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5. Observations and Orbits of Comets

Author

Nikolov, G., Sunay Ibryamov, Radeva, V., Kostov, A., Napetova, M., Bacci, P., Fagioli, G., Tesi, L., Brunetto, L., Jaeger, M., Prosperi, E., Prosperi, S., Vollmann, W., Lehmann, G., Knoefel, A., Buzzi, L., Almendros, I., Hasubick, W., Donati, S., Trondal, O., Snodgrass, C., Kadota, K., Abe, H., Seki, T., Rodriguez, D., Vinko, J., Sarneczky, K., Tholen, D. J., Sheppard, S., Nakata, F., Kashuba, V., Gorbanev, Y., Podlesnyak, S., Zhukov, V., Kashuba, S., Stogneeva, I., Baransky, A., Jewitt, D. C., Hui, M. -T, Melia, R., Colazo, C., Durig, D. T., Ikari, Y., Castellano, J., Dupouy, P., Vanssay, J. B., Storey, D., Muller, J. J., Denzau, H., Nicolas, J., Klotz, A., Kugel, F., Rinner, C., Sonka, A., Bel, J., Beck, S., Noel, T., Bryssinck, E., Soulier, J. -F, Diepvens, A., Aledo, J., Shurpakov, S., Dangl, G., Mainzer, A. K., Bauer, J. M., Grav, T., Masiero, J. R., Dailey, J. W., Cutri, R. M., Wright, E. L., Nugent, C., Sonnett, S., Stevenson, R., Tercu, O., Dumitriu, A., Mantero, A., Cervini, I., Hills, K., Takahashi, T., Herald, D., Lister, T., Primak, N., Schultz, A., Goggia, T., Willman, M., Evans, A. J., Banks, L., Blythe, M., Brungard, R., Festler, P., Mcvey, T., Paige, J., Robertson, W., Spitz, G., Brown, G., Byun, C., Cornell, M., Goldberg, M., Klein, A., Parham, J., Ruprecht, J., Ushomirsky, G., Viggh, H., Woods, D., Lau, P. S., Paul, N., Elenin, L., Savanevych, V., Bryukhovetskiy, A., Hug, G., Sherrod, P. C., Sherrod, L. P., Bell, C., Peterson, H., Chapman, A., Martin, J. L., Carrillo, J., Tilley, S. M., Limon, F., Gonzalez, J., Hernandez, J. F., Garcia, F., Benavides, R., Birtwhistle, P., Armengol, F., Morales, M., Arnold, L., Hudin, L., Tsai, S. -H, Chen, T., Liu, J., Teerasak, T., Sato, H., Guido, E., Howes, N., Nicolini, M., Novichonok, A., Urbanik, M., Jacques, C., Pimentel, E., Barros, J., Prystavski, T., Oey, J., Camilleri, P., Williams, H., Maury, A., Bosch, J. -G, Santucho, M., Valero, J., Soldan A, F. C., Linan, G., and Williams, G. V.

12. Metronomic chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer patients in the real world practice: Final results of the VICTOR-6 study

