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TREND XXVI Skup trendovi razvoja: inovacije u modernom obrazovanju

XXV Skup Trendovi razvoja, Kvalitet visokog obrazovanja

XXV Skup Trendovi razvoja, Kvalitet visokog obrazovanja

Preventivni, stimulativni i korektivni rad u specijalnoj edukaciji i rehabilitaciji

Savremeni pristupi u profesionalnom razvoju i radu vaspitača i učitelja

School curriculum and environment, as well as teachers, special educators and parents play an important role in scaffolding creative development of young people. Parents, teachers and special educators utilize their knowledge of implicit theories of creativity and by interacting with children in different manners they influence the child's personal development, and especially the child's creativity. We started with the premise that all individuals have, in a varying degree, potential for creativity and by reviewing literature that focuses on implicit theories of creativity in special educators we found that non-such studies exist in our region. With this in mind the aim of the study was to determine the implicit creativity theories of special educators and teachers that work in schools and special education schools. An additional goal was to examination the relationship between sociodemographic variables (residence, sex, age, occupation, type of school, level of education) and formed implicit theories. We interviewed 62 subjects, 33 teachers and 29 special educators. For the purpose of this study we used a modified version of Implicit Theory of Creativity Scale. A majority of our subjects believe that the school setting can influence the development of creativity in children to a great extent. In terms of concrete contribution to the development of creativity the school climate is defined as the most frequent answer, then the stimulating teaching activities. There is almost a unique perception of creative and desirable qualities, independent of gender, education and age. The distinguished difference was found between special educators and teachers and it relates to the difference in the perception of the least characteristic features of the creative personality. Therefore, teachers should have training in scaffolding creativity in children based on scientifically based evidence. Školski nastavni program i okruženje, defektolozi, nastavnici i roditelji igraju značajnu ulogu u kreativnom razvoju mladih ljudi. Roditelji, defektolozi i nastavnici svojim očekivanjima nastalim na osnovu implicitnih teorija kreativnosti i načinom i vrstom interakcije sa detetom, utiču na lični razvoj a posebno na razvoj kreativnosti kod deteta. Imajući u vidu da potencijal za kreativno ponašanje poseduju sve individue u različitom stepenu kao i da pregledom dostupne literature nismo naišli na izučavanje implicitnih teorija kreativnosti kod defektologa osmišljen je cilj ovog istraživanja kao ispitivanje implicitnih teorija kreativnosti kod defektologa i nastavnika koji rade u redovnim i školama za decu sa smetnjama u razvoju, kao i ispitivanje odnosa sociodemografskih varijabli (prebivalište, pol, starost, zanimanje, tip ustanove, stepen obrazovanja) sa formiranim implicitnim teorijama. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 62 ispitanika, od toga 33 nastavnika. Korišćena je skala za ispitivanje implicitnih teorija kreativnosti kao i odnosa kreativnosti i poželjnosti. Na ispitanom uzorku nastavnika i defektologa preovladava uverenje da škola može podstaći kreativnost u velikoj meri. U pogledu konkretnog doprinosa razvoju kreativnosti izdvajaju se školska klima, kao najfrekventniji odgovor, zatim podsticajne nastavne aktivnosti. Na našem uzorku postoji skoro jedinstvena percepcija kreativnih i poželjnih osobina, nezavisna od pola, obrazovanja i godina starosti. Izdvojena razlika odnosi se na razliku u percepciji najmanje karakterističnih osobina kreativne ličnosti i dobijena u odnosu na profesiju. Stoga, nastavnici treba da budu obučeni za praktičnu nastavu i učenje koje promoviše razvoj kreativnosti a koje se zasniva na empirijskim istraživanjima.

ATAAC

This paper treats the attention and behavioral problems of the children with intellectual disabilities in their situation of education. The sample was formed of 124 children with mild intellectual disabilities, both gender distributions, calendar age from 8 do 13,5 years who are attending elementary schools in Belgrade. We implemented the IOWA Conners Rating Scale for teachers in the identification of the frequency of emotional and social disabilities in tested sample. Luria-Nebrasca battery for children was implemented for testing the abilities of reading and matching. The results of research indicate the presence of different kind and types of behavioral disorders in the tested sample and their relationship with school achievement. The conclusion is based upon the state about the necessity of implementation of the multimodal oriented approach to this various kind of behavioral and school problems. U radu je tretiran problem bihevioralnog funkcionisanja i pažnje dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću u uslovima edukacije. Obuvaćena su 124 ispitanika sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću, oba pola, kalendarskog uzrasta od 8 do 13,5 godina, koji pohađaju osnovne škole u Beogradu. Za procenu ponašanja primenjena je IOWA Conners skala procene ponašanja za učitelje koja daje uvid u najfrekventnije i najučestalije tipove bihevioralnih smetnji i smetnji pažnje kod dece sa različitom intelektualnom ometenošću. Takođe su procenjene školske sposobnosti čitanja i matematičkog mišljenja baterijom Lurija-Nebraska za decu. Rezultatima je ukazano na prisustvo različitih tipova socijalnih i emocionalnih smetnji i školskih poremećaja koji zahtevaju primenu multimodalno orijentisanog pristupa tretmanu problema uočenih u ovoj populaciji.

