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This article discusses the methodological approach of a collaborative research project situated at the intersection of autism and cinema. The Autism through Cinema project stages an encounter between the titular terms in order to challenge the neurotypical assumptions that underpin cinema as an apparatus, and to mobilise new cinematic potentialities. Structured over a period of four years, the project undertakes a series of collaborations between different disciplines (Film Archaeology, Film Practice, History, Psychology, and Sociology) and between autistic and non-autistic thinkers and makers, as well as in partnership with institutions external to academia. Methodologically the motivation for the project is to reverse engineer research methods used historically in film history, film making and psychiatry to produce inversions of perception, power and classification, and furthermore to explore what kind of cinema is possible if it is reconfigured through autistic experience.

ObjectivesHuman leukocyte antigen-DP beta 1 (HLA-DPB1) with a glutamic acid at the 69th position of the ß chain (E69) genotype and inhalational beryllium exposure individually contribute to risk of chronic beryllium disease (CBD) and beryllium sensitisation (BeS) in exposed individuals. This retrospective nested case–control study assessed the contribution of genetics and exposure in the development of BeS and CBD.MethodsWorkers with BeS (n=444), CBD (n=449) and beryllium-exposed controls (n=890) were enrolled from studies conducted at nuclear weapons and primary beryllium manufacturing facilities. Lifetime-average beryllium exposure estimates were based on workers’ job questionnaires and historical and industrial hygienist exposure estimates, blinded to genotype and case status. Genotyping was performed using sequence-specific primer-PCR. Logistic regression models were developed allowing for over-dispersion, adjusting for workforce, race, sex and ethnicity.ResultsHaving no E69 alleles was associated with lower odds of both CBD and BeS; every additional E69 allele increased odds for CBD and BeS. Increasing exposure was associated with lower odds of BeS. CBD was not associated with exposure as compared to controls, yet the per cent of individuals with CBD versus BeS increased with increasing exposure. No evidence of a gene-by-exposure interaction was found for CBD or BeS.ConclusionsRisk of CBD increases with E69 allele frequency and increasing exposure, although no gene by environment interaction was found. A decreased risk of BeS with increasing exposure and lack of exposure response in CBD cases may be due to the limitations of reconstructed exposure estimates. Although reducing exposure may not prevent BeS, it may reduce CBD and the associated health effects, especially in those carrying E69 alleles.

Both high-fat diet (HFD) alone and high-fructose plus HFD (HFr/HFD) cause diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in murine models. However, the mechanisms underlying their impacts on inducing different levels of liver injury are yet to be elucidated. This study employed a proteomic approach to elucidate further on this issue. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were allocated to the HFD or the HFr/HFD group. After feeding for 12 weeks, all mice were euthanized and samples were collected. The proteomic profiles in liver tissues were analyzed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry followed by canonical pathway analysis. We demonstrated that the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway was the most significantly downregulated canonical pathway in the HFr/HFD group when compared with the HFD group. Within the OXPHOS pathway, the HFr/HFD group demonstrated significant downregulation of complexes I and III and significant upregulation of complex IV when compared with the HFD group. Moreover, the HFr/HFD group had lower protein levels of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunits S3, S6, A5, and A12 in complex I (p < 0.001, =0.03

Os bisfosfonatos são drogas sintéticas que atuam na inibição da reabsorção óssea, sendo amplamente utilizados no tratamento de pacientes que sofrem de osteoporose, neoplasias e doença de Paget. Entretanto, apesar dos benefícios associados ao tratamento com bisfosfonatos, esses medicamentos vêm sendo relacionados a osteonecrose dos maxilares. Diante disso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre a relação da osteonecrose dos maxilares como efeito advindo do uso constante dos bisfosfonatos. Consiste em uma revisão integrativa de 8 periódicos disponíveis integralmente online, publicado nos últimos 5 anos nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, buscados e indexados nas bases de dados BVS, bem como no portal PubMed e na revista PubSaúde. Quase todos os artigos publicados, desde 2003, concluem que os bisfosfonatos podem induzir essa condição clínica em seus usuários, relacionando a potência de dosagens dos medicamentos, o tempo de uso e a via de administração, onde grande parte dos casos são de pacientes que realizaram ou realizam tratamento oncológico. Assim, vale ressaltar a importância do conhecimento das possíveis complicações relacionadas com a utilização dos bisfosfonatos por parte dos médicos e dos cirurgiões dentistas para que os mesmos possam orientar aos pacientes sobre a prevenção que pode ser realizada durante, após ou até mesmo antes do início do tratamento.