Author

M.E. Cazzaniga, G. Pinotti, E. Montagna, D. Amoroso, R. Berardi, A. Butera, K. Cagossi, L. Cavanna, M. Ciccarese, S. Cinieri, E. Cretella, E. De Conciliis, A. Febbraro, F. Ferraù, A. Ferzi, G. Fiorentini, A. Fontana, A.R. Gambaro, O. Garrone, V. Gebbia, D. Generali, L. Gianni, F. Giovanardi, A. Grassadonia, V. Leonardi, P. Marchetti, E. Melegari, A. Musolino, M. Nicolini, C. Putzu, F. Riccardi, D. Santini, S. Saracchini, M.G. Sarobba, M.G. Schintu, G. Scognamiglio, P. Spadaro, C. Taverniti, D. Toniolo, P. Tralongo, A. Turletti, R. Valenza, M.R. Valerio, P. Vici, L. Clivio, V. Torri, F. Cicchiello, F. Riva, I. Vallini, M. Mazza, C. Bonfadini, E. Bordin, M. Canicattì, F. Cappuccio, E. Collovà, C. De Angelis, R. Desorte, S. Donati, G. Drudi, D. Galanti, C. Mocerino, L. Orlando, B. Pellegrino, L. Pizzuti, C. Ridolfi, A. Rocca, D. Sarti, I. Spagnoletti, N. Tinari, A. Vandone, L. Vizzini, Cazzaniga M.E., Pinotti G., Montagna E., Amoroso D., Berardi R., Butera A., Cagossi K., Cavanna L., Ciccarese M., Cinieri S., Cretella E., De Conciliis E., Febbraro A., Ferrau F., Ferzi A., Fiorentini G., Fontana A., Gambaro A.R., Garrone O., Gebbia V., Generali D., Gianni L., Giovanardi F., Grassadonia A., Leonardi V., Marchetti P., Melegari E., Musolino A., Nicolini M., Putzu C., Riccardi F., Santini D., Saracchini S., Sarobba M.G., Schintu M.G., Scognamiglio G., Spadaro P., Taverniti C., Toniolo D., Tralongo P., Turletti A., Valenza R., Valerio M.R., Vici P., Clivio L., Torri V., Cicchiello F., Riva F., Vallini I., Mazza M., Bonfadini C., Bordin E., Canicatti M., Cappuccio F., Collova E., De Angelis C., Desorte R., Donati S., Drudi G., Galanti D., Mocerino C., Orlando L., Pellegrino B., Pizzuti L., Ridolfi C., Rocca A., Sarti D., Spagnoletti I., Tinari N., Vandone A., Vizzini L., Cazzaniga, M, Pinotti, G, Montagna, E, Amoroso, D, Berardi, R, Butera, A, Cagossi, K, Cavanna, L, Ciccarese, M, Cinieri, S, Cretella, E, De Conciliis, E, Febbraro, A, Ferrau, F, Ferzi, A, Fiorentini, G, Fontana, A, Gambaro, A, Garrone, O, Gebbia, V, Generali, D, Gianni, L, Giovanardi, F, Grassadonia, A, Leonardi, V, Marchetti, P, Melegari, E, Musolino, A, Nicolini, M, Putzu, C, Riccardi, F, Santini, D, Saracchini, S, Sarobba, M, Schintu, M, Scognamiglio, G, Spadaro, P, Taverniti, C, Toniolo, D, Tralongo, P, Turletti, A, Valenza, R, Valerio, M, Vici, P, Clivio, L, Torri, V, Cicchiello, F, Riva, F, Vallini, I, Mazza, M, Bonfadini, C, Bordin, E, Canicatti, M, Cappuccio, F, Collova, E, De Angelis, C, Desorte, R, Donati, S, Drudi, G, Galanti, D, Mocerino, C, Orlando, L, Pellegrino, B, Pizzuti, L, Ridolfi, C, Rocca, A, Sarti, D, Spagnoletti, I, Tinari, N, Vandone, A, and Vizzini, L

Subjects
Adult, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cyclophosphamide, Settore MED/06 - Oncologia Medica, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Vinorelbine, Drug Administration Schedule, Antineoplastic Agent, Efficacy, Capecitabine, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Retrospective Studie, Internal medicine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Progression-free survival, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocol, business.industry, Metronomic chemotherapy, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Metastatic breast cancer, Metronomic Chemotherapy, Survival Rate, Methotrexate, Treatment Outcome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MED/06 - ONCOLOGIA MEDICA, Female, Surgery, business, Breast Neoplasm, Human, medicine.drug
Abstract

