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Background: Ipomoea carnea Jacq is an ethnopharmacological drug and its leaves, roots and latex are used for various indications by traditional healers. But seeds are not used in the treatment as they are more toxic. As the herbal medicines are becoming endangered, ethnopharmacological drug can be used efficiently as they are available abundantly. But the toxicity should be reduced for safer use in the treatment. Aim: Seeds of Ipomoea carnea Jacq are studied in the present study to observe the macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical and phytochemical changes in seeds after detoxification in different media. Methods and Materials: Detoxification method described in Ayurveda was used. Ipomoea carnea seeds were subjected to boiling for three hours with Cow’s milk. The same procedure was followed for another sample separately with Cow urine, sour gruel, Triphala (Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula and Terminalia bellirica) decoction and Distilled water as media. One raw sample was kept for comparison. The transverse section of the raw seed was studied. Microscopy of powder, physicochemical and phytochemical analysis of all the six samples was conducted and the observations were compared among all the samples. Results: The toxic principle Swainsonine was estimated as 3% in all the samples at retention time 3 minutes. The numbers of peaks were reduced in all the treated samples except DWSIC in comparison with raw sample and 2-4 peaks are observed at retention time 1-3 minutes in all treated samples. A new phytoamine having concentration 12% was detected at retention time 17 minutes in all (crude and purified) samples. Conclusion: The morpho-anatomical characteristics of the seed remain same even after being treated with different liquid media. The changes observed in HPLC may be due to antagonist and antidotal action of media used for detoxification.

Our country has an excessive number of organisations, which deter individuals from donating since they are opaque and challenging to monitor. People frequently ponder whether giving to charitable organisations will affect their choice. Many non-profit organisations engage in unscrupulous business techniques to raise money. People's faith in charity has been shattered by these methods, which have also raised concerns about the reliability of charitable endeavours. Today's non-profit sector is highly concerned about transparency. By turning donations into digital assets and boosting trust in non-profit organisations, blockchain [1] and smart contracts [2] open up new opportunities for charitable giving. Now, donors can see the results of their donations, and charities can use crypto tokens [4] to encourage giving. In recent years, blockchain technology has become one of the most trending areas of technology. Specifically, distributed ledger technology has been used in the financial industry to create crypto currency and develop a new digital market sector. Despite this, blockchain with its immutability and transparency has a much wider range of potential applications. Blockchain technology has the ability to significantly alter the charity industry. Increased responsibility and confidence in charitable donations may result from blockchain's decentralised and transparent nature. The usage of blockchain in charity is examined in this research article along with its potential advantages, including greater accountability, increased efficiency, and increased transparency. The absence of regulations, technical complexity, and cost are some of the difficulties that must be overcome. The use of blockchain technology in philanthropy is significant and merits more research to ascertain how it may be most effectively incorporated into current systems to enhance the philanthropic sector.

Исследуется ограниченность оператора усреднения Харди между взвешенными гранд-пространствами Лебега с переменным показателем для невозрастающих функций. Библиография: 26 названий.

This study examined the lactulose-fortified low-calorie guava preserves. The results showed that sucrose, used as a sweetener in guava preserves, could be partially substituted by lactulose without significantly affecting the overall quality of the preserves. The physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and sensory evaluation of guava preserves with substitute lactulose were evaluated. The main aim of this study was to develop prebiotic guava preserves from two guava cultivars, namely, Safeda and Chittidar. The guava preserves without lactulose were used as control samples which contained 50% w/w sucrose of pulp, while lactulose-treated preserves replaced sucrose with 25%, 50%, and 75% w/w of lactulose. The finding showed that prebiotics did not significantly differ between control and treated samples. The range of ascorbic acid content of guava preserves was 98.2-102.6 mg/100g. Lactulose did not show a statistically significant effect on the level of ascorbic acid in guava preserves. The mineral content and antioxidant properties of guava preserves supplemented with lactulose were higher than those not supplemented with lactulose. The guava preserves with 50% lactulose were most accepted.

In this paper author tries to focus on the review on the K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) tied by one or more specific types of inter dependency, such as values, visions, ideas, financial exchange, friendship, conflict, or trade. Social network analysis views social relationships in terms of nodes and ties. It also focuses the network analysis, application as well as problem statement. In this paper presents a outline for the privacy hazard and sharing the anonymized data in the network. This includes a proposed architecture design flow, for which the author considers the several variations and make connections. On several real-world social networks, we show that simple anonymization techniques are inadequate, it results in considerable breaks of privacy for even modestly informed opponents. It also concentrates on a new anonymization technique. It based on the network and validate analytically that leads to saving of the privacy threat. It also analyses the effect that anonymizing the network has on the utility of the data for social network analysis.

