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Sample size calculations for a cross-over trial [25, 26]. (DOCX 113 kb)

Participant feedback provided with respect to each diet. (DOCX 13 kb)

Participant feedback provided with respect to each diet. (DOCX 13 kb)

Representative menu plans for the Western and prudent diets. (DOCX 62 kb)

Representative menu plans for the Western and prudent diets. (DOCX 62 kb)

Research statement: To investigate the age specific blood pressure change in South Asian children from childhood to adolescence over a six year period and to determine whether this change of blood pressure varies by baseline characteristics. Rationale: Children exhibit age related incremental changes in blood pressure from birth onwards which reach adult levels during late adolescence. The best way to measure age-related changes in blood pressure from childhood to adolescence is through prospective longitudinal studies. Objectives: to investigate the changes in blood pressure among South Asian children aged 6 to 11 years who were followed for a period of six years. Methods: Blood pressure and anthropometric data were collected from 703 children who were 5 to 11 years of age in 2005 and were re-examined after six years (age range of 11 to 17 years in 2011). Average difference between baseline and follow-up blood pressure measurements was evaluated using the paired t-test. A linear regression model with follow up blood pressure and blood pressure change as outcomes and sex, weight, and height as regressors were fitted to assess whether these predictor variables were associated with the dependent variables. Summary of results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases from childhood to adolescence. Baseline blood pressure appears to be the strongest predictor of follow up blood pressure. Change in body mass index influences blood pressure more than baseline body mass index. Boys showed higher levels of change in systolic blood pressure compared to girls. Age showed an interaction with sex for change in systolic blood pressure. Boys exhibited higher change in systolic blood pressure than girls in older age groups compared to younger age groups. Potential implications: The study findings will increase awareness about high blood pressure in children and lead to preventive strategies to contain the burden of hypertension in future. Master of Science (MSc)