Development of psycho - oncology made an conceptual frame of the special education and rehabilitation (defectology), viewed as the modern discipline with new achievement and goals. This point out the modern techniques and methods of the work with patients with cancer diseases, based on the multidisciplinary approach and team work, where the professional role of the special educator is the central role in the team work. This means that special education and rehabilitation, as the scientific and practical discipline has to define new methods and techniques of work and treatment with the clients with cancer disease. Final remarks point up the new professional strategies of the special education and rehabilitation in the area of psycho- oncology. Razvoj psihoonkologije postavlja pred savremenu defektologiju zahtev za definisanjem profesionalnih kompetencija defektologa u pravcu primene defektoloških metoda i tehnika rada u tretman onkoloških pacijenata i proširivanje profesionalnih kompetencija defektologa u tom smislu koje vode ka čvršćoj saradnji sa multidsciplinarnim timom stručnjaka i multimodalno orijentisanoj profesionalnoj ulozi defektologa. U radu su razmatrane mogućnosti profesionalnog angažovanja defektologa u edukaciji, rehabilitaciji, kao i prevenciji i tretmanu onkoloških pacijenata i oboljenja sa aspekta novijih naučnih i stručnih dostignuća. Finalna razmatranja ukazuju na konkretne tehnike i metode rada, primenljive u ovim uslovima profesionalnog angažovanja defektologa.

The paper treats conceptual functioning of the children with intellectual disabilities in the situation of their education. The sample was formed of 124 children with mild intellectual disabilities, both gender distribution and calendar distribution from 8 to 13,6 years. We implemented the TCU test and LNNB-C battery for testing the cognitive abilities of the sample. Results point out the specificities of the cognitive functions of the tested children which point up the necessity of implementations of new treatment strategies. Rad tretira problematiku pojmovno-verbalnog, odnosno opšteg konceptualnog funkcionisanja dece sa intelektualnom ometenošću u uslovima edukacije, tipične za naše sredinsko okruženje. Uzorak je bio 124 ispitanika sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću, oba pola, kalendarskog uzrasta od 8 do 13,5 godina, učenika osnovnih škola sa teritorije Beograda. U metodologiji je primenjen TCU test procene pojmovno-verbalnih sposobnosti (Test of Concept Utilization, Crager and Lane, 1986) i skale pisanja i matematičkog mišljenja baterije Lurija- Nebraska za decu (Golden, 1987). Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na statistički značajnu povezanost između ispitivanih konceptualnih kategorija i školskog postignuća ispitanika u uzorku, posmatranog kroz uspešnost u matematičkom mišljenju i pisanju. Finalna razmatranja obuhvataju stav o potrebi primene savremenih metodskih pristupa obrazovanju i rehabilitaciji ove dece i koncipiranju IEP i ITP (individualnih edukativnih planova i individualnih trening planova) kao i potrebi uvođenja novih metoda rada (Montesori metod, kompjuterska edukacija i rehabilitacija, metod senzomotorne integracije, terapija pokretom i sl.).

This paper treats the problem of the socio-emotional functioning of the children with intellectual disabilities in their standard situation of education. The sample was formed of 124 children with mild intellectual disabilities, both gender distributions, calendar age from 8 to 13, 5 years who are attending elementary schools in Belgrade. We implemented the Conners Rating Scale (Conners, K.,1997) for identification the frequency of emotional and social disabilities in tested sample. The results of research indicate the presence of different kind and types of behavioral disorders in the tested sample and their relationship with school achievement. The conclusion is based upon the state about the necessity of implementation the multimodal oriented approach to this various kind of behavioral problems. U radu je tretiran problem socijalnog i emocionalnog funkcionisanja dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću u uslovima njihove standardne situacije edukacije. Obuhvaćena su 124 ispitanika sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću, oba pola, kalendarskog uzrasta od 8 do 13,5 godina osnovnih škola u Beogradu. Za procenu ponašanja primenjena je Conners skala procene ponašanja (Conners, K., 1969, 1999) koja daje uvid u najfrekventnije i najučestalije tipove emocionalnih i bihevioralnih smetnji kod dece sa različitim razvojnim smetnjama. Rezultatima je ukazano na prisustvo različitih tipova socijalno-emocionalnih smetnji i poremećaja koji zahtevaju primenu multimodalno orijentisanog pristupa kao osnove tretmana uočenih problema u ovoj populaciji.