Background: As a by-product derived from roller milling of wheat flour production, wheat bran has high dietary fiber content, which contains 44-50% of fiber and can be incorporated into food products to alter the nutritional quality of foods. Objective: In this research paper, the development of fiber-rich pasta with supplementation of wheat bran and analyzed by dietary fiber, total phenolic acid, free radical scavenging capacity, color value, overall acceptability and flavour Methods: In the present study, the methods used, i.e., TPC and FRAP content for antioxidant properties and dietary fiber determined by the enzyme-gravimetric method. Results: This study found that an increase in the bran ratio increased the percent of dietary fiber, total phenolic acid, and free radical scavenging capacity of pasta. , The percentage of wheat bran, can also affect the color value of pasta ,which reduced L* values while a* and b* values increased. The flavour and overall acceptability of the wheat bran enriched pasta increases at certain after that, it could decrease, and the flavour of the pasta was reduced with the increase of wheat bran. result: This study was found out that an increase in bran ratio increased the percent of dietary fiber, total Phenolic acid and free radical scavenging capacity of pasta. Percentage of wheat bran also affect the color value of pasta in which, reduced L values while a* and b* values increased. The flavor and over all acceptability of the wheat bran enriched pasta was increases at certain level after that, it could be decreases and flavor of pasta was reduced with increasing of wheat bran Conclusion: The functionality of wheat bran-enriched pasta has observed more high dietary fiber and health benefits. In the future, wheat bran-enriched pasta food products can be used in the prevention of chronic diseases like colon cancer, heart disease, diabetes, etc. other: Keywords- Wheat bran, Dietary fiber, Total Phenolic acid, Free radical scavenging capacity, Response surface methodology

The outlook for cloud computing is growing day by day. It is a developing field which is evolving and giving new ways to build, manage and process data. The most difficult task in cloud computing is to provide best quality parameters like maintaining deadline, minimizing make-span time, increasing utilization of resources etc. Therefore, dynamic scheduling of algorithm is needed by a service provider that executes the task within given time span while reducing make-span time.The proposed algorithm utilizes merits of max min, round robin, and min-min and tries to remove the demerits of them. The proposed algorithm has been simulated in cloud Sim by varying number of tasks and analysis has been made based on make-span, average utilization of resources and balancing of load. The results show that the proposed technique has better results as compared to heuristic techniques such as min-min, round robin and max-min.

Dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) plays a pivotal role in the development, degeneration, and regeneration of neurons. DLK can regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. The Drosophila DLK, Wallenda (Wnd), regulates the expression of Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) to control presynaptic arbor growth. This regulation is mediated by the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of Dscam mRNA, which suggests that RNA binding proteins (RBPs) mediate DLK function. We performed a genome-wide cell-based RNAi screen of RBPs and identified the cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding protein, pAbp, as an RBP that mediates Wnd-induced increase in Dscam expression. Genetic analysis shows that Wnd requires pAbp for promoting presynaptic arbor growth and for enhancing Dscam expression. Our analysis revealed that Dscam mRNAs harbor short poly(A) tails. We identified a region in Dscam 3′UTR that specifically interacts with pAbp. Removing this region significantly reduced Wnd-induced increase in Dscam expression. These suggest that a noncanonical interaction of PABP with the 3′UTR of target transcripts is essential for DLK functions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The kinase DLK plays key roles in a multitude of neuronal responses, including axon development, neurodegeneration, and nerve injury. Previous studies show that DLK acts via mRNAs to regulate protein synthesis, but how DLK does so is poorly understood. This study demonstrates that DLK regulates the synthesis of Dscam through the poly(A)-binding protein PABP-C. Whereas PABP-C is known as a general translational activator, our study shows that DLK-mediated Dscam expression involves a noncanonical interaction between PABP-C and the Dscam mRNA, which leads to a selective regulation of Dscam translation by PABP-C. Thus, our study provides novel insights into the mechanisms that underlie the function of DLK and regulation of gene expression of PABP-C.

