Search

Background and Objective: In 2014, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) implemented numeric requirements for family medicine (FM) pediatric patient encounters. Impact on residency programs is unclear. We aimed to identify any difficulties faced by FM program directors (PDs) meeting these numeric requirements. Methods: Questions about pediatric training in family medicine residencies were included in a survey of PDs conducted by the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA). We performed univariate analysis of the demographic and program characteristics. We then used χ2 tests of independence to test for bivariate associations between these characteristics and our primary outcome: the most difficult ACGME pediatric care requirement to meet. Results: Most programs reported the hospital as the primary location of training (n=131, 46%) and their family medicine practice (FMP) patient population consisted of over 20% pediatric patients (n=153, 56%). Over 80% of program directors reported challenges meeting FM requirements for the care of children. Challenges meeting pediatric requirements were associated with fewer than 20% FMP patients under 19 years of age (P

Background: Since 2003, the MLA Membership Committee has facilitated an in-person mentoring program called Colleague Connection at the annual meeting. The program hinged on meeting attendance, so members who could not attend were excluded. The 2020 virtual meeting created an opportunity to rethink the Colleague Connection experience. Three members of the Membership Committee developed an expanded and virtual version of the mentoring program. Case Presentation: Colleague Connection was promoted via the MLA ’20 vConference Welcome Event, MLAConnect, and email lists. The 134 participants were matched based on same-chapter preference, library type, practice area interest, and years of experience. Mentees chose mentor-mentee or peer pairs, resulting in 4 peer matchings and 65 mentor-mentee matchings. Pairs were encouraged to meet monthly, and conversation prompts were provided. A Wrap-Up Event was held for participants to talk about their experiences and network. A survey evaluated the program and sought suggestions for improvement. Conclusion: The online format boosted participation, and the format change was well received. In the future, a formal orientation meeting and communication plan can ensure pairs make their initial connections and provide clarity about program details, expectations, timelines, and contact information. The type of pairings and size of the program are important considerations for the feasibility and sustainability of a virtual mentoring program.

The closer the end of the apostle Paul's life and ministry comes into view, the more some of his co-workers and congregations turn away from him. This article speculates on the reasons for this phenomenon, which Paul himself expresses in his presumably last letter, 2 Timothy. The focus is particularly on the personality of the apostle, which seems to intensify with advancing age, even in its challenging features. Based on the results of the study, the article concludes by reflecting on sustainable leadership for those in positions of responsibility in today's churches. The article provides connection opportunities, especially for psychological and sociological studies focusing on guidance by leaders in advanced age as well as for studies in historical research on emotions and studies in the field of organizational development.

ZusammenfassungEine 2 Jahre alte Mischlingshündin wurde aufgrund chronischer Uveitis vorgestellt. Die Hündin stammte aus Namibia. Es konnten sowohl ein positiver Serum Antikörper-Titer als auch eine positive PCR aus dem Kammerwasser auf Enzephalitozoon cuniculi nachgewiesen werden. Am linken Auge zeigte sich eine immature anteriore fokale, kortikale Katarakt in der Peripherie mit Verdacht einer Linsenkapselruptur und deutlichen Anzeichen einer chronischen Uveitis. Am rechten Auge war eine inzipiente anteriore fokale, kortikale Katarakt sichtbar. Trotz lokaler Therapie mit nicht-steroidalen Antiphlogistika und Kortikoiden sowie einer systemischen Therapie mit Carprofen, Prednisolon und Fenbendazol kam es zu wiederkehrenden Uveitiden. Das Linsenmaterial wurde daraufhin durch Phakoemulsifikation entfernt. Die PCR des Linsenmaterials war positiv auf Enzephalitozoon cuniculi Stamm III. Das linke Auge ist durch eine erneute Uveitis mit sekundärem Glaukom 10 Monate nach der Phakoemulsifikation nicht mehr sehfähig. Beide Augen sind zum Zeitpunkt der letzten Kontrolluntersuchung (31 Monate nach der Phakoemulsifikation) reizlos und werden weiterhin entzündungshemmend behandelt. Dieses ist der erste beschriebene Fall von einem durch Enzephalitozoon cuniculi Stamm III hervorgerufenen Katarakt beim Hund.