Resumo: O planejamento cirúrgico em Odontologia consiste na realização de um estudo do caso de forma prévia antes da realização do ato, em que é percebido os sinais e sintomas que o paciente apresenta, elaborando o quadro clínico, juntamente com exames de imagem que auxiliem o diagnóstico do quadro patológico. Objetivo: objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o ato cirúrgico em terceiros molares em relação ao canal mandibular. Material e Métodos: A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada online, utilizando a ferramenta de busca Google Acadêmico e outras bases de dados eletrônicas, considerando estudos publicados dos anos 2014 a 2019. Revisão de literatura: caso exista indicação para a remoção via ato cirúrgico, é feito um planejamento dessa intervenção, através da clínica e dos exames de imagem que visam antecipar possíveis complicações e riscos durante o procedimento cirúrgico. Considerações finais: O domínio das técnicas cirúrgicas, a realização de uma anamnese completa, um planejamento minucioso, os cuidados durante o ato e o acompanhamento do paciente, constituem elementos imprescindíveis para a minimização de riscos e complicações durante a exodontia dos terceiros molares.

Somatostatin receptor is expressed in sarcoid granulomas, and preliminary clinical studies have shown that myocardial sarcoidosis can be identified on somatostatin receptor-targeted PET. We examined the potential clinical use ofEleven cardiac sarcoidosis patients withPatient-level concordance was 91%: ten patients had multifocal DOTATATE uptake (active cardiac sarcoidosis) and one patient showed diffuse DOTATATE uptake. Segment-level agreement was 77.1% (Kappa 0.53 ± 0.07). The SUVmax-to-blood pool ratio was lower onCompared to

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often experience fatigue. The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) is a valid tool for evaluating fatigue; however, its psychometric properties have not been examined in Indonesian-speaking patients with T2DM. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (IMFI-20) in patients with T2DM and investigated fatigue in a health-care setting. A cross-sectional design was adopted. Two hundred patients with T2DM were interviewed in clinics. Five self-structured measures were used to assess the frequency and duration of fatigue and the health-care utilization of patients with fatigue. Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation (ICC) were used to evaluate the internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the Indonesian version of the MFI-20 (IMFI-20). The criterion, convergent, and known-group validity of the IMFI-20 were also examined, and its underlying structure was determined using explanatory factor analysis. The STROBE checklist was used. The results revealed that approximately half of the patients experienced fatigue. Among those with fatigue, 62% reported that their fatigue was rarely or never treated by their physicians. The IMFI-20 exhibited satisfactory model fit, excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92), and test–retest ICC of 0.93. The IMFI-20 was significantly associated with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue, Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (r = 0.705, 0.670, and 0.581, respectively). The IMFI-20 exhibited known-group validity for unfavorable sleep quality and HbA1C ≥ 6.5%. Our findings suggest that patients with T2DM who experience fatigue are often overlooked by health-care providers, and that the IMFI-20, which exhibits excellent psychometric properties, can be adopted by studies that use fatigue as an endpoint in Indonesian-speaking populations.

Many people in the general population battle intense chronic pain daily and it disrupts their quality of life. Current OTC therapies provide mixed results and have profound limitations. However, the Hydroglide Body and Facial Lotion is a patent-pending product that delivers consistently positive outcomes. It’s a dual-fighting agent for dermatological issues and is useful for general body aches as well as for debilitating and excruciating pain.

A reabilitação imediata com implantes está imersa em diversas nuances que se torna um verdadeiro desafio clínico ao cirurgião-dentista, exigindo soluções simplificadas. O Plasma Rico em Fibrina (PRF) emerge como uma técnica avançada de enxerto que oferece ao paciente uma cicatrização mais célere e um pós-operatório melhor, uma alternativa natural e satisfatória, com resultados favoráveis e redução de riscos. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar, a partir de uma revisão de literatura, o uso do PRF com implante imediato. Como metodologia, buscou-se estudos da base de dados cientificos como Scielo, Lilacs e Medline, datados de 2014 a 2019. Foram utilizados os termos: Plasma Rico em Fibrina, Odontologia e Implantes dentários. O estudo do funcionamento dos implantes, bem como suas opções de instalação nos pacientes, mostra-se necessário visando os meios atuais que são facilitadores da reabilitação oral, a exemplo do uso do Plasma Rico em Fibrina como aliado na perda óssea.