With the advancement in technology, the approach to learning has also been modified. “Standardization” and “One-size-fits-all” has become an outdated concept. To adjust to the changing learning approaches, e-learning came into being, but this was not as per the knowledge and intelligence of users. This created a hurdle in the achievement of better learning and acquisition of skills. This calls for the provision of personalization in e-learning. Successful implementation of personalized e-learning in the present education system will lead to better and faster learning by adapting as per the preferences and knowledge of students. The core idea behind this research is to make an application using Android, which provides a personalized and adaptable route of e-learning using Ant Colony Optimization and recommendations from similar peers. This research will cater to the needs of many students, and it will help in decreasing the time taken to complete any subject or course. It will also help in attaining better and efficient learning as the learning route is determined as per the user. Also, the collection of records of every user will help in improving efficiency and accuracy in the determination of the learning path. The developed app aiming for adaptative e-learning can act as a promising solution during the Covid-19 scenario.

First report on POM based hybrid i.e. Anderson cluster based solid for OER in a basic medium. Increased efficiency via assembly with acetylene black. The composite shows an overpotential of 330 mV to achieve a current density of 100 mA cm−2 with a stability of 40 h.

Mesoporous Ag/Sn–SnO2 composite nanoparticles exhibits extraordinary inhibitory properties by targeting different proteins of bacteria and Candida species which can be used to eliminate the resistance of traditional antibiotics.

A rare POM cluster [NiW12O44]14− based solid was explored for OER. It acts as an efficient and highly sustained pre-catalyst in alkaline medium with an overpotential of 347 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and stability up to 96 h.

Carbon nitride-catalyzed photocatalytic strategies for the oxidation of alcohols, reduction of nitro compounds, coupling reactions, and synthesis of esters, phenols, and sulfoxides have been summarized.

Background: Wheat bran is an important by-product in the cereal industry. It is considered one of the amplest and most economically cheap sources of insoluble fiber and is rich in minerals and various bioactive compounds. Objective: In this research, the antioxidant, functional, and molecular properties of bran were screened in six different cultivars of wheat, viz. HUW-234, PBW-373, WH-1105, PBW-502, HD-2967, and PBW-343. Methods: In the present study, the methods, namely, DPPH, TPC, and FRAP, were used for the screening of antioxidant properties, bulk density, WAC and OAC for functional properties, and tannin, trypsin inhibitor and phytate for anti-nutritional properties. Results: Our results showed that in thermally processed wheat bran (Autoclaved, Hot air oven, Microwave, Toasting), the antioxidant activity increased in comparison to native wheat bran, whereas water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) compared to native bran. In addition, a significant reduction in the anti-nutritional factor was also observed. Moreover, FTIR in different wheat bran cultivars showed the presence of the C-H group, -CH stretch, -NH group, -OH group, phenols group, -C=O group, mostly aldehyde group, L-glucose, cyclodextrins, –C-OH bending vibrations, and halogen compound (C-Cl). Conclusion: The study showed differences in antioxidant and functional properties of bran obtained from different wheat cultivars. The thermal technique is a very useful treatment for increasing nutritional properties. Wheat bran utilization in daily life helps prevent many chronic diseases, such as colon cancer, constipation, heart disease, etc.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has been proven to be a successful treatment option for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in numerous randomized controlled trials. The majority of trials underrepresent patients aged 70 and above, and there is little contemporary data on regional trends and variation in mortality. Methods: This retrospective study using the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2019) seeks to identify any regional relationships between geriatric patients' in-hospital mortality after MT for AIS at urban facilities and trends in inpatient mortality. Regional Inpatient mortality based on sex and race and trends between 2016 and 2019 were assessed. Results: Our study group consisted of 52455 AIS-MT admissions (median 78 yrs, 57.1% male, 77.2% white, 89.6% Medicare enrollees) with a 14.1% inpatient mortality rate. Despite having a lower comparative burden of traditional CVD risk factors, the hospitals from the Northeast had a higher inpatient mortality rate (17.2%, n=1650) and risk (adjusted OR:1.25, 95% CI:1.03-1.51) than the other regions. Similar trends were observed in male (18.1%), females (16.6%), white (17.3%) and black (13.8%) participants (P(Fig. 1) . Conclusion: Among demographically comparable geriatric patients with AIS undergoing MT in the US, the Northeast region admissions showed the highest inpatient mortality even after controlling for confounding factors with a relatively lower burden of CVD risk factors. This disparity warrants further research to validate these findings.