The problem of the research is based on the theoretical explanations of the significance of the theory of Jerome Bruner for the education and learning. We point out the basic aspects of learning throw the acquisition of concepts and selections the strategies and factors important for learning important for special education and rehabilitation same as for pedagogy and teaching in general. The theory of development is treated throw the frame of understanding the nature of developmental disabilities same as intellectual disabilities. The basic postulates of constructivism theory are observed throw the relation with acquisition of knowledge, abilities and habits, important for education processes. Final conclusion is based on the critical opinion of the authors of the study about the significance of this theory in understanding the nature of education and learning. U radu su prikazana razmatranja teorijske koncepcije Džeroma Brunera sa aspekta značaja primene ove teorije u nastavi i učenju. Ukazano je na osnovne aspekte definisanja učenja kroz sticanje znanja i izbor strategija i faktora učenja važnih sa aspekta specijalne edukacije i rehabilitacije kao i pedagogije i nastave uopšte. Takođe je razmatrana teorija razvoja bitna za razumevanje problema ometenosti razvoja i intelektualne ometenosti, a osnovni teorijski postulati konstruktivizma posmatrani su u relaciji sa formiranjem znanja, veština i navika kao bitnih pokazatelja obrazovanja. Finalna razmatranja bazirana su na kritičkom prilazu ovoj teoriji i sagledavanju njenog doprinosa razumevanju nastave i učenja.

Kognitivne i adaptivne sposobnosti dece sa intelektualnom ometenošću

Introduction: This study focused on the strategies of practical activities implementation in children with intellectual disabilities, aimed at encouraging and rehabilitation of neurophysiological processes of attention, behavior and cognition. Subject: This study was aimed at children with mild intellectual disabilities and it shed a light on their cognitive and behavioral functioning, in relation to different aspects of the applied treatment strategies. Material and Methods: The study sample consisted of 124 examinees with mild intellectual disability of both sexes, aged from 8 to 13 years, from primary schools in Belgrade. In this research we applied the Trial Making Test (TMT; Reitan, 1971) for attention assessment, the IOWA Conners' Rating Scale for Children for behavior assessment, while for the assessment of cognitive function, the Test of Concept Utilization (TCU; Crager & Lane, 1989) was administered. Results: The results indicate the presence of developmental disabilities in the examined areas in more than 50% of the surveyed children and a high statistically significant correlation between the applied treatment modalities and tested abilities and functions (r = 0.52-0.59, df lt 0.01). The study points out the necessity of implementing the multimodal oriented approach: team work of professionals and non-professionals (cooperation between professionals and parents), complementary treatment (medical and special treatment, psychosocial interventions, combination of treatment strategies), psychotherapy and psychopharmacotherapy when necessary, as well as special education rehabilitation, based on individual educational programs and individual training programs (IEP and ITP). Conclusion: In the conclusion we proposed new treatment strategies with an emphasis on the special rehabilitation treatment.

The objective of this study was to assess the level of Burnout syndrome (BOS) among special educators in Serbia and to investigate the relationship between demographic characteristics (gender, age, years of working experience, parental status etc.) and syndromic burden. The complexity of problems in working with persons with developmental disabilities, slow rehabilitation process, and frequent discrepancy between the achievable results and parental expectations of children with disabilities, are some of the factors that additionally burden professionals who deal with this delicate population. Data were collected by surveying 129 professionals in six institutions in five cities in Serbia. Each participant filled the questionnaire in voluntarily, anonymous fashion. Data were collected by Maslach Burnout Inventory (adjusted Croatian translation) which measures BOS level presence and with a series of survey questions, which enquired the main demographic information (age, gender, martial status, years of practice, parental status etc.) Respondents gave answers to Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human service survey. According to our findings, a high level of emotional exhaustion was present among 35.7% of examinees, a high level of reduced professional accomplishment was present in 11.6% of examinees, while 1.6% of examinees exhibited elements of depersonalisation. Examinees financial situation proved to be a particularly important factor for Burnout syndrome manifestation. Even though clearly confirmed amongst special educators in Serbia, the Burnout syndrome represents a phenomenon. Possible reflections of such phenomenon are not acknowledged on a wider scale. Even though 92% of the respondents in the conducted study believe that there should be some sort of support program and stress management program for employees, these programs do not exist in any institution for persons with developmental disabilities in Serbia.

