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1. The middle part of the Sava River in Slovenia provides one of the longest free-flowing habitats for huchen, a threatened species that is also protected by the European Habitats Directive. However, there are plans for the construction of a chain of hydropower plants along this stretch of river. It has previously been assumed that huchen is no longer self-sustainable here, but dependent upon stocking with hatchery-reared fish. 2. Using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA, the genetic structure of huchen in its entire range in Slovenia was analysed with the particular aim of assessing the self-sustainability of the species in the middle Sava. 3. Using factorial correspondence analysis and assignment tests, a distinct genetic cluster was identified for each of the three main river systems in the country (Sava, Kolpa and Mura–Drava). In the middle Sava, a genetic admixture between stocked and local individuals, observed beyond F1, and a unique genetic substructure not corresponding to the stocking sources, were found. 4. These results indicate the self-sustainability of the middle Sava population and justify its protection. The estimated effective population size in the middle Sava is below the accepted minimum, and additional fragmentation arising from dam construction would cause the genetic breakdown of this huchen population. 5. To preserve local genetic pools and possible inter-population adaptive differentiation, we recommend that the three, historically isolated, river system-bound populations (from the Sava, Kolpa and Mura–Drava) are managed separately. However, separate management of the small, isolated populations in the once free-flowing Sava river system is not encouraged as it may cause their genetic impoverishment. 6. The potential impact of this study on the conservation management of huchen more widely is discussed, with emphasis on the Balkans, where large populations still exist and their management is just beginning.

The Qilianyu cluster of the Xisha (Paracel) Islands has one of the few remaining green turtle Chelonia mydas rookeries in the China region. Genetic samples were obtained from dead green turtle embryos and hatchlings salvaged from post-hatched nests at Middle Island (n = 3), North Island (n = 9) and South Sand (n = 1) of the Qilianyu cluster in 2017-2019. The ~800 bp mitochondrial DNA control region was sequenced from the samples, and 5 haplotypes were identified belonging to 2 documented clades (clades III and VIII), including 2 new haplotypes (CmP243.1 and CmP244.1) and 3 previously reported haplotypes (CmP18.1, CmP19.1, CmP20.1). These results were combined with previously published mtDNA data for the Qilianyu cluster and nearby (~93 km) Yongle Islands indicating a lack of differentiation based on truncated 384 bp control region sequences (exact test, p = 0.0997; FST = 0.015, p = 0.2760), to represent a single Xisha Islands rookery. The rookery at the Xisha Islands was significantly differentiated (p < 0.01) from all 19 management units (MUs) documented in the Indo-Pacific and Japan regions, supporting recognition of the Xisha Islands rookery as a new independent MU. The results will help inform national and international conservation action plans by China and the countries around the South China Sea to protect green turtles in the West Pacific Ocean.

Resumen La aplicación de modelos de crecimiento para árboles individuales en bosques mezclados permite realizar estimaciones a nivel de la unidad de manejo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los modelos de crecimiento en diámetro normal, área basal, altura total y volumen fustal de Chapman-Richards, Schumacher, Hossfeld I y Weibull para árboles individuales de Pinus pseudostrobus y Pinus oocarpa de Guerrero, México. Mediante muestreo selectivo se recolectaron 27 árboles dominantes y 28 codominantes para reconstruir los perfiles de árboles ordenados en grupos de diez años, por medio de la técnica de análisis troncales. La selección de los mejores modelos para cada variable se realizó con base en el coeficiente de determinación ajustado, la raíz del error medio cuadrático, las propiedades de los parámetros y las tendencias lógicas de crecimiento. Los resultados indican que el modelo de Schumacher fue el mejor para estimar el crecimiento en diámetro normal y la altura en ambas especies, así como el área basal de Pinus pseudostrobus y el volumen de Pinus oocarpa; mientras que, el modelo de Chapman-Richards fue el mejor para estimar el área basal de Pinus oocarpa y el volumen para Pinus pseudostrobus. Las edades estimadas del turno para volumen en Pinus oocarpa fueron de 62 años y para Pinus pseudostrobus de 82 años.

Classification of fields into management units based on soil variability and fertility is important for spatial crop planning. The present study was conducted in Chukanagallu subwatershed (97 km2), Koppal district of Northern Karnataka Plateau, India to map the soil fertility management units and to analyse the suitability of soil for different crops. Random forest regression and classification algorithms were used to map the differentiating characteristics of soil series (soil depth, coarse fragments and soil colour), physicochemical properties (pH, EC and OC) and fertility parameters (P2O5, K2O, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B). Random forest model performed well for the prediction of fertility parameters (R2 = 44–73%) and physicochemical properties (R2 = 39–83%) compared to soil depth and coarse fragments (R2 = 17–18%). Predicted soil fertility parameters and physicochemical properties were used for the delineation of different homogenous fertility management units. Soil series characteristics and fertility parameters were also evaluated using a multi-criteria approach for suitability of soil for cotton, groundnut and rice cultivation and the results showed that major area of subwatershed is moderately suitable for the cultivation of cotton, rice and groundnut. The management units derived from DSM approach were symmetrical in production potential and requires similar management aspects which are useful for appropriate planning of management strategies such as crop selections and nutrient management to achieve sustainable production.

This study aims to formulate an appropriate alternative development strategy for the Baturraden Botanical Gardens. This strategy can make it easier for the management unit to develop the Baturraden Botanical Gardens even better. Primary data obtained through interviews and questionnaires. Baturraden Botanical Gardens as a vehicle for the environment has conservation and tourism functions. The development of the conservation function of the Baturraden Botanical Gardens is marked by the increasing collection of plants from time to time. Information obtained is that starting in 2014 the management of the Botanical Gardens of Baturraden and Tahura KGPAA Mangkunagoro I was separated through Pergub No. 20/2014. Based on the results of interviews, it was found that the public's view was that to develop the tourism potential of botanical gardens, botanical gardens should diversify activities, especially educational tours. Educational tours that are attractively packaged are one of the factors that can make visitors satisfied and want to visit again.