Young children with Down syndrome (DS) have language delays beginning early in life. Book reading with parents provides a context for capitalizing on language learning opportunities. This study evaluated the quantity and quality of language input among mothers and fathers of young children with DS during book reading interactions and investigated associations with child language. Findings revealed that mothers were more talkative and used more descriptive language, whereas fathers spent more time reading the book text. Moreover, maternal and paternal input were correlated with different measures of child language, suggesting that mothers and fathers may use divergent approaches to support language development.

What is this summary about? This is a summary of an article about part of a clinical study for the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine, also called the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. The article was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in September 2021. The part of the study described in the article began in July 2020 and is ongoing. This means that the final results may be different from the results included in this summary. What happened in this study? The participants in this study received 2 injections of either the BNT162b2 vaccine or a placebo, 21 days apart. The placebo looked like the BNT162b2 vaccine but had no active vaccine in it. None of the trial participants or study teams knew who received vaccine or placebo. What were the results? Most of the reactions to the injections were mild or moderate and lasted for a short period of time. The most common reactions were pain at the injection site, extreme tiredness (fatigue), and headache. These reactions usually happened in the first 7 days after receiving a vaccine dose. A small number of participants had severe reactions to the vaccine. Compared to participants who received the placebo, participants who received the BNT162b2 vaccine were much less likely to become ill if they were infected with the virus that causes COVID-19. The vaccine also had very good efficacy at preventing severe COVID-19. Participants in South Africa who received the BNT162b2 vaccine were less likely to become ill after infection with the beta variant of the virus compared to participants who received the placebo. The beta variant was very common in South Africa when the study was taking place. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04368728 ( ClinicalTrials.gov )

To describe the incidence and severity of invasive group A streptococcal disease (iGAS) in Victoria, Australia.Retrospective analysis of iGAS cases identified in linked datasets, 2007-2017: laboratory data from the Victorian Hospital Pathogen Surveillance Scheme; hospitalisation data from the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset; and deaths reported by the Australian Coordinating Registry.There were 1,369 confirmed and 610 probable cases of iGAS identified from 2007 to 2017 in Victoria, Australia. The median annual incidence was 3.1 (range 2.4-5.2) per 100,000 population. The incidence was highest in 2017, with 5.2 (95%CI: 4.6-5.8) cases per 100,000 population. The median length of stay in hospital was 10 days, with 33.1% (578/1,744) of cases admitted to the intensive care unit, of whom 49.5% (286/578) were mechanically ventilated. The case fatality rate was 5.6% (110/1,979), reaching 13.5% (51/378) among those aged 75 years or older.There was an increased incidence of iGAS in 2017 in Victoria, with substantial healthcare utilisation and a high case fatality rate among older Victorians.These data support mandatory notification of iGAS, which will enable better characterisation of the disease, rapid identification of changes in epidemiology and targeted public health responses.

Despite the availability of effective vaccines against COVID-19, booster vaccinations are needed to maintain vaccine-induced protection against variant strains and breakthrough infections. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (Janssen) as primary vaccination plus a booster dose.ENSEMBLE2 is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial including crossover vaccination after emergency authorisation of COVID-19 vaccines. Adults aged at least 18 years without previous COVID-19 vaccination at public and private medical practices and hospitals in Belgium, Brazil, Colombia, France, Germany, the Philippines, South Africa, Spain, the UK, and the USA were randomly assigned 1:1 via a computer algorithm to receive intramuscularly administered Ad26.COV2.S as a primary dose plus a booster dose at 2 months or two placebo injections 2 months apart. The primary endpoint was vaccine efficacy against the first occurrence of molecularly confirmed moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 with onset at least 14 days after booster vaccination, which was assessed in participants who received two doses of vaccine or placebo, were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR at baseline and on serology at baseline and day 71, had no major protocol deviations, and were at risk of COVID-19 (ie, had no PCR-positive result or discontinued the study before day 71). Safety was assessed in all participants; reactogenicity, in terms of solicited local and systemic adverse events, was assessed as a secondary endpoint in a safety subset (approximately 6000 randomly selected participants). The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04614948, and is ongoing.Enrolment began on Nov 16, 2020, and the primary analysis data cutoff was June 25, 2021. From 34 571 participants screened, the double-blind phase enrolled 31 300 participants, 14 492 of whom received two doses (7484 in the Ad26.COV2.S group and 7008 in the placebo group) and 11 639 of whom were eligible for inclusion in the assessment of the primary endpoint (6024 in the Ad26.COV2.S group and 5615 in the placebo group). The median (IQR) follow-up post-booster vaccination was 36·0 (15·0-62·0) days. Vaccine efficacy was 75·2% (adjusted 95% CI 54·6-87·3) against moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 (14 cases in the Ad26.COV2.S group and 52 cases in the placebo group). Most cases were due to the variants alpha (B.1.1.7) and mu (B.1.621); endpoints for the primary analysis accrued from Nov 16, 2020, to June 25, 2021, before the global dominance of delta (B.1.617.2) or omicron (B.1.1.529). The booster vaccine exhibited an acceptable safety profile. The overall frequencies of solicited local and systemic adverse events (evaluated in the safety subset, n=6067) were higher among vaccine recipients than placebo recipients after the primary and booster doses. The frequency of solicited adverse events in the Ad26.COV2.S group were similar following the primary and booster vaccinations (local adverse events, 1676 [55·6%] of 3015 vs 896 [57·5%] of 1559, respectively; systemic adverse events, 1764 [58·5%] of 3015 vs 821 [52·7%] of 1559, respectively). Solicited adverse events were transient and mostly grade 1-2 in severity.A homologous Ad26.COV2.S booster administered 2 months after primary single-dose vaccination in adults had an acceptable safety profile and was efficacious against moderate to severe-critical COVID-19. Studies assessing efficacy against newer variants and with longer follow-up are needed.Janssen ResearchDevelopment.