The paper treats the possibility of implementation the new methods of treatment in population of children with intellectual disability and hearing impairments. In this study we try to find out what are the relationships between implemented method of reeducation of psychomotor ability and cognitive functions with school achievement in sample treated with this method of treatment. We try to find out what are the possible methods which can be implemented in rehabilitation and education of tested children. The sample was formed of 124 school aged children with mild intellectual disabilities, both gender distribution, chronologically distributed from 8 to 13.5 years. Special educational diagnostic procedures were implemented in testing abilities such as attention, visuo-spatial abilities, motor functions, behavior and school achievement of children with intellectual disabilities. Results point out the high statistically relationship between the tested variables and implemented treatment. We conclude about the necessity of implementation the new method of treatment such as computer treatment, educational workshops, sensory motor method, dance and movement therapy, etc. in children with intellectual disabilities same as in the children with hearing impairments. Bazični cilj istraživanja se odnosi na utvrđivanje uticaja primenjenog tretmana na kvalitet i stepen razvijenosti neuropsiholoških funkcija različitog stepena složenosti, kao osnove učenja i školskog postignuća dece sa intelektualnom ometenošću. Kao osnova za procenu efekata primenjenog tretmana postavljene su konceptualne i perceptivno-motorne sposobnosti, verbalne funkcije i funkcije pažnje kao i sposobnosti učenja i adaptivnog ponašanja dece s lakom intelektualnom ometenošću u uslovima njihove edukacije standardne za naše sredinsko okruženje. Praktični cilj istraživanja ogleda se u mogućnostima procene efekata primenjenog tretmana na opšti razvojni potencijal i sposobnosti učenja, odnosno saznajne efikasnosti ispitane dece. Praktični cilj takođe je realizovan kroz komparativnu analizu ovih rezultata sa postignućem dece sa oštećenjem sluha u pojedinim razvojnim domenima. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na statistički visoko signifikantnu povezanost primenjenog tretmana reedukacije psihomotorike i ispitanih sposobnosti i funkcija, naročito u domenu čitanja, motornih funkcija, ponašanja i školskog uspeha. Zaključak je baziran na stavu da je primenom različitih metoda i individualno formulisanim programima rehabilitacije, u kojima ključno mesto zauzima defektolog, moguće poboljšati efekte primenjenog tretmana, kako u inkluzivnim tako i u ekskluzivnim uslovima edukacije dece sa različitim vrstama razvojnih smetnji. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 179025: Kreiranje protokola za procenu edukativnih potencijala dece sa smetnjama u razvoju kao kriterijuma za izradu individualnih obrazovnih programa.

Dani defektologa Srbije

The problem of this research project is based on the theoretical explanations of the significance of the problem of practical definitions future empirical strategies and conception of special education and rehabilitation. The paper also discuses the trend of analyses concepts of different authors for the research problem. This type of descriptive studies are illustrated in comparation of the defined problem, implemented instruments, tested sample of the research project and in comparation of the key findings and final conclusion remarks. Uvodni stavovi autora istraživanja baziraju se na teorijskom razmatranju značaja ispitanog problema za praktično definisanje pravaca buduće empirijske koncepcije specijalne edukacije i rehabilitacije kao i analize trenda kretanja interesovanja različitih autora za ispitivani problem. Deskriptivne studije ovog tipa prikazane su u odnosu na definisani problem, primenjeni instrumentarijum procene istraživačkog problema, uzorak na kome je istraživanje izvedeno kao i u odnosu na ključne rezultate i finalne pravce zaključnih razmatranja. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 179025: Kreiranje protokola za procenu edukativnih potencijala dece sa smetnjama u razvoju kao kriterijuma za izradu individualnih obrazovnih programa.