The productive distribution of zakat is expected to empower mustahik to accelerate poverty reduction. Therefore, Baitul Mal Aceh has formed Productive Zakat Management Unit which was later developed into Sharia Microfinance Institution (LKMS). The institution aims to empower the economy of the poor through productive distribution of zakat in the form of interest-free financing (Qardhul Hasan). Hence, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study to discover to effect of the productive zakat on economic empowerment of mustahik. Specifically, the purpose of this study is to investigate: 1) the distribution of productive zakat (X), 2) economic empowerment of mustahik (Y), 3) the effect of productive zakat on economic empowerment of mustahik at LKMS Baitul Mal Aceh. This study performed regression equation method Y = a + bX. The data was collected by distributing questionnaires and there were 160 respondents chosen by using convention sampling technique. The results of study proved that LKMS Baitul Aceh has a good achievement in distributing productive zakat through utilization, target, and distribution. In term of economic empowerment of mustahik, the improvement is needed through training, business managing, and assisting. The distribution of productive zakat (X) have a significant effect on economic empowerment of mustahik (Y) as tscore (3.637) >ttable (1.97509) and F score (13.231) >F table (3.9). In addition, p value (Sig) of 0.0000 is below alpha 5% proofing that hypothesis H1 is accepted which means there is a significant effect of the distribution of productive zakat on economic empowerment of mustahik at LKMS Baitul Mal Aceh. The regression equation obtained for Y = a + bX is Y = 55.511 + 0.149Y. The equation implies that the changes of 0.149 for dependent variable (Y) result from 1 point changes in the independent variable (X).

Zakat is an obligation for Muslims who have more wealth. The results of the study in 2011 by BAZNAS and FEM IPB found the fact that the potential for zakat in Indonesia reached 217 t rillion, while from that potential c ould only collect 1.729 t rillion. This study use d the planned behaviour theory from Ajzein and Fizbein which states attitude s , subjective norms, and behavioral control have a relationship with the intention . The study formulation look ed at the determinants of IAIN Surakarta employee s’ intentions in paying zakat . This study use d a quantitative approach with a survey method using a questionnaire instrument. The population in this study were 445 employes of IAIN Surakarta . The sample s of the study were 159 employes who were alreday civil servants . The data analysis technique s were quantitative descriptive and inferential descriptive. The result of the study explain ed that there was a relationship between attitude s , subjective norm, and behavioural control with the intention of IAIN Surakarta employee s in paying zakat. Behaviour control has the highest relation ship with intention. The behaviour in paying zakat carried out by IAIN Surakarta employees cannot be separated from the role of institution that use internal policies to encourage their employees to carry out zakat obligations. The existence of the Zakat Management Unit (UPZ) facilitates the collection and management of zakat from IAIN Surakarta employees themselves. The influence of co-workers also increases the understanding of religion , especially the obligation of zakat for employees who have civil servant status, because their income has reached nisab (limit) to pay zakat.

This article explores the role of drug use-related stigma in constraining access to healthcare services. Drawing on interviews with 20 people conducted shortly after leaving an Australian alcohol and other drug withdrawal management unit, the article explores their willingness and ability to access primary care, hospital and further services. It finds repeated descriptions of feeling ignored and shamed during efforts to access care, with some descriptions relating to subtle signs of disapproval or condemnation, and others to being ignored or dismissed. Some accounts additionally emphasise unwelcoming atmospheres, and exclusion by omission of signals of welcome and encouragement. The article goes on to consider, for the first time in this field, contemporary notions of welcome and hospitality as outlined within the cosmopolitanism tradition, asking whether they offer insights into how healthcare may become more accessible for people who regularly experience stigmatisation. In concluding, the article considers the need to think further about forms of exclusion that occur when social and individual histories of stigma are not institutionally recognised, and measures to counter these histories are not actively adopted.

The fishery of inshore hagfish (Eptatretus burgeri) is particularly important from the perspective of the eel-skin leather industry in the northwest Pacific. In order to reveal the genetic diversity and population structure of E. burgeri in the northwest Pacific, we analyzed partial nucleotide sequences of three mitochondrial DNA regions (523 bp in COI, 712 bp in ND4 and 617 bp in Cytb) based on specimens collected from six locations in Korea and Japan. The genetic diversities of E. burgeri were higher in Korean locations compared to Japanese ones. AMOVA showed that E. burgeri was completely separated into two groups (group A: southern coast of Korea and western coast of Japan vs. group B: eastern coast of Japan). Furthermore, groups A and B were divided into each two lineages (lineage I: west southern coast of Korea, lineage II: east southern coast of Korea and western coast of Japan, lineage III and IV: eastern coast of Japan). Our molecular results suggest that these two groups and lineages of E. burgeri may be different evolutionary significant unit and management unit, respectively.

Brasil y Colombia son considerados países con una alta disponibilidad hídrica, actualmente presentan grandes avances en la implementación de una Gestión Integrada del Recurso Hídrico, sim embargo, exhiben problemáticas comunes en relación con los diversos usuarios y los múltiples usos del recurso dentro de sus territorios. Este trabajo analiza comparativamente cinco instrumentos de gestión (planeación, clasificación de los cuerpos de agua, concesiones y cobro por uso del agua y finalmente el uso de los sistemas de información sobre recursos hídricos), renovando la discusión acerca de los modelos establecidos, donde se denotan deficiencias de aplicación normativa para ambos países. Se encontró un sistema más maduro en su proceso de instalación y con mayores garantías de participación ciudadana en Brasil, en cuanto que el sistema colombiano se encuentra en una etapa más temprana de desarrollo, existiendo una fuerte conexión con la gestión ambiental. La adopción de la cuenca hidrográfica como unidad de gestión es un punto conflictuante por no coincidir con los límites político-administrativos tradicionales. Se toma a la cuenca del río Alto Lebrija en Colombia y las cuencas de los ríos Piracicaba, Capivari y Jundiaí, en Brasil, como ejemplos locales para un mejor entendimiento de la comparación propuesta.

