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1. LIFE: Life Investigation For EnceladusA Sample Return Mission Concept in Search for Evidence of Life

Author

Tsou, Peter, Brownlee, Donald E., McKay, Christopher P., Anbar, Ariel D., Altwegg, Kathrin, Beegle, Luther W., Dissly, Richard, Strange, Nathan J., Kanik, Isik, and Yano, Hajime

Subjects
Life Investigation For Enceladus, Outer planets, Extraterrestrial Environment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Liquid water, United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Planets, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, Sample return mission, Abiogenesis, Exobiology, 0103 physical sciences, Enceladus, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atmosphere, Water, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), United States, 3. Good health, Plume, Space and Planetary Science, Gases, Water ice, Geology
Abstract

Accepted: 2012-04-28, 資料番号: SA1004439000

Published
2012
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2. Isotope ratios of H, C, and O in CO₂ and H₂O of the martian atmosphere

Author

Webster, Chris R, Mahaffy, Paul R, Flesch, Gregory J, Niles, Paul B, Jones, John H, Leshin, Laurie A, Atreya, Sushil K, Stern, Jennifer C, Christensen, Lance E, Owen, Tobias, Franz, Heather, Pepin, Robert O, Steele, Andrew and the MSL Science Team, Achilles, Cherie, Agard, Christophe, Alves Verdasca, José Alexandre, Anderson, Robert, Anderson, Ryan, Archer, Doug, Armiens-Aparicio, Carlos, Arvidson, Ray, Atlaskin, Evgeny, Aubrey, Andrew, Baker, Burt, Baker, Michael, Balic-Zunic, Tonci, Baratoux, David, Baroukh, Julien, Barraclough, Bruce, Bean, Keri, Beegle, Luther, Behar, Alberto, Bell, James, Bender, Steve, Benna, Mehdi, Bentz, Jennifer, Berger, Gilles, Berger, Jeff, Berman, Daniel, Bish, David, Blake, David F, Blanco Avalos, Juan J, Blaney, Diana, Blank, Jen, Blau, Hannah, Bleacher, Lora, Boehm, Eckart, Botta, Oliver, Böttcher, Stephan, Boucher, Thomas, Bower, Hannah, Boyd, Nick, Boynton, Bill, Breves, Elly, Bridges, John, Bridges, Nathan, Brinckerhoff, William, Brinza, David, Bristow, Thomas, Brunet, Claude, Brunner, Anna, Brunner, Will, Buch, Arnaud, Bullock, Mark, Burmeister, Sönke, Cabane, Michel, Calef, Fred, Cameron, James, Campbell, John, Cantor, Bruce, Caplinger, Michael, Caride Rodríguez, Javier, Carmosino, Marco, Carrasco Blázquez, Isaías, Charpentier, Antoine, Chipera, Steve, Choi, David, Clark, Benton, Clegg, Sam, Cleghorn, Timothy, Cloutis, Ed, Cody, George, Coll, Patrice, Conrad, Pamela, Coscia, David, Cousin, Agnès, Cremers, David, Crisp, Joy, Cros, Alain, Cucinotta, Frank, d'Uston, Claude, Davis, Scott, Day, Mackenzie, de la Torre Juarez, Manuel, DeFlores, Lauren, DeLapp, Dorothea, DeMarines, Julia, DesMarais, David, Dietrich, William, Dingler, Robert, Donny, Christophe, Downs, Bob, Drake, Darrell, Dromart, Gilles, Dupont, Audrey, Duston, Brian, Dworkin, Jason, Dyar, M