Occupational stress as a state of long-term stress leads to physiological, psychosomatic and psychological reactions which results in deterioration of health conditions, mental and physical fatigue and deterioration in the quality of professional engagement. Occupational stress in a profession in which among others include professional educators and teachers, educators, therapists and psychologists leads to saturation of professional and combustion (so-called burnout syndrome). This syndrome is manifested by the range of reactions that range from the gradual loss of energy and the incidence of resistance to work, then the resistance to individuals covered by the education and treatment, the incidence of resistance and lack of cooperation with colleagues. The author presents the results of previous studies that form the basis of description of distribution, treatment and prevention of BOS in risky professions. Final discussion focused on strategies to overcome and prevent the emergence of professional combustion, and expansion of professional skills of experts in education in this field. Profesionalni stres kao stanje dugotrajne napetosti dovodi do fizioloških, psihosomatskih i psiholoških reakcija čija je posledica pogoršanje zdravstvenog stanja, psihička i fizička iscrpljenost kao i pogoršanje kvaliteta profesionalnog angažovanja. Profesionalni stres kod profesija u koje pored drugih spadaju i profesije vaspitača i nastavnika, pedagoga, defektologa i psihologa dovodi do profesionalnog zasićenja i sagorevanja (tzv. burnout syndrome). Ovaj sindrom manifestuje se kroz opseg različitih reakcija koje se kreću od postepenog nestanka energije i javljanja otpora prema poslu, zatim otpora prema osobama koje su obuhvaćene edukacijom i tretmanom, do javljanja otpora i nemogućnosti saradnje sa kolegama. U radu se prezentuju rezultati dosadašnjih istraživanja koja predstavljaju osnovu deskripcije rasprostranjenosti, tretmana i prevencije sindroma sagorevanja u rizičnim profesijama. Finalna razmatranja fokusirana su na strategije savladavanja i sprečavanja nastanka profesionalnog sagorevanja, kao i proširivanja profesionalnih kompetencija stručnjaka u obrazovanju u ovoj oblasti.

This paper is aimed at depicting the quality of functions of some of the aspects of attention in children with mild intellectual disabilities and their influence on the mastering of arithmetic operations, including addition and subtraction. The sample used in this study encompasses 60 pupils, both males and females. The criteria used in the selection of examinees included the IQ level of the students which ranged from 50 - 69, calendar age from 12 to 14 years, school age which involved the inclusion of pupils attending grades five to seven of primary school in Serbia. To evaluate the quality of attention in our study we used the Trail Making Test form A and the Double Letter Cancellation Test, whilst a Criterion-referenced test was used to evaluate how well the specified body of knowledge, in this case arithmetic operations i.e. addition and subtraction were learned by the pupils. The implications of the study pertain to the proposal of implementing specific, creative activities and exercise during play, concrete contents, demonstration, experiments and teaching resources susceptible for teaching arithmetic.

The development of thinking structures in children has a significant influence on their mastering of mathematical concepts. The appearance of concrete logical thinking and its indicators (conservation concepts) influence positive school achievement regarding mathematical contents. By shaping the formal operations which represent the final and supreme phase of cognitive development, the most complex forms of conservations become available. Combinatorics is a feature which belongs to the last phase of cognitive development; it represents the generalization of the operations acquired in the concrete operational stage. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the development of the operational thinking structures in relation to concrete logical operations (using the conservation of number, length, mass and volume) and formal operations (using combinatorics) as well as their influence on the mathematical achievement in students with mild intellectual disabilities at an later school age. For the purpose of this study we have collected a sample of 120 students of both sexes with mild intellectual disabilities. The subjects were 12 to 15-year-old, corresponding to the school age of fifth to eighth graders. Standard Piaget's conservation tasks (the assessment of number, length, mass and volume) and combinatorics have been used for the evaluation of the operational thinking. The mastery of mathematical contents was evaluated by means of a Criterium knowledge test constructed for the purposes of this study. The results have shown statistically significant differences in the mathematical Criterium knowledge test achievement among the students in our population sample, regarding the attained level of operational thinking on all tasks that have been used. Piaget's theory argues for the application of games that support reversibility, identity and conservation, which makes mathematical thinking more compliant, more active, broader, deeper, and more original.