Hatay province has a rich ecosystem that medicinal and aromatic plants grow naturally all across the province. There are about 2.000 flowery plants in the vegetative pattern of the province, and it is around 300 of them are endemic plants. The main purpose of this study was to present the production and processing structure of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) which are commonly traded in the Hatay Province of Turkey. In addition, it was aimed to examine the problems of the sector in the Province, and to bring solutions about those problems. According to the research results: in Hatay Province, MAPs are mostly collected from nature; in terms of local processing enterprises, there are problems about obtaining sufficient raw materials; and spice plants are marketed as semi-processed to the other districts. There is a lack of producer organization of MAPs in the region. In order to improve MAPs industry in the province, it is necessary to establish a MAPs coordination and management unit where all shareholders are represented. It should be focused on: extending MAPs cultivation, providing subsidies for producers and processing enterprises, developing effective marketing and publicity strategies for target markets, and establishing a MAPs research institution.

Actualmente en Latinoamérica existe una creciente preocupación por la planificación de los territorios rurales, particularmente en el marco del ordenamiento territorial. Sin embargo, las particularidades de los territorios rurales construidas por los actores locales aún no han sido atendidas en profundidad. En este artículo definimos los conceptos de territorio y capital social para analizar las redes sociales y la manera en que son percibidas por los actores con el fin de elaborar una propuesta metodológica para definir unidades locales de gestión para el ordenamiento territorial rural. La metodología consta de 4 etapas que, a través de técnicas de recolección cualitativas y cuantitativas y análisis de datos basado en la codificación, permite definir los límites analíticos de la unidad a través de un sistema de información geográfico. Para aplicar la metodología seleccionamos un estudio de caso en el departamento de Santa Rosa, Mendoza-Argentina. Sostenemos que al incorporar la unidad local de gestión en el diseño de políticas territoriales es posible atender las singularidades que inscriben los actores locales en territorios rurales. De esta manera, la planificación territorial podría enriquecer sus acciones al abordar la escala local, es decir, al considerar como unidad de análisis a los sujetos y sus redes. Currently, in Latin America, there is a growing concern for the planning of rural territories, particularly in the context of land use planning. However, the distinctive features of the rural territories which are built by the local actors have not yet been addressed in depth. In this article, we define the concepts of territory and social capital to analyze the social networks and how the actors perceive them in order to elaborate a methodological proposal to define local management units for rural land use planning. The methodology consists of four stages that, through qualitative and quantitative techniques and data analysis based on coding, enables the definition of the analytical limits of the unit with the support of a geographical information system. To apply the methodology, we selected a case study in the department of Santa Rosa, Mendoza-Argentina. The consideration of the local management unit in the design of land use policies allows addressing the singularities that local actors express in rural territories. In this way, land use planning could be enriched by approaching the local scale, that is, by considering subjects and their networks as analysis units. Fil: Sales, Romina Giselle. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño. Instituto Regional de Planeamiento y Hábitat; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina

Camellia nitidissima Chi, is a rare and endangered plant that is narrowly distributed in South China and North Vietnam. In this study, seven polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity, recent population bottlenecks as well as population structure of twelve remnant populations of the plant. Our results indicated that, despite their severely fragmented natural range, C. nitidissima remnants maintained a moderate level of genetic variability, and only a bottlenecked population was detected by the clear evidences. No significant correlation was found between genetic diversity and population size. Significantly high genetic differences among populations were found, and the twelve populations could be classified into two distinct genetic groups. AMOVA indicated that 16.14% (16.73%, after one suspected artificial population was excluded) of the molecular variation was attributable to regional divergences (between Nanning and Fangcheng), and the majority of genetic variation existed within populations which were 69.24% (70.63%, after one suspected artificial population was excluded). For conservation management plans, the genetic resources of the two distinct groups are of equal importance for conservation, separate management unit for each of them should be considered. Given that all remnant populations are small and isolated, and many plants are illegally dug out for commercial purposes, management efforts in terms of habitat protection and legal protection, as well as transplantations and reintroductions, would be necessary for this species.

Since My Thuan Bridge, the first concrete cable-stayed bridge in Vietnam, had begun construction in 1997 and was put into operation in 2000. After that, another concrete cable-stayed bridge had been constructed like Kien Bridge (2003), Bai Chay Bridge (2006), Rach Mieu Bridge (2009), Phu My Bridge (2009), Can Tho Bridge (2010), and three new bridges will be put into use at the end of 2018 as Cao Lanh Bridge, Vam Cong Bridge, and Bach Dang Bridge. Therefore, the SHM system is gradually being designed and installed for cable-stayed bridges to ensure economic exploitation and safety. The management unit began to pay more attention to the new cable bridges, which have already included the early stages' monitoring system. The existing SHM system installed on the bridges has many mistakes and problems in the SHM systems, which already exist in Vietnam. This paper describes the application an acoustic emission technology for the SHM system of a concrete cable-stayed bridge. The new SHM system with acoustic emission (AE) technology allows monitoring and tracking the processes that occur over a structure's entire volume. The structure is independent of strain and stress and depends mainly on the integrity of the structure that is of utmost importance for the bridge's service life and safe operation.

This study found new results from the development of previous research. Previous research, earnings management is measured through discreationary accruals by disbursing total accruals with non-discreationary accruals using the Jones Modified model (Dechow et al., 1995) with the formula TA = Nit – CFOit. Previous research and this study were conducted on mining companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in the period 2012 to 2015. The results of previous studies that leverage had no effect on earnings management and earnings management is an intervening variable that has a significant influence on earnings quality. (Irene Barus et al., 2018). This study aims to analyze the relationship between leverage ratio and firm size to real earnings management using discretionary accruals through real daily earnings management activities. Managers tend to choose earnings management through real activity manipulation rather than earnings management through accruals (Graham et al. 2005; Roychowdhury (2006: 338). The results of this study indicate leverage variables have a positive and significant effect on real earnings management activities.