Background: Depression has been identified as a risk factor for acute cerebrovascular events. Due to limited data focused on young females, we studied the burden and impact of comorbid depression on outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS)-related admissions in young women of the reproductive age group. Methods: We used the National Inpatient Sample (2018) to identify admissions of young females (age 18-44 years) with AIS; and further classified it into two demographically (age, race, payer status, income) matched (1:1) groups based on the presence of comorbid depression. Comorbidities and outcomes were compared using relevant ICD-10 codes. Multivariable regression was used to analyze the association of comorbid depression with in-hospital mortality. Results: In 15850 young females admitted with AIS in 2018, 2465 (15.6%) had comorbid depression. Post-matching, the study cohort consisted of 4610 women admitted with AIS (Median age: 37, 66.2% whites) and 2305 women in each cohort, with and without depression. The matched AIS-depression arm often had younger women (median 37 vs 39 years), patients from the lower-income quartile (47.3% vs. 34.5%), and higher rates of obesity, peripheral vascular disease, and prior history of stroke but a lower prevalence of CVD risk factors [Table 1]. The depression arm had a non-significant odd of all-cause mortality (OR 1.32, 95%CI:0.64-2.74) when adjusted for sociodemographic confounders and comorbid risk factors (p=0.452). The LOS was shorter (median 4 vs 5 days) with comparable hospital charges in the depression arm vs. no depression arm (p Conclusion: This study revealed a nearly 15% burden of depression in young females admitted for AIS without significant impact on all-cause mortality when controlled for confounders. The impact of depression on long-term AIS outcomes needs further evaluation.

Babies need temperatures that match the temperature in the mother's womb, which is between 35°C – 37°C. the latest research on infant warmer equipment uses the fuzzy method as a system for temperature control in infant warmers, The problem in previous research is that at each temperature setting, the temperature is not evenly distributed throughout the bed, when it reaches the setting temperature, the heater continues to turn on so that the bed gets hotter. The purpose of this research is to make an infant warmer equipped with digital scales, with temperature settings of 350C, 360C, and 370C using PID control to stabilize the temperature and ensure the spread of heat on the bed evenly, then the addition of skin temperature aims to make nurses know what the patient's body temperature is when observations were made. The infant warmer in this module uses an arduino microcontroller which is displayed in 7segment, then the skin sensor used is the DS18B20 temperature sensor to read the skin temperature, and the infant warmer temperature sensor used is LM35 as a PID control system. The results of the research in making the tool module were compared with the measurement results against the comparator. This research has obtained the results of the smallest error in the measurement of setting temperature of 350C with an error of 0%. For comparison with the incu analyzer, the smallest error is obtained at the setting temperature of 370C with an error value of 0% on the T5 measurement, the difference in skin temperature against the thermometer is 0.10C. The results showed that the temperature spread on the module had different error values. So that this research can be implemented on the PID control infant warmer system to improve performance on infant temperature stability.

In breast carcinomas, histomorphological features like low-grade and lobular differentiation are associated with estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression. Apocrine carcinoma is associated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity. Studies have not emphasized the association between other histological features like tubule formation, Indian file pattern and apocrine change (which may be found in all grades of tumors or as a part of a mixed pattern of no special type) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The study was designed to find the association between these morphological factors and ER, PR and HER2 status.The presence or absence of tubule formation, Indian file pattern and apocrine change was correlated with ER, PR and HER2 expression in core biopsies of 102 invasive breast carcinomas.Fisher exact test with median unbiased odds ratio was used.Tubule formation and/or Indian file pattern were significantly associated with ER in all tumors (P-value0.001), as well as separately for grade II, grade III, HER2-negative and HER2-positive tumors. Comparable results were obtained for their association with PR. Apocrine change was significantly associated with HER2 in all tumors (P-value0.001), as well as separately for grade III, ER-positive and ER-negative tumors.These histomorphological patterns are modest predictors of IHC status in breast carcinomas, even in tumors of higher grade. Knowledge of these morphological correlates of ER, PR and HER2 in breast cancer may serve as an aid in the quality management of breast carcinoma reporting.