World Conference on Psychology, Counselling & Guidance

The article shown presents an attempt to clarify (lighten up) the importance of professional stress and the burnout syndrome in professionals working on the institutional treatment of juvenile delinquents, as well as the possible implications of this complex phenomenon. In that relation, beside the theoretical elaboration of the mentioned problem, the article will present results of the research which included 59 professionals from 5 institutions of the mentioned type in the territory of Serbia. The application of the Maslach Burnout Inventory resulted in getting evidence that over 37% of employees demonstrate high level of emotional exhaustion, as well as substantial sense of being under burden when depersonalization and personal professional achievements are concerned. Beside conclusions brought at the entire model level, tests have been made too of the correlative importance of specific variables in relation to the syndrome demonstration. In that context the article gives a summary of results achieved by professionals observed in relation to the following criteria: sex, housing situation and possible presence of chronic, organic diseases or invalidity. Finally, in the article will be mentioned some possible forms of action in the direction of prevention and resolution of the said phenomenon. Prikazani rad predstavlja pokušaj osvetljavanja značaja profesionalnog stresa, te sindroma sagorevanja kod profesionalaca koji rade u zavodskom tretmanu maloletnih delinkvenata, kao i mogućih implikacija ove složene pojave. U tom smislu, pored teorijske elaboracije navedene problematike, u radu će biti prikazani i rezultati istraživanja koje je obuhvatilo 59 stručnjaka u 5 ustanova navedenog tipa na teritoriji Srbije. Primenom Maslach Burnout Inventory, dobijeni su rezultati koji svedoče da preko 37% zaposlenih pokazuje emocionalnu iscrpljenost visokog nivoa, kao i značajno opterećenje u dimenziji depersonalizacije i ličnog profesionalnog postignuća. Osim zaključaka na nivou celokupnog uzorka, vršena je i provera korelativnog značaja specifičnih varijabli, a prema sindromskom ispoljavanju. U tom kontekstu, u radu su prikazani rezultati profesionalaca posmatrani u odnosu na polnu pripadnost, rešenost stambenog pitanja, kao i prisustvo hroničnih, organskih bolesti ili invaliditeta. Konačno, u radu će se prikazati i mogući oblici delovanja u smeru preveniranja i kupiranja pomenute pojave.

Smetnje i poremećaji: Fenomenologija, prevencija i tretman deo I

Dani defektologa Srbije

Although computer technology takes the most prevalent role in the educational environment nowadays in many cases it is not available for the children with intellectual disabilities. In this paper we consider a number of difficulties which among others cause this phenomenon. It also gives an overview of world-class research and local environment research, concerning the appropriateness of using computer technology in the education of children with intellectual disabilities. As well as examines the characteristics of these children, activated with proper using computer technology. Compared to traditional teaching, success is achieved in several functional domains during this stimulation. Iako računarska tehnologija zauzima prevalentnu ulogu u edukacijskom okruženju danas, u mnogim slučajevima, deci s intelektualnom ometenošću ona nije dostupna. U radu se razmatra niz poteškoća koji, između ostalih, uzrokuju ovu pojavu. Takođe, daje se pregled istraživanja u svetu i u našoj sredini, koja se odnose na svrsishodnost korišćenja računarske tehnologije u edukaciji dece s intelektualnom ometenošću, razmatraju se karakteristike ove dece koje se pokreću korišćenjem adekvatne stimulacije računarskom tehnologijom i uspešnost u nekoliko funkcionalnih oblasti koja se postiže pri toj stimulaciji u odnosu na tradicionalnu nastavu.

Dani defektologa Srbije

Empirijska istraživanja u psihologiji

Dani defektologa Srbije

The paper presents different aspects of implementation of the Montesory method in education and rehabilitation for prevention of the burnout syndrome as the syndrome which influences the professional activity and competency of much professions such as education, rehabilitation and nursery The paper points out the significant topics of the method and the possibility to create new educational settings reflected in historical aspects, the nature of science and Montesori materials without symptoms of stress and trauma. It also points out the possibility to change the traditional methods of working with different populations of children. U radu je prikazan Montesori metod u osnovnim postavkama koje čine njegovu profesionalnu suštinu i značenje važnim za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju. U finalnim razmatranjima istaknut je značaj ovog metoda kao jednog od mogućih načina prevladavanja problema profesionalnog sagorevanja kao sindroma novijeg datuma koji se vezuje i za profesije u oblasti pedagogije i specijalne edukacije i rehabilitacije kao profesije koje su podložne pojavi stresnih i traumatskih reakcija. O tome je do sada nedovoljno pisano u našoj sredini pa je u radu u osnovnim naznakama data struktura i suština ovog metodskog pristupa, sa osnovnim osvrtom na istorijski razvoj, prirodu obrazovnog procesa kao i osvrtom na razvojne smetnje i njihove posledice u radu sa različitom populacijom dece u odnosu na tradiconalne profesionalne koncepte angažovanja kao dominantne u ovoj oblasti.