This study tested the hypotheses that 1) changes in mid-treatment fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) parameters are predictive of overall survival (OS) and 2) mid-treatment FDG-PET-adapted treatment has the potential to improve survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients with stage I-III NSCLC requiring daily fractionated radiation were eligible. FDG-PET-CT scans were obtained prior to and mid-treatment with radiotherapy at 40-50 Gy. The normalized maximum standardized uptake value (NSUVmax), normalized mean SUV (NSUVmean), PET-metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and computed tomography-based gross tumor volume (CT-GTV) were consistently measured for all patients. The primary study endpoint was OS.The study is comprised of 102 patients who received 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, among whom 30 patients who received mid-treatment PET-adapted dose escalation radiotherapy. All PET-CT parameters decreased significantly (P 0.001) mid-treatment, with greater reductions in FDG-volumetric parameters compared to FDG-activity factors. Mid-treatment changes in MTV (P = 0.053) and TLG (P = 0.021) were associated with OS, while changes in NSUVmax, NSUVmean, and CT-GTV were not (all Ps0.1). Patients receiving conventional radiation (60-70 Gy) with MTV reductions greater than the mean had a median survival of 14 months, compared to those with MTV reductions less than the mean who had a median survival of 22 months. By contrast, patients receiving mid-treatment PET-adapted radiation with MTV reductions greater than the mean had a median survival of 33 months, compared to those with MTV reductions less than the mean who had a median survival of 19 months. Overall, PET-adapted treatment resulted in a 19% better 5-year survival than conventional radiation.Changes in mid-treatment PET-volumetric parameters were significantly associated with survival in NSCLC. A greater reduction in the mid-treatment MTV was associated with worse survival in patients treated with standard radiation, but with better survival in patients who received mid-treatment PET-adapted treatment.

Sarcoidosis and chronic beryllium disease (CBD) are phenocopies, however the latter one has a clear trigger factor that is beryllium exposure. This study analyses single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a large cohort for beryllium-exposed persons. SNPs were chosen for their relevance in sarcoidosis. Even though one of largest cohorts of beryllium-exposed persons was analysed, no statistically relevant association between any SNP and CBD could be verified. Notably, some SNPs exhibit inverse OR for beryllium sensitization and CBD with nominally statistical significance, which allows hypothesizing about pathophysiological role of genes for the disease triggering and development.

Additional file 10 Review history

Additional file 1 Supplementary Materials including detailed methods, tables, and figures

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress mediates the effects of obesity on aggravating sepsis-induced lung injury. We investigated whether exosomes from human placenta choriodecidual membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pcMSCs) can mitigate pulmonary ER stress, lung injury, and the mechanisms of inflammation, oxidation, and apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide-treated obese mice. Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice (adult male C57BL/6J mice fed with a 12-week high-fat diet) received lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg, i.p.; DIOLPS group) or lipopolysaccharide plus exosomes (1 × 108 particles/mouse, i.p.; DIOLPSExo group). Our data demonstrated lower levels of ER stress (upregulation of glucose-regulated protein 78, phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α, and C/EBP homologous protein; p = 0.038

A university without an academic library is unimaginable since the library serves as a pivot for both learning and research. Freeman (2005), while talking about the importance of a library in academic life, stated that it holds a unique position, symbolizing the heart of the institution. A good library is not only one that stacks printed material or has portals to access online resources but also provides a flexible learning space with reading rooms, facilitates discussion and encourages collaborative learning and scholarship. With limited resources, it is increasingly difficult for universities to allocate funds to re-design library spaces. Modern academic libraries have to respond not only to pedagogical changes but also to technological changes, accommodating them in the library space design and management. Modern libraries are trying to integrate features of the traditional form of learning as well as the digital form. This book will present case studies and empirical evidence discussing the changing face of libraries. It will talk about re-modeling of existing libraries with the help of new architectural design to utilize the space and inculcate the digital literacy development. Scholars discuss, in the chapters, how they meet users’ needs and how they use in stakeholders’ inputs to design innovative library spaces.