Metronomic chemotherapy (mCHT) refers to the minimum biologically effective dose of a chemotherapy agent given as a continuous dosing regimen, with no prolonged drug-free breaks, that leads to antitumor activity. Aim of the present study is to describe the use of mCHT in a retrospective cohort of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients in order to collect data regarding the different types and regimens of drugs employed, their efficacy and safety. Between January 2011 and December 2016, data of 584 metastatic breast cancer patients treated with mCHT were collected. The use of VRL-based regimens increased during the time of observation (2011: 16.8% - 2016: 29.8%), as well as CTX-based ones (2011: 17.1% - 2016: 25.6%), whereas CAPE-based and MTX-based regimens remained stable. In the 1st-line setting, the highest ORR and DCR were observed for VRL-based regimens (single agent: 44% and 88%; combination: 36.7% and 82.4%, respectively). Assuming VRL-single agent as the referee treatment (median PFS: 7.2 months, 95% CI: 5.3–10.3), the longest median PFS were observed in VRL-combination regimens (9.5, 95%CI 88.8–11.3, HR = 0.72) and in CAPE-single agent (10.7, 95%CI 8.3–15.8, HR = 0.70). The VICTOR-6 study provides new data coming from the real-life setting, by adding new information regarding the use of mCHT as an option of treatment for MBC patients.

Published
2019

13. Efficacy and safety of Everolimus and Exemestane in hormone-receptor positive (HR+) human-epidermal-growth-factor negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer patients: New insights beyond clinical trials. The EVA study

Author

Cicchiello, F., Riva, F., Cazzaniga, M. E., Pedani, F., Nicolini, Matteo, Butti, C., Liscia, N., Pogliani, C., Capri, Giorgia, Alu', Matteo, Febbraro, A., Petrucelli, L., D'Onofrio, L., De Laurentiis, M., Pellegrini, D., Mentuccia, L., Cocciolone, V., Miraglio, E., Bajardi, E., Dester, M., Paternò, Enrico, Guaitoli, G., Ferrarini, I., Gervasi, Elisea, Licata, L., Benedetto, C., Andreis, D., Bordin, E., Ancona, C., Pizzuti, L., Fotia, V., Berardi, R., Airoldi, M., Arcangeli, V., Artale, S., Atzori, F., Ballerio, A., Bianchi, G. V., Blasi, L., Campidoglio, S., Ciccarese, M., Cursano, M. C., Piezzo, M., Fabi, A., Ferrari, L., Ferzi, A., Ficorella, C., Frassoldati, A., Fumagalli, A., Garrone, O., Gebbia, V., Generali, D., La Verde, N., Maur, M., Michelotti, A., Moretti, G., Musolino, Anna, Palumbo, R., Pistelli, M., Porpiglia, M., Sartori, D., Scavelli, C., Schirone, A., Turletti, A., Valerio, M. R., Vici, P., Zambelli, Ruggero Astolfo, Clivio, L., Torri, V., Cicchiello, F, Riva, F, Cazzaniga, M, Pedani, F, Nicolini, M, Butti, C, Liscia, N, Pogliani, C, Capri, G, Alu, M, Febbraro, A, Petrucelli, L, D'Onofrio, L, De Laurentiis, M, Pellegrini, D, Mentuccia, L, Cocciolone, V, Miraglio, E, Bajardi, E, Dester, M, Paterno, E, Guaitoli, G, Ferrarini, I, Gervasi, E, Licata, L, Benedetto, C, Andreis, D, Bordin, E, Ancona, C, Pizzuti, L, Fotia, V, Berardi, R, Airoldi, M, Arcangeli, V, Artale, S, Atzori, F, Ballerio, A, Bianchi, G, Blasi, L, Campidoglio, S, Ciccarese, M, Cursano, M, Piezzo, M, Fabi, A, Ferrari, L, Ferzi, A, Ficorella, C, Frassoldati, A, Fumagalli, A, Garrone, O, Gebbia, V, Generali, D, La Verde, N, Maur, M, Michelotti, A, Moretti, G, Musolino, A, Palumbo, R, Pistelli, M, Porpiglia, M, Sartori, D, Scavelli, C, Schirone, A, Turletti, A, Valerio, M, Vici, P, Zambelli, A, Clivio, L, Torri, V, Cazzaniga, M. E, Bianchi, G. V, Cursano, M. C, Valerio, M. R, Torri, V., De Laurentiis, Michelino, Cicchiello, F., Riva, F., Cazzaniga, M. E., Pedani, F., Nicolini, M., Butti, C., Liscia, N., Pogliani, C., Capri, G., Alù, M., Febbraro, A., Petrucelli, L., D'Onofrio, L., De Laurentiis, M., Pellegrini, D., Mentuccia, L., Cocciolone, V., Miraglio, E., Bajardi, E., Dester, M., Paternò, E., Guaitoli, G., Ferrarini, I., Gervasi, E., Licata, L., Benedetto, C., Andreis, D., Bordin, E., Ancona, C., Pizzuti, L., Fotia, V., Berardi, R., Airoldi, M., Arcangeli, V., Artale, S., Atzori, F., Ballerio, A., Bianchi, G. V., Blasi, L., Campidoglio, S., Ciccarese, M., Cursano, M. C., Piezzo, M., Fabi, A., Ferrari, L., Ferzi, A., Ficorella, C., Frassoldati, A., Fumagalli, A., Garrone, O., Gebbia, V., Generali, D., La Verde, N., Maur, M., Michelotti, A., Moretti, G., Musolino, A., Palumbo, R., Pistelli, M., Porpiglia, M., Sartori, D., Scavelli, C., Schirone, A., Turletti, A., Valerio, M. R., Vici, P., Zambelli, A., Clivio, L., Cazzaniga, M., Ala, M., ARRIVAS BAJARDI, E., Paternã², E., Bianchi, G., Cursano, M., and Valerio, M.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Receptor, ErbB-2, chemistry.chemical_compound, ErbB-2, 0302 clinical medicine, Dose-intensity, Exemestane, 80 and over, Neoplasm Metastasis, Fulvestrant, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Advanced breast cancer, Dose-intensity, Everolimus, Fulvestrant, Hormone-receptor positive, Advanced breast cancer, Everolimus, Hormone-receptor positive, Adult, Aged, Androstadienes, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Surgery, General Medicine, Everolimu, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Receptor, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Socio-culturale, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Adverse effect, education, Gynecology, business.industry, fungi, Cancer, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, business
Abstract

