous subtype had higher rates of lymphadenopathy (83.9% vs 64.9, p=0.07) and lower rates of bronchiectasis (16.1% vs 35.1%, p=0.07). Among patients with non-ATLL, HTLV infection was diagnosed at an older age (63.8 vs. 56.6 years, p=0.03); HTLV-associated comorbidities were found in 16 cases (64%). Of these, myelopathy was the most frequent (10, 40%), followed by strongyloides (4, 16%). After HTLV diagnosis, CT chest was indicated in 28% patients for otherwise unexplained respiratory symptoms and to evaluate lung nodules or other chest X-ray abnormalities in 24% of cases. Bronchiectasis was the most common finding (12, 48%) followed by pleural thickening (11, 44%), ground-glass opacity and thickening of interlobular septum (10, 40%, each). Persistent abnormalities on follow-up imaging were present in 86.7% of the cases. Among patients with HTLV infection, those with ATLL were more likely to have nodules and lymphadenopathy (41.7% vs 20%, p=0.05 and 69.4% vs 24%, p Conclusions: Pulmonary findings are highly prevalent in CT chest of patients with HTLV infection with and without ATLL. Bronchiectasis and pleural thickening was more frequently encountered in non-ATLL patients while lymphadenopathy and nodules were common finding in patients with ATLL. Pulmonary involvement in lymphoma is usually characterized by nodules and lymphadenopathy but patients with ATLL had a higher incidence of findings including ground glass opacities, bronchiectasis and interlobular septal thickening possibly due to their underlying HTLV infection. Based on this data, nodules and lymphadenopathy should be classified as ATLL involvement of the lung while other findings described here could be due to HTLV infection. These findings are important in staging and response criteria for ATLL. Disclosures Janakiram: Seatle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become the first-line treatment of choice for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) after imatinib was shown to offer improved and durable responses.[1,2] Second...

// Monica Zell 1, * , Amer Assal 2, * , Olga Derman 2 , Noah Kornblum 2 , Ramakrishna Battini 2 , Yanhua Wang 3 , Deepa M. Narasimhulu 1 , Ioannis Mantzaris 2 , Aditi Shastri 2 , Amit Verma 2 , Hilda Ye 4 , Ira Braunschweig 2 , Murali Janakiram 2 1 Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA 2 Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center/ Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA 3 Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center/ Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA 4 Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Murali Janakiram, email: mjanakir06@gmail.com Keywords: human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma, allogeneic stem cell transplantation Received: January 27, 2016 Accepted: May 09, 2016 Published: June 22, 2016 ABSTRACT Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare and aggressive disease caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 that predominantly affects Japanese and Caribbean populations. Most studies have focused on Japanese cohorts. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 53 cases of ATLL who presented to our institution between 2003-2014. ATLL in the Caribbean population presents more often as the acute and lymphomatous subtypes, is associated with complex cytogenetics, and has a high rate of CNS involvement. The overall response rate to first-line therapies with anthracycline-based regimens was poor (32%), with a median survival of only 6.9 months. A complete or partial response to first-line regimens was associated with better survival. There was no difference in survival between patients who received chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy with antiviral agents. Allogeneic transplantation was performed in five patients, two of whom achieved complete remission despite residual or refractory disease. Recipients of allogeneic transplantation had significantly improved overall survival compared to non-transplanted patients. This is the first analysis to describe ATLL pathological features, cytogenetics, and response to standard therapy and transplantation in the Caribbean cohort.