We are living in an electronic age, where everything that we want to know or are curious about is increasingly facilitated by the internet and search engines. Now, much of the world’s knowledge is at our fingertips. Students have unlimited access to information in the form of e-books, journals and other open sources. The value of a physical repository of knowledge is diminishing and the printing of material is becoming less compelling. It has been noted that college students spend as much time on the internet as they do while studying (Jones, 2002). The most pertinent question is whether the library is still considered an important source of information to students? Can we imagine a university without a library with just computers and a server room? The information highway is posing new challenges that the librarians have to deal with (Dunn, 2002; Rockman & Smith, 2002). In the past, gatekeepers like the librarian decided what a student should read, depending on their level of study and their comprehension power. The picture has altered and now students decide what exactly they should read with the click of their computers. Leaders in higher education institutions are skeptical as to how much they should actually invest in buying books, how many shelves to create to stack them and whether the collection of books is going to be an indicator of the academic quality of that institution. This book talks about a vital subject as to how much and in what ways a library can engage a student to create information literacy. Various interventions have been discussed as case studies in colleges and universities from Canada to India. Student-centered workshops have been designed along with university partnerships with a writing center as well as the role of a library as a source of socio-economic transformation in Africa. The experiences shared by the authors in this book will be a valuable resource for librarians across the world as they increase their collaborative efforts to promote the value of information literacy for students.

The extent of whether staging by fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (PET) impacts outcomes in American Veterans with stage I-III non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. We investigated impact of fluorodeoxyglucose PET staging and age-adjusted comorbidities (AACs) on management and survival of NSCLC in this group. We performed a retrospective review to identify with NSCLC who underwent initial PET scan and received care at the Ann Arbor Veterans Hospital between 2005 and 2010. Survival outcomes were estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods, quantile regressions, and Cox proportional hazards models, after accounting for age at diagnosis, sex, AAC, and initial treatment. The number of PET scans increased from 0 in 2005 to 66 in 2010. There were 170 men, 4 women, median age 64 years. Median AAC score was 4. In CS I (n=54), initial PET upstaged 5 patients. Median survival for no change in PET stage was 27.43 versus 67 months for upstaged patients (P=0.034). For CS II (n=15), initial PET scan upstaged 1 patient. Median survival for no change in PET stage was 16.53 versus 2.8 months for upstaged patient (P=0.335). For CS III (n=104), PET scan upstaged 20 patients. Median survival for no change in PET stage was 13.3 versus 3.8 months for upstaged patients (P=0.016). PET scans resulted in upstaging in 15% in CS I-III NSCLC. AAC scores dictated therapy decisions and outcomes more than PET staging. Veterans had lower 5-year survival rates (26.3%, 15.8%/13.4%) compared with 53% and 27% in age/sex/time-period matched SEER data for stage I-II/III NSCLC.

The etiology of sarcoidosis is unknown, but microbial agents are suspected as triggers.We sought to identify bacterial, fungal, or viral lineages in specimens from patients with sarcoidosis enriched relative to control subjects using metagenomic DNA sequencing. Because DNA from environmental contamination contributes disproportionately to samples with low authentic microbial content, we developed improved methods for filtering environmental contamination.We analyzed specimens from subjects with sarcoidosis (n = 93), control subjects without sarcoidosis (n = 72), and various environmental controls (n = 150). Sarcoidosis specimens consisted of two independent sets of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph node biopsies, BAL, Kveim reagent, and fresh granulomatous spleen from a patient with sarcoidosis. All specimens were analyzed by bacterial 16S and fungal internal transcribed spacer ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. In addition, BAL was analyzed by shotgun sequencing of fractions enriched for viral particles, and Kveim and spleen were subjected to whole-genome shotgun sequencing.In one tissue set, fungi in the Cladosporiaceae family were enriched in sarcoidosis compared with nonsarcoidosis tissues; in the other tissue set, we detected enrichment of several bacterial lineages in sarcoidosis but not Cladosporiaceae. BAL showed limited enrichment of Aspergillus fungi. Several microbial lineages were detected in Kveim and spleen, including Cladosporium. No microbial lineage was enriched in more than one sample type after correction for multiple comparisons.Metagenomic sequencing revealed enrichment of microbes in single types of sarcoidosis samples but limited concordance across sample types. Statistical analysis accounting for environmental contamination was essential to avoiding false positives.

