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Multilayer compression bandaging (MLB) for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) patients may be easier to apply during nighttime sleep. Little is known about the specific effects of nighttime multilayer bandaging (NMLB) alone. In the present study, we examined whether NMLB alone significantly improved the negative symptoms of BCRL such as excessive swelling and an unpleasant feeling. A pre–post study was conducted as a basis for the development of efficient self-care treatment. Eight middle-aged female patients with unilateral upper extremity BCRL voluntarily participated in this study. During the first 2 weeks, the participants were educated and trained in the self-bandaging technique. The participants then wore MLB on the affected extremity for the following seven nights at home from bedtime to the next morning (hereafter referred to as the intervention). We measured the segmental total body water (STBW) volume on the affected upper extremity using bioimpedance spectroscopy and subjective symptoms us...

p-Phenylenediamine, an intermediate of oxidative-type hair dyes, was administered to groups of male and female F344 rats in their diet. A subacute toxicity test showed that 0.4% p-phenylenediamine was very toxic to both sexes, but that 0.2, 0.1 and 0.05% p-phenylenediamine induced no remarkable toxic changes in either sex. In a chronic toxicity test 0.1 and 0.05% p-phenylenediamine were given to both sexes in their diet for 80 weeks, but no carcinogenic effects were found in either sex.