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Cyphelloporia Karasiński, L. Nagy, Szarkándi, Holec & Kolařík, gen. nov. Figs. 3–6 MycoBank. MB843795 Etymology. Cyphello-: derived from the generic name Cyphella, formerly accommodating many cyphelloid fungi; - poria: resembling polypores with resupinate basidiomata, formerly classified in Poria Pers. sensu lato. Type species. Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis Karasiński, Holec & Dvořák, see below. Diagnosis. Cyphelloporia differs from the most related genus Rectipilus as well as from other cyphelloid fungi, especially Henningsomyces, by large basidiomata resembling some resupinate polypores and consisting of thousands of densely aggregated tubular receptacles that reach an unusual length of up to 10 mm and are crowded on distinct subiculum which is gelatinous when young. Genetically, Cyphelloporia belongs to the Rectipilus lineage but is very distant from Rectipilus in its LSU and ITS rDNA sequences. Description. Basidiomata lignicolous on dead wood, cyphelloid, annual, resupinate, usually covering an area of several square decimeters, white to cream coloured when fresh, with individual receptacles initially sessile then short-stalked, densely packed, up to 10 mm long, arranged on a subiculum which is gelatinous when young. Hyphal system monomitic, generative hyphae with clamp connections, thin to slightly thick-walled. Hyphae on receptacle surface colourless, smooth, occasionally with short tuberculate to cylindrical or long flexuose outgrowths, hyphae of receptacles mouths cylindrical, unbranched, straight with flexuose ends. Basidia clavate with 4 sterigmata and basal clamp. Cystidia absent. Basidiospores principally ellipsoid to subglobose, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid, non-dextrinoid, acyanophilous., Published as part of Karasiński, Dariusz, Nagy, László G., Szarkándi, János Gergö, Dvořák, Daniel, Kolařík, Miroslav & Holec, Jan, 2023, Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis (Fungi, Agaricales) - a new genus and species for a giant cyphelloid fungus from Białowieża virgin forest in Poland, pp. 119-136 in Phytotaxa 589 (2) on page 124, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7762380

Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis Karasiński, Holec & Dvořák, sp. nov. Figs. 3–6 MycoBank. MB843796 Etymology. The specific epithet represents the latinized version of the locality name, the Białowieża virgin forest in Poland, the only site where the species has been found so far. The same epithet has been used for Dentipratulum bialoviesense Domański (1965: 7). Holotype. Poland, Podlasie Province, the Białowieża National Park, in mixed natural forest of primeval origin, forest section 345 A, N52°44’31.5’’ E23°54’42.2’’, Picea abies: fallen big log ca. 65 cm in diameter, in advanced stage of decay, covered with mosses, 11 August 2009, leg. D. Karasiński 3715 (KRAM F-59691). Isotype in herbarium PRM (PRM 957105). Diagnosis. Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis differs from other species of cyphelloid fungi by the following combination of characters: basidiomata large, covering area of several dm 2 on dead wood, consisting of thousands of tubular, finally short-stalked receptacles reaching a length of up to 10 mm and crowded on a distinct subiculum which is gelatinous when young, monomitic hyphal system with clamps, non-encrusted, colourless, mostly unbranched external hyphae, and mostly ellipsoid, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores measuring (3.5–)4.0–5.0(–5.2) × (2.6–)3.0–3.5(–4.0) µm with Q = (1.00–)1.14–1.50(–1.71) and Qav = 1.40. Description. Basidiomata annual, resupinate, widely effused, growing on dead wood, occupying an area up to 50 (–100) cm long and 30 cm wide, linear, circular or most often irregular in outline, consisting of densely aggregated individual receptacles, superficially resembling tubes of polypores, arranged on relatively thick (up to 100 µm, usually thinner), continuous, partially translucent subiculum which is clearly visible to the naked eye, very distinct especially in young basidiomata where it looks gelatinous-like, subhyaline or watery white, with fimbriate and radially arranged, short white strands on margin forming a sterile zone (without receptacles); in mature specimens subiculum less distinct and agglutinated, in senescent and old basidiomata present as an almost invisible subhyaline translucent coat on wood. Receptacles (1.5–)3–8(–10) mm long and ca. 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter, initially cupulate to funnel- or barrelshaped and sessile, then cylindrical to tubular and with short stipe-like base ca. 200–350 × 100–150 µm; white to cream, sometimes yellowish or even brownish in senescent fruitbodies, mouths white. In some well developed and large basidiomata, the receptacles sometimes have a cap-shaped, widely open apical part, but usually receptacle mouths have orifices equal to receptacle diameter or more often slightly folded inwards. Receptacle surface under lens with longitudinally arranged white fibrils. Smell faint, fungoid, taste at first acidulous, then bitterish. Hyphal system monomitic. Hyphae thin to slightly thick-walled, with clamp connections, hyaline, smooth, usually with long cells, not reacting in Melzer’s reagent, 3% KOH and Cotton Blue. Subicular hyphae 1.5–4 µm wide, close to substrate forming dense and more or less agglutinated structure of richly branched interwoven hyphae, toward subicular surface hyphae are more loosely arranged, subparallel to interwoven, embedded in a gelatinous matrix which does not stain in Congo Red (while the hyphae wall does), with age collapsed and agglutinated as same as in basal part. Hyphae in a core of trama 2.5–4.5 µm wide, somewhat agglutinated, slightly thick-walled (or appearing so because they are slightly gelified), parallel, with long cells, usually straight or slightly flexuose, sparsely branched. External hyphae on receptacle surface 2–4 µm wide, thin-walled, colourless, densely to loosely interwoven, more or less projecting (trichoderm-like), some hyphal ends with short tuberculate to cylindrical or long flexuose outgrowths, occasionally with shortly forked tips. Hyphae of receptacle mouths of the same width, straight or slightly interwoven with more or less flexuose ends, unbranched, obtuse at apex, occasionally with shortly forked tips, colourless, smooth, without encrustations. Cystidia and cystidioles absent. Basidia 16–26 × 5–7 µm, clavate to narrowly clavate, sometimes constricted in middle part, with 4 sterigmata and basal clamp. Basidioles 12–22 × 4–5.5 µm, narrowly clavate. Basidiospores (3.5–)4.0–5.0(–5.2) × (2.6–)3.0–3.5(–4.0) µm (270 spores from 9 specimens), mean length 4.5 µm, mean width 3.2 µm, Q = (1.00–)1.14–1.50(–1.71), Qav = 1.40, most of them ellipsoid, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose in front view, less frequently ovoid, rarely obovoid to globose, in side view some of them slightly inequilateral with flattened adaxial and convex abaxial side, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, with small but distinct apiculus, inamyloid, non-dextrinoid, acyanophilous. Ecology. Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis occurs in mixed lowland forests of primeval origin, most often in forest association Tilio-Carpinetum with admixed Picea abies. Basidiomata are mostly found on moderately to strongly decayed fallen trunks of Picea abies covered by mosses and less frequently on wood of barkless trunks in early stage of decay. Type of rot is unknown. Distribution. So far, C. bialoviesensis is known only from the Białowieża virgin forest in northeastern Poland. The species is widely distributed there, which is documented by the high number of records and forest sections where it was found (see below). All records of our team originate from the strictly protected zone of the Białowieża National Park, mostly from its southern part near the village of Białowieża. However, we expect its occurrence also in well-preserved forest stands outside the strictly protected zone. The BLASTn search against GlobalFungi database (Větrovský et al. 2020) did not reveal any sequence with identity higher than 85%, which further documents that C. bialoviesensis is either a very rare species or has a very restricted distribution. Additional specimens examined. All specimens were studied by us. The specimens are listed chronologically. Elevation range of all Białowieża collections is 150–170 m a.s.l., which corresponds to the range of the strictly protected zone of the Białowieża National Park (Faliński 1986). Ibid.: the same locality data as the previous record. — Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis, recent collections . POLAND. Podlasie Province: Białowieża National Park, mixed natural forest of primeval origin, forest section 339B, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed log covered with mosses, 5 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3254 (PRM 957084).—Ibid., forest section 371D, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed trunk, 5 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3266 (PRM957085).—Ibid., forest section 340A, N52°44’13.8’’ E23°49’44.4’’, Picea abies: fragment of fallen strongly decayed trunk, 6 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3286 (PRM 957086).—Ibid., forest section 340A, Picea abies: fallen log covered with mosses, 6 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3297 (PRM 957087).—Ibid., forest section 346, N52°43’55.6’’ E23°56’17.3’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed trunk, 27 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3578 (PRM 957088).—Ibid., forest section 319C, N52°44’39.3’’ E23°54’29.0’’, Picea abies: on wood of fallen trunk, 28 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3612 (PRM 957089).—Ibid., forest section 370, N52°43’33.8’’ E23°50’45.7’’, Picea abies: decorticated fallen trunk, 10 August 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3705 (PRM 957090).—Ibid., forest section 346, N52°44’29.8’’ E23°55’27.8’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed trunk, 11 August 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3723 (PRM 957091).—Ibid., forest section 288D, N52°45’11.6’’ E23°54’20.9’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed big log, 12 August 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3741 (PRM 957092).—Ibid., forest section 316, N52°46’39.1’’ E23°52’38.5’’, Picea abies: fallen trunk in advanced stage of decay, 14 August 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3788 (PRM 957093).—Ibid., forest section 374, N52°43’33.1’’ E23°54’48.9’’, Picea abies: fallen trunk, 15 September 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 4160 (PRM 957094).—Ibid., forest section 340, N52°44’26.4’’ E23°49’49.2’’, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed big log covered with mosses, 20 September 2009, leg. D. Karasiński DK 4291 (PRM 957095).—Ibid., N52°45’43.8’’ E23°54’25.7’’, Picea abies: fallen trunk, 22 September 2011 leg. D. Karasiński DK 6453 (PRM 957096).—Ibid., forest section 398B, N52°43.129 E23°50.461, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed trunk covered with mosses, 12 September 2016 leg. J. Holec JH 75/2016 (PRM 944786).—Ibid., forest section 402B, N52°43.340 E23°53.015, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed trunk covered with mosses, 13 September 2016 leg. J. Holec JH 96/2016 (PRM 944799; duplicate: PRM 956592, for herbarium processed by M. Kříž).—Ibid., forest section 373, Picea abies: upper part of lying mossy trunk, moderately decayed, 80 cm in diam., 13 September 2016 leg. D. Dvořák DD 160913-03 (BRNU).—Ibid., forest section 373D, N52°43.507 E23°54.468, Picea abies: fallen trunk in early stage of decay, without bark, 13 September 2016 leg. J. Holec JH 107/2016 (PRM 944810).—Ibid., forest section 374C, N52°43’28.0’’ E23°54’38.4’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed log covered with mosses, 23 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12068 (PRM 957097).—Ibid., forest section 370C, N52°43’24.2’’ E23°51’06.4’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed log covered with mosses, 24 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12100 (PRM 957098).—Ibid., forest section 399, N52°43’21.8’’ E23°51’26.6’’, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed log, 24 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12112 (PRM 957099).—Ibid., forest section 373D, N52°43’21.5’’ E23°54’11.7’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed big log covered with mosses, 27 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12125 (PRM 957100).—Ibid., forest section 373D, N52°43’29.5’’ E23°54’06.4’’, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed trunk covered with mosses, 27 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12146 (PRM 957101).—Ibid., forest section 314, N52°45’03.4’’ E23°50’15.4’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed log, 28 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12159 (PRM 957102).—Ibid., forest section 284, N52°45’19.4’’ E23°50’26.1’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed log covered with mosses, 28 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12170 (PRM 957103).—Ibid., forest section 284, N52°45’17.6’’ E23°50’24.8’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed trunk, 28 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12171 (PRM 957104).—Ibid., forest section 318D, N52°44.760’ E23°54.384’, Picea abies: fallen decayed trunk covered with mosses, 19 September 2017 leg. J. Holec (PRM 946078).—Ibid., forest section 318D, N52°44.710 E23°54.401, Picea abies: fallen trunk without bark of diameter 110 cm, 19 September 2017 leg. J. Holec (PRM 946149).—Ibid., forest section not given, on fallen decaying trunk of Picea abies, 22 September 2017 leg. M. Kříž (PRM 956593). — Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis, old collections from Domański’s herbarium KRAM F-SD with annotations on labels. Exact sites of occurrence are unknown. Original texts from labels are given. POLAND. Podlasie Province: Białowieża, ad truncum emortuum Piceae excelsae in silva mixta virginea, 5.VIII.1962 leg. S. Domański (KRAM F-SD 2313 as Cyphella candida / Henningsomyces sp.).—Białowieża, distr. Hajnówka, ad caudicem Piceae abietis, 5.VIII.1962 leg. S. Domański (KRAM F-SD 5490 as Henningsomyces sp.).—Białowieża, distr. Hajnówka, ad caudicem putridum Piceae abietis, 6.VIII.1962 leg. S. Domański (KRAM F-SD 5493 as Henningsomyces sp.).—Białowieża, in silva mixta virginea, ad truncum putridum Piceae excelsae, 5.VIII.1965 leg. S. Domański (KRAM F-SD 4496 as Henningsomyces sp.). — Henningsomyces puber, collections used for comparison . POLAND. Podlasie Province: Białowieża, DK 8973.— CZECH REPUBLIC. South Bohemia: Boubínský prales virgin forest, fenced core area, 980 m a.s.l., on fallen decayed trunk of Abies alba, 8 October 2013 leg. et det. M. Kříž (PRM 923269).

Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis Karasiński, Holec & Dvořák, sp. nov. Figs. 3–6 MycoBank. MB843796 Etymology. The specific epithet represents the latinized version of the locality name, the Białowieża virgin forest in Poland, the only site where the species has been found so far. The same epithet has been used for Dentipratulum bialoviesense Domański (1965: 7). Holotype. Poland, Podlasie Province, the Białowieża National Park, in mixed natural forest of primeval origin, forest section 345 A, N52°44’31.5’’ E23°54’42.2’’, Picea abies: fallen big log ca. 65 cm in diameter, in advanced stage of decay, covered with mosses, 11 August 2009, leg. D. Karasiński 3715 (KRAM F-59691). Isotype in herbarium PRM (PRM 957105). Diagnosis. Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis differs from other species of cyphelloid fungi by the following combination of characters: basidiomata large, covering area of several dm 2 on dead wood, consisting of thousands of tubular, finally short-stalked receptacles reaching a length of up to 10 mm and crowded on a distinct subiculum which is gelatinous when young, monomitic hyphal system with clamps, non-encrusted, colourless, mostly unbranched external hyphae, and mostly ellipsoid, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores measuring (3.5–)4.0–5.0(–5.2) × (2.6–)3.0–3.5(–4.0) µm with Q = (1.00–)1.14–1.50(–1.71) and Qav = 1.40. Description. Basidiomata annual, resupinate, widely effused, growing on dead wood, occupying an area up to 50 (–100) cm long and 30 cm wide, linear, circular or most often irregular in outline, consisting of densely aggregated individual receptacles, superficially resembling tubes of polypores, arranged on relatively thick (up to 100 µm, usually thinner), continuous, partially translucent subiculum which is clearly visible to the naked eye, very distinct especially in young basidiomata where it looks gelatinous-like, subhyaline or watery white, with fimbriate and radially arranged, short white strands on margin forming a sterile zone (without receptacles); in mature specimens subiculum less distinct and agglutinated, in senescent and old basidiomata present as an almost invisible subhyaline translucent coat on wood. Receptacles (1.5–)3–8(–10) mm long and ca. 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter, initially cupulate to funnel- or barrelshaped and sessile, then cylindrical to tubular and with short stipe-like base ca. 200–350 × 100–150 µm; white to cream, sometimes yellowish or even brownish in senescent fruitbodies, mouths white. In some well developed and large basidiomata, the receptacles sometimes have a cap-shaped, widely open apical part, but usually receptacle mouths have orifices equal to receptacle diameter or more often slightly folded inwards. Receptacle surface under lens with longitudinally arranged white fibrils. Smell faint, fungoid, taste at first acidulous, then bitterish. Hyphal system monomitic. Hyphae thin to slightly thick-walled, with clamp connections, hyaline, smooth, usually with long cells, not reacting in Melzer’s reagent, 3% KOH and Cotton Blue. Subicular hyphae 1.5–4 µm wide, close to substrate forming dense and more or less agglutinated structure of richly branched interwoven hyphae, toward subicular surface hyphae are more loosely arranged, subparallel to interwoven, embedded in a gelatinous matrix which does not stain in Congo Red (while the hyphae wall does), with age collapsed and agglutinated as same as in basal part. Hyphae in a core of trama 2.5–4.5 µm wide, somewhat agglutinated, slightly thick-walled (or appearing so because they are slightly gelified), parallel, with long cells, usually straight or slightly flexuose, sparsely branched. External hyphae on receptacle surface 2–4 µm wide, thin-walled, colourless, densely to loosely interwoven, more or less projecting (trichoderm-like), some hyphal ends with short tuberculate to cylindrical or long flexuose outgrowths, occasionally with shortly forked tips. Hyphae of receptacle mouths of the same width, straight or slightly interwoven with more or less flexuose ends, unbranched, obtuse at apex, occasionally with shortly forked tips, colourless, smooth, without encrustations. Cystidia and cystidioles absent. Basidia 16–26 × 5–7 µm, clavate to narrowly clavate, sometimes constricted in middle part, with 4 sterigmata and basal clamp. Basidioles 12–22 × 4–5.5 µm, narrowly clavate. Basidiospores (3.5–)4.0–5.0(–5.2) × (2.6–)3.0–3.5(–4.0) µm (270 spores from 9 specimens), mean length 4.5 µm, mean width 3.2 µm, Q = (1.00–)1.14–1.50(–1.71), Qav = 1.40, most of them ellipsoid, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose in front view, less frequently ovoid, rarely obovoid to globose, in side view some of them slightly inequilateral with flattened adaxial and convex abaxial side, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, with small but distinct apiculus, inamyloid, non-dextrinoid, acyanophilous. Ecology. Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis occurs in mixed lowland forests of primeval origin, most often in forest association Tilio-Carpinetum with admixed Picea abies. Basidiomata are mostly found on moderately to strongly decayed fallen trunks of Picea abies covered by mosses and less frequently on wood of barkless trunks in early stage of decay. Type of rot is unknown. Distribution. So far, C. bialoviesensis is known only from the Białowieża virgin forest in northeastern Poland. The species is widely distributed there, which is documented by the high number of records and forest sections where it was found (see below). All records of our team originate from the strictly protected zone of the Białowieża National Park, mostly from its southern part near the village of Białowieża. However, we expect its occurrence also in well-preserved forest stands outside the strictly protected zone. The BLASTn search against GlobalFungi database (Větrovský et al. 2020) did not reveal any sequence with identity higher than 85%, which further documents that C. bialoviesensis is either a very rare species or has a very restricted distribution. Additional specimens examined. All specimens were studied by us. The specimens are listed chronologically. Elevation range of all Białowieża collections is 150–170 m a.s.l., which corresponds to the range of the strictly protected zone of the Białowieża National Park (Faliński 1986). Ibid.: the same locality data as the previous record. — Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis, recent collections . POLAND. Podlasie Province: Białowieża National Park, mixed natural forest of primeval origin, forest section 339B, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed log covered with mosses, 5 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3254 (PRM 957084).—Ibid., forest section 371D, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed trunk, 5 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3266 (PRM957085).—Ibid., forest section 340A, N52°44’13.8’’ E23°49’44.4’’, Picea abies: fragment of fallen strongly decayed trunk, 6 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3286 (PRM 957086).