A exodontia do terceiro molar é uma prática odontológica com risco potencial de provocar complicações. Diante disso, é necessario que seja realizado um planejamento adequado para prevenir os acidentes transoperatórios e complicações pós-operatórias, visto que embora as cirurgias sejam programadas e executadas por profissionais especializados e capacitados, elas não são isentas de complicações. Foram selecionados 19 estudos indexados nas bases de dados BVS, Lilacsm Scielo e Pubmed. A seleção dos artigos ocorreram de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A leitura na íntegra dos trabalhos fundamentou a escrita da revisão. Diante do exposto, a exérese do terceiro molar implica em complicações como alveolite, hemrragias, lesões nervosas e fraturas. Apesar de bem descritas na literatura, felizmente, elas não são rotineiras, mas existem, Portanto, infere-se a importância do conhecimento e do domínio sobre o tema, tanto para a atuação na prevenção quanto para o manejo frente à situação.

One of the limitations that make the treatment of implants impossible is the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. There are different types of graft materials available to the dental surgeon, whether synthetic or natural, which aim to enable vertical bone increase and enable the placement of implants in the region through the elevation of the maxillary sinus. The objective of this work was to identify, through a literature review, histological characteristics, bone behavior and tomographic analyzes in a comparative way between autogenous grafts and Beta tricalcium phosphate associated with hydroxypatite in the treatment of maxillary sinus lifting. this is a literary review that has as database: Scielo, Lilacs and Pubmed through the descriptors: “bone graft”; “biomaterials”; “Maxillary sinus”. Articles published between 2010 and 2021, in the languages: Portuguese, English and Spanish, were included. The following were excluded: monographs, letters to the editor and editorials. Autogenous grafting is still the best option today, even though the biomaterial studied has been successful in the present literature. It is suggested a greater deepening on the use of Beta tricalcium phosphate associated with hydroxypatite in the treatment of maxillary sinus lifting, since there is promising evidence that this can be a strong replacement for autogenous grafting.

Purpose Blood glucose is routinely measured prior to 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) administration in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to identify hyperglycemia that may affect image quality. In this study we explore the effects of blood glucose levels upon semi-quantitative standardized uptake value (SUV) measurements of target organs and tissues of interest and in particular address the relationship of blood glucose to FDG accumulation in the brain and liver.

Adrenal lesions are routinely encountered incidentally in clinical practice. Although most of these lesions are benign, malignancy needs to be excluded. Therefore, the initial clinical workup is to exclude aggressive characteristics suggesting malignancy and to identify characteristics predictive of the most common benign lesion, an adrenal adenoma. Predicting a benign adenoma using a variety of imaging modalities has been widely studied using unenhanced computed tomography (CT), contrast enhanced CT, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. This review article describes the currently used imaging protocols and clinical interpretation criteria of common adrenal lesions. An adenoma can be predicted if a homogenous soft tissue adrenal mass demonstrates low attenuation (upper threshold value of 10 Hounsfield Units) on unenhanced CT, demonstrates an absolute enhancement washout of ≥ 60% and/or relative enhancement washout of ≥ 40% on adrenal washout contrast enhanced CT, or demonstrates signal loss in opposed-phased MR imaging. If an adrenal adenoma cannot be predicted based upon these criteria, the lesion should be evaluated for other imaging characteristics that suggest a specific pathology, such as an adrenal cyst or myelolipoma. Although nonspecific and with limitations, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has a potential role for differentiating benign from malignant lesions based upon the amount of radiopharmaceutical uptake with malignant lesions generally having greater uptake. If clinical and/or hormonal screening suggests a pheochromocytoma, consideration can be given to 18F-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) or 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) in addition to CT and MR. Finally, this review proposes a diagnostic work-up strategy for routine use in clinical practice.

This chapter describes four new leadership areas in the development of faculty learning community programs and provides perspectives and resources that these leaders can use to engage their work.

Sites of infection and inflammation can be misleading in oncology PET/CT imaging because these areas commonly show 18F-FDG activity. Caution in the interpretation must be taken to avoid the misdiagnosis of malignancy. Utilization of both CT findings as well as patient history can help differentiate benign infectious and inflammatory processes from malignancy, although occasionally additional work-up may be required. This article discusses the mechanism of 18F-FDG uptake in infection and inflammation with illustrative examples.