XXVII CINP Congress

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of implementing the treatment of reeducation of psychomotor activity on learning cappabilities, behavior and school achievement of children with mild intellectual disability. The practical aim of the study is to determine the effects of the implemented treatment on cognitive efficiency of tested children. The sample consists of 124 school age examinees with mild intellectual disabilities. We implemented the instruments such as: Luria-Nebrasca Battery for Children (Golden, 1987), Trail Making Test (Reitan, 1971), and Conners Behavior Assessment Scale (Keith Conners, 1969). The statistical method includes implementation of the Chi square test and ö coefficient of correlation. The results point out high statistical significance of the tested variables such as learning capabilities, behavior and implemented treatment. The conclusion points out the significance of implementation of various kinds of treatment and multimodal approach to rehabilitation of these children. Bazični cilj istraživanja se odnosi na utvrđivanje uticaja primenjenog neuropsihološkog tretmana na kvalitet i stepen razvijenosti neuropsiholoških funkcija različitog stepena složenosti, kao osnove učenja i školskog postignuća dece sa intelektualnom ometenošću. Kao osnova za procenu efekata primenjenog tretmana postavljene su funkcije pažnje kao i sposobnosti učenja i adaptivnog ponašanja dece s lakom intelektualnom ometenošću u uslovima njihove edukacije standardne za naše sredinsko okruženje. Praktični cilj istraživanja ogleda se u mogućnostima procene efekata primenjenog tretmana na opšti razvojni potencijal i sposobnosti učenja, odnosno kognitivne efikasnosti intelektualno ometene dece. Uzorak istraživanja je formiran od 124 ispitanika oba pola, sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću osnovnoškolskog uzrasta. Ispitanici su tretirani metodom reedukacije psihomotorike u 33,1% slučajeva. Primenjeni su sledeći instrumenti: Baterija Lurija-Nebrasca za decu, Trail Making Test (Reitan, 1971), Conners skala procene ponašanja (Keith Conners, 1969). U okviru statističke obrade podataka primenjeni su χ2 test i ö koeficijent korelacije. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na statistički visoko signifikantnu povezanost primenjenog tretmana reedukacije psihomotorike i ispitanih sposobnosti i funkcija, naročito u domenu čitanja, ponašanja i školskog uspeha. Primenom različitih metoda i individualno formulisanim programima rada moguće je poboljšati efekte primenjenog tretmana.

VI konferencija Dani primenjene psihologije

In addition to basic pedagogic knowledge and the knowledge in special pedagogy, in the rehabilitation and education practice, the experts involved in the process of rehabilitation of visually impaired children with additional disabilities are expected to be trained to participate in the work of multidisciplinary teams, whose members, in partnership relations with parents, create a complex approach to a child. Such approach is the result of mutually depending approaches, non of them having any importance when not being a part of the whole and if it has not been created with other tangent disciplines. The development of the rehabilitation of visually impaired children with additional disabilities can be followed in relation to the classification according to the combination of impairments. In this context, it is worth to emphasize that the history of the education of deafblind children has very long tradition and, owing to meritorious zealous workers, we can talk today about various theories of the rehabilitation of this population. Bearing this in mind, as well as the current situation in our country concerning this area, the competences for the work with deafblind children will be presented in this work, and they are just those who introduce us most directly into the complexity of the rehabilitation of the population being separated from the world of objects by their visual impairment, and from the world of people by their hearing impairment, and these impairments together lead into isolation. The competences are defined on the basis of rich practical experience in the rehabilitation of deafblind persons in the world, but also owing to the cooperation among the experts working in vertically connected educational institutions, as well as owing to the mentioned theories, i.e. methodical approaches in the rehabilitation which stress the importance of knowledge on general issues of deafblindness, issues concerning the establishing of contact with a deafblind child and different forms of communication, issues important for orientation and mobility, modification of environmental factor with the aim of ensuring optimum conditions for receiving information from outside, as well as multidisciplinary cooperation. U praksi edukacije i rehabilitacije od stručnjaka uključenih u proces rehabilitacije dece oštećenog sa višestrukim smetnjama se očekuje da pored opštih pedagoških znanja i znanja iz tiflologije budu obučeni da mogu učestvovati u radu multidisciplinarnih timova, čiji članovi u partnerskom odnosu sa roditeljima kreiraju kompleksan pristup detetu. Takav pristup je rezultat međusobno zavisnih pristupa, od kojih nijedan nema značaja ukoliko nije deo celine i nije nastao u saradničkom odnosu sa ostalim tangentnim disciplinama. Razvoj rehabilitacije osoba oštećenog vida sa višestrukim smetnjama možemo pratiti u odnosu na podelu prema kombinaciji oštećenja. U tom kontekstu treba istaći da istorija obrazovanja slepogluvih u svetu ima dugu tradiciju i zahvaljujući zaslužnim pregaocima u ovoj oblasti danas možemo govoriti o različitim teorijama rehabilitacije ove populacije. Imajući to u vidu i trenutno stanje u ovoj oblasti kod nas, u radu će biti prezentovane kompetencije za rad sa slepogluvom decom, a upravo one nas najdirektnije upućuju na kompleksnost rehabilitacije, populacije koju oštećenje vida odvaja od sveta predmeta a oštećenje sluha od sveta ljudi i zajedno vode u izolaciju. Definisane su na osnovu bogatih praktičnih iskustava u rehabilitaciji slepogluvih u svetu, zatim zahvaljujući saradnji među stručnjacima koji rade u vertikalno povezanim obrazovnim institucijama, kao i pomenutim teorijama, odnosno metodskim pristupima u rehabilitaciji, koji ističu značaj poznavanja opštih pitanja slepogluvoće, pitanja koja se tiču uspostavljanja kontakta sa slepogluvim detetom i različitih oblika komunikacije, pitanja od značaja za orijentaciju i mobilnost, modifikaciju sredinskih faktora u cilju obezbeđivanja najoptimalnijih uslova za prijem informacija iz spoljašnje sredine, kao i multidisciplinarne saradnje.