Background The BOLERO-2 trial reported efficacy and safety of Everolimus (EVE) and Exemestane (EXE) combination in HR+ advanced breast cancer (ABC) patients. The BALLET trial further evaluated the safety of EVE-EXE in HR+ ABC patients, without reporting efficacy data. Aim of the EVA real-life study was to collect data of efficacy and safety of EVE-EXE combination in the clinical setting, as well as exploring efficacy according to EVE Dose-Intensity (DI) and to previous treatment with Fulvestrant. Patients and methods This study aimed to describe the outcome of ABC pts treated with EVE-EXE combination in terms of median duration of EVE treatment and ORR in a real-life setting. Results From July 2013 to December 2015, the EVA study enrolled 404 pts. Median age was 61 years (33–83). Main metastatic sites were: bone (69.1%), soft tissue (34.7%) and viscera (33.2%). Median number of previous treatments was 2 (1–7). 43.3% of the pts had received Fulvestrant. Median exposure to EVE was 31.0 weeks (15.4–58.3) in the whole population. No difference was observed in terms of EVE exposure duration according to DI (p for trend = 0.27) or type of previous treatments (p = 0.33). ORR and Disease Control Rate (DCR) were observed in 31.6% and 60.7% of the patients, respectively, with the lowest ORRs confined in CHT pre-treated patients or in those who received the lowest DI of EVE. Grade 3-4 adverse events (AEs) were reported in 37.9% of the patients. Main AEs were: stomatitis (11.2%), non-infectious pneumonitis - NIP (3.8%), anaemia (3.8%) and fatigue (3.2%). Conclusions The EVA study provided new insights in the use of EVE-EVE combination in HR+ ABC pts many years after the publication of the pivotal trial. The combination is safe and the best response could be obtained in patients receiving the full dose of EVE and/or after hormone-therapy as Fulvestrant in ABC.

