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X-ray diffraction illustrates that a two-dimensional smectic liquid crystal is formed in a melting pro- cess of an anisotropic, incommensurate monolayer of n-propanol physisorbed on graphite. In this phase a hydrogen-bonded head-to-head association of molecules is arranged in rows with their long axes on average normal to the row. Parallel to the rows, there is only short-range translational order of the molecules