Introduction Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a rare, aggressive disease caused by human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV1) that predominantly affects Japanese and Caribbean populations. (Goncalves, Proietti et al. 2010) Most studies have focused on Japanese cohorts. A recent whole genome/exome sequencing of 81 Japanese ATL cases identified alterations that overlap with the HTLV1 Tax interactome and are highly enriched for T cell receptor-NF-kB signaling, and T cell trafficking (Kataoka, Nagata et al. 2015). We recently showed that ATL in Caribbean patients has a poor prognosis and may have distinctive clinical features when compared to the Japanese cohort (Zell, Assal et al. 2016). In order to determine whether there are genomic differences between the two cohorts, we sequenced 15 ATL samples from the Caribbean cohort. Methods In this prospective study we perform comprehensive Next Generation Sequencing to assess the mutational spectrum of ATL in Caribbean patients. Samples were analyzed by complete genetic profiling with the Genoptix Nexcourse complete assay that contains 173 cancer related genes. Patient genomic DNA was utilized to identify relevant single nucleotide variants, insertion/deletions, copy number variations, and translocation fusion genomic alterations in a panel of up to 173 reportable genes at an average mean sequencing depth of 500X coverage. Results In the 15 patients, a total of 49 genes were found to be mutated ranging from 3 to 7 mutated genes in each patient. The percent of mutated genes amongst the total analyzed ranged from 1.7-4% for each patient and the percent of mutated genes known to be pathogenic ranged from 0-2.3% for each patient. There were 18 known pathogenic mutations in a total of 70 genetic mutations identified in this cohort (25.7%). The mean number of mutations in the acute and lymphomatous subtype was approximately 0.9%. Genes most commonly mutated in out cohort were TP53 (26.7%), FAT1 (26.7%), NOTCH1 (20%) and APC (20%). Novel mutations not reported by the Japanese cohort but present in our cohort are - NRAS, KRAS, EZH2, RICTOR, XPO1, VHL (known to be pathogenic), FAT1, APC, DDX3X, KIT, NOTCH2, MYC, TSC1, PLCG2, FGFR2, FGFR4, PDGFRA, EGFR, KEAP1, MCL1, ALK, BCL6, RIPK1, IGF1R, DDR2, KDR, AKT1, ERBB2, NKX2-1, BRCA2, PBRM1, CD79A, STAG2, PTCH1, KMT2A, HIST1HE, SPEN, ASXL1 (not known to be pathogenic). Mutations common to both the Japanese and our Caribbean cohort are - CARD11, TNFAIP3, TRAF3 (TCR signaling/NFkB pathway), NOTCH1 (signaling pathway), GATA3, CEBPA, TBL1XR1 (transcriptional regulation), EP300 (epigenetic regulation), TP53, POT1 (Telomere regulation and DNA repair). Serial analysis of a patient revealed increase in the size of the pathogenic clone with XPO1 mutation. XPO1 has been involved in nuclear transport of p53 and the increase in its clone size occurred with relapse after cytotoxic chemotherapy. The overall survival (OS) was shorter for TP53 mutated patients (99.3 days) versus non TP53 mutated patients (307.8 days). Discussion We report on mutational profiling in the largest cohort of Caribbean ATL and an additional 8 patients will be included in the analysis to be presented at ASH. A significant number of genes found to be mutated affected known pathways in the pathogenesis of ATL. There are known genes which are common between the Japanese and Caribbean cohorts but there are some notable differences. Previously we showed that the Caribbean cohort has a poorer OS than the Japanese cohort. TP53 mutations are more frequent and associated with decreased OS in this cohort. Genes involved in Wnt pathway - FAT1, APC, NOTCH1 were more frequently mutated in our cohort. FAT1 mutations have not been described in ATL. However, they have been implicated in oncogenesis in solid tumors, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. FAT1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene and encodes a cadherin-like protein, which potently suppresses cancer cell growth. Inactivation of FAT1 via mutation therefore promotes Wnt signaling and tumorigenesis and affects patient survival (Morris, Kaufman et al. 2013). In in-vitro models of ATL, Wnt pathway dysregulation has been shown to promote ATL tumorigenesis (Bellon, Ko et al. 2013, Ma, Yasunaga et al. 2013). Based on this study the driver mutations of the Caribbean cohort appear to be the Wnt signaling pathway which is different from the TCR- NF-kB signaling pathway seen in the Japanese cohort. Figure Figure. Disclosures Hall: Genoptix, a Novartis Company: Employment.