—Ibid., forest section 340A, Picea abies: fallen log covered with mosses, 6 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3297 (PRM 957087).—Ibid., forest section 346, N52°43’55.6’’ E23°56’17.3’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed trunk, 27 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3578 (PRM 957088).—Ibid., forest section 319C, N52°44’39.3’’ E23°54’29.0’’, Picea abies: on wood of fallen trunk, 28 July 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3612 (PRM 957089).—Ibid., forest section 370, N52°43’33.8’’ E23°50’45.7’’, Picea abies: decorticated fallen trunk, 10 August 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3705 (PRM 957090).—Ibid., forest section 346, N52°44’29.8’’ E23°55’27.8’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed trunk, 11 August 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3723 (PRM 957091).—Ibid., forest section 288D, N52°45’11.6’’ E23°54’20.9’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed big log, 12 August 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3741 (PRM 957092).—Ibid., forest section 316, N52°46’39.1’’ E23°52’38.5’’, Picea abies: fallen trunk in advanced stage of decay, 14 August 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 3788 (PRM 957093).—Ibid., forest section 374, N52°43’33.1’’ E23°54’48.9’’, Picea abies: fallen trunk, 15 September 2009 leg. D. Karasiński DK 4160 (PRM 957094).—Ibid., forest section 340, N52°44’26.4’’ E23°49’49.2’’, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed big log covered with mosses, 20 September 2009, leg. D. Karasiński DK 4291 (PRM 957095).—Ibid., N52°45’43.8’’ E23°54’25.7’’, Picea abies: fallen trunk, 22 September 2011 leg. D. Karasiński DK 6453 (PRM 957096).—Ibid., forest section 398B, N52°43.129 E23°50.461, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed trunk covered with mosses, 12 September 2016 leg. J. Holec JH 75/2016 (PRM 944786).—Ibid., forest section 402B, N52°43.340 E23°53.015, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed trunk covered with mosses, 13 September 2016 leg. J. Holec JH 96/2016 (PRM 944799; duplicate: PRM 956592, for herbarium processed by M. Kříž).—Ibid., forest section 373, Picea abies: upper part of lying mossy trunk, moderately decayed, 80 cm in diam., 13 September 2016 leg. D. Dvořák DD 160913-03 (BRNU).—Ibid., forest section 373D, N52°43.507 E23°54.468, Picea abies: fallen trunk in early stage of decay, without bark, 13 September 2016 leg. J. Holec JH 107/2016 (PRM 944810).—Ibid., forest section 374C, N52°43’28.0’’ E23°54’38.4’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed log covered with mosses, 23 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12068 (PRM 957097).—Ibid., forest section 370C, N52°43’24.2’’ E23°51’06.4’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed log covered with mosses, 24 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12100 (PRM 957098).—Ibid., forest section 399, N52°43’21.8’’ E23°51’26.6’’, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed log, 24 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12112 (PRM 957099).—Ibid., forest section 373D, N52°43’21.5’’ E23°54’11.7’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed big log covered with mosses, 27 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12125 (PRM 957100).—Ibid., forest section 373D, N52°43’29.5’’ E23°54’06.4’’, Picea abies: fallen strongly decayed trunk covered with mosses, 27 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12146 (PRM 957101).—Ibid., forest section 314, N52°45’03.4’’ E23°50’15.4’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed log, 28 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12159 (PRM 957102).—Ibid., forest section 284, N52°45’19.4’’ E23°50’26.1’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed log covered with mosses, 28 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12170 (PRM 957103).—Ibid., forest section 284, N52°45’17.6’’ E23°50’24.8’’, Picea abies: fallen decayed trunk, 28 August 2017 leg. D. Karasiński DK 12171 (PRM 957104).—Ibid., forest section 318D, N52°44.760’ E23°54.384’, Picea abies: fallen decayed trunk covered with mosses, 19 September 2017 leg. J. Holec (PRM 946078).—Ibid., forest section 318D, N52°44.710 E23°54.401, Picea abies: fallen trunk without bark of diameter 110 cm, 19 September 2017 leg. J. Holec (PRM 946149).—Ibid., forest section not given, on fallen decaying trunk of Picea abies, 22 September 2017 leg. M. Kříž (PRM 956593). — Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis, old collections from Domański’s herbarium KRAM F-SD with annotations on labels. Exact sites of occurrence are unknown. Original texts from labels are given. POLAND. Podlasie Province: Białowieża, ad truncum emortuum Piceae excelsae in silva mixta virginea, 5.VIII.1962 leg. S. Domański (KRAM F-SD 2313 as Cyphella candida / Henningsomyces sp.).—Białowieża, distr. Hajnówka, ad caudicem Piceae abietis, 5.VIII.1962 leg. S. Domański (KRAM F-SD 5490 as Henningsomyces sp.).—Białowieża, distr. Hajnówka, ad caudicem putridum Piceae abietis, 6.VIII.1962 leg. S. Domański (KRAM F-SD 5493 as Henningsomyces sp.).—Białowieża, in silva mixta virginea, ad truncum putridum Piceae excelsae, 5.VIII.1965 leg. S. Domański (KRAM F-SD 4496 as Henningsomyces sp.). — Henningsomyces puber, collections used for comparison . POLAND. Podlasie Province: Białowieża, DK 8973.— CZECH REPUBLIC. South Bohemia: Boubínský prales virgin forest, fenced core area, 980 m a.s.l., on fallen decayed trunk of Abies alba, 8 October 2013 leg. et det. M. Kříž (PRM 923269)., Published as part of Karasiński, Dariusz, Nagy, László G., Szarkándi, János Gergö, Dvořák, Daniel, Kolařík, Miroslav & Holec, Jan, 2023, Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis (Fungi, Agaricales) - a new genus and species for a giant cyphelloid fungus from Białowieża virgin forest in Poland, pp. 119-136 in Phytotaxa 589 (2) on pages 124-129, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7762380, {"references":["Domanski, S. (1965) Wood-inhabiting fungi in Bialowieza virgin forest in Poland II. The mucronelloid fungus of the Hericium group: Dentipratulum bialoviesense, gen. et sp. nov. Acta Mycologica 1: 5 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.5586 / am. 1965.001","Vetrovsky, T., Morais, D., Kohout, P., Lepinay, C., Algora, C., Awokunle Holla, S., Bahnmann, B. D., Bilohneda, K., Brabcova, V., D'Alo, F., Human, Z. R., Jomura, M., Kolarik, M., Kvasnickova, J., Llado, S., Lopez-Mondejar, R., Martinovic, T., Masinova, T., Meszarosova, L., Michalcikova, L., Michalova, T., Mundra, S., Navratilova, D., Odriozola, I., Piche-Choquette, S., Stursova, M., Svec, K., Tlaskal, V., Urbanova, M., Vlk, L., Voriskova, J., Zifcakova, L. & Baldrian, P. (2020) GlobalFungi, a global database of fungal occurrences from high-throughput-sequencing metabarcoding studies. Scientific Data 7, 228: 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41597 - 020 - 00647 - 3","Falinski, J. B. (1986): Vegetation dynamics in temperate lowland primeval forests. - Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, 537 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 4806 - 8"]}