Daniel Berlyne's "new experimental aesthetics" offers a deliberately mole- cular and non-normative view of aesthetic processes. This paper suggests that Berlyne's theoretical structure may derive greater social applicability by regarding aesthetic stimuli as aspects of leisure and the entertainment industry: that the concept of optimal level of stimulation is useful in predicting individual leisure preferences; that a formal link between percep- tion and intrinsic motivation may be found in perceptually-mediated arousal; and that the hedonic value of this arousal is determined by the socially formed values attached to aesthetic stimuli.

The film Twilight produced by Wyck Godfrey, Mark Morgan and Greg Mooradian and directedby Catherine Hardwicke, enjoyed global box office success, and proved particularly popularwith female filmgoers. Despite the commercial success of the film, it was derided specificallyby feminist critics for its portrayal of women and heterosexual relationships. Within the contextof postfeminist views of gender roles, this article explores how selected female South Africanviewers’ between the ages of 18 and 45 living in Johannesburg perceived the romance betweenEdward and Bella in the film Twilight (2008). Participants were divided into age-determined focusgroups and each participant completed a questionnaire containing a list of questions around thegenre of the film, their feelings about individual characters and their reasons for watching the film.Interview data in the form of quotes from individual participants has been included in the article.

Managing multinational enterprise subsidiaries is a core facet of international business research. A shifting reality on the ground has triggered concerns around the waning relevance of the subsidiary because the MNE and its structure and processes have become increasingly complex. Consequently, more decentralized, responsive, and fluid organizational designs are now at the core of IB research. Juxtaposing recent arguments questioning subsidiary research altogether, we argue that IB scholars can explore and explain complex realities in the contemporary MNE without unnecessarily restricting the breadth of the field and giving up links to established research and theory. We reframe conversations around inward- and outward-looking perspectives, providing a path forward that emphasizes the importance of embracing the subsidiary concept in research reflecting today's complex business environment.La gestion des filiales des entreprises multinationales (Multinational Enterprise - MNE) constitue une facette essentielle de la recherche en affaires internationales (International Business - IB). L'évolution de la réalité sur le terrain a suscité des inquiétudes quant à la perte de pertinence des filiales, étant donné que la MNE, sa structure et ses processus sont devenus de plus en plus complexes. Par conséquent, sont désormais au cœur de la recherche en IB les conceptions organisationnelles plus décentralisées, plus réactives et plus fluides. En juxtaposant les récents arguments remettant en cause la recherche portée sur les filiales, nous argumentons que les chercheurs en IB peuvent explorer et expliquer les réalités complexes des MNEs contemporaines sans restreindre inutilement l'étendue du domaine et sans renoncer aux liens avec la recherche et la théorie établies. Nous recadrons les conversations autour des perspectives autocentrées et orientées vers l’extérieur, tout en proposant une voie à suivre qui souligne l'importance d'inclure le concept de filiale dans la recherche reflétant l'environnement commercial complexe d'aujourd'hui.La gestión de filiales de las empresas multinacionales (MNE por sus siglas en ingles) es una faceta central en la investigación en negocios internacionales. Una realidad cambiante en el terreno ha desencadenado preocupaciones sobre la disminución de la relevancia de la filial debido a que la empresa multinacional y su estructura y procesos se han vuelto cada vez más complejos. En consecuencia, los diseños organizacionales más descentralizados, receptivos y fluidos constituyen