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The reactions of hydrated lanthanide(III) [Ln(III)] nitrates and salicylideneaniline (salanH) have provided access to two families of mononuclear complexes depending on the reaction solvent used. In MeCN, the products are [Ln(NO3)3(salanH)2(H2O)]·MeCN, and, in MeOH, the products are [Ln(NO3)3(salanH)2(MeOH)]·(salanH). The complexes within each family are proven to be isomorphous. The structures of complexes [Ln(NO3)3(salanH)2(H2O)]·MeCN (Ln = Eu, 4·MeCN_Eu, Ln = Dy, 7·MeCN_Dy; Ln = Yb, 10·MeCN_Yb) and [Ln(NO3)3(salanH)2(MeOH)]·(salanH) (Ln = Tb, 17_Tb; Ln = Dy, 18_Dy) have been solved by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. In the five complexes, the LnIII center is bound to six oxygen atoms from the three bidentate chelating nitrato groups, two oxygen atoms from the two monodentate zwitterionic salanH ligands, and one oxygen atom from the coordinated H2O or MeOH group. The salanH ligands are mutually “cis” in 4·MeCN_Eu, 7·MeCN_Dy and 10·MeCN_Yb while they are “trans” in 17_Tb and 18_Dy. The lattice salanH molecule in 17_Tb and 18_Dy is also in its zwitterionic form with the acidic H atom being clearly located on the imine nitrogen atom. The coordination polyhedra defined by the nine oxygen donor atoms can be described as spherical tricapped trigonal prisms in 4·MeCN_Eu, 7·MeCN_Dy, and 10·MeCN_Yb and as spherical capped square antiprisms in 17_Tb and 18_Dy. Various intermolecular interactions build the crystal structures, which are completely different in the members of the two families. Solid-state IR data of the complexes are discussed in terms of their structural features. 1H NMR data for the diamagnetic Y(III) complexes provide strong evidence that the compounds decompose in DMSO by releasing the coordinated salanH ligands. The solid complexes emit greenlight upon excitation at 360 nm (room temperature) or 405 nm (room temperature). The emission is ligand-based. The solid Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Er(III), and Yb(III) complexes of both families exhibit LnIII-centered emission in the near-IR region of the electromagnetic spectrum, but there is probably no efficient salanH→LnIII energy transfer responsible for this emission. Detailed magnetic studies reveal that complexes 7·MeCN_Dy, 17_Tb and 18_Dy show field-induced slow magnetic relaxation while complex [Tb(NO3)3(salanH)2(H2O)]·MeCN (6·MeCN_Tb) does not display such properties. The values of the effective energy barrier for magnetization reversal are 13.1 cm−1 for 7·MeCN_Dy, 14.8 cm−1 for 17_Tb, and 31.0 cm−1 for 18_Dy. The enhanced/improved properties of 17_Tb and 18_Dy, compared to those of 6_Tb and 7_Dy, have been correlated with the different supramolecular structural features of the two families. The molecules [Ln(NO3)3(salanH)2(MeOH)] of complexes 17_Tb and 18_Dy are by far better isolated (allowing for better slow magnetic relaxation properties) than the molecules [Ln(NO3)3(salanH)2(H2O)] in 6·MeCN_Tb and 7·MeCN_Dy. The perspectives of the present initial studies in the Ln(III)/salanH chemistry are discussed.

We recently demonstrated an overall decrease of all alpha beta and specially gamma delta T cell subsets in patients with sepsis compared with healthy subjects. IL-7 is a crucial factor for development of gamma delta T cells and survival in sepsis but its association with sepsis severity, evolution of organ failure and death still has not been investigated. Sera from 78 patients who met criteria for sepsis were analyzed vs control group. Septic patients showed the lowest levels of IL-7. Patients with severe sepsis reached levels of IL-7 higher than those observed in the groups of uncomplicated sepsis and septic shock. The frequency gamma delta T cells at admission was lower in septic patients vs control group. At the time of admission, the frequency of gamma delta T cells in septic patients who subsequently died was lower than the observed in the group of patients that instead survived. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Background: Normal reference values in healthy subjects for T-lymphocytes for both types of receptors, alpha beta and gamma delta, and their subsets are yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to measure peripheral blood alpha beta and gamma delta total T-lymphocytes and their subsets in a population of healthy subjects, in order to obtain valid reference values for studies in human pathology. Methods: We studied a total of 157 healthy subjects, 78 men and 79 women, establishing their levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD56+, alpha beta CD3+, alpha beta CD3+CD4+, alpha beta CD3+CD8+, alpha beta CD3+CD56+, gamma delta CD3+, gamma delta CD3+CD4-CD8-, gamma delta CD3+CD8+, and gamma delta CD3+CD56+ T-cells by flow cytometry. The T-cell subsets were compared for different age and gender groups. Results: A significant decrease in CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD4+ alpha beta, and CD3+ gamma delta T-cells was observed in elderly subjects. CD3+, CD3+ alpha beta, and CD3+CD4+ alpha beta T-cells increased in women, while CD3+CD56+ alpha beta T-cells increased in men. Conclusions. These reference values could be useful in further research studies for assessing changes that occur in the different a beta and gamma delta T subsets in human pathology. (c) 2012 International Clinical Cytometry Society

Between January 1985 and December 1988, 386 patients with multiple myeloma were randomized to receive either MP or combination chemotherapy based on alternating cycles of VCMP and VBAP. The major prognostic parameters did not differ significantly between both treatment groups. A significantly higher proportion of objective responses was observed with combination chemotherapy as compared to MP (47.8 vs 32.2, P = 0.01). The median survival for all patients was 33.5 months. So far no significant differences were found when comparing the survival curves from both groups of patients. However, the median survival of MP-treated patients is 26.8 months, whereas the median survival of patients receiving VCMP/VBAP has not yet been reached. The definitive analysis must await the evaluation of all patients entered into the study and a longer follow-up time.

Inhibition of platelet aggregation by contact factor eluate (CFE) is demonstrated. A similar inhibition of platelet aggregation is found following incubation of ellagic acid with native platelet rich plasma. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by CFE or ellagic acid was not found when PRP from a patient with Hageman’ disease was used. The electrophoretic mobility of platelets was increased by the action of CFE. The possible role of the contact factor as a regulator of the platelet plug in the early stages of haemostasis is discussed.

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is an immune-based disease that has become an increasing problem. The diagnosis and management of CMA varies from one clinical setting to another and represents a challenge in pediatric practice. In addition, because nonallergic food reactions can be confused with CMA symptoms, there is an overdiagnosis of the disease. In response to these situations, pediatric specialties from recognized institutions throughout Latin America decided to develop a clinical guideline for diagnosis and management of cow's milk allergy. These guidelines include definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology overview, clinical and evidencebased recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of CMA. They also include prevention and prognosis sections and identify gaps in the current knowledge to be addressed through future research.

The lethal responses to cadmium of instar II nauplii from eight populations of Artemia belonging to the species Artemia franciscana, Artemia salina, Artemia persimilis, and Artemia parthenogenetica have been compared. Generalized linear models were used to fit mortality. The model indicates that there is a relationship between species, type of population, and mortality rate. The two populations of A. franciscana were the most sensitive to cadmium toxicity (median lethal concentration, LC50, of 93.3-142 mg/L), while the population of A. persimilis was the most resistant (LC50 of 284 mg/L). Differences in the phenotypic variability in each population were assessed through the slope of the mortality curve, with A. persimilis exhibiting the highest diversity. This study suggests that habitat peculiarities and historical origin of the populations may have a significant influence on their response to cadmium toxicity.