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested differences in presentation, prognostic factors and treatment outcomes between blacks and whites with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Such differences, however, are not well described in Hispanics, who are otherwise known to have higher rates of B-ALL and APL compared to whites. This study aimed to examine the relationship of the hispanic ethnicity with non-APL AML baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes in comparison to non-Hispanic whites. Methods: All patients diagnosed with AML between the years 2000-2010 were identified within the Montefiore Medical System in the Bronx, NY. Descriptive statistics were used to compare differences in baseline patient and disease characteristics between white and hispanic subjects. Kaplan Meier survival function was utilized to compare the survival experience of patients, stratified by key prognostic factors. Cox PH multivariable models were constructed to look at ethnic differences in overall survival (OS), adjusted for clinically important and statistically significant prognostic variables. Results: 248 evaluable subjects with newly diagnosed AML were identified, among which 153 were whites (n=80) and Hispanics (n=73). Hispanics were significantly younger at presentation compared to whites [median age 59 (45-71) vs 70yrs (57-82), p Conclusion: In this multiethnic, multiracial, single-center, inner-city adult AML cohort, we report for the first time that even though AML in Hispanics presents at an earlier age, it is associated with worse OS. The higher frequency of deleterious p53 mutations in hispanic AML patients could explain their poorer outcomes. Ongoing mutational studies are testing larger cohorts of patients and will be reported at ASH. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell release is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system through the β (3) adrenergic receptor [Mendez-Ferrer et al. Nature 2008]. Peripheral sympathetic nerve neurons express the G-CSF receptor and stimulation of peripheral sympathetic nerve neurons with G-CSF reduced norepinephrine (NE) reuptake significantly, suggesting that G-CSF potentiates the sympathetic tone by increasing NE availability [Lucas et al Blood 2012]. Based on preclinical data, we investigated the NE reuptake inhibitor desipramine in HSC mobilization. Despite augmentation with Plerixafor (CXCR4 inhibitor), 20% of all patients fail to mobilize 6*10^6 CD34 cells/kg in myeloma and the collection rate with G-CSF alone is 51.1% [Diperiso et al Blood 2012]. The cost of upfront plerixafor is $9,081 per patient while desipramine costs $40. We undertook a feasibility study of adult patients with MM undergoing autologous transplantation (ASCT) to study safety and efficacy of mobilization with desipramine and G-CSF. Patients & Methods: From 2013- 2014, 10 patients between the ages of 18-70, eligible for ASCT were enrolled. Desipramine 100mg daily was administered for 7 days, starting 4 days prior to starting G-CSF (D-3) and continue along with G-CSF for a total of 7 days. CBC and CD34 counts were determined on Day+5. If CD34 counts were > 10/ul, stem cell collection was commenced and if < 10/ul, plerixafor was added as salvage therapy. The endpoints were safety and efficacy in mobilizing CD34 cells for ASCT in patients with multiple myeloma. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as [NCT01899326][1]. Results Six of ten patients enrolled completed the protocol and underwent stem cell transplantation. Reasons for not completing were 1. Lack of insurance coverage 2. Non-compliance with study treatment 3. Disease relapse prior to ASCT. Five patients did not have any grade 3 or 4 adverse events and 1 had disease-related Grade 4 hypercalcemia and Grade 2 AKI at the time of stem cell mobilization. No patients had significant treatment related adverse effects. All 6 patients who completed the protocol achieved the target collection of 5*10^6 CD34 cells/kg. Four patients achieved 6*10^6 CD34 cells/kg or more and the remaining 2 patients achieved 5.52 and 5.92 *10^6 CD34 cells/kg respectively. Among the 6 patients, 2 patients received salvage plerixafor. The median time to achieve WBC >1000/ul, ANC >500/ul and platelets>20k was 11.5, 11, 13.5 days | | Age | Ind. Regimne | Disease status | P | PB CD34/ul | CD34 collected *10^6 / kg | Total CD34/kg collected | Engraftment (Days to) | Adverse effects from desipramine | | - | ------------------------- | -------------------- | -------------- | - | ---------- | ---------------------------------- | ----------------------- | --------------------- | -------------------------------- | ---- | | | | | | | D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D2 | D3 | D4 | | ANC >0.5 | Platelets> 20k | G1,G2 | G3,G4 | | 1 | 62 Free λ | VRD | VGPR | N | 45.8 | 66.0 | | | 7.01 | | | 7.01 | 12 | 13 | none | none | | 2 | 50 Free λ | VRD | VGPR | N | 88.0 | 143.5 | | | 12.22 | | | 12.22 | 12 | 12 | none | none | | 3 | 58 IgA | VCD | VGPR | N | 38.0 | 67.7 | 31.6 | | 4.22 | 2.75 | | 6.97 | 13 | 17 | none | none | | 4 | 70 IgAκ | VRD | VGPR | Y | 2.40 | 40.2 | 16.6 | | 4.31 | 1.61 | | 5.92 | 12 | 14 | none | none | | 5 | 56 IgGκ | VCD | VGPR | Y | 8.70 | 11.9 | 37.1 | 19.4 | 1.33 | 4.57 | 1.61 | 7.51 | 11 | 12 | none | none | | 6 | 70 IgGλ | VD RD | Relapse | N | 76.2 | 97.1 | | | 5.54 | | | 5.54 | 11 | 20 | AKI | hypercalcemia | Table 1. P-Plerixafor; V-Velcade; R-Lenalidomide; D-Dexamethasone; C-Cyclophosphamide Conclusions Overall G-CSF + Desipramine combination appears to be safe, well tolerated and shows signs of efficacy. G-CSF and desipramine was successful in 4/6 (66%) and all achieved the stem cell collection in 2 days or less. Desipramine, GCSF and Plerixafor was successful in all (6/6) patients to achieve a target of 5*10^6 CD34 cells/kg. The mean number of CD34 cells collected in the desipramine+ G-CSF mobilisers was 7.24*10^6 CD34 cells/kg which, based on historical data, is higher than what would be expected with G-CSF alone even though 3/4 of these patients had lenalidomide as induction therapy. Based on these results, a phase II clinical study evaluating the efficacy of G-CSF with desipramine with or without salvage plerixafor in multiple myeloma and lymphoma will be initiated. Disclosures Barta: Seattle Genetics: Research Funding. [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT01899326&atom=%2Fbloodjournal%2F126%2F23%2F3101.atom

Introduction High dose therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has an established role in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The most commonly used conditioning regimen in this setting is high-dose melphalan (200mg/m2; Mel200), which has been shown to result in improved progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Achievement of a complete response (CR) following ASCT is an indicator for freedom from relapse, as well as PFS and OS. The CR rate observed after Mel200 followed by ASCT is between 10-35%. There is evidence that the combination of busulfan (Bu) and melphalan (Mel) results in longer PFS and OS compared to Mel alone. Additionally, the use of bortezomib (Btz) during conditioning with either high dose