Education, training, and assessment of placement are essential for companies, therefore, this research aims to analyze the effect of training on job placement assessment. This emphasized the effect of education; and job placement assessment on employee performance; and also, education on employee performance through job placement assessment. Furthermore, the study was performed on 87 employees of PT. Gunung Limo and PT. Putra Sarana Transborneo, which became the sample size chosen randomly. The data obtained were grouped with the use of a questionnaire and subsequently evaluated using the path analysis. Besides, the result showed some effects of (1) education and (2) training on job placement assessment; (3) education, (4) training and (5) job placement assessment on performance; and also the effect of (6) education and (7) training on the employee’s performance through job placement assessment by a company’s education management unit.

Understanding population dynamics is essential for achieving sustainable and productive fisheries. However, estimating recruitment in a stock assessment model involves the challenging task of identifying a self-sustaining population, which often includes representing complex geographic structure. A review of several case studies demonstrated that alternative stock assessment models can influence estimates of recruitment. Incorporating spatial population structure and connectivity into stock assessment models changed the perception of recruitment events for a wide diversity of fisheries, but the degree to which estimates were impacted depended on movement rates and relative stock sizes. For multiple population components, estimates of strong recruitment events and the productivity of smaller population units were often more sensitive to connectivity assumptions. Simulation testing, conditioned on these case studies, suggested that accurately accounting for population structure, either in management unit definitions or stock assessment model structure, improved recruitment estimates. An understanding of movement dynamics improved estimation of connected sub-populations. The challenge of representing geographic structure in stock assessment emphasizes the importance of defining self-sustaining management units to justify a unit-stock assumption.

The Library for Natural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences possesses unique collections of the national and foreign science literature. It acts as a federal STI authority in the natural and engineering sciences. Therefore, one of the Library’s key functions is delivering materials (originals and fragment copies) from its collection to other libraries within the ILL system. The RAS Library for Natural Sciences heads the country’s largest centralized library system (CLS) embracing 49 affiliates of research organizations in Moscow region. The CLS collections, including those of the Central Library, make the single distributed collection to provide services to ILL subscribers. The peculiar feature of the Library’s ILL services is that it delivers materials to its subscribers (the CLS libraries) not only from the CLS collections alone but also from other Moscow and Russian major library collections. The authors describe the computerized system designed at the Russian Academy of Sciences Library for Natural Sciences and characterize the used ILL technology. The structure of the information base comprises ‘Clients’ and ‘Orders’ units. Order dispatching and cash settlements with subscribers are provided by the system’s management unit; the retrieval and statistical tasks are also accomplished. The user unit supports order generation based on union e-catalogs. Specific features of order generation based on various Internet-catalogs, i. e. journals, books and periodicals, image catalogs of national and foreign books, are examined.

Forest Management Unit (FMU) is a growing phenomenon in Cameroon, impacting biodiversity negatively. This study was initiated to assess vascular epiphytes’ species loss on exploited trees t...

The research verified the integration between the Rural Environmental Register (CAR) and the National Register of Rural Property (CNIR), based on the Law on 'Georeferencing of Rural Property' (Law 10.267 / 2001) and Ministerial Order No. 511/2009, which established the guidelines for the Multi-purpose Land Cadastre in Brazil. The CAR was created in the new Forest Code (Law 12.651 / 2012) and constitutes a georeferenced database on forest areas of private properties, focusing on the preservation of Brazilian forest resources in the rural environment. So far, it is in the implementation phase, the CAR has demonstrated weaknesses in its methodology for geometric survey of the limits to be declared, divulging alarming data regarding overlapping of the areas. Through a preliminary proposal of a conceptual model, based on the theoretical principle of the OMT-G, was verified the conceptual discrepancies and similarities, as well as the integration potential between the Rural Environmental Register (CAR) and the National Register of Rural Property (CNIR), in order to propose best practices for territorial and environmental management. As a result, the conceptual and logical characterization of the smaller territorial management unit of each cadastral system (CAR and CNIR) was obtained, as well as the respective proof of their incompatibilities. Each spatial management system presented a distinct structuring model that prevents potential integration between cadastre databases and widens the differences in the recognition and management of the basic unit of the territory, whether for planning or for decision-making.

One prerequisite for sustainable fisheries management is to match management actions with biological processes. Stocks are fundamental units for fisheries management. Understanding the spatial structure of fish stocks is critical for conducting defensible stock assessments, applying efficient management strategies, and ensuring the sustainability of fish stocks. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) is an important fishery in the Great Lakes. The appropriateness of its management units (MUs) has been identified as of high concern by the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission. Here we established integrated nested Laplace approximations and stochastic partial differential equations as two powerful tools for modeling spatiotemporal patterns of fish relative biomass. These fast computational approaches were applied to fit a Bayesian hierarchical hurdle model to occurrence and positive mass of yellow perch caught in gill-net surveys. Yellow perch relative biomass index has clear temporal variation and spatial heterogeneity, with the two middle MUs for yellow perch within Lake Erie merging together. The method explicitly models the spatiotemporal correlation structure inherent in biomass survey data at a reasonable computational cost, and the estimated spatiotemporal correlation informs stock structure.

Patient safety is an essential component of quality of care, especially when the complexity of care has reached extreme levels. Currently achieving this safety is considered a basic strategy of the National Health System. Nuclear Medicine departments have certain peculiarities that make them special in terms of patient safety, with situations that go beyond the common health care practice of other departments. Namely, that both encapsulated and non-encapsulated ionizing radiation is used in daily practice, and numerous groups of professionals must be coordinated to undertake positron emission tomography (PET) specifically, from the clinical management unit itself, and from other departments of the hospital (as well as companies outside the hospital itself and the Public Health System). The objective of this paper was to identify the risks to which a patient who is to be explored through PET can be exposed in a Nuclear Medicine department and draw up a risk map for the PET process. The methodology used is part of the proposal of the Ministry of Health (2007), and its practical implementation (given the limited literature available on Nuclear Medicine), follows as far as possible that of related care areas (radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy). For this purpose, a multidisciplinary team of professionals directly related to the PET process was created, using the modal analysis of faults and effects methodology to identify possible failures, their causes and the potential adverse events causing each. As a final step, a risk map was created, locating the previously identified faults at each stage of the process. This paper exposes the PET process, and describes the risks that patients might run when a PET scan is required, as well as the adverse events deriving from it. All this is shown in a risk map of the PET process.