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231177151 for Microscopic colitis is a risk factor for low bone density: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Anett Rancz, Brigitta Teutsch, Marie Anne Engh, Dániel Sándor Veres, László Földvári-Nagy, Bálint Erőss, Nóra Hosszúfalusi, Márk Félix Juhász, Péter Hegyi and Emese Mihály in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology

Additional file 2: Table S1. PRISMA checklist 2020; Table S2. Definitions of gut microbiome diversity outcomes reported in the included studies; Table S3. The summarized results of taxonomic analysis of microbiome composition as measured immediately at the end of simultaneous antibiotic and probiotic treatment; Table S4. Outcomes of follow-up as reported in each study; Table S5. Risk of bias assessment for all outcomes - Assignment to intervention; Table S6. Risk of bias assessment for all outcomes - Adhering to intervention; Table S7. GRADE assessment for the meta-analyses of Shannon, Chao1 and Observed OTUs diversity indices.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231177151 for Microscopic colitis is a risk factor for low bone density: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Anett Rancz, Brigitta Teutsch, Marie Anne Engh, Dániel Sándor Veres, László Földvári-Nagy, Bálint Erőss, Nóra Hosszúfalusi, Márk Félix Juhász, Péter Hegyi and Emese Mihály in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology

Additional file 1: Supplementary Methods S1. Details of the study protocol; Supplementary Methods S2. Details of the systematic search.

This study aims to determine Hungarian elders' (65 and older) consumer preferences to 100% apple juice and vitamin C enhanced 100% apple juices and determine their willingness to pay towards various type of claims regarding such as health, nutritional and redundant claims. Apple juice is selected as a most common and consumed juice in Hungary, and rich in Vitamin C product is also selected due to its benefit on immune system. Redundant type of claim is selected to conclude in this study as it's a type of claim which has a growing usage tendency in the market due to its marketing and communication values. We would like to observe influence of immune system informative health claim on elderly consumers whether current Covid19 pandemic has effected their approach towards consumption of vitamin C rich product. Elders as the participant profile in this study are particularly preferred due to their high in risk status during the pandemic situation and their sensitiveness towards Covid19 epidemic. Data is going to be collected through BDM incentive compatible mechanism in a district farmer's market in Budapest, Hungary. This study aims to collect at least 250 participants' data through quadruplet participant experiment sessions with their WTP besides of socio-demographics, psycho-graphics, food consumption habits and health-related statuses.