Darby, Edgar, Lauren, Edgett, Kenneth, Edwards, Christopher, Edwards, Laurence, Ehlmann, Bethany, Ehresmann, Bent, Eigenbrode, Jen, Elliott, Beverley, Elliott, Harvey, Ewing, Ryan, Fabre, Cécile, Fairén, Alberto, Farley, Ken, Farmer, Jack, Fassett, Caleb, Favot, Laurent, Fay, Donald, Fedosov, Fedor, Feldman, Jason, Feldman, Sabrina, Fisk, Marty, Fitzgibbon, Mike, Floyd, Melissa, Flückiger, Lorenzo, Forni, Olivier, Fraeman, Abby, Francis, Raymond, François, Pascaline, Freissinet, Caroline, French, Katherine Louise, Frydenvang, Jens, Gaboriaud, Alain, Gailhanou, Marc, Garvin, James, Gasnault, Olivier, Geffroy, Claude, Gellert, Ralf, Genzer, Maria, Glavin, Daniel, Godber, Austin, Goesmann, Fred, Goetz, Walter, Golovin, Dmitry, Gómez Gómez, Felipe, Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Gondet, Brigitte, Gordon, Suzanne, Gorevan, Stephen, Grant, John, Griffes, Jennifer, Grinspoon, David, Grotzinger, John, Guillemot, Philippe, Guo, Jingnan, Gupta, Sanjeev, Guzewich, Scott, Haberle, Robert, Halleaux, Douglas, Hallet, Bernard, Hamilton, Vicky, Hardgrove, Craig, Harker, David, Harpold, Daniel, Harri, Ari-Matti, Harshman, Karl, Hassler, Donald, Haukka, Harri, Hayes, Alex, Herkenhoff, Ken, Herrera, Paul, Hettrich, Sebastian, Heydari, Ezat, Hipkin, Victoria, Hoehler, Tori, Hollingsworth, Jeff, Hudgins, Judy, Huntress, Wesley, Hurowitz, Joel, Hviid, Stubbe, Iagnemma, Karl, Indyk, Steve, Israël, Guy, Jackson, Ryan, Jacob, Samantha, Jakosky, Bruce, Jensen, Elsa, Jensen, Jaqueline Kløvgaard, Johnson, Jeffrey, Johnson, Micah, Johnstone, Steve, Jones, Andrea, Joseph, Jonathan, Jun, Insoo, Kah, Linda, Kahanpää, Henrik, Kahre, Melinda, Karpushkina, Natalya, Kasprzak, Wayne, Kauhanen, Janne, Keely, Leslie, Kemppinen, Osku, Keymeulen, Didier, Kim, Myung-Hee, Kinch, Kjartan, King, Penny, Kirkland, Laurel, Kocurek, Gary, Koefoed, Asmus, Köhler, Jan, Kortmann, Onno, Kozyrev, Alexander, Krezoski, Jill, Krysak, Daniel, Kuzmin, Ruslan, Lacour, Jean Luc, Lafaille, Vivian, Langevin, Yves, Lanza, Nina, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Lee, Ella Mae, Lee, Qiu-Mei, Lees, David, Lefavor, Matthew, Lemmon, Mark, Lepinette Malvitte, Alain, Léveillé, Richard, Lewin-Carpintier, Éric, Lewis, Kevin, Li, Shuai, Lipkaman, Leslie, Little, Cynthia, Litvak, Maxim, Lorigny, Eric, Lugmair, Guenter, Lundberg, Angela, Lyness, Eric, Madsen, Morten, Maki, Justin, Malakhov, Alexey, Malespin, Charles, Malin, Michael, Mangold, Nicolas, Manhes, Gérard, Manning, Heidi, Marchand, Geneviève, Marín Jiménez, Mercedes, Martín García, César, Martin, Dave, Martin, Mildred, Martínez-Frías, Jesús, Martín-Soler, Javier, Martín-Torres, F Javier, Mauchien, Patrick, Maurice, Sylvestre, McAdam, Amy, McCartney, Elaina, McConnochie, Timothy, McCullough, Emily, McEwan, Ian, McKay, Christopher, McLennan, Scott, McNair, Sean, Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Meyer, Michael, Mezzacappa, Alissa, Miller, Hayden, Miller, Kristen, Milliken, Ralph, Ming, Douglas, Minitti, Michelle, Mischna, Michael, Mitrofanov, Igor, Moersch, Jeff, Mokrousov, Maxim, Molina