Published
2017

14. Impact of Metformin Use and Diabetic Status During Adjuvant Fluoropyrimidine-Oxaliplatin Chemotherapy on the Outcome of Patients with Resected Colon Cancer: A TOSCA Study Subanalysis

Author

Vincenzo Adamo, Sabino De Placido, Luigi Cavanna, Evaristo Maiello, Sandro Barni, Francesca Galli, Claudio Vernieri, M. Nicolini, Massimo Aglietta, Sara Lonardi, Maria Di Bartolomeo, Laura Ferrari, Emiliano Tamburini, Azzurra Damiani, Maria Giulia Zampino, Rosario Vincenzo Iaffaioli, Francesco Leonardi, Gerardo Rosati, Katia Fiorella Dotti, F. Galli, Paolo Marchetti, Paolo Giordani, Giovanni Lo Re, Alberto Zaniboni, Roberto Labianca, Maria Antista, Tosca Investigators, A. Ciarlo, Maria Banzi, Lorenzo Pavesi, Paolo Bidoli, Giovanni Luca Frassineti, Maria Chiara Tronconi, S. Ferrario, Stefania Gori, Daris Ferrari, Marina Faedi, Mario Clerico, Angela Buonadonna, Saverio Cinieri, Vernieri, C., Galli, F., Ferrari, L., Marchetti, P., Lonardi, S., Maiello, E., Iaffaioli, R. V., Zampino, M. G., Zaniboni, A., De Placido, S., Banzi, M., Damiani, A., Ferrari, D., Rosati, G., Labianca, R. F., Bidoli, P., Frassineti, G. L., Nicolini, M., Pavesi, L., Tronconi, M. C., Buonadonna, A., Ferrario, S., Re, G. L., Adamo, V., Tamburini, E., Clerico, M., Giordani, P., Leonardi, F., Barni, S., Ciarlo, A., Cavanna, L., Gori, S., Cinieri, S., Faedi, M., Aglietta, M., Antista, M., Dotti, K. F., Di Bartolomeo, M., Vernieri, C, Galli, F, Ferrari, L, Marchetti, P, Lonardi, S, Maiello, E, Iaffaioli, R, Zampino, M, Zaniboni, A, De Placido, S, Banzi, M, Damiani, A, Ferrari, D, Rosati, G, Labianca, R, Bidoli, P, Frassineti, G, Nicolini, M, Pavesi, L, Tronconi, M, Buonadonna, A, Ferrario, S, Re, G, Adamo, V, Tamburini, E, Clerico, M, Giordani, P, Leonardi, F, Barni, S, Ciarlo, A, Cavanna, L, Gori, S, Cinieri, S, Faedi, M, Aglietta, M, Antista, M, Dotti, K, and Di Bartolomeo, M