ahora el núcleo de la investigación sobre las empresas internacionales. Frente a los recientes argumentos que cuestionan la investigación sobre las filiales, sostenemos que los estudiosos de negocios internacionales pueden explorar y explicar las complejas realidades de las empresas multinacionales contemporáneas sin restringir innecesariamente la amplitud del campo ni renunciar a los vínculos con la investigación y la teoría establecidas. Replanteamos las conversaciones en torno a las perspectivas hacia adentro y hacia afuera, proporcionando un camino a seguir que subraya la importancia de adoptar el concepto de filial en la investigación que refleja el complejo entorno empresarial actual.Gerenciar subsidiárias de empresas multinacionais (MNE) é uma faceta fundamental da pesquisa em negócios internacionais (IB). Uma realidade mutante no terreno desencadeou preocupações em torno da diminuição da relevância da subsidiária porque a MNE e sua estrutura e processos se tornaram cada vez mais complexos. Consequentemente, designs organizacionais mais descentralizados, responsivos e fluidos estão agora no cerne da pesquisa em IB. Justapondo argumentos recentes que questionam a pesquisa sobre subsidiárias como um todo, argumentamos que estudiosos de IB podem explorar e explicar realidades complexas na MNE contemporânea sem restringir desnecessariamente a amplitude do campo e abrir mão de relações com a pesquisas e a teoria estabelecidas. Reestruturamos conversas em torno de perspectivas que vislumbram o exterior e o interior, fornecendo um caminho a seguir que enfatiza a importância de adotar o conceito de subsidiária na pesquisa que reflita o complexo ambiente de negócios de hoje.管理跨国企业 (MNE) 子公司是国际商务 (IB) 研究的一个核心方面。由于MNE及其结构和流程变得越来越复杂， 当地不断变化的现实引发了人们对子公司相关性减弱的担忧。因此， 更加去中心化、反应灵敏和流动的组织设计现在是 IB 研究的核心。我们将最近质疑子公司研究的论点并列在一起， 认为 IB 学者可以探索和解释当代MNE中的复杂现实， 而不会不必要地限制该领域的广度和放弃与既定研究和理论的联系。我们围绕内向和外向观点重新构建对话， 提供了一条前进的道路， 强调了在反映当今复杂商业环境的研究中采用子公司概念的重要性。.

Purpose The accurate simulation of electrical machines involves a large number of degrees of freedom. Particularly, if additional parameters such as remanence variations or different operating points have to be analyzed, the computational effort increases fast, known as the “curse of dimensionality.” The purpose of this study is to cope with this effort with the parametric proper generalized decomposition (PGD) as a model order reduction (MOR) technique. It is combined with the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) and adapted to study characteristic electrical machine parameters. Design/methodology/approach The PGD is an a priori MOR technique. The technique is adapted to incorporate several additional parameters, such as the current excitation or permanent magnet remanence, to overcome the increasing computational effort of parametric studies. Further, it is combined with the DEIM to approximate the nonlinearity of the flux guiding material. Findings The parametric version of the PGD in combination with the DEIM is a suitable numerical approach to reduce computational effort of parametric studies, while considering nonlinear materials. The computational reduction is related to the influence of the different parameter variations on the field and on the number of parameters. Originality/value The extension of the PGD by several parameters associated with parametric studies of electrical machines enables to cope with the “curse of dimensionality.” The parametric PGD and the standard PGD–DEIM have been individually used to study different problems. The combination of both techniques, the parametric PGD and the DEIM, for nonlinear parametric studies of electrical machines represents the scientific contribution of this research.

ZusammenfassungDie klinische Radiologie mit ihren digitalen Daten ist geradezu prädestiniert für den erfolgreichen Einsatz der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI). Am Beispiel verschiedener praktischer Anwendungen wird nachfolgend dargestellt, wo und wie die KI in der Radiologie eingesetzt wird und dabei auch die Frage beantwortet, inwieweit sie Radiolog*innen ersetzen kann.