Mel alone or the combination of Mel and intravenous (i.v.) Bu has shown to be both safe and to have promising efficacy. The objective of our trial is to assess whether the combination of PK-directed Bu, Mel and Btz (BuMelBtz) during conditioning for a first ASCT in MM patients is both safe and efficacious. Methods Patients aged 18-72 with multiple myeloma, who had 1) measurable disease, 2) received less than one year of prior myeloma-directed therapy, 3) adequate organ function and performance status, and 4) an indication for ASCT were eligible. Exclusion criteria were >/= grade 2 neuropathy, prior stem cell transplant, uncontrolled intercurrent illnesses or comorbidities, unresolved >/= grade 2 toxicities from prior therapies, and prior malignancies except non-melanoma skin cancer. Treatment consisted of PK-directed i.v. Bu (4 daily 3-hour infusions from day (D) -6 to -3 to target a total AUC of 20,000 μMxmin), i.v. Mel 140mg/m2 on D-2, and i.v. Btz 1.4mg/m2 on D-6, -4, +1 and +4. The individual daily doses for Bu on D-6 and D-5 were determined by PK measures following a test dose (0.8mg/kg) 5-9 days prior to first Bu treatment dose; the last 2 doses (day -4 and -3) could be adjusted following another PK measure after the first full treatment dose on D -6. Stem cells were infused on D0. Subsequent consolidative or maintenance therapy was left to investigator choice. Primary outcome was CR rate assessed on D +100 post ASCT as per IMWG criteria. Secondary outcomes were overall response rate (ORR), toxicities, PFS and OS. The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01605032). Results To date, 13 patients have been treated. The median age was 63 years (range 44-70), 62% (n=8) were male, 23% had ISS stage 3 (3/13), no patient had high risk cytogenetic features. The median number of regimens prior to ASCT was 1 (range 1-3) and included bortezomib in 92% (n=12). Prior to BuMelBtz the best treatment response had been stable disease (SD) in 3 patients, partial response (PR) in 8; only 1 patient each had achieved a very good partial response (VGPR) or CR. Following BuMelBtz/ASCT, median days to ANC >/=0.5 x 109/L and platelet count >/=30 x 109/L were 11 (range 10-13) and 17 (11-29), respectively. The most common non-hematological toxicities were alopecia (100%), oral mucositis (62% G3), dysphagia (85% G3, but no patient required TPN or enteral feeding), as well as electrolyte abnormalities (62% G3/4). Other common toxicities were nausea (92%, all G1/2), diarrhea (84% G1/2, 8% G3), while 77% of patients developed fully reversible transaminitis (15% G3). Less common G3 toxicities included delirium (8%), colitis (8%), skin infection (zoster, 8%), other infections (23%), and delirium (8%). One patient developed GI symptoms suggestive of acute GVHD on a gastric biopsy 8 weeks after ASCT. No patient developed sinusoidal obstruction syndrome of the liver. At 100 days post BuMelBtz/ASCT, response assessment was available for 8 patients: 1 achieved a stringent CR (12.5%), 4 VGPR (50%), and 3 PR (37.5%), resulting in a 100% ORR. One patient improved from a VGPR to a stringent CR during follow up. After a median follow up of 5 months (range 1-15) all patients are alive and no patient has relapsed. The trial is ongoing. Conclusion PK directed i.v. Bu in combination with Mel and Btz (BuMelBtz) is an effective and safe conditioning regimen for patients with multiple myeloma. Further evaluation is warranted. Disclosures: Barta: Otsuka: Research Funding; Onyx: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria. Off Label Use: IV Busulfan for the treatment of multiple myeloma.

