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A feasibility study for the development of an Indonesian innovative ocean operational system defined user requirements, facilitated the identification of gaps in marine research, and developed a strategy plan to build the system in the framework of a regional Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS), Global Monitoring for Environmental Security (GMES), and Global Earth Observation System of Systems.The Indonesian system would aim to capitalise on the national capability in oceanography for the provision of services in support to fisheries, environmental policies, business activities and the assessment of human activities on the marine environment. This paper describes the requirements, status and present needs in Indonesian marine research and how this research is aiming to prioritise an operational approach to ocean management in local politics.

A knowledge-based expert system model working on the basis of a geographical information system (GIS) was applied to predict fishing ground spots in the coastal waters of South and Central Sulawesi. The model is designed by the integration of multisource data to answer ‘what?’, ‘where?’, and ‘why?’ questions of the fishing ground location. Despite the fact that GIS is a powerful tool for dealing with the first two questions, GIS is inferior for answering the ‘why?’ question in geo-studies. One of the possible ways of overcoming the inferiority of GIS for answering the ‘why?’ question of geo-studies is by integrating an expert system in a GIS to form a knowledge-based expert system GIS model. In this study, we used a series of sea surface temperature (SST) satellite data, sea surface chlorophyll-a (SSC) and turbidity derived from MODIS Aqua in the period 2003–2005 as input data, to understand the temporal and seasonal variability of the marine environment of the study area, and identified the oceanographic...

In 2005 Indonesian and European institutes joined to start the first step for the implementation of an Ocean Operational System in the Indonesian archipelago. The system will support the decision making process for the sustainable use of marine resources, providing useful information and added value products as well as a service for an improved management of the sea with high business impact to targeted groups as public authorities and commercial operators (coastal managers, fishermen, shipping companies). In this paper the System is shortly described with its potential benefits and economic and social impacts.