Studying the distribution of organisms and their movements is fundamental to understand population dynamics. Most studies indicated that crocodilians do not move around much but several studies demonstrated that some species showed movement patterns. Detection of these movements along the individual life is still a challenge. In this study we analyzed the variation of strontium isotopic ratio (87Sr/86Sr) in the femur bones of 70 Caimanya care individuals caught in 16 sites located in five hydrological sectors of the Beni river floodplain in Bolivia. Our results demonstrated for the first time that such a methodology could yield indications about the capture sites and reconstruct individual life history. Analyses of the outer part of the femur of 70 individuals showed that capture sites could be differentiated between sectors and even between sites or groups of sites in each sector. Studies of complete 87Sr/86Sr profiles along the femur, representing the individual’s entire life, were performed on 33 yacares. We found that most of the individuals did not show any significant isotopic variation throughout their lives. This absence of variation could result from a high fidelity to the birth site, and/or from an insignificant isotopic variation between the water bodies through which the animal has potentially moved. However, 24% of the analyzed individuals presented significant variations that can be considered as movements between different habitats. Based on the observed low proportion of moving yacares, we advocated that each water body should be considered an individual management unit.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las heridas de difícil cicatrización o complejas que aquejan a un alto porcentaje de la población, además de afectar a la calidad de vida de quien las padece, repercute en un alto coste económico, en tiempo de enfermería y en estancias hospitalarias. Objetivo: Conocer el coste económico, las heridas complicadas, el coste medio para el cierre y la media de días para el mismo que ha tenido cada profesional de enfermería comparado con la enfermera de práctica avanzada (EPA) en heridas crónicas complejas (HCC) de la Unidad. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo longitudinal del total de los informes de valoración de heridas generados desde la aplicación de heridas en DIRAYA (sistema de información asistencial corporativo para todo el Servicio Andaluz de Salud, historia de salud única de todos los episodios asistenciales del ciudadano) y que necesitaron materiales de cura en ambiente húmedo suministrados por la Unidad de Gestión Clínica (UGC). El estudio se desarrolló en la UGC de Algarrobo, perteneciente al Área de Gestión Sanitaria Este de Málaga-Axarquía, desde junio 2019 hasta junio 2020. Se trata de una muestra conceptual, ya que se ha incluido a toda la población de enfermeros y enfermeras de la UGC y las correspondientes hojas emitidas por ellos. Resultados: Durante el periodo de estudio se registraron un total de 416 heridas en la Unidad, de las cuales se cerraron 338, el 81,2%. La EPA trató el 22,6% del total de las heridas (94 heridas) y resolvió el 90,4% de ellas, siendo el coste medio para el cierre de las heridas de 21,3 €, en un plazo medio de 30,7 días, mientras que el resto de profesionales tuvo que tratar de media 32,2 heridas y se resolvieron de media el 76,7%, siendo el coste medio para el cierre de una herida de 36,2 € en un plazo medio de 172,1 días. Conclusiones: La introducción de la EPA en HCC en la UGC ha llevado a la Unidad a un mejor resultado en cuanto a gasto en materiales y al acortamiento de los días para la resolución de las heridas, lo que influye en una mejor calidad de vida para aquellos que las padecen. Además, la introducción de la EPA ha servido de revulsivo para los profesionales y les ha llevado a un mejor hacer en su trabajo con las heridas, lo que influye tanto en su autoestima profesional como en los pacientes a los que tratan.

The prediction of abnormal traffic flows has always been a primary concern in traffic management. If the management unit can predict the occurrence of abnormalities, it can manage and control transportation in advance in order to avoid abnormal traffic flows and enhance the service quality. While previous researchers generally predicted abnormal conditions in traffic flows by means of a single time series prediction model, such methods might result in inaccuracy in the prediction of abnormal traffic flows in some areas. As a result, in terms of practicality, the traditional methods fail to produce satisfactory results. Moreover, with the traditional methods, researchers often find it difficult to obtain the best time-delay item in the model and can only do so by using the trial-and-error method, which is nevertheless cost-prohibitive. In order to solve this problem, in this study, we predicted abnormal traffic flows by using the Ensembling-mRBF-LSTM framework, which consists of three new concepts: (1) introducing the concept of ensembling learning to the target issue and integrating the results produced by multiple existing prediction methods into the prediction of abnormalities, (2) devising the concept of mRBF-LSTM to select the prediction methods applicable to the prediction of abnormalities in this study from the existing methods and to decide on the applicable time-delay item for each existing prediction method, and (3) predicting abnormalities by using only the existing methods selected via mRBF-LSTM. With the aforementioned three major concepts, in this study, we sought to vastly improve the existing method for abnormal traffic flow prediction. Lastly, this study provided the traffic flow data of Taipei Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) in Taiwan to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The Meteorological Archives of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is the largest professional meteorological archives in the Inner Mongolia region, and it is also the first national meteorological archives to be promoted to a national first-class archive management unit. Inner Mongolia Meteorological Archives now preserves more than 80,000 volumes of meteorological management files, meteorological observation records, meteorological scientific research files, and meteorological infrastructure files, providing the most fundamental support services for the development, research and application of meteorological services.

This paper describes the architecture and design criteria of a double monopole, battery-less, individually addressable RF tag for all those applications where long working distances are required (objects localization, environmental sensing, etc.). The prototype is built with off-the-shelf components in a 92x95 mm 2 PCB design through low losses Rogers 4350 substrate. The proposed circuit implements two rectennas orthogonally oriented combined with matching and decoupling networks which guarantee a low-directive behavior for an orientation-independent usage of the tag. A micro-power management unit supplies the on-board ultra-low power circuitry. The node can power-up from a fully-discharge state with a 2W ERP source in the UHF 865-868 MHz band at 12 m of distance and operates at a maximum distance of 21.9 m with a sensitivity of -21 dBm.