Introduction: Bortezomib (Velcade¨; V), a proteasome inhibitor, is currently FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) and relapsed mantle cell lymphoma. Common side effects reported with its use include thrombocytopenia, fatigue, peripheral neuropathy and neutropenia. Ocular complications associated with bortezomib are less well described. We describe 6 patients with multiple myeloma who developed meibomitis, multiple chalazions and blepharitis after treatment with bortezomib containing regimens, resulting in delay and in some cases termination of the therapy. Methods: We reviewed the charts of forty patients who received induction chemotherapy for multiple myeloma between June 2013-June 2014 at Montefiore Medical Center, New York. Charts were reviewed for data pertaining to demographics, chemotherapy regimen and schedule as well as follow up of ocular symptoms. Results: Six of these forty (15%) patients complained about bilateral eye soreness, itching and redness. They did not have any evidence of viral or upper respiratory infections. Ophthalmology evaluation showed blepharitis, meibomitis and multiple chalazion. Majority of the patients were 60 years or greater, with 50% African-Americans. Half of the cases had stage 3 MM with a median duration of chemotherapy 8 weeks prior to onset of ocular symptoms. 4 of these 6 patients received VCD regimen (Bortezomib via subcutaneous route and Cyclophosphamide/ Dexamethasone as tablets) while the remaining 2 patients received VD and VCD-R (addition of Lenalidomide) via intravenous and subcutaneous route respectively. Ocular symptoms led to a 1-3 week delay in the next cycle of chemotherapy. These symptoms promptly responded to withdrawal of chemotherapy and other conservative measures. Chemotherapy was resumed in 4 out of 6 patients, with recurrence of chalazion in two patients within 3 weeks of starting Bortezomib. Conclusions: Ocular symptoms are commonly seen but rarely reported with bortezomib therapy. They can adversely affect patient's quality of life as well as lead to interruption in chemotherapy. Although these symptoms respond well to withdrawal of chemotherapy and conservative measures, the rate of recurrence is high once bortezomib is resumed. Awareness of these complications and early intervention can potentially avoid treatment delay. Figure 1 Figure 1. Figure 2 Figure 2. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Introduction: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and aggressive lymphoma, with an immunophenotype of a terminally differentiated B-lymphocyte. It is more likely to occur in HIV-positive individuals, commonly involves oral sites, and is associated with EBV infection. However, in recent years, there have been several case reports suggesting the changing epidemiology of PBL affecting HIV-negative patients and increasingly involving non-oral sites. In order to investigate the epidemiology of PBL we conducted a retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients diagnosed with PBL at Montefiore Medical Center between Jan 1997 and May 2014. Patient demographics, tumor location and pathological characteristics, laboratory data, treatment received, and survival data were recorded. Results: A total of 16 patients (8 males, 8 females) with PBL were identified. Median age of all patients was 55.5 years (IQR, 37.3- 62.0), 10/16 (62.5%) patients were HIV positive (median age, 39.5; median CD4, 151.5) and 6/16 (37.5%) were HIV negative, including one post renal transplant patient. Most of the patients had extra-oral involvement 11/16 (68.8%) with the commonest extra-oral site being the GI tract. Half of the patients were Ann Arbor Stage III or IV and the median LDH was only mildly increased at 256 (IQR, 200.5-431.5) despite these tumors having a high Ki67. All tumors were CD20 negative and positive for CD138. EBV encoded small RNA (EBER) was positive in 13/16 patients (81.3%) and was more sensitivie than the EBV latent membrane protein 1 which was positive in only 68.8% of patients suggesting EBV infection. HHV-8 was negative in 12/16 (75%) patients. Only half of the patients (62.6%) had evidence of free light chain restriction (Kappa-restricted, 43.8%, Lambda-restricted, 18.8%). Data on Ki67 was available in 12/16 patients, and 8/12 patients had a Ki67 of >=90%. 4/12 (33.3%) patients had a Ki67 = Most of the patients received chemotherapy (75%), of which, 7/12 (58.3%) patients received combination chemotherapy with EPOCH. 