Nitrogen use efficiency of urea fertilizer is very low for various crops and very large proportions of the fertilizer nitrogen are lost from the crop field through ammonium volatilization, nitrification and de-nitrification, and nitrate leaching. Therefore, to reduce nitrogen losses and the adverse effect of nitrogenous fertilizer on the environment a slow release of highly efficient polyurea microcapsule nitrogenous fertilizer is developed for prolonging release of nitrogen in soil. In this context, neem seed oil encapsulated polyurea microcapsule is developed by interfacial polymerization approach. Polyurea microcapsule contains 68.98% carbon, 11.31% hydrogen and 5.95% nitrogen. The mean particle size of the synthesized polyurea microcapsule was 2.137 µm. The synthesized 0.5 G, 0.0 G dendrimer and polyurea microcapsule were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Disappearance and appearance of peak at 2841.76 cm−1 and 1745.94 cm−1 confirmed the synthesis of 0.0 G PAMAM and amide bond formation in polyurea microcapsule, respectively. The stability of polyurea microcapsule was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. Results of incubation study showed that sustained release of NH4+–N and NO3−–N from polyurea microcapsule under field capacity as well as under submerged condition. Hence, polyurea microcapsule could be a suitable option in as a source of nitrogen for crops under field condition.

Botulism is a neuroparalytic disease caused by botulinum toxins type A-G. It has been listed as category ‘A’ biowarfare agent by CDC due to its extreme toxicity.. In the present study, we developed a simple method for the pro-duction and purification of recombinant toxin domain of BoNT type ‘A’ from Escherichia coli and established its application in BoNT detection. The BoNT/A LC gene was cloned in pET28b+ vector and expressed in E.coli. The recom-binant BoNT/A LC protein expression was achieved at 25°C with the induc-tion of 0.5mM IPTG at 16 h. The recombinant protein was purified under native conditions with more than 98% purity using simple affinity chroma-tography and confirmed by Mass spectrometry and Western blot analysis. Generated polyclonal antibodies and the toxin domain elicited a strong im-mune response in mice and rabbit. Optimized the Sandwich ELISA system resulted with the sensitivity of 7.5 ng/ml for the detection of BoNT/A. The limit of detection (LOD) in different food matrices were studied through spik-ing studies using rBoNT/A LC protein as antigen and achieved a detection limit ranging from7.5 ng/ml to 250 ng/ml. The developed method has the potential for the industrial production towards its application in detection, development of candidate vaccine molecule and production of neutralizing antibodies. Current study explored for detection of BoNT/A.

In the 21st century, humans are in battle against a deadly contagious disease COVID 19, first reported in Wuhan, China. Coronavirus Disease designated as COVID 19 is caused by SARS COV 2 virus from beta coronavirus family. Although, there are no specific anti-viral drugs and vaccines against this pandemic disease, however many medicines are being repurposed for COVID 19 management but have shown a limited success. Traditional medicine systems from ancient times were used for their immense efficacy with minimal adverse effects compared to allopathic medicines. Thus, for COVID 19 management, researchers are focused on traditional medicines from Ayurveda, Chinese medicine, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy as adjuvant therapy as per anecdotal data regarding their usage in the treatment of Infectious disease. In India, all the traditional medicine systems are under AYUSH ministry and government has been highlighting AYSUH medicines for improving immune system against COVID 19. In this review, the authors emphasize on historical background of AYUSH medicines in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and the medicines recommended by AYUSH ministry for combating against COVID 19 as immunity boosters.

In India, the restriction of genetically modified (GM) crops and derived products not approved in the country necessitates surveillance for transgene(s) in plant material/products imported into the country. CDC Triffid expressing acetolactate synthase (ALS) conferring tolerance to sulphonylurea herbicide is the only GM flax event that has got approval in Canada in 1990s and subsequently deregistered in 2001. In spite of deregistration, the unexpected and unauthorized detection of traces of GM flax in the consignments imported from Canada to Europe has further necessitated the stringent monitoring of flax shipments from Canada for suspected GM incidents. This study reports on the detection of transgenic elements being present in GM flax employing polymerase chain reaction assays, in a set of 123 flaxseed accessions imported from Canada for research purpose. Based on the tests conducted, none of the transgenic elements, namely, nos promoter (P-nos), nos terminator (T-nos), nptII marker gene, ALS transgene, as present in the GM flax CDC Triffid were detected in any of the tested accessions. The well-known herbicide tolerance gene cp4-epsps, being employed in Roundup® Ready events of other crops, was also not detected in these samples. This case study has demonstrated the importance of monitoring the presence of transgene(s) in flaxseed imports, and such studies need to be carried out for the imported seeds from the country where GM events of respective crop are being approved whereas they have not been approved in the country of import as a part of precautionary approach.

Polyoxometalates (POMs) are an eminent class of metal oxide anionic clusters of early transition metals with huge structural diversity. Herein, a [NiW