Subjects
Aged, Antineoplastic Agents, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Colonic Neoplasms, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Fluorouracil, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Metformin, Middle Aged, Oxaliplatin, Risk Factors, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Colorectal cancer, colon cancer (CC), radical surgery, Antineoplastic Agents, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), colon cancer (CC), metformin, radical surgery, TOSCA study, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Gastrointestinal Cancer, medicine, Adjuvant therapy, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Prospective cohort study, Cancer staging, business.industry, Hazard ratio, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Metformin, Oxaliplatin, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 030104 developmental biology, TOSCA study, colon cancer, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Colonic Neoplasms, Female, Fluorouracil, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with increased risk of colon cancer (CC), whereas metformin use seems to be protective. However, the impact of metformin use on the risk of death or disease recurrence after radical surgery for CC remains uncertain. Materials and Methods This is a substudy conducted in patients with high-risk stage II or stage III CC randomized in the TOSCA trial, which compared 3 versus 6 months of fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin adjuvant chemotherapy. Objective of the study was to investigate the impact of metformin exposure during adjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). We also evaluated the impact of T2DM or metformin dosage on clinical outcomes. Results Out of 3,759 patients enrolled in the TOSCA trial, 133 patients with diabetes (9.2%) and 1,319 without diabetes (90.8%) were recruited in this study. After excluding 13 patients with diabetes without information on metformin exposure, 76 patients with T2DM (63.3%) were defined as metformin users and 44 (36.7%) as metformin nonusers. After a median follow-up of 60.4 months, 26 (21.7%) patients relapsed and 16 (13.3%) died. Metformin use was neither associated with OS (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48–4.77; p = .4781) nor with RFS (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.69–3.54; p = .2881). Similarly, we found no association between T2DM or metformin dosage and OS or RFS. Conclusions Metformin use and T2DM did not impact on OS or RFS in patients with resected CC treated with adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin chemotherapy. Larger studies and longer follow-up are required to clarify the potential efficacy of metformin in improving the prognosis of patients with CC. Implications for Practice The role of the antidiabetic drug metformin in colon cancer prevention and treatment is highly debated. While low-dose metformin reduced the incidence of colorectal adenomas in two prospective studies, its effect in patients with already established colon cancer remains unclear. In this study, the potential impact of metformin on the survival of resected colon cancer patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy was investigated in the context of the TOSCA study. We did not find any association between metformin use or dosages and patient survival. Prospective studies are required to draw definitive conclusions about metformin impact on colon cancer recurrence and survival.

Published
2018

15. Understanding Dynamic Conditional Correlations between Oil, Natural Gas and Non-Energy Commodity Futures Markets

Author

Niaz Bashiri Behmiri, Marcella Nicolini, Matteo Manera, Behmiri, N, Manera, M, and Nicolini, M

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Pooled mean group, 020209 energy, Energy (esotericism), Dynamic conditional correlation, Natural ga, 02 engineering and technology, SECS-P/05 - ECONOMETRIA, Commodity futures market, Natural gas, 0502 economics and business, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Econometrics, Economics, 050207 economics, SECS-P/01 - ECONOMIA POLITICA, Metal, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Estimator, Agriculture, Oil, General Energy, Pooled variance, Multivariate GARCH, business, Futures contract
Abstract

We look at the dynamic conditional correlations (DCCs) between oil, natural gas and other non-energy commodity futures markets, obtained from a DCC-GARCH model over the period 1998-2014. They arc positive and display a sharp increase around year 2008 and a subsequent decrease. The DCCs between energy and metals are larger than the energy-agriculture ones. To understand how macroeconomic and financial factors, as well as speculative activity, influence them, we estimate an ARDL(1,1) model, adopting a pooled mean group (PMG) estimator. We observe that macroeconomic and financial variables are significantly correlated with the energy-agriculture and energy-metals DCCs. Speculative activity contributes to explain the energy-agriculture DCCs but not those of the energy-metals

Published
2019

16. Metronomic Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: The Future Is Now?

Author

Federica Cicchiello, Monica Giordano, Mariangela Ciccarese, L. Zanlorenzi, M. Nicolini, L. Scaltriti, Laura Cortesi, Eliana Rulli, Marina Cazzaniga, Lorenzo Legramandi, E. Biraghi, Claudio Verusio, S. Della Torre, E. Casini, A. Ferzi, A. Gambaro, F. Villa, Cazzaniga, M, Cortesi, L, Ferzi, A, Scaltriti, L, Cicchiello, F, Ciccarese, M, Torre, S, Villa, F, Giordano, M, Verusio, C, Nicolini, M, Gambaro, A, Zanlorenzi, L, Biraghi, E, Casini, E, Legramandi, L, and Rulli, E