Bacteria play important roles in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of dairy cattle as the communities are responsible for host health, growth and production performance. However, a systematic characterization and comparison of microbial communities in the GIT of cattle housed in different management units on a modern dairy are still lacking. In this study, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the fecal bacterial communities of 90 dairy cattle raised and housed in 12 clearly defined management units on a modern dairy farm. We found that α-diversity differed between several pairs of management units, especially between the hutch calves (management unit 1) and the other units except post weaned heifers (management unit 2). Although β-diversity revealed that most of the samples did not cluster according to their management unit membership except management unit 1, in which the samples grouped and separated from others, we observed three major clusters. Besides the hutch calves (management unit 1), most samples from the other 11 units formed two distinct clusters and the relative abundance of Patescibacteria might be the reason for the separation. Moreover, we identified 212 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) with relative abundances > 0.1% in more than 10% of the total samples that had significantly different abundances in these units. Furthermore, we found that, as the calves aged, 19 ASVs that were exclusively detected in unit 1, gradually degraded and never reoccurred in other management units. Lastly, we recognized 181 pairs of interactions between 61 ASVs with possibly strong synergistic or antagonistic relationships. These results suggest the enteric microbial communities of dairy cattle housed in different management units are quite dynamic.IMPORTANCEBacterial communities of GIT are crucial for ruminants, such as dairy cattle since they contribute to not only the cattle’s physiology and health but also milk production and food safety that are closely related to human health. Both scientifically and agriculturally, it is necessary to have deep insights into the composition and changes of the bacteria on modern dairy farms. In this study, we provided the profiles of fecal bacterial communities of dairy cattle in each management unit on a modern dairy and described how the enteric microbial communities changed across these management units. The findings have implications for improving animal health, dairy production, farm management, and food safety.

Knowing the relationship between the total suspended solids concentration (TSS), turbidity in the waters, and that turbidity analysis can be done faster and in less expensive way, this study aimed to obtain mathematical model to estimate the total suspended solids (TSS) concentration from the turbidity values for waters of Doce river basin. For this purpose, it was used the water quality database of the Minas Gerais Institute of Water Management (IGAM). The data were pre-treated using the adjusted boxplot technique followed by adjustment of curves for the different management units and rainfall regime period. It was verified the possibility of a single curve through the dummy variable technique, subsequently. With the results it was observed that the adjusted boxplot technique proved to be useful for environmental data. Linear relationships with R2 values, as a rule, were higher than 0.6, however, it was not possible to develop a single model. It is concluded that the generated models presented good adjustments being able to be used for predicting the concentration of TSS as a function of turbidity. However, each management unit in each period of rainfall regime presents particularities that were reflected in the prediction models.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:30:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-10-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The New World screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is an important livestock pest endemic to the Americas that has been eradicated from North and continental Central America with a control program based on the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). The establishment of target management units is a strategic step in the implementation of new control programs, which can be achieved using genetic studies of natural populations. Previous studies of New World screwworm fly populations were conducted on the continental scale and identified four main groups: two in South America and two in the Caribbean. However, studies within these groups are needed to determine which smaller geographic areas can be treated as management units. Here, we analyze the genetic variability distribution and the population demographic signals of the New World screwworm fly in a 6,000 km(2) area located along the border of Brazil and Uruguay.This area was the subject of the first control pilot program conducted in South America. We studied eight microsatellite loci and sequences from two mitochondrial DNA regions in individuals sampled at 20-25 livestock breeding farms. We observed no population structure and found high genetic variability on the geographical scale sampled for both molecular markers. Our microsatellite data suggest that these populations are not in equilibrium, and demographic analyses based on mitochondrial data indicate population expansion.These results suggest that this geographic scale is not adequate for future New World screwworm fly management in South America. Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Dept Genet Evolucao Microbiol & Imunol, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Programa Posgrad Genet & Biol Mol, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Ctr Biol Mol & Engn Genet, Av Candido Rondon 400, BR-13083875 Campinas, SP, Brazil Inst Pasteur Montevideo, Unidad Bioinformat, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil CNPq: 578231/2008-5 MAPA CNPq: 141777/2014-1

Introduction: Breastfeeding is one of the most natural and best forms of preventive medicine for the newborns. Lack of optimal breastfeeding contributes to about over million preventable child deaths every year. Despite numerous benefits of breastfeeding and continuous efforts to improve breastfeeding practices, breastfeeding rates are far from optimal. Problems faced by lactating mothers while breastfeeding are main reason leading to non-exclusive breastfeeding or early termination of breastfeeding. This descriptive study is aimed at examining breastfeeding problems among women visiting Lactation Management Unit [LMU] at Bhutan’s national referral hospital in Thimphu. Methods: Data of all 2751 women-infant pair visiting Lactation management unit of Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital with breastfeeding problems were double entered into Epi Data (version 3.1). Using STATA, descriptive statistical analyses were carried to examine common breastfeeding problems among the lactating mothers. Exclusive breastfeeding rates were also examined among the group. Results: The commonest types of breastfeeding problem were nipple sore (60.8%), incorrect breastfeeding techniques (12.9%), and nipple problems (8.2%). Teenage, first timers, caesarean delivery, preterm infants, underweight infants, and mothers with full time paid job were more likely to suffer from breastfeeding problems. Conclusion: Breastfeeding interventions for timely correction of breastfeeding techniques early in postnatal units could warrant prevention of up to 73.7% breastfeeding problems and thus, promoting exclusive breastfeeding and preventing early termination of breastfeeding.

This paper analyzes the spatial distribution of different soil types and soil systematic units in MU ?Doroslovacke sume?. The most common soil type is chernozem, primarily of calcalourus type. Research has shown that the soil types secondary in prevalance are calcalourus gleyed and brownized, which is a finding that significantly differs from the previously available data. Calcalourus variety of chernozem, which is characterized by its automorphic genesis and high content of CaCO3, is a drier site type and therefore offers less favourable conditions for cultivation of tree species. The analysys of spacial distribution was followed by study of soil properties.