The protection of vulnerable developing structures evolved repeatedly in terrestrial organisms and includes, among others, viviparity in animals and the seed in land plants. In mushroom-forming fungi (Agaricomycetes), sexual spores are born on fruiting bodies, the growth of which is a complex developmental process that is exposed to environmental factors (e.g., desiccation, fungivorous animals). Mushroom-forming fungi evolved a series of innovations in fruiting body protection, however, how these emerged is obscure, leaving the evolutionary principles of fruiting body development poorly known. Here, we show that developmental innovations that lead to the spore-producing surface (hymenophore) being enclosed in a protected environment display asymmetry in their evolution and are associated with increased diversification rates. 'Enclosed' development evolved convergently and became a dominant developmental type in several clades of mushrooms. This probably mirrors spore production benefits for species with protected fruiting body initials, by better coping with environmental factors. Our observations highlight new morphological traits associated with mushroom diversification that parallel the evolution of protection strategies in other organisms, such as viviparity or the seed in animals or plants, respectively, but in the context of spore development, highlighting the general importance of protecting vulnerable progeny across the tree of life.

Multicellularity has been one of the most important innovations in the history of life. The role of gene regulatory changes in driving transitions to multicellularity is being increasingly recognized; however, factors influencing gene expression patterns are poorly known in many clades. Here, we compared the developmental transcriptomes of complex multicellular fruiting bodies of eight Agaricomycetes and Cryptococcus neoformans, a closely related human pathogen with a simple morphology. In-depth analysis in Pleurotus ostreatus revealed that allele-specific expression, natural antisense transcripts, and developmental gene expression, but not RNA editing or a ‘developmental hourglass,’ act in concert to shape its transcriptome during fruiting body development. We found that transcriptional patterns of genes strongly depend on their evolutionary ages. Young genes showed more developmental and allele-specific expression variation, possibly because of weaker evolutionary constraint, suggestive of nonadaptive expression variance in fruiting bodies. These results prompted us to define a set of conserved genes specifically regulated only during complex morphogenesis by excluding young genes and accounting for deeply conserved ones shared with species showing simple sexual development. Analysis of the resulting gene set revealed evolutionary and functional associations with complex multicellularity, which allowed us to speculate they are involved in complex multicellular morphogenesis of mushroom fruiting bodies.

Assigning species to functional response groups in phytoplankton ecology reduces the number of functional units, which helps understand the processes that shape diversity and functioning of planktonic assemblages. Although the concept has become widespread in recent years, numerical characterization of the groups’ positions in the niche space remained a challenging task. Using a large river phytoplankton dataset, we characterized the functional groups (FGs) of phytoplankton by their niche position and niche breadth in the niche space defined by the relevant environmental variables using the Outlying Main Index approach. The niche space has been defined primarily by trophic-related (nutrients) and river size-related variables (water residence time, discharge). Although we hypothesized that FGs with central niche position would have wide, while those with marginal niche position have narrow niche breadth, these have not been corroborated by the results. Rather, FGs occurred both with central niche position and intermediate breadth, as well as with marginal niche position and wide breadth. Niche position of several FGs was different from that suggested by their known habitat templates in lakes. Furthermore, we found no significant relationship between niche position and niche breadth, suggesting that the occurrence of FGs in rivers is simultaneously influenced by both niche characteristics.

A Zrínyi 2026 Honvédelmi és haderőfejlesztési program olyan mértékű képességfejlesztést tesz lehetővé, amely páratlan a Magyar Honvédség történelmében. 2018-ban a helikopteres kultúra megújulása megkezdődött a könnyű- és közepes, többcélú helikopterek beszerzésével, amely csak akkor válhat teljessé, ha folytatásként a harcihelikopter-képesség fejlesztésére is sor kerül. Ezen eszközök harci hatékonysága és a megfelelő műszaki megbízhatósága mellett a helikoptervezető állomány, valamint maga a harci helikopter sérülékenységének csökkentése kiemelt jelentőséggel bír. A légierő számára leginkább megfelelő típus kiválasztása során elengedhetetlen vizsgálni azon konstrukciós kialakításokat, amelyekkel a harci helikopterek túlélőképessége növelhető.

In this research we examined the criminological background of aggravated cases of the most serious crime against human life of outstanding severity, the crime of multiple homicide, in Hungary. Pro­cessing the full range of data of the period 2000-2012, we performed a detailed analysis of 217 cases, 250 perpetrators and 532 victims altogether. The research aimed to explore the legal assessment and the perpetration motives of the crime, the perpetrators’ social and psychological backgrounds as well as the victims’ characteristics.

Mycorrhizal fungi are mutualists that play crucial roles in nutrient acquisition in terrestrial ecosystems. Mycorrhizal symbioses arose repeatedly across multiple lineages of Mucoromycotina, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Considerable variation exists in the capacity of mycorrhizal fungi to acquire carbon from soil organic matter. Here, we present a combined analysis of 135 fungal genomes from 73 saprotrophic, endophytic and pathogenic species, and 62 mycorrhizal species, including 29 new mycorrhizal genomes. This study samples ecologically dominant fungal guilds for which there were previously no symbiotic genomes available, including ectomycorrhizal Russulales, Thelephorales and Cantharellales. Our analyses show that transitions from saprotrophy to symbiosis involve (1) widespread losses of degrading enzymes acting on lignin and cellulose, (2) co-option of genes present in saprotrophic ancestors to fulfill new symbiotic functions, (3) diversification of novel, lineage-specific symbiosis-induced genes, (4) proliferation of transposable elements and (5) divergent genetic innovations underlying the convergent origins of the ectomycorrhizal guild., Mycorrhizal symbioses have evolved repeatedly in diverse fungal lineages. A large phylogenomic analysis sheds light on genomic changes associated with transitions from saprotrophy to symbiosis, including divergent genetic innovations underlying the convergent origins of the ectomycorrhizal guild.

Additional file 6: Supplementary Table 1. List of upregulated DE genes in NPC-SZ-HU-PROB compared to both NPC-SZ-HU-FA and NPC-SZ-HU-MO.

Additional file 7: Supplementary Table 2. List of downregulated DE genes in NPC-SZ-HU-PROB compared to both NPC-SZ-HU-FA and NPC-SZ-HU-MO.

Additional file 9: Supplementary Table 4. Detailed Statistical analyses.

