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Polyommatus dorylas: Decline and Conservation This species, too, has declined rapidly. In DE, 48 grid cells (19% of all cells with records) are occupied after 2000, as contrasted with 255 occupied across all time periods (Reinhardt et al. 2020). In CZ, the decline was from 113 cells in 1951–2001, to five locations scattered across the country around 2010, and to a single larger colony in the Bílé Karpaty Mts after 2018, plus a few individual records elsewhere (Brno environs, Pálava Hills, Kosíř Mt) (Laštůvka and Laštůvka 2020), some of them possibly due to unauthorized transfers. The situation is better in eastern AT, SK, and HU (Fig. 1). In DE, good populations persist in the Alps (11 grid cells, further undetected populations expected). Outside the Alps, ≈20 more cells in four federal states (Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, BadenWürttemberg, Bavaria) are occupied at present. The main habitats in the Bavarian Alps are grazed south-facing slopes. In Bavaria outside the Alps (Frankenalb), three populations, two of them with only few individuals, exist after 2015, including two active MTAs and their surroundings. In Thuringia, a stable population survives in the Ohrdruf MTA inhabited also by P. damon, while in the Rhön Mts, a former stronghold with> 30 sites after 1990, the species is close to extinction. In Saxony-Anhalt, a metapopulation exists on calcareous grasslands and limestone quarries in the Oberharz region, and in Baden-Württemberg, an extended metapopulation system is present in the Alb-Wutach region on mown Mesobromion grasslands. Based on observations from CZ, the butterfly requires a high proportional cover of its host plant, Anthyllis vulneraria. An important factor is a regularly disturbed ground, supporting its germination. Only plants prominently overtopping surrounding sward are used for oviposition (n = 8, 100% of observations). The same applies for nectaring, frequently observed on prominent bunches of another legume, Lotus L. spp., in short sward (n = 28; 96% of observations, CZ), but also on A. vulneraria, purple flowers such as Centaurea L. spp. (DE). Without regular ground disturbance, the dense host plants growths last only briefly, but for their maintenance, nonintensive cattle pasture seems to be sufficient. Ex situ breeding was attempted in 2018 in CZ (2 males and 5 females, summer generation, from the Bílé Karpaty Mts). The ≈200 produced larvae survived overwintering at dry bases of host plant stems. In 2019, they produced 25 males and 20 females, whose progeny (≈ 600 larvae) were released to a restored site (Týnčany karst)., Published as part of Bartoňová, Alena Sucháčková, Konvička, Martin, Marešová, Jana, Bláhová, Dana, Číp, David, Skala, Pavel, Andres, Miloš, Hula, Vladimír, Dolek, Matthias, Geyer, Adi, Böck, Oliver, Kadlec, Tomáš & Fric, Zdeněk Faltýnek, 2021, Extremely Endangered Butterflies of Scattered Central European Dry Grasslands Under Current Habitat Alteration, pp. 1-18 in Insect Systematics and Diversity (AIFB) (AIFB) 5 (5) on pages 11-12, DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab017, http://zenodo.org/record/7182406, {"references":["Reinhardt, R., A. Harpke, S. Caspari, M. Dolek, E. Kuhn, M. Musche, R. Trusch, M. Wiemers, and J. Settele. 2020. Verbreitungsatlas der tagfalter und widderchen deutschlands. Ulmer Eugen Verlag, Stuttgart.","Lastuvka, Z., and A. Lastuvka. 2020. Motyli (Lepidoptera) mesta Brno - historie a soucasnost. Mendel University, Brno."]}

Úvod: Pro rodinu samotnou je velice těžké vyrovnat se skutečností, že jejich dítě trpí poruchou autistického spektra. Péče o tyto děti je pro rodiny nesmírně náročnou životní cestou s konsekvencemi psychickými, zdravotními a sociálními. Důležitou funkci v podpoře těchto rodin plní zařízení neziskového sektoru, která se snaží pomáhat rodinám se vyrovnávat s obtížemi a přispívat tak k jejich autonomii a spokojenosti. Cíl: Zjistit spokojenost rodin pečujících o dítě s poruchou autistického spektra s neziskovými zařízeními, které poskytují rodinám sociální a zdravotní péči. Metodika: Vzorek respondentů byl osloven v několika neziskových zařízeních Pardubického a Královéhradeckého kraje. Výzkumné šetření probíhalo pomocí dotazníku vlastní konstrukce. Pro zpracování výsledků byly použity statistické metody absolutní a relativní četnosti. Výsledky: Rodiny pečující o dítě s poruchou autistického spektra jsou s využívanými neziskovými zařízeními převážně spokojeni. Negativním zjištěním byla absence poskytování respitní služby, kterou většina respondentů považuje za velmi potřebnou. Závěr: Rodiče pečující o dítě s poruchou autistického spektra aktivně využívají nezisková zařízení, která jim nabízejí celou řadu služeb účelně podporující uspokojování jejich potřeb ve spektru zdravotní, sociální i psychické podpory. Je nezbytné udržet a lépe ještě i dále rozšiřovat služby neziskových organizací podporující rodiny, které vlivem nemoci svého člena přicházejí o svou autonomii a stávají se tak v mnoha momentech závislými na ostatní společnosti. Návrhem k zlepšení situace je rozšiřovat chybějící respitní služby. Introduction: It is very hard for the family itself to cope with the fact that their child is suffering from autistic spectrum disorder. The care of these children is extremely hard life experience for a family with consequences of the mental, health and social. An important function in supporting these families fulfilling the device by the non-profit sector, which is trying to help families to cope with the difficulties and thus contribute to their autonomy and satisfaction. Aim: To determine the satisfaction of families caring for a child with autistic spectrum disorder with non-profit facilities that provide families social and health care. Method: The sample of respondents was approached in several non-profit facilities in the Pardubice and Hradec Králové region. The research investigation was conducted with using a questionnaire of our own design. For the results processing have been used the statistical method of absolute and relative frequency. Results: Families caring for a child with autistic spectrum disorder are mostly satisfied with a use of non-profit facilities. The negative finding was the absence of the provision of respite services, which most respondents considered to be very necessary. Conclusion: Parents caring for a child with autistic spectrum disorder use the non-profit facility actively, which offer a full range of services effectively supporting the satisfaction of their needs in the spectrum of health, social and psychological support. It is necessary to maintain and better to expand further services of non-profit organizations supporting families, which due to the illness of its member lose their autonomy and become, in many moments, dependent on other society. A proposal for improving the situation is to expand the lack of respite services.