O objetivo deste trabalho e aplicar uma abordagem geoecologica para avaliar as condicoes das areas ocupadas pelos 22 aterros de residuos solidos na UGRHI-22, assim como analisar se tais aterros atendem as restricoes legais vigentes. O metodo proposto consiste em duas grandes etapas: elaboracao de um mapa tematico para representar o estado geoecologico da UGRHI-22 e producao do mapa de restricao legal dos aterros. O mapa geoecologico e resultado da combinacao de diferentes componentes naturais da regiao, tais como a geologia, geomorfologia e pedologia, aos quais foram aplicados diferentes pesos, resultando em cinco classes de estado geoecologico: homeostatico; moderado-homeostatico; intermediario; moderado-fragilizado e fragilizado. Para o mapeamento das restricoes legais dos aterros, foram aplicadas leis e portarias relacionadas, como distâncias minimas de populacoes, colecoes hidricas e da seguranca aeroportuaria, e outros. Os resultados apontam que, atualmente, 40% dos aterros em operacao na UGRHI-22 encontram-se em areas de classes geoecologicas pouco ou nao recomendadas, bem como nao estao de acordo com os parâmetros legais exigidos. Conclui-se que a abordagem da geoecologia viabiliza o estudo das consequencias da disposicao incorreta dos residuos solidos, por relacionar, dentre outros, aspectos pedologicos, geologicos e geomorfologicos da regiao. A B S T R A C T The objective of this study was to apply a geoecological approach to evaluate the conditions of the areas occupied by the 22 solid waste landfills located in Water Resources Management Unit (UGRHI) 22, to analyze if these landfills meet current legal restrictions. The method proposed consists of two main stages: creating a thematic map to represent the geoecological state of the UGRHI-22 and producing a legal restriction map of the landfills. The geoecological map results based on the combination of different natural components of the region, such as geology, geomorphology and pedology, applied with different weights, resulting in five classes of geoecological states: homeostatic; moderate-homeostatic; intermediate; moderate-fragile and fragile. For mapping the legal restrictions on landfills, we applied laws and related ordinances such as minimal distances of urban areas, water bodies, airport security, highways and conservation units. Results show 50% of the landfills operating in UGRHI-22 are in areas of lesser or not recommended geoecological classes and not in accordance with the required legal standards. We concluded that the geoecological approach enables the study of the consequences of the solid waste improper disposal by relating soil geological and geomorphological aspects of the region. Keywords: thematic map; geoecological state; solid waste landfills; environment.

Assessing a species’ threatened status and then developing specific conservation strategies accordingly rely heavily on knowing that species’ complete and accurate spatial distribution. In this study, we used the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in China to represent a large threatened species for which distribution information is limited and spatially biased. We grouped the two main sources of black bear occurrence data into two different resolutions: (1) coarse resolution data corresponding specific management units (e.g., nature reserves) that cover large areas, and (2) fine resolution data composed of longitude and latitude records that were bias in their geographic range. Our distribution mapping approach integrated those two data types to examine black bear spatial patterns across the country. We used both presence and absence data in the Random Forest algorithm to predict black bear distribution at coarse (30 km) and fine (3 km) resolutions, and then refined the coarse-scale prediction with the fine-scale prediction using a map fusion technique based on the Bayes theorem. We thus generated an integrated high-resolution range map that was both more accurate than the coarse-scale map and more representative of the black bear geographic range than was the fine-scale map. Our results showed that the total estimated range of Asiatic black bears in China was 462.3 × 103 km2, 77.50% less than the most recent IUCN range map and 70.90% less than the area of habitat (AOH) estimation. Using those results, we identified two island and six mainland management units in China and, based on the predicted habitat conditions, proposed specific conservation strategies for each unit. Our study results provide practical knowledge and pragmatic guidance for future conservation planning and action for this species, and our framework provides an example and template for range estimations of species with similar types of occurrence records.

Atualmente, cerca de dois bilhões de pessoas carecem de acesso à água de qualidade. No Brasil, tal situação é agravada por questões geográficas, adensamento populacional e poluição. Considerando que a bacia hidrográfica é a unidade de planejamento ambiental no Brasil, pressupõe-se que a realização de seu manejo de forma adequada e aplicação das políticas correlacionadas favorecem a promoção dos usos múltiplos da água. O presente artigo visa fornecer uma visão geral da gestão de recursos hídricos, adotando a bacia hidrográfica como unidade de manejo, abordando aspectos básicos ligados aos recursos hídricos, o histórico do sistema de gestão de recursos hídricos brasileiro e apontar elementos que podem ser empregados no manejo de bacias hidrográficas. Os esforços destinados à gestão dos recursos hídricos no Brasil se iniciaram em 1934, o manejo das bacias hidrográficas deve ser pautado na implementação de estratégias conservacionistas, do saneamento ambiental e da promoção da articulação entre os instrumentos existentes. O processo de gerenciamento deve envolver todos os interessados e os recursos arrecadados com a cobrança pelo uso da água devem favorecer a condução das ações nas bacias hidrográficas. O Grau de Hemerobia consiste em uma ferramenta útil para verificar a influência da paisagem sobre a qualidade da água e eventuais desregulações dos ecossistemas. Water resource management and hydrographic basin management in Brazil: basic elements, historic and strategies A B S T R A C TCurrently, about two billion people lack access to quality water. In Brazil, this situation is aggravated by geographical issues, population density, and pollution. Considering that the hydrographic basin is the environmental planning unit in Brazil, we assumed that the performance of its management in an appropriate manner and application of related policies favors the promotion of multiple water uses. This article aims to provide an overview of water resources management, adopting the hydrographic basin as a management unit, addressing basic aspects related to water resources, the historic of the Brazilian water resource management system and pointing out elements that can be used in the management of hydrographic basins. Efforts destined to the water resources management in Brazil began in 1934, the management of hydrographic basins must be guided by the implementation of conservationist strategies, the implementation of environmental sanitation and promoting the articulation between the existing instruments. The management process needs to involve all stakeholders and the resources collected from charging for the use of water favors the conduct of actions in hydrographic basins. The Hemeroby Degree is a useful tool for verifying the influence of the landscape on water quality and possible deregulation of the ecosystems.Keywords: Aquatic Ecosystems; Management; Planning; Environmental Policy.