Additional file 8: Supplementary Table 3. List of DE genes in NPC-SZ-HU-PROB compared to both NPC-SZ-HU-FA and NPC-SZ-HU-MO that are regulated by KHSRP.

The impact of cumulative daily solar radiation (CDSR) on the biomass of river phytoplankton (Chl-a) in the growing season was studied using a large dataset of rivers in the Carpathian Basin. The amount of solar radiation was cumulated over the range of 1–60 days. The CDSR–Chl-a relationship could be described by linear regression and appeared to be significant for almost all watercourses with the exception of rivers with short water residence time. To determine the most relevant time period of CDSR impacting phytoplankton biomass, the slopes of regressions were plotted against the accumulating number of days of light exposure (1–60). Two characteristic shapes were obtained: unimodal for rhithral rivers with hard substrate and steady increase for lowland potamal rivers with fine substrate. In both cases, there is an increasing tendency in the slope values with water residence time (WRT). It was demonstrated that CDSR has a pronounced impact on river phytoplankton biomass even in cases when WRT was shorter than the cumulated solar radiation period. These results indicate that development of phytoplankton within the river channel is a complex process in which meroplankton dynamics may have significant impacts. Our results have two implications: First, CDSR cannot be neglected in predictive modelling of riverine phytoplankton biomass. Second, climate models forecast increased drought with subsequently increased CDSR in several regions globally, which may trigger a rise in phytoplankton biomass in light-limited rivers with high nutrient concentrations.

While phytoplankton studies on large potamal rivers have increased in number in recent years, upper river sections have received considerably less attention. However, in order to better understand processes that govern the development of dominance of euplanktonic elements in the lower river sections, detailed studies of the upstream areas are necessary. We studied the composition, diversity and recruitment of the planktonic algal communities in the River Sajo and in its main tributary River Hernad, two characteristic rhithral river systems in Central Europe. Results revealed that diatoms are dominant elements of the phytoplankton in the upper river segments both in terms of taxa richness, and relative abundance. We found that composition of the phytoplankton showed the closest resemblance to that of benthic communities of soft substrates, highlighting the key role of riverbed characteristics in river phytoplankton recruitment. The occurrence of euplanktonic elements was not restricted to human impacted river segments, these taxa also occurred in pristine headwaters. Accordingly, planktonic algae potentially colonise small headwater streams naturally, although their dominance is expected to occur only at downstream reaches following impounded river segments. Diatom metrics used in ecological state assessment were calculated for the rithroplankton. These metrics fell in the range of values calculated for diatom flora on the hard substrates. However, the potential use of rithroplankton for quality assessment might be limited, because the high variability of index values at site level would result in misclassification of the ecological status.

Table S1. Association of gene expression profiles with vascular pathophysiology in biologic-naïve RA patients (n = 16) (study 1). (DOCX 35 kb)

Table S2. Association of gene expression profiles with clinical and vascular responses upon anti-TNF therapy in RA patients (n = 19) (study 2). (DOCX 22 kb)

Lentinus tigrinus is a species of wood-decaying fungi (Polyporales) that has an agaricoid form (a gilled mushroom) and a secotioid form (puffball-like, with enclosed spore-bearing structures). Previous studies suggested that the secotioid form is conferred by a recessive allele of a single locus. We sequenced the genomes of one agaricoid (Aga) strain and one secotioid (Sec) strain (39.53-39.88 Mb, with 15,581-15,380 genes, respectively). We mated the Sec and Aga monokaryons, genotyped the progeny, and performed bulked segregant analysis (BSA). We also fruited three Sec/Sec and three Aga/Aga dikaryons, and sampled transcriptomes at four developmental stages. Using BSA, we identified 105 top candidate genes with nonsynonymous SNPs that cosegregate with fruiting body phenotype. Transcriptome analyses of Sec/Sec versus Aga/Aga dikaryons identified 907 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) along four developmental stages. On the basis of BSA and DEGs, the top 25 candidate genes related to fruiting body development span 1.5 Mb (4% of the genome), possibly on a single chromosome, although the precise locus that controls the secotioid phenotype is unresolved. The top candidates include genes encoding a cytochrome P450 and an ATP-dependent RNA helicase, which may play a role in development, based on studies in other fungi.

Hadtudomány, vol. 28. issue 1., ISSN 1215-4121, eISSN 1588-0605

Hadtudomány, vol. 27. issue 1-2., ISSN 1215-4121, eISSN 1588-0605

Hadtudomány, vol. 26. issue 3-4., ISSN 1215-4121, eISSN 1588-0605

Additional file 1. Supplementary materials. Fig. S1 Purity of the NFAP2 after the ion-exchange chromatography, checked with 18 % (w/v) tris–glycine sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel (Novex™ 18 % Tris–Glycine Mini Protein Gels, 1.0 mm, 10-well; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) electrophoresis. Table S1 Putative NFAP2 homologs from annotated filamentous Acomycota genomes. Fig. S2 Alignment of the putative NFAP2 homolog proteins from filamentous ascomycetes. Fig. S3 Bootstrap values of the maximum likelihood tree presented in Fig. 3b.

Fejér György 1789-ben, Séllyei Nagy Ignácnak, a székesfehérvári egyházmegye első püspökének a halálára írt, valószínűleg Faludi Ferenc VI. eclogájára rájátszó Pásztor dalában az egyik pásztor (Titirus) kiemeli a püspök ragyogó jámborságát, istenes életét, (lap alatti jegyzetben bizonyítékként annak Muratori-fordítását említi meg), továbbá azt, hogy a múzsák is kedvelték (itt a jegyzet: „A Magyarországi Mindenségnek sokáig viceprézesse volt. Vannak több magyar munkái: úgymint az Oltáriszentségről, a Szentháromságról s. a’ t. Most is egy munkája vagyon ugyan ezen sajtó alatt, melynek ez a címje: A kereszténynek ájtatossága és hitbéli tanúsága, melyben rövideden megmagyaráztatik minden, ami üdvösségre szükséges. Pozsonyban.”).