Empirical investigations have found relatively few cases of reswitching or capital reversal, but many more instances than expected of what look like Neo-Classical relationships, leading some eagerly to Affirm the Consequent, and call for restoration of the good old stories. This is unwarranted. A necessarily brief and incomplete account of recent work in the theory of money and credit shows that these seemingly neoclassical relationships may have a completely different origin and meaning. They are part of the structure and institutions, including markets, that support the circulation of money and credit, and the neoclassical appearance in particulars arises from the relation between r and g, properly adjusted. It has little or nothing to do with the flawed ‘Choice of Technique’ or with the stories of ‘substitution’ between labour and capital.

Purpose The ordinary vector hysteresis stop model with constant threshold values is not able to prohibit the hysteretic property after the saturation correctly. This paper aims to develop an improved vector hysteresis stop model with threshold surfaces. This advanced anisotropic vector hysteresis stop model can represent the magnetic saturation properties and the hysteresis losses under alternating and rotating magnetizations. Design/methodology/approach By integrating anhysteretic surfaces into the elastic element of a vector hysteresis stop model, the anisotropy of the permeability of an electrical steel sheet can be represented. Instead of the commonly used constant threshold value for plastic elements of the hysteresis model, threshold surfaces are applied to the stop hysterons. The threshold surfaces can be derived directly from measured alternating major loops of the material sample. By saturated polarization, the constructed threshold surfaces are vanishing. In this way, the reversible magnetic flux density is in the same direction of the applied magnetic flux density. Thus, the saturation properties are satisfied. Findings Analyzing the measurements of the electrical steel sheets sample obtained from a rotational single sheet tester shows that the clockwise (CW) and counter-CW (CCW) rotational hysteresis losses decrease by saturated flux density. At this state, instead of the domain wall motion, the magnetization rotation is dominant in the material. As a result, the hysteresis losses, which are related to the domain wall motion, are vanished near the saturation. In one stop operator, the plastic element represents the hysteresis part of the model. Integrating threshold surface into the plastic element, the hysteresis part can be modified to zero near the saturation to represent the saturation properties. Originality/value The results of this work demonstrate that the presented vector hysteresis stop model allows simulation of anisotropic hysteresis effects, alternating and rotating hysteresis losses. The parameters of the hysteresis model are determined by comparing the measured and modeled minor loops in different alternating magnetization directions. With the identified parameters, the proposed model is excited with rotated excitations in CW and CCW directions. The rotated hysteresis losses, derived from the model, are then compared with those experimentally measured. The modified vector stop model can significantly improve the accuracy of representing hysteresis saturations and losses.

T cells play a critical role in the control of cancer. The development of immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) aimed at enhancing antitumor T-cell responses has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, durable clinical benefit is observed in only a subset of patients, prompting research efforts to focus on strategies that target multiple inhibitory signals within the tumor microenvironment (TME) to limit tumor evasion and improve patient outcomes. Adenosine has emerged as a potent immune suppressant within the TME, and CD73 is the major enzyme responsible for its extracellular production. CD73 can be co-opted within the TME to impair T-cell–mediated antitumor immunity and promote tumor growth. To target this pathway and block the formation of adenosine, we designed a novel, selective, and potent class of small-molecule inhibitors of CD73, including AB680 (quemliclustat), which is currently being tested in patients with cancer. AB680 effectively restored T-cell proliferation, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxicity that were dampened by the formation of immunosuppressive adenosine by CD73. Furthermore, in an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction where CD73-derived adenosine had a dominant suppressive effect in the presence of PD-1 blockade, AB680 restored T-cell activation and function. Finally, in a preclinical mouse model of melanoma, AB680 inhibited CD73 in the TME and increased the antitumor activity of PD-1 blockade. Collectively, these data provide a rationale for the inhibition of CD73 with AB680 in combination with ICB, such as anti–PD-1, to improve cancer patient outcomes.

This study examined the extent to which early intervention (EI) speech-language pathologists (SLPs) use and recommend language input strategies for caregivers of children with language delays and the child factors associated with these decisions. Participants included 213 SLPs who completed an online survey. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Friedman’s analyses of variance, and Spearman correlations were used to determine the extent to which EI SLPs used and recommended language input, child factors that influenced recommendations and input, and relationships between SLPs’ self-reported strategies and recommendations to caregivers. EI SLPs reported recommending expanding on child utterances more than other strategies. EI SLPs reported using grammatical input more than telegraphic input and recommended grammatical phrases as children made gains in spoken language. Language strategies used by SLPs inconsistently aligned with their recommendations to caregivers. Results underscore the importance of evaluating recommendations to caregivers in the context of EI.