// Yiran Wang 2, 4, * , Qijin Wang 3,* , Xianzhao Wei 1 , Jie Shao 1 , Jian Zhao 1 , Zicheng Zhang 4 , Ziqiang Chen 1 , Yushu Bai 1 , Ning Wang 2 , Yajie Wang 2 , Ming Li 1 and Xiao Zhai 1 1 Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 2 Department of Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 3 Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China 4 Graduate Management Unit, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Xiao Zhai, email: zhaixiao@smmu.edu.cn Ming Li, email: limingchspine@126.com Keywords: bibliometric, citation, H-index, exosome, VOSviewer Abbreviations: MCF: Michigan Cancer Foundation - 7 Received: February 04, 2017 Accepted: March 22, 2017 Published: April 19, 2017 ABSTRACT Background: Exosomes are small vesicles of endosomal origin, and they can be used for the diagnosis and the treatment. However, limited data were for the evaluation of the trend of exosome researches. This study aims to investigate the trend of exosome researches and compare the contribution of research from different regions, organizations and authors. Methods: Exosome related publications from 2007 to 2016 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. Excel, GraphPad Prism 5 and VOSviewer software were used to analyze the research trend. Results: A total of 1852 papers were identified and were cited 62967 times. The United States accounted for 38.8% of the articles, 42.0% of the citations, and the highest H-index (76). China ranked the second in the number of articles, but the sixth in citation frequency (4337) and the fourth in H-index (36). The journals, PLoS ONE and J Biol Chem had the highest number of publications. The author, Gabrielsson S., has published the most papers in this field (22). The keyword “ribonucleic acid” was mentioned the most at 746 times, and the words, “stem cell”, “drug resistance” and “monocyte cell factor” were the latest hotspots appeared around 2015. Conclusion: Literature growth related to exosome is expanding rapidly. The quality of the articles from China still requires improvement. Recent studies focus on the relationship with tumor, and “stem cell”, “drug resistance” and “michigan cancer foundation-7” may be the newest topics that should be closely followed in exosome research.

Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Unit: T-638 Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Unit: T-638

Among 186 retrospectively evaluated patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, 33.9% were cured, 6.6% completed treatment, 25% died, 18.3% were lost to follow-up, 2.2% failed treatment, and 13.8% were still undergoing treatment by the end of the study period. Rural residence was a risk factor for loss to follow-up (odds ratio [OR], 3.315; P = .016), whereas baseline body weight40 kg (OR, 2.175; P = .042) and resistance to ofloxacin (OR, 2.889; P = .025) were risk factors for death. Despite programmatic management, treatment outcomes of the current cohort were distressing.

This paper proposes a digital battery management unit (BMU) with built-in resistance (BIR) compensation and accidental mutation protection (AMP) techniques to achieve fast and accurate charging, which applied in LDO-based charger. The digital compensation dynamically estimates the BIR. The battery can get fully charged with large rated charging current in pulsed constant current (PCC) mode and effectively reduced the charging time. AMP calibrates the mutate messages automatically to deal with some unexpected situations and guarantee the steady operation for the compensation module. The BMU is fabricated in 28 nm CMOS, occupies 0.014 mm2 of silicon area. Experimental results show that 73.3% charging time is reduced with 1.5A charging current. The power consumption of the digital chip is 59.1 µW.

Due to their characteristics, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are natural candidates to be integrated to the Internet of Things (IoT). However, offering UAV services through the IoT and Cloud Computing is not an easy task. Resources and services made available to clients need to be properly identified and registered; the UAV must be prepared to provide services autonomously to both human and machine clients, which can be very heterogeneous regarding to computational and networking resources; information security and data privacy must be taken into account. In this paper, we present the Service Exchange Management Unit (SEMU), a service provision platform for UAVs that aims to support service exchange taking into account portability and security issues. The platform design and operation are outlined, exposing how SEMU can support UAVs and other types of vehicles to provide services to each other and to external clients, making it possible for them to be integrated in the IoT.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, also known as HER1) and HER2, prominent members of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) superfamily, have been reported as diagnostic or prognostic markers in tumor progression. Based on the importance of molecular hybridization of pyrazoline and thiazole scaffolds in the discovery of potent anticancer agents, new thiazolyl-pyrazoline derivatives (3a-v) were synthesized and screened for their cytotoxic effects on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma, MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma and A375 human melanoma cell lines. 1-(4-(4-Fluorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-(4-morpholinophenyl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyrazoline (3c),1-(4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-(4-morpholinophenyl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyrazoline (3f) and 1-(4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-(4-piperidinophenyl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyrazoline (3q) were found as the most potent anticancer agents against A549 and MCF-7 cell lines compared to erlotinib. Compound 3q also showed moderate cytotoxic activity against A375 cell line. Moreover, these compounds exert a cancer cell–selective action against Jurkat cell line posing no toxicity on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In order to enlighten the mechanism of action underlying anticancer activity, compounds 3c, 3f and 3q were investigated for their apoptotic effects on A549 and MCF-7 cell lines and inhibitory potencies against eight different RTKs including EGFR and HER2 compared to erlotinib. The results indicated that compounds 3f and 3q induced apoptosis in both cell lines and showed significant EGFR inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 4.34 ± 0.66 µM and 4.71 ± 0.84 µM, respectively when compared with erlotinib (IC50 = 0.05 ± 0.01 µM). Besides, compound 3f also inhibited HER2 notably with an IC50 value of 2.28 ± 0.53 µM making it a dual EGFR and HER2 inhibitor. Molecular docking studies, which were conducted to support the in vitro assays, pointed out that compound 3f showed high affinity into the ATP binding sites of EGFR and HER2, Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Unit, FÃ?BAP: 1707S449, A549, 24659048, MCF-7, This study was supported by Anadolu University Scientific Research Projects Commission under the grant no: 1707S449 and the Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research to M.O. ( 24659048 ). A549 and MCF-7?cells were provided by the RIKEN BRC through the National Bio-Resource Project of the MEXT/AMED, Japan. Appendix A