Jurado, Antonio, Moores, John, Mora-Sotomayor, Luis, Morookian, John Michael, Morris, Richard, Morrison, Shaunna, Mueller-Mellin, Reinhold, Muller, Jan-Peter, Muñoz Caro, Guillermo, Nachon, Marion, Navarro López, Sara, Navarro-González, Rafael, Nealson, Kenneth, Nefian, Ara, Nelson, Tony, Newcombe, Megan, Newman, Claire, Newsom, Horton, Nikiforov, Sergey, Nixon, Brian, Noe Dobrea, Eldar, Nolan, Thomas, Oehler, Dorothy, Ollila, Ann, Olson, Timothy, de Pablo Hernández, Miguel Ángel, Paillet, Alexis, Pallier, Etienne, Palucis, Marisa, Parker, Timothy, Parot, Yann, Patel, Kiran, Paton, Mark, Paulsen, Gale, Pavlov, Alex, Pavri, Betina, Peinado-González, Verónica, Peret, Laurent, Perez, Rene, Perrett, Glynis, Peterson, Joe, Pilorget, Cedric, Pinet, Patrick, Pla-García, Jorge, Plante, Ianik, Poitrasson, Franck, Polkko, Jouni, Popa, Radu, Posiolova, Liliya, Posner, Arik, Pradler, Irina, Prats, Benito, Prokhorov, Vasily, Purdy, Sharon Wilson, Raaen, Eric, Radziemski, Leon, Rafkin, Scot, Ramos, Miguel, Rampe, Elizabeth, Raulin, François, Ravine, Michael, Reitz, Günther, Rennó, Nilton, Rice, Melissa, Richardson, Mark, Robert, François, Robertson, Kevin, Rodriguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Romeral-Planelló, Julio J, Rowland, Scott, Rubin, David, Saccoccio, Muriel, Salamon, Andrew, Sandoval, Jennifer, Sanin, Anton, Sans Fuentes, Sara Alejandra, Saper, Lee, Sarrazin, Philippe, Sautter, Violaine, Savijärvi, Hannu, Schieber, Juergen, Schmidt, Mariek, Schmidt, Walter, Scholes, Daniel, Schoppers, Marcel, Schröder, Susanne, Schwenzer, Susanne, Sebastian Martinez, Eduardo, Sengstacken, Aaron, Shterts, Ruslan, Siebach, Kirsten, Siili, Tero, Simmonds, Jeff, Sirven, Jean-Baptiste, Slavney, Susie, Sletten, Ronald, Smith, Michael, Sobrón Sánchez, Pablo, Spanovich, Nicole, Spray, John, Squyres, Steven, Stack, Katie, Stalport, Fabien, Stein, Thomas, Stewart, Noel, Stipp, Susan Louise Svane, Stoiber, Kevin, Stolper, Ed, Sucharski, Bob, Sullivan, Rob, Summons, Roger, Sumner, Dawn, Sun, Vivian, Supulver, Kimberley, Sutter, Brad, Szopa, Cyril, Tan, Florence, Tate, Christopher, Teinturier, Samuel, ten Kate, Inge, Thomas, Peter, Thompson, Lucy, Tokar, Robert, Toplis, Mike, Torres Redondo, Josefina, Trainer, Melissa, Treiman, Allan, Tretyakov, Vladislav, Urqui-O'Callaghan, Roser, Van Beek, Jason, Van Beek, Tessa, VanBommel, Scott, Vaniman, David, Varenikov, Alexey, Vasavada, Ashwin, Vasconcelos, Paulo, Vicenzi, Edward, Vostrukhin, Andrey, Voytek, Mary, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Ward, Jennifer, Weigle, Eddie, Wellington, Danika, Westall, Frances, Wiens, Roger Craig, Wilhelm, Mary Beth, Williams, Amy, Williams, Joshua, Williams, Rebecca, Williams, Richard B, Wilson, Mike, Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert, Wolff, Mike, Wong, Mike, Wray, James, Wu, Megan, Yana, Charles, Yen, Albert, Yingst, Aileen, Zeitlin, Cary, Zimdar, Robert, and Zorzano Mier, María-Paz