To determine the perceived satisfaction and understanding of hearing assessment feedback, using the Ida My Hearing Explained Tool (IMHET), compared to the standard audiogram reported by adult clients and audiologists.This study is a mixed-method design comparing clients and audiologists' perceptions through a single-blinded, randomised control trial and focus group discussions. After using either the audiogram or IMHET for feedback, clients and audiologists completed the adapted Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ).During client's initial audiological consultations, audiologists provided hearing assessment feedback (Total = 51) using the IMHET or audiogramSatisfaction was not significantly different (The IMHET is a valuable resource for clients during hearing assessment feedback. Audiologists recommend that the audiogram be used as a supplement when using the IMHET to provide feedback.

Emotion dysregulation frequently co-occurs with chronic pain, which in turn leads to heightened emotional and physical suffering. This cycle of association has prompted a recommendation for psychological treatment of chronic pain to target mechanisms for emotion regulation. The current trial addressed this need by investigating a new internet-delivered treatment incorporating emotional skills training from dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT). Using a single-case experimental design that is suited to heterogeneous populations and can demonstrate efficacy with a small sample, three participants with chronic pain were recruited. Participants received four weeks of online DBT skills training (iDBT-Pain intervention) which incorporated one-on-one sessions over Zoom and a web app. Results revealed compelling evidence for the intervention on the primary outcome of emotion dysregulation and were promising for the secondary outcome of pain intensity. Improvement was also identified on pre-and post-measures of depression, coping behaviours, sleep problems, wellbeing, and harm avoidance, indicating that the intervention may positively influence other factors related to chronic pain. Overall, the trial provides preliminary efficacy for the intervention to improve chronic pain. However, we recommend further investigation of the iDBT-Pain intervention, either in single case trials, which when conducted with scientific rigour may be aggregated to derive nomothetic conclusions, or in a group-comparison trial to compare with usual modes of treatment. Perspective: This trial advances understanding of emotion-focused treatment for chronic pain and provides evidence for a viable new technological treatment. Importantly, as an internet-delivered approach, the iDBT-Pain intervention is accessible to those with restricted mobility and remote communities where there are often limited psychological services for people with chronic pain. Trial registration: The trial was registered on the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12620000604909)

Background: The design of hybrid compounds is a distinct approach for developing potent bioactive agents. Carvacrol, an essential oil, exhibits antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activity, making it a good precursor for the development of compounds with potent biological activities. Some patents have reported carvacrol derivatives with promising biological activities. Objective: This study aimed to prepare hybrid compounds containing a carvacrol scaffold with significant antibacterial and anticancer activity. Methods: Esterification reactions between carvacrol and known pharmacophores were performed at room temperature and characterized using 1H-NMR, 13CNMR, and UHPLC-HRMS. In vitro antibacterial study was determined using the microdilution assay and cytotoxicity evaluation using sulforhodamine B staining assay. Results: The FTIR spectra of the carvacrol hybrids revealed prominent bands in the range of 1612-1764 cm-1 and 1014-1280 cm-1 due to (C=O) and (C-O) stretching vibrations, respectively. The structures of the carvacrol hybrids were confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and UHPLC-HRMS analysis, and compound 5 exhibited superior activity when compared to the hybrid compounds against the strains of bacteria used in the study. The in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation showed that compound 3 induced cytotoxicity in all the cancer cell lines; MDA (16.57 ± 1.14 μM), MCF-7 (0.47 ± 1.14 μM), and DU145 (16.25 ± 1.08 μM), as well as the normal breast cells, MCF-12A (0.75± 1.30 μM). Compound 7 did not induce cytotoxicity in the cell lines tested (IC50 > 200 μM). Conclusion: The modification of carvacrol through hybridization is a promising approach to develop compounds with significant antibacterial and anticancer activity.