3/12 (25%) received consolidation with autologous stem cell transplantation. The median overall survival calculated as the number of months from diagnosis to last follow up or date of death was 17 months (0-54). It is of note that 3/16 patients were initially diagnosed with solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP)/plasmacytoid neoplasm, and the disease course led to revision of the diagnosis to PBL. Conclusion: This is an important study highlighting the epidemiological changes in PBL, an aggressive B cell neoplasm, which is not limited to the HIV-positive population, nor to oral sites. In fact, more than half of our patients with PBL presented with tumors involving extra-oral sites. These tumors were CD 20 negative, and CD 138 positive, and the majority were EBER positive and HHV8 negative. A low Ki67 does not rule out the diagnosis of PBL. Distinction of PBL from SEP may be challenging and the aggressive clinical course of the former may occasionally be the only pointer to the diagnosis. Overall prognosis remains poor and new approaches are warranted in the management of this disease. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Introduction: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare mature T-cell malignancy associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection that is endemic in Japan, Western Africa and the Caribbean. Most studies focus on Japanese ATLL and little is known about the presentation and outcomes in the Caribbean population. We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinicopathologic features, treatment patterns and disease outcomes of ATLL in a large, predominantly Caribbean cohort in the Bronx. Methods: Patient records were queried using a data mining software to identify all cases of HTLV positivity and ATLL. The diagnosis of ATLL was confirmed based on clinical history, pathological findings and HTLV-1 positivity. We used the Shimoyama criteria to confirm ATLL subtypes. A minority of patients in our cohort presented with chronic disease (n=2), so this analysis focuses on acute and lymphomatous cases. Date of discharge to palliative care was equated to date of death when it was not available (n=10) and a clear documentation of refractory progressive disease was confirmed. Results: We identified 51 cases of ATLL at Montefiore Medical Center- Albert Einstein College of Medicine between 2003 and 2014, and present 43 patients (31 acute, 12 lymphomatous) who were diagnosed and treated at our institution. Median age at presentation was 54 (range 28-87), with most patients (67%) younger than 60 years. Female predominance was noted (63%) which differs from the Japanese literature. All patients were of Caribbean origin (96%) except one each from Ghana and Honduras. Of tested patients (67%), none were positive for HIV. The majority of patients had the classic CD4+/CD8- ATLL immunophenotype (90%), while fewer had an atypical phenotype (CD4+/CD8+ (6%) or CD4-/CD8- (4%)). Patients presented with generalized lymphadenopathy (82%), bone marrow involvement (79%), hepatosplenomegaly (56%), skin involvement (33%), lung involvement (23%), lytic lesions (21%) or central nervous system (CNS) involvement (38%). Lab abnormalities included hypercalcemia (64%), leukocytosis (61%) and an LDH above 200 in all patients. Features of higher risk disease (hypercalcemia, high LDH, bone marrow and CNS involvement) are more prevalent in this cohort than previously reported in Japanese cohorts. Clonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangements were present in all patients. In the 10 patients who underwent cytogenetic testing, multiple cytogenetic abnormalities were present including aneuploidy of ATLL hot spot 14q32 in 50% of patients. Other loci of abnormalities found in two or more patients included: 11q23, 11q13, 9p13, 19p13, 3q21, 20q11, and 14q10, some of which (11q, 19p, and 20q) have not been previously described. Overall 79% of patients received first-line treatment, while 21% were not treated due to poor performance status and other comorbidities. Chemotherapy alone was administered in 53% of patients (45% acute, 67% lymphomatous), chemotherapy with concurrent antiretroviral therapy in 41% (50% acute, 25% lymphomatous), and antiretroviral therapy alone in 4% (5% acute, 8% lymphomatous) of patients. First-line chemotherapy regimens included CHOP (25%), EPOCH (66%), and hyper CVAD (13%). Antiretroviral therapy included nucleoside analogs (64%) and integrase inhibitors (36%). Complete response rate for first-line therapy was 21%. Strikingly, only one patient was cured after first-line therapy. Median overall survival (OS) was 5.5 months. For patients who received first-line therapy, median OS was 7 months compared to 0.5 months in patients who did not. One hundred day mortality was 35% from the date of diagnosis. Matched donors were scarce for this population. Only 5 patients underwent allogeneic HSCT as matched donors were difficult to find; 2 died from acute GVHD, 1 was recently transplanted in the past 100 days and is in complete remission and 2 patients are alive for greater than 12 months. Conclusion: We present the largest descriptive case series of ATLL in the Caribbean population and show that it is a distinct disease entity when compared to Japanese cohorts. Caribbean ATLL has a worse prognosis, presents predominantly in acute and lymphomatous stages and has a high rate of primary refractory or relapsed disease after chemotherapy. These data suggest that allogeneic HSCT should be considered early in this population and reinforces the acute need for novel treatments for this disease. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Introduction: Recent approval of second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) has raised issues about their efficacy and pharmaco-economic utility in front line therapy of CML. We aimed to study these issues as well as reasons for switching TKIs in a real world setting of inner-city, multi-ethnic, underserved patient populations. Methods: We conducted an analysis of CML treatment and outcomes in an inner city cohort in the Bronx, NY. We identified 149 confirmed cases of CML that were treated over the last 17 years. All chart review was conducted by one of the study authors and discrepancies were reviewed by at least two of the authors. Data were analyzed using Chi-squared, t-testing for unpaired samples, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine significance. Mortality was analyzed using Kaplan-Meir curves. Results: Demographics and Presentation:The mean age at time of presentation was 50 years (range 10 - 89 years, n=124). Average follow-up time was 5.1 (± 3.9) years. The cohort was minority rich and included 38.9% Hispanic, 32.9% African American, 18.8% Caucasian, 6.7% Asian and 2.7% multi-ethnic. The majority of the patients had private insurance or Medicare (62.4%), followed by Medicaid (30.9%) and emergency Medicaid (6.7%). The majority of evaluable patients presented in chronic phase (96.1%). Treatment Patterns: Front-line therapy was a 1st generation TKI (imatinib) in the majority of evaluable patients (83.9%) followed by a 2nd generation TKI (dasatinib or nilotinib) (11%). Rates of imatinib use as first line therapy were similar for both Private/Medicare (82.1%) and Medicare (88.1%) patients. Interestingly, a higher percentage of patients with Emergency Medicaid were started on a 2nd generation TKI (22.2%) as opposed to Private/Medicare and Medicaid (9.0% and 11.9% respectively). This was due to the availability of patient assistance programs to pay for TKIs. After the approval of dasatinib and nilotinib in 2008, there was increased use of the 2nd generation TKIs as first line though a majority of patients were still treated with imatinib as first line (72.2%, 80.0%, and 66.7% for Private/Medicare, Medicaid and Emergency Medicaid respectively). Outcomes:At the time of conclusion of the study, a total of 31 patients had expired. Twenty patients were evaluable for therapy at the time of death, percentages of patients on 1st, 2nd and 3rd line therapy were 10%, 50%, and 25% respectively. Allogeneic stem cell transplant was performed in 15% of expired patients. Of evaluable live patients (n=109), 45.9% were receiving the original front line therapy, whereas 37.6% and 16.5% were receiving second and third line therapies respectively. Regarding reasons for switch from a one TKI to another, we noted 34 patients who had been switched from a 1st to a 2nd generation TKI. Progression of disease was the cause in 53.0% of cases, followed by lack of response (17.6%), adverse events (14.7%), cytopenias (8.8%) and intolerance (5.9%). Two patients were switched from a 2nd generation TKI to a 1st generation, and both cases were due to intolerance. Overall survival of the cohort at 2 and 5 years was 94% and 82% respectively. No differences in survival were detected between different ethnicities, gender and age groups. Emergency Medicaid patients had a poorer overall survival compared to other insurance types though this did not reach statistical significance (p=0.0928). Interestingly, overall survival was similar for patients treated with 1st of 2nd generation TKIs as first line therapy (Median survival not reached, Log rank P value =0.4). Discussion: We analyzed CML outcomes and treatment patterns in a large inner city underserved multiethnic cohort in the Bronx. The CML population reflected the ethnic composition of the borough which is predominantly Hispanic and African American. The majority of patients presented in chronic phase CML which is in agreement with other studies. Majority of patients were started on imatinib as first line therapy and had similar overall survival to those that were started on Dasatinib or Nilotinib. The majority of patients who were switched from a first generation TKI to a second generation TKI were due to relapse or lack of adequate response. Our results suggest that TKIs are successfully used in real world populations and are leading to high overall survival even with use of imatinib as first line therapy. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.