Zbornik radova, Upravljanje slobodnim vremenom sadržajima sporta i rekreacije

Dani defektologa Srbije

The paper treats new conceptual frame of education and rehabilitation the children with intellectual disabilities from theoretical point of view. The aspect of treated problems are methodological consideration of diagnostic, education and rehabilitation in this scientific area. The paper also point out the possibility of the prevention and the treatment of 'burnout syndrome'. U radu je tretiran i obrađen sa teorijskog aspekta problem nove konceptualizacije obrazovanja i tretmana dece sa smetnjama intelektualnog razvoja. Zastupljeni su stavovi o novim metodskim pristupima definisanju dijagnostike, edukacije i rehabilitacije u ovoj oblasti kao i mogućnosti pojave savremenih problema u radu sa ovom populacijom u vidu profesionalnih problema kao što je sindrom profesionalnog sagorevanja.

The goal of a thus contemplated research refers to establishment of the level of awareness of the idea/concept of money in mentally retarded children living in families of different socio economic background. Beside pure recognition of banknotes and coins and ability to name them properly, the estimation included the extent of practical usage of money in every day's life. The basic purpose of this research was related to the fact that it was necessary to define if there were differences in coping with this idea (concept) between children of different socio-economical background. Thirty one mentally retarded respondents aged 8 through 10 years were interviewed. The test applied on that occasion was the LAP fourth subtest of the knowledge (awareness) of money. Socio economic background of the respective families was estimated by means of a questionnaire. Our research proved than more than a half of tested respondents were successful in doing the test. The correlative analysis of the awareness of money, physical age of the respondents and their families' socio economic background indicate the existence of statistically significant correlation. The respondents living in absolute poverty got better test results than those who lived within socially and financially stable families. Cilj ovako koncipiranog istraživanja odnosi se na utvrđivanje nivoa usvojenosti pojma novca kod dece s intelektualnom ometenošću različitog socioekonomskog statusa porodica u kojima žive. Procena usvojenosti pojma novca osim prepoznavanja i imenovanja, obuhvatila je i praktičnu upotrebu novca u svakodnevnom životu. Osnovna svrha ovog istraživanja odnosila se na činjenicu da je potrebno definisati da li postoje razlike u ovladavanju ovim pojmom između dece različitog socioekonomskog okruženja budući da novac predstavlja osnovu za skladan socioekonomski status. Trideset i jedan ispitanik s intelektualnom ometenošću, starosti 8-10 godina ispitan je LAP četvrtim subtestom procene poznavanja novca. Socioekonomski status porodica procenjen je upitnikom. Našim istraživanjem ukazano je da više od polovine ispitanog uzorka sa uspehom rešava primenjen test. Korelativna analiza između poznavanja novca kalendarskog uzrasta, socioekonomskog statusa porodica ispitanika ukazuje na postojanje statistički značajne povezanosti. Ispitanici koji žive u uslovima apsolutne bede uspešniji su pri rešavanju primenjenog testa u odnosu na ispitanike čija je porodica dobrog socioekonomskog statusa.

Dani defektologa Srbije

The First International Simposium Sport, Tourism & Health

9th World Congress of Biological Psychiatry

Sarajevski dani psihologije

9th World Congress of Biological Psychiatry

The paper treats new aspects of education and rehabilitation children with intellectual disabilities. Theoretical frame of work is designed as study of possibility to implement assistive technology in standard school settings in our environment and in whole existential environment. U radu je tretiran noviji konceptualni okvir sagledavanja savremenih trendova edukacije i rehabilitacije osoba sa smetnjama razvoja i intelektualnog funkcionisanja. Tretirana problematika posmatrana je sa aspekta primene računara, odnosno pojma asisitvne i/ili pristupne tehnologije u ovoj populaciji lica u brojnim životnim segmentima gde je neophodna njihova primena.