In the spring of 2020, we grew curious about the impact of the pandemic on women in the workplace. While we believed there was a disproportionate fallout from the shutdowns, even traditional tracking measures like unemployment applications would only tell part of the story. Using Zotero, we tracked and captured news stories related to the evolving interests and topics, published reports of measured impacts such as women leaving the workforce , and articles which captured positive and negative depictions of women and work. Over two years we collected over 1500 news stories, with supplemental early research papers and other preliminary government reports. This dataset allows us observe trends and to explore interdisciplinary questions related to anthropology, linguistics, economics, health, and women's studies. Initial student projects have focused on the motherhood penalty and the impact of the pandemic on pregnant women. Dataset queries have also been used to examine the representation of fathers in pandemic-related news stories. Our current themes for investigation include the over-representation of women in the service industry, the conflicts between caregiving tasks and work, and the disparate news representations related to race and socioeconomic status. This presentation will introduce the #WomenLaborCOVID project and the open bibliography to discuss how others could engage with the project and the dataset, the limitations, and opportunities for this method of data capture. While the early parts of the pandemic have passed, it continues to significantly impact women’s real or perceived engagement at work and reveal the conflicts with ever growing care tasks in a world with new and continuing disease related disruptions.

The shallow water equations are widely used in the development of weather and climate models, being computationally cheap while still retaining many pertinent features of atmospheric dynamics. The usual shallow water equations, however, model a ‘dry’ atmosphere and so neglect moist processes and moisture effects. Including moisture in the shallow water system offers a framework in which to develop more challenging test cases for parallel time-stepping schemes, arising through numerical complexities that moisture introduces and relevant because of changing trends in supercomputer architectures necessitating interest in parallel-in-time. This talk will discuss the implementation of moist shallow water models in the dynamical core toolkit Gusto, which mirrors the compatible finite element approach being taken in the next-generation UK Met Office model. We will highlight the advantages Gusto offers for rapid prototyping and flexible implementation of different moist shallow water models and describe progress towards running moist shallow water tests cases (both from the literature and newly-devised for this purpose) in Gusto.

Cystic echinococcosis is caused by the larval stages (hydatids) of cestode parasites belonging to the species clusterEchinococcus granulosus sensu lato, withE. granulosus sensu strictobeing the main infecting species. Hydatids are bladder-like structures that attain large sizes within various internal organs of livestock ungulates and humans. Hydatids are protected by the massive acellular laminated layer (LL), composed mainly by mucins. Parasite growth requires LL turnover, and abundant LL-derived particles are found at infection sites in infected humans, raising the question of how LL materials are dealt with by the hosts. In this article, we show thatE. granulosus sensu strictoLL mucins injected into mice are taken up by Kupffer cells, the liver macrophages exposed to the vascular space. This uptake is largely dependent on the intact mucin glycans and on Clec4F, a C-type lectin receptor which in rodents is selectively expressed in Kupffer cells. This uptake mechanism operates on mucins injected both in soluble form i.v. and in particulate form i.p. In mice harbouring intraperitoneal infections by the same species, LL mucins were found essentially only at the infection site and in the liver, where they were taken up by Kupffer cells via Clec4F. Therefore, shed LL materials circulate in the host and Kupffer cells can act as a sink for these materials even when the parasite grows in sites other than the liver.

Background Depressive symptoms are often comorbid with chronic pain. These conditions share aberrant emotion processing and regulation, as well as having common brain networks. However, the relationship between depressive symptoms and chronic pain and the effects on emotional brain function are unclear. Aims The present study aimed to disentangle the effects of chronic pain and depressive symptoms on functional connectivity between regions implicated in both these conditions. Method Twenty-six individuals with chronic pain (referred to as the pain group) and 32 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Beck Depression Inventory. Main effects of group, depressive symptoms (total severity score) and their interaction on the functional connectivity of three seed regions (the left and right amygdalae and the medial prefrontal cortex; mPFC) with the rest of the brain were evaluated. In cases of significant interaction, moderation analyses were conducted. Results The group × depressive symptoms interaction was significantly associated with changes in connectivity between the right amygdala and the mPFC (family-wise error-corrected P-threshold (pFWEc = 0.008). In the moderation analysis, the pain group showed weaker connectivity between these regions at lower levels of depressive symptoms (P = 0.020), and stronger connectivity at higher levels of depressive symptoms (P = 0.003), compared with the healthy controls. In addition, the strength of connectivity decreased in the healthy controls (P = 0.005) and increased in the pain group (P = 0.014) as the severity of depressive symptoms increased. Conclusions Depressive symptoms moderate the impact of chronic pain on emotional brain function, with potential implications for the choice of treatment for chronic pain.