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Ecological environment of remote grassland has become increasingly serious in many countries due to mining, tourism, grazing and other human activities. In this study, a total of 15 pairs of soil-herbage samples were collected in the northeast of the Tibet Plateau to study the relationship between physicochemical properties and content of trace elements in soils and elevation, and to examine the accumulation and fractionation of heavy metals in soil-herbage systems. In addition, the ecological risk of the subalpine grassland was also assessed. The average concentrations of Hg, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Mn in soil were higher than their background values of Gansu soil, but the average concentrations of these heavy metals in herbage satisfied Hygienical Standard for Feeds. The speciation analysis of heavy metals in soil indicated that the exchangeable content of heavy metal was very low, except Pb, Cd, Mn. There was a linear relationship between pH, CaCO3, total phosphorus (TP), organic matter (OM), concentrations of Hg, As, Zn, Pb, Cr and Mn in soils, dry weight of herbage and elevation, while there was a quadratic curve trend between Cu, Cd in soils and elevation. The results of risk assessment showed that there was no obvious ecological risk in the study area.

The brick and tile of the existing masonry structures are precious, so it is not feasible that the components are used as the dismantling unit for maintenance and reinforcement. The homogenization method is an ef ective multi-scale calculation method, which can be used to establish the analysis model of masonry on the mesoscopic-level. The plane tessellation deconstruction method of masonry structure is proposed, exploring the internal tessellation laws of masonry under dif erent bricklaying methods, and the theoretical system of periodic plane segmentation of masonry is established. Based on regular tessellation theory, the plane segmentation of masonry structures under three kinds of bricklaying methods is periodically carried out through rectangular unit lattice. Deconstructing the smallest element of the tessellation form, the boundary condition of equivalent volume element (RVE) is derived. On the premise of selecting reasonable material parameters, RVE models under three kinds of bricklaying methods are built by finite element software ABAQUS, and the equivalent parameters are obtained to realize the simulation analysis of masonry structure based on micro-mechanics. The results show that the strength of running bonding RVE is higher than that of the other two kinds, and the strength of header bonding RVE is the lowest. The finite element results are compared with the compressive strength results of the specimens under three kinds of bricklaying methods in the existing tests. The results are in good agreement, which shows that the compressive capacity of masonry structures with homogenization simulation under three kinds of bricklaying methods is reliable while homogenization reflects the mechanical characteristics of masonry structure as a whole. The rigid homogenization method based on regular tessellation theory takes brick by brick as components to be dismantled and replaced in the ancient architecture, which opens a new way for the fine analysis of masonry structure. The rigid homogenization method maximizes the protection of the ancient masonry structure, which is of great significance for the protection of human cultural heritage.

Long regarded as the contemporary Chinese feminist poet par excellence—giving not only voice to Chinese women but feminine sonic mysteriousness to the poetic landscape—Zhai Yongming has, in her latest work, apotheosized Chinese women’s poetry into the only thing through which relations between Chinese linguistics, historiography, media, and constructions of national and global essence become fully apprehensible. This essay is divided into two parts. Part one investigates Zhai’s vision of the relationship between twenty-first-century Chinese feminist poetics and the knowability of modern China—not its knowability from a feminist standpoint but its knowability at all. I examine her use of the tropes of feminist recognition to deconstruct a postsinological world—one in which the politics of representing and studying “China” everywhere circulate and proliferate, one in which what Zhai terms the “DNA of the Chinese language” morphs alongside gender and global technologies, and one in which ancient and ...

“Feminist Sinologies” offers an introduction to the thematic cluster published in this issue. Its historicist account of the entanglements between feminism and sinology reveals the deep and broad ties between the theories, methods, and problematics of feminism and the ongoing production of knowledge about China (our repurposed definition of sinology). It argues that this dialectic has special explanatory power for both contemporary Chinese phenomena and twenty-first-century feminist studies.

In the April 1872 issue of Shen Bao, China’s flagship private newspaper, a loose translation of “Rip Van Winkle” was published under the title “A Sleep of Seventy Years一睡七十年.” Possibly the first piece of American fiction in China, “A Sleep of Seventy Years” appears without any paratextual information or mention of Washington Irving, a mere sliver of a story sandwiched between an admonition about hearsay and gossip and a report on the violations committed by British missionaries on the Yangtze River. The story itself bridges these two articles by addressing historical crisis and the way such news is often delivered. In “A Sleep,” Wei finds himself in an oasis in the mountains where he is met by three Daoist saints. After imbibing their liquor, the young scholar falls asleep only to wake up 70 years later. Bearing the distinct imprint of “Rip Van Winkle,” Wei only registers the passage of time when he notices that his rifle (火枪) has rotted. Like Rip, he returns to a village where everyone else has aged. Wei learns that he has completely bypassed the domestic life into which he thinks he had just entered (his wife and son have already died), discovering that his newfound social identity is consigned to nostalgic chit-chat. “A Sleep of Seventy Years” might pass as any other folktale but for two important clues: the modern rifle and the specificity of 70 years. Like “Rip Van Winkle,” this tale capitalizes on the structural suitability of a before-and-after story for conveying pessimism about contemporary historical happenings without having to go into details. Only here, the historical referents are changed: the 20 years of Rip Van

After his trip to London, Lao She wrote essays and fiction about the Pacific Islands. In one of these essays, he commented on the nature of duration in Henry James’ fiction, which Lao She felt that, by avoiding temporal shortcuts such as “many years later,” commensurated reading time to narrative time. This essay rereads Lao She’s transpacific novel, Little Po’s Birthday, under this borrowed experimentation with diegetic duration. I note the impact of what Lao She perceived as Jamesian duration on his anticolonialist metafiction of the 1930s as well as its unanticipated implications for his Chinese nationalism.

This essay reconceptualizes Ralph Waldo Emerson's transnationalism. Emerson took an active interest in China late in his career amidst emerging national fantasies of Sino-American collaboration and took this opportunity to rearticulate an earlier theory of social reform: the notion that one can be non-dialectically jolted into a new idea/opinion/doxa without committing to said idea/opinion/doxa. Emerson's unorthodox thoughts on China and China's own use of its literature can help us adjust the prospect of China's role in ninteenth-century American letters and, more importantly, help us fill in the logical steps between his late reform politics and his lifelong endorsement of Universal intellectual socialism.

The data for the solubility of hydrogen in nickel in equilibrium with H 2 -gas at atmospheric pressure have been analyzed in terms of a model which considers H–vacancy interactions. This model has been shown to be compatible with both the thermodynamic and kinetic data for Ni–H system.

The solubility of hydrogen in equilibrium with H2-gas at atmospheric pressure exhibits a temperature variation, in the BCC phase range, which is incompatible with the simple quasi-regular statistics expected for a dilute interstitial solid solution. This behavior has been analyzed in term of a statistical model that includes the interactions between interstitial H-atoms and lattice vacancies. Good agreement is found between the model and the experimental data.

The thermodynamics of metal-hydrogen solid solutions have been studied using a Fermi-Dirac distribution function in order to describe the formation of H-vacancy clusters. The H-vacancy interaction energies for clusters (decorated vacancies) containing up to six H-atoms have been taken from effective medium calculations. The solute metals Pd, Ni, Fe, Mo and Nb have been considered. The calculations enable the relative fractions of clusters of a given order to be calculated as a function of H-concentration and temperature. A mathematical model for the simultaneous diffusion of H-atoms, vacancies and H-VAC clusters has been developed. The numerical evaluation of the basic kinetic equations is based upon finite difference methods. Kinetic calculations have been made based upon Ni-H solutions as a model system.