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Background Trauma is one of the most common causes of enophthalmos, and post-traumatic enophthalmos primarily results from an increased volume of the bony orbit. We achieved good long-term results by simultaneously using an anatomical absorbable implant and iliac bone graft to correct post-traumatic enophthalmos. Methods From January 2012 to December 2016, we performed operations on seven patients with post-traumatic enophthalmos. In all seven cases, reduction surgery for the initial trauma was performed at our hospital. Hertel exophthalmometry, clinical photography, three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT), and orbital volume measurements using software to calculate the specific volume captured on 3D-CT (ITK-SNAP, Insight Toolkit-SNAP) were performed preoperatively and postoperatively. Results Patients were evaluated based on exophthalmometry, clinical photographs, 3D-CT, and orbital volume measured by the ITK-SNAP program at 5 days and 1 year postoperatively, and all factors improved significantly compared with the preoperative baseline. Complications such as hematoma or extraocular muscle limitation were absent, and the corrected orbital volume was well maintained at the 1-year follow-up visit. Conclusion We present a method to correct enophthalmos by reconstructing the orbital wall using an anatomical absorbable implant and a simultaneous autologous iliac bone graft. All cases showed satisfactory results for enophthalmos correction. We suggest this method as a good option for the correction of post-traumatic enophthalmos.

Phthalate exposure and lower handgrip strength in an elderly population: A repeated-measures study. Table S1. Correlations between handgrip strengths (kg) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015). Table S2. Distribution of urinary phthalate metabolites (μg/L) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015). Table S3. Correlations between Phthalate Metabolite Levels (μg/L) Measured at Three Surveys in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015). Table S4. Correlations between Levels of Each Phthalate Metabolites (μg/L) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015). Table S5. Associations between Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations (Log-transformed, μg/g Creatinine) and Handgrip Strength in Multiple Pollutant Models (n = 892) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015). Table S6. Associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations (log transformed, μg/g creatinine) and handgrip strength, stratified by the median of the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio (n = 391) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015). Table S7. Associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations (log transformed, μg/g creatinine) and handgrip strength, stratified by the 90th quantile of the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio (n = 391) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015).Table S8. Associations between Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations (Log-transformed, μg/g Creatinine) and Handgrip Strength after Excluding Those Who had been Diagnosed with Stroke (n = 1,181), Osteoporosis, or Osteoarthritis (n = 815). Table S9. Associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations (log transformed, μg/g creatinine) and handgrip strength, after inverse probability weighting for follow-up (n = 1,228) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015). Table S10. Associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations (log transformed, μg/g creatinine) and handgrip strength stratified by the 75th quantile of the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, after inverse probability weighting for follow-up (n = 391) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015). (DOCX 41 kb)

Photodiodes are widely used to convert lights into electrical signals. The conventional silicon (Si) based photodiodes boast high photoelectric conversion efficiency and detectivity. However, in general, inorganic-based photodiodes have low visible wavelength sensitivity due to their infrared wavelength absorption. Recently, electrical conducting polymer-based photodiodes have received significant attention due to their flexibility, low cost of production and high sensitivity of visible wavelength ranges. In the present work, we fabricated an organic photodiode (OPD) consisting of ITO/ NiOx/ P3HT:PC60BM/ YbF3/ Al. In the OPD, a yitterbium fluoride (YbF3) buffer layer was used as the electron transport layer. The OPD was analyzed for its optical-electrical measurements, including J-V characteristics, detectivity and dynamic characteristics. We have investigated the physical effects of the YbF3 buffer layer on the performance of OPD such as its carrier extraction, leakage current and ohmic characteristics.

This paper presents a new complete coverage algorithm of a robotic vacuum cleaner (RVC) with a low-cost sensor in an unknown environment. To achieve complete coverage, the RVC must have navigation systems for precise position estimation with localization and a prior map or a map using information that has been continuously collected from the environment. To do this, two-dimensional laser range finders and vision sensors are becoming increasingly popular in mobile robotics, and various methods using sensors like these have been introduced by many researchers. However, it is difficult to apply the methods to sensors used in most RVCs due to their constraints. In this paper, we present a new method applied to most RVCs. For developing the method, we considered the two main problems of maintaining low computational load, and coping with low-cost sensor systems with limited range, detection uncertainty and measurement error. To solve the problems, we propose an assumption that major structures of an indoor env...

Characteristics of the study population and subjects not included in the current analysis (DOC 43Â kb)

Combined effects of dietary antioxidant intake, ETS, and glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) polymorphism on diagnosis of asthma (DOC 65Â kb)

Combined effects of dietary antioxidant intake, ETS, and glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) polymorphism on diagnosis of asthma (DOC 65Â kb)

Nafion/poly(ether(amino sulfone)) acid-base blend polymer electrolyte membranes were prepared and their proton conductivity and dimethyl ether permeability were investigated. Characteristics of direct dimethyl ether fuel cell (DDMEFC) performance using prepared blend membrane were studied. The increase of amine groups in the base polymer in composite membranes resulted in the decrease in dimethyl ether permeability. The proton conductivity of the blend membranes gradually increased as increasing temperature. The conductivity of Nafion/PEAS-0.6 (85:15) blend membranes was measured to be which was higher than that of the recast Nafion. The performance of direct dimethyl ether fuel cell (DDMEFC) using the Nafion/PEAS blend membranes was higher than that using membrane. Enhanced performance of direct dimethyl ether fuel cells using Nafion/PEAS blend membrane was explained by reducing dimethyl ether (DME) crossover through the electrolyte membrane and maintenance of the proton conductivity at high temperature.

Background: Cadmium is known to cause hypertension in animals, yet their association in epidemiologic studies has been inconsistent and mechanism of association is still unclear. Cadmium may interf...

A computer model for a distributed associative memory has been developed based on Walsh-Hadamard functions. In this memory device, the information storage is distributed over the entire memory medium and thereby lends itself to parallel comparison of the input with stored data. These inherent economic storage and parallel processing capabilities may be found effective especially in real-time processing of large amount of information. However, overlaying different pieces of data in the same memory medium creates the problem of interference or crosstalk between stored data and may lead to recognition errors. In this paper, a crosstalk reduction technique utilizing the gradient descent procedure is developed first. This minimizes the memory processing error and enhances memory saving. Second, for an efficient implementation of the memory structure, these associative memories are configured in a hierarchical structure which not only expands storage capacity but also utilizes the speed of tree search. Finally, a self-correcting technique is developed which achieves error-free recognition of near neighbors for any training pattern even among the presence of crosstalk.