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Disease, Review Article, lcsh:RC254-282, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Triple negative, Antitumor activity, Chemotherapy, business.industry, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, Metastatic breast cancer, Metronomic Chemotherapy, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MED/06 - ONCOLOGIA MEDICA, business, breast cancer, TNBC
Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) shows a very bad prognosis, even in early stages of disease. Metronomic chemotherapy refers to the minimum biologically effective dose of a chemotherapy agent given as a continuous dosing regimen with no prolonged drug-free breaks that leads to antitumor activity. In the present article, we review preclinical and clinical data of metronomic administration of chemotherapy agents with or without biological agents in TNBC cell lines and patients, contextually reporting data from the VICTOR-2 study in the subgroup of patients with TNBC, in order to stimulate new ideas for the design of clinical trials in this subset of patients.

Published
2017

17. In Search of a Fair Balance between the Inviolability of Borders, Self-determination and Secession in International Law

Author

Antonello Tancredi, Nicolini, M, Palermo, F, Milano, E, and Tancredi, A

Subjects
Balance (metaphysics), media_common.quotation_subject, self-determination, IUS/13 - DIRITTO INTERNAZIONALE, Legal history, International law, uti possideti, Public international law, Self-determination, Secession, Law, Political science, Comparative law, Constitutional law, territorial integrity, secession, media_common
Published
2016

18. FDI spillovers in new EU member states

Author

Marcella Nicolini, Laura Resmini, Nicolini, M, and Resmini, L

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, SECS-P/02 - POLITICA ECONOMICA, Member states, Transition countrie, Foreign direct investment, International economics, SECS-P/06 - ECONOMIA APPLICATA, Technology gap, Spillover, Market economy, Absorptive capacity, Spillover effect, Economics, Research questions, Productivity
Abstract

Using an unbalanced panel of firm-level data in Bulgaria, Poland and Romania, we examine the impact of foreign firms on domestic firms' productivity. In particular, we try to answer the following research questions: (1) Are there any spillover effects of foreign direct investments (FDI), and if so, are they positive or negative? (2) Are spillover effects more likely to occur within or across sectors? (3) Are the existence, the direction and the magnitude of spillovers conditioned by sector and firm-specific characteristics? Our findings show that FDI spillovers exist both within and across sectors. The former arise when foreign firms operate in labour-intensive sectors, while the latter occur when foreign firms operate in high-tech sectors. Moreover, we find that domestic firm size conditions the exploitation of FDI spillovers even after controlling for absorptive capacity. We also detect a great deal of heterogeneity across countries consistent with the technology gap hypothesis.

Published
2010

19. Financial Speculation in Energy and Agriculture Futures Markets: A Multivariate GARCH Approach

Author

Ilaria Vignati, Marcella Nicolini, Matteo Manera, Manera, M, Nicolini, M, and Vignati, I

Subjects
financial speculation, Economics and Econometrics, Agricultural commodity, Financial economics, business.industry, Energy (esotericism), Variance (accounting), SECS-P/05 - ECONOMETRIA, Multivariate garch, Heating oil, General Energy, Agriculture, Economics, Oil market, multivariate GARCH, SECS-P/01 - ECONOMIA POLITICA, business, Speculation, Futures contract, commodities market
Abstract

This paper analyses futures prices of four energy commodities (crude oil, heating oil, gasoline and natural gas) and five agricultural commodities (corn, oats, soybean oil, soybeans and wheat), over the period 1986-2010. Using DCC multivariate GARCH models, it provides new evidence on four research questions: 1) Are macroeconomic factors relevant in explaining returns of energy and nonenergy commodities? 2) Is financial speculation significantly related to returns in futures markets? 3) Are there significant relationships among returns, either in their mean or variance, across different markets? 4) Is speculation in one market affecting returns in other markets? Results suggest that the S&P 500 index and the exchange rate significantly affect returns. Financial speculation, proxied by Working's T index, is poorly significant in modelling returns of commodities. Moreover, spillovers between commodities are present and the conditional correlations among energy and agricultural commodities display a spike around 2008. Copyright © 2013 by the IAEE. All rights reserved.

Published
2013

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