Pablo Castro de la Nuez, Ángela Magaz, Harijs Cernevskis, Arjan van der Tol, Kirill Komissarov, Maria Fernanda Slon Roblero, Edita Ziginskiene, Nino Kantaria, Manuela Savino, Jaakko Helve, Kyriakos Ioannou, Olivera Stojceva-Taneva, Kitty J Jager, Johan De Meester, Helena Rydell, Mai Ots-Rosenberg, Faical Jarraya, Myftar Barbullushi, Bjørn Odvar Eriksen, Rianne W de Jong, Cécile Couchoud, Axel Rahmel, Samira Bell, Lucile Mercadal, Eliezer Golan, Marc H Hemmelder, José Baltar, Anton M. Andrusev, Vianda S. Stel, Nurhan Seyahi, Anneke Kramer, Julia Kerschbaum, Liliana Gârneaţă, Ziad A. Massy, Kristine Hommel, Runolfur Palsson, Evgueniy Vazelov, Oscar Zurriaga, Raymond Vanholder, HUS Abdominal Center, Nefrologian yksikkö, Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Interne Geneeskunde, RS: Carim - V02 Hypertension and target organ damage, Agence de la biomédecine [Saint-Denis la Plaine], Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Service de néphrologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Recycled Materials Resource Center, RMRC Comunidad de Madrid Sociedad Española de Nefrología, SEN European Commission, EC: PP-01-2016 Universidade Paranaense, UNIPAR European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association, ERA-EDTA, The authors would like to thank the patients and staff of all the dialysis and transplant units who have contributed data via their national and regional renal registries to the European Renal Association?European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry. In addition, we would like to thank the persons and organizations listed in the paragraph ?AFFILIATED REGISTRIES? for their contribution to the work of the ERA-EDTA Registry. The authors are grateful to all nephrologists and kidney transplant surgeons who completed ?The Effect of Differing Kidney Disease Treatment Modalities and Organ Donation and Transplantation Practices on Health Expenditure and Patient Outcomes? Nephrologist survey. In addition, we would like to thank all colleagues who pretested the survey, provided advice about the ethical approval in their country, or helped to distribute the survey in their country or personal network. This study was funded by the European Union (grant PP-01-2016) and ERA-EDTA. Among others, we are grateful for support from Austria (R. Kramar and R. Oberbauer), Belarus, Belgium (F. Collart), Croatia (I. Bubic, M. Bu?i?, M. Dragovi?, and S. ?iv?i? ?osi?), Cyprus, Czech Republic (I. Rychlik and V. Tesa?), Denmark (J. Heaf and S. Schwartz S?rensen), Estonia, Finland (P. Finne and V. Rauta), Germany (M. Lingemann and C. Wanner), Greece (T. Apostolou, E. Dounousi, and G. Moustakas), Hungary (O. Deme, S. Mihaly, and G. Re?sz), Ireland (W. Plant), Italy (G. Brunori, C. Carella, P. di Ciaccio, and M. Postorino), Latvia (A. Petersons), Malta (J. Buttigieg), Moldova (A. Tanase), the Netherlands (F. van Ittersum and S. Logtenberg), North Macedonia (G. Spasovski), Norway (A. ?sberg, M. Dahl Solbu, and A. Varberg Reis?ter), Poland (S. Dudzicz and M. Nowicki), Romania (L. G?rnea?? and L. Tuta), Russia (H. Zakharova), Serbia (R. Naumovic), Slovakia (V. Spustova), Slovenia (J. Buturovic Ponikvar and D. Kovac), Spain (C. Alberich, J. Comas, M. del Pino y Pino, M. Ferrer Alamar, and B. Mahillo), Sweden (M. Evans), Switzerland (P. Amb?hl and U. Huynh-Do), Turkey (M. Arici), Ukraine (M. Kolesnyk), and United Kingdom (S. Fraser and G. Lipkin), and from the following organizations: EKITA (I. Bellini and R. Langer), ERA-EDTA (F. Trebelli), EuroPD (S. Davies), and Eurotransplant (P. Branger, M. van Meel, and U. Samuel). Affiliated registries. Albanian Renal Registry (M. Barbullushi, A. Idrizi, and E. Bolleku Likaj), Austrian Dialysis and Transplant Registry (OEDTR) (R. Kramar), Belarus Renal Registry (K.S. Komissarov, K.S. Kamisarau, and A.V. Kalachyk), Dutch-speaking Belgian Society of Nephrology (NBVN) (M. Couttenye, F. Schroven, and J. De Meester), French-speaking Belgian Society of Nephrology (GNFB) (J.M. des Grottes and F. Collart), Renal Registry Bosnia and Herzegovina (H. Resi?, Z. Stipancic, and N. Petkovic), Bulgaria (E.S. Vazelov and I. Velinova), Croatian Registry of renal replacement