Subjects
isotope ratios, MSL-Radiation, Mars
Published
2013

4. Comparative analysis of the microbial communities inhabiting halite evaporites of the Atacama Desert

Author

Ríos, Asunción de los, Valea, Sergio, Ascaso, Carmen, Dávila, Alfonso F., Kastovsky, Jan, McKay, Christopher P., and Wierzchos, Jacek

Subjects
Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Archaea, Halite evaporites, Prokaryotic diversity, Atacama Desert
Abstract

11 pages, figures, and tables statistics., Molecular biology and microscopy techniques were used to characterize the microbial communities inside halide evaporites from different parts of th Atacama Desert. Denaturing gradient fel eletrophoresis (DGGE) analysis revealed that the evaporite rocks harbor communities predominantly made up of cyanobacteria, along with heterotrophic bacteria an archae...

Published
2010

5. Facilitation of endolithic microbial survival in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert by mineral deliquescence

Author

Dávila, Alfonso F., Gómez-Silva, Benito, Ascaso, Carmen, Olivares, Hector, McKay, Christopher P., and Wierzchos, Jacek

Subjects
Monitoring, Heterotrophic bacteria, Niche, Atacama, Endolithic, Halite crusts
Abstract

9 páginas, una tabla y 5 figuras., The hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert is considered the dry limit for life on Earth. Soils in this region have very low abundance of heterotrophic bacteria and are practically barren of photosynthetic microorganisms because of the extreme dry conditions (75%, which corresponds to the deliquescence point of halite. We have estimated a total of 57 deliquescence events (i.e., water condensation) within the halite crusts, as opposed to only 1 liquid water event outside. These wet events resulted in a total of 213.8 h of potential photosynthetic activity for the endolithic microorganisms versus only 6 h for organisms outside the halite crusts. Halite crusts may therefore represent the last available niche for photosynthetic activity in extreme arid environments on Earth., Acknowledgments. A.F.D. wishes to thank the NASA Post- Doctoral Program and the Oak Ridge Associated Universities for financial support. This work was also supported by grants CGL2007-62875/BOS and CGL2006-04658 from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and grant PROIM 1337-1 from the Instituto del Desierto, Universidad de Antofagasta. We would also like to thank the Spaceward Bound NASA program for logistic aid during the June 2006 expedition to the Atacama Desert and two anonymous referees for their valuable comments and suggestions.

Published
2008

6. Carbon Monoxide Generation in a Compartment With a Doorway During a Fire

Author

McKay, Christopher A., Mechanical Engineering, Vandsburger, Uri, Lattimer, Brian Y., and Saito, Kozo

Subjects
doorway flow, building fire, heat flux, carbon monoxide
Abstract

The study of the products of combustion continues to have real-world relevance since the primary cause of death in building fires is smoke inhalation, with the majority of deaths from carbon monoxide, CO, poisoning. An experimental study was conducted to examine upper-layer structure plus provide an initial characterization of a new compartment with a doorway. An additional study of the relationship between heat flux from external burning in a hallway and levels of carbon monoxide is also reported. Tests were conducted in a new ½ scale ISO compartment with a fully scaled doorway, using n-hexane pool fires within the center of the compartment. Upper-layer sampling at eight locations in the compartment has shown that the compartment upper-layer is relatively uniform in species mole fractions, yields, and temperature. Sampling in the front upper-layer of the compartment was performed for a series of experiments where the equivalence ratio was varied. Temperatures, species mole fractions, species yields, and doorway flows were found to have definite trends, which agreed with previous studies. The heat flux study utilized a reduced scale compartment with a separate inlet and an exit vent, which connected into the side of an attached hallway, forming an L-shape. For two cases of a deep and shallow hallway upper-layer a direct relationship between flames in the upper-layer and total heat flux was measured. High heat flux was found to only denote those areas were flames are present and is not related to the levels of CO present or oxidized in the hallway. Master of Science

Published
2002

7. GEOC 4-Physical and thermodynamical evidence for liquid water on Mars

Author

Renno, Nilton O., Bos, Brent J., Catling, David, Clark, Benton C., Drube, Line, Fisher, David, Goetz, Walter, Hviid, Stubbe F., Keller, Horst Uwe, Kok, Jasper F., Kounaves, Samuel P., Leer, Kristoffer, Lemmon, Mark, Madsen, Morten Bo, Markiewicz, Wojciech J., Marshall, John, Mckay, Christopher, Mehta, Manish, Smith, Miles, María-Paz Zorzano, Smith, Peter H., Stoker, Carol, and Young, Suzanne M. M.

8. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 9 Domain (ADAM9) Is a Major Susceptibility Factor in the Early Stages of Encephalomyocarditis Virus Infection

Author

Bazzone, Lindsey, King, Michael, McKay, Christopher, Pyae Kyawe, Meraner, Paul, Lindstrom, Daniel, Rojas-Quintero, Joselyn, Owen, Caroline A., Wang, Jennifer P., Brass, Abraham L., Kurt-Jones, Evelyn A., and Finberg, Robert W.

Subjects
60502 Infectious Agents, 110704 Cellular Immunology, viruses, FOS: Clinical medicine, FOS: Biological sciences, 60405 Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches), 60307 Host-Parasite Interactions, Immunology, 110707 Innate Immunity, FOS: Health sciences, Microbiology, 110804 Medical Virology, 3. Good health
Abstract

Viral myocarditis is a leading cause of death in the United States, contributing to numerous unexplained deaths in people 35 years old. Enteroviruses contribute to many cases of human myocarditis. Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infection causes viral myocarditis in rodent models, but its receptor requirements have not been fully identified. CRISPR-Cas9 screens can identify host dependency factors essential for EMCV infection and enhance our understanding of key events that follow viral infection, potentially leading to new strategies for preventing viral myocarditis. Using a CRISPR-Cas9 screen, we identified a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 9 domain (ADAM9) as a major factor required for the early stages of EMCV infection in both human and murine infection.

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