The phytoplankton database of the Middle Danube Basin was analysed and evaluated in order to describe the characteristic algal assemblages of the rivers. The dataset were extracted from the database of the Hungarian monitoring network and academic institutions. We implemented the Kohonen Self Organizing Map (SOM) method by which we can visualize the assemblages in topology-preserving projection of two-dimensional space. The method is capable of evaluating large datasets (more than 1800 samples in the present investigation). As a result, we can identify the different algal communities which characterize different river types. The algal communities were described as different ratios of algal functional groups. Since some of the groups are in close relation with certain types of environmental pressure it is also possible to highlight those rivers or river sections (or those periods) which are far from the expected good ecological status.

Antonín, Vladimír, Benedek, Imre Rimóczi Lajos, Papp, Viktor, Szarkándi, János Gergő, Dima, Bálint, Nagy, László G., Papp, Tamás, Ďuriška, Ondrej, Tomšovský, Michal (2014): Melanoleuca juliannae (Basidiomycota, Tricholomataceae), a new species from subgen. Urticocystis. Phytotaxa 170 (1): 13-23, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.170.1.2

Anisops sardeus HERRICH- SCHAEFFER, 1849 (Figs 1���2) Material examined ��� Csongr��d county: Atkai-Holt-Tisza (Algy��) [oxbow lake of River Tisza near village Algy��], N 46��22���58���, E 20��11���53���, 10�� 10 km UTM grid-code: DS 33, 04. VIII. 2010. leg. ATTILA PETRI & ZSOLT NAGY- L��SZL�� (1 male); Pusztaszeri-B��d��ssz��k (Pusztaszer) [a sodic pond near village Pusztaszer], N 46��32���58���; E 20��01���41���, 10�� 10 km UTM grid-code: DS 25, 04. VIII.2010. leg. ATTILA PETRI & ZSOLT NAGY- L��SZL�� (2 males, 5 females, 24 larvae of three different larval instars). Voucher specimens are deposited in the collection of Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest), reference collection of the Measurement Center of Lower-Tisza Regional Environment, Nature Conservation and Water Management Inspectorate (Szeged) and Department of Ecology and Hydrobiology, University of P��cs (P��cs). Morphology ��� As the genus Anisops is not included in the keys used frequently for identification of aquatic Heteroptera in Hungary and Central Europe, we give a short morphological description of the genus and the species. Prima facie, Anisops adult looks like a Notonecta larva, but Anisops specimens are much more slender in every developmental stage than those of Notonecta. Body length of European Anisops species is 4.8���8.4 mm, body width is 1.3���2.0 mm, body shape is elongated, laterally slightly flattened. The most conspicuous descriptive marks, which separate Anisops species from all genera in the family Notonectidae are (1) the hemielytral pit which can be seen behind the posterior edge of the scutellum, in the suture of the hemielytra; (2) extension of the ventral abdominal keel onto the last abdominal segment; and (3) one-segmented front tarsi of the males. Genital capsulae of Anisops species are asymmetrical, but symmetrical in the case of Notonecta. The species of the genus could be identified by the following features: (1) length and width of the body, (2) distances between the eyes measured at anterior and posterior edges of the eyes, and proportion of these distances, (3) shape of the 3rd and 4th rostral segments of the males, and (4) characteristics of the stridulatory combs on the femur of the front legs of the males. Genital parts do not play crucial role in the identification procedure on the species level (BROOKS 1951). Anisops sardeus is the largest among the European species (body length of males 7.5���8.4 mm, females 7.2���7.5 mm, maximum width of males 1.8���1.9 mm, females 1.9���2.0 mm). Head is yellow coloured with brown eyes. Hemielytra are transparent, but their colour are defined by the colour of the underlying body parts, so it appears to be yellow, just like the whole dorsal side of the body. Ventral surface is brown or black. Legs are yellow. In males of A. sardeus, the front edge of the head is conically protruded; it is clearly visible in dorsal or lateral view. The initial form of this protrusion can be seen also in the older larval stages. The head of the females is rounded (BROOKS 1951). Habitat ��� Hungarian specimens of A. sardeus were captured in two totally different water bodies: (1) many specimens (adults and larvae) were captured in a sodic pond of an alkaline wetland dominated by Bolboschoenus maritimus stands. Normally the water of the pond is strongly salty, the conductivity of the water is around 4000 ��S/cm, the pH is around 9���10, and the transparency is only 2���3 cm (a ���white water sodic pond���). Due to the extremely rainy weather of the spring and summer of 2010, the alkaline character of the th water was not expressed markedly, at the time of the samplings (4 August 2010) the conductivity was 1050 ��S/cm and the pH was 8.4 only. Moreover besides Bolboschoenus maritimus, densely grown mixed stands of Lemna minor and Ceratophyllum demersum appeared in 2010. These plant species were not typical for this wetland in the previous years. Based on BROOKS (1951) the species can tolerate mixed, brackish and even marine water, so occurrences in alkaline inland waters are not surprising. (2) Only one male specimen was captured on the same day from an oxbow lake of River Tisza, approximately 20 km SE from the other locality. Chemical characteristics of the water are absolutely different; actually this is not an alkaline water body. Vegetation is composed of Nuphar lutea, Nymphea alba, Phragmites australis and smaller amount of Ceratophyllum demersum. The shoreline is emarginated by reed stands or agricultural fields and at some places trees and shrubs of Robinia pseudoacacia. Branches of the trees reached the water surface and submerged into the water; the captured specimen was collected among these branches., Published as part of N. So��s, A. Petri, Zs. Nagy-L��szl�� & Z. Csabai, 2010, Anisops sardeus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1849: first records from Hungary (Heteroptera: Notonectidae), pp. 15-18 in Folia Entomologica Hungarica 71 on pages 16-17, {"references":["BROOKS, G. T 1951: A revision of the genus Anisops (Notonectidae, Hemiptera). - The University of Kansas Science Bulletin (1): 301 - 519."]}