therapy (CRRRT) (I. Bubi? and M. Knotek), Cyprus Renal Registry (K. Ioannou and all of the renal units providing data), Czech Republic: Registry of Dialysis Patients (RDP) (I. Rychl?k, J. Potucek, and F. Lopot), Danish Nephrology Registry (DNS) (J.G. Heaf), Estonian Society of Nephrology (?. Pechter, K. Lilienthal, and M. Rosenberg), Finnish Registry for Kidney Diseases (P. Finne, A. Pylsy, and P.H. Groop), France: The Epidemiology and Information Network in Nephrology (REIN) (M. Lassalle and C. Couchoud), Georgian Renal Registry (N. Kantaria and Dialysis Nephrology and Transplantation Union of Georgia), Hellenic Renal Registry (N. Afentakis), Icelandic ESRD Registry (R. Palsson), Israel National Registry of Renal Replacement Therapy (R. Dichtiar, T. Shohat, and E. Golan), Italian Registry of Dialysis and Transplantation (RIDT) (A. Limido, M. Nordio, and M. Postorino), Latvian Renal Registry (H. Cernevskis, V. Kuzema, and A. Silda), Lithuanian Renal Registry (I.A. Bumblyte, V. Vainauskas, and E. ?iginskien?), Macedonian Renal Registry (M. Nedelkovska, N. Dimitriova, and O. Stojceva-Taneva), Norwegian Renal Registry (T. Leivestad, A.V. Reis?ter, and A. ?sberg), Polish Renal Registry (G. Korejwo, A. D?bska-?lizie?, and R. Gellert), Portuguese Renal Registry (F. Mac?rio and A. Ferreira), Romanian Renal Registry (RRR) (G. Mircescu, L. Garneata, and E. Podgoreanu), Russian Renal Registry (N. Tomilina, A. Andrusev, and H. Zakharova), Renal Registry in Serbia (N. Maksimovic, R. Naumovic, all of the Serbian renal units, and the Serbian Society of Nephrology), Slovakian Renal Registry (V. Spustov?, I. Lajdov?, and M. Karolyova), Spanish RRT National Registry at Organizaci?n Nacional de Trasplantes (ONT), Spanish Regional Registries, Spanish Society of Nephrology (SEN), and the regional registries of Andalusia Sistema de Informaci?n de la Coordinaci?n Auton?mica de Trasplantes de Andalucia (SICATA) (P. Castro de la Nuez [on behalf of all users of SICATA]), Aragon (F. Arribas Monz?n, J.M. Abad Diez, and J.I. Sanchez Miret), Asturias (R. Alonso de la Torre, J.R. Quir?s, and Registro de Enfermos Renales Cr?nicos de Asturias [RERCA] Working Group), Basque country (UNIPAR) (?. Magaz, J. Aranzabal, M. Rodrigo, and I. Moina), Cantabria (J.C. Ruiz San Mill?n, O. Garcia Ruiz, and C. Pi?era Haces), Castile and Le?n (M.A. Palencia Garc?a), Castile?La Mancha (G. Guti?rrez ?vila and I. Moreno Al?a), Catalonia (RMRC) (E. Arcos, J. Comas, and J. Tort), Extremadura (J.M. Ramos Aceitero and M.A. Garc?a Bazaga), Galicia (E. Bouzas-Caama?o), Community of Madrid (M.I. Aparicio de Madre), Renal Registry of the Region of Murcia (C. Santiuste de Pablos and I. Mar?n S?nchez), Navarre (M.F. Slon Roblero, J. Manrique Escola, and J. Arteaga Coloma), and the Valencian region (REMRENAL) (M. Ferrer Alamar, N. Fuster Camarena, and J. P?rez Penad?s), Swedish Renal Registry (SNR) (K.G. Pr?tz, M. Stendahl, M. Evans, S. Sch?n, T. Lundgren, and M. Segelmark), Swiss Dialysis Registry (P. Amb?hl and R. Winzeler), Dutch Renal Registry (RENINE) (L. Heuveling, S. Vogelaar, and M. Hemmelder), Tunisia, Sfax region (F. Jarraya and D. Zalila), Registry of the Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation in Turkey (TSNNR) (G. S?leymanlar, N. Seyahi, and K. Ate?), Ukrainian Renal Data System (URDS) (M. Kolesnyk, S. Nikolaenko, and O. Razvazhaieva), UK Renal Registry (UKRR) (all the staff of the UKRR and of the renal units submitting data), and Scottish Renal Registry (SRR) (all of the Scottish renal units). ERA-EDTA Registry committee members. C. Zoccali, Italy (ERA-EDTA President), Z.A. Massy, France (Chairman), F.J. Caskey, United Kingdom, C. Couchoud, France, M. Evans, Sweden, P. Finne, Finland, J.W. Groothoff, the Netherlands, J. Harambat, France, J.G. Heaf, Denmark, F. Jarraya, Tunisia, M. Nordio, Italy, and I. Rychlik, Czech Republic., Service de Néphrologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Medical Informatics, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Quality of Care, Graduate School, APH - Methodology, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, APH - Global Health, and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)