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Resume Objectifs Etudier la prevalence des papillomavirus humains (HPV) dans des cancers de localisation differente chez des patients residant dans la region ouest de l’Algerie durant une periode comprise entre 2010 et 2014. Materiel et methodes L’ADN extrait d’echantillons fixes au formol et inclus en paraffine provenait de 39 cancers de la sphere ano-genitale, 10 cancers des VADS et 36 cancers de la peau. La presence d’ADN d’HPV a ete recherchee en utilisant le test INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra®. Resultats La prevalence des HPV etait de 100 % dans les cancers du col uterin, 40 % dans les cancers du vagin, 17 % dans l’ensemble des cancers de la vulve, 33 % dans les cancers de l’anus, 0 % dans les cancers de l’amygdale et du larynx et 6,4 % dans les cancers spinocellulaires. Les HPV16 et 18 ont ete detectes seuls dans 52 % et 12 % des cancers du col uterin respectivement et associes a d’autres HPV dans 4 % et 16 % des cas respectivement. Conclusion L’ensemble de nos resultats sont globalement en accord avec ceux de la litterature. Des etudes de plus grande ampleur s’averent necessaires pour promouvoir la vaccination anti-HPV en Algerie.

International audience; Background: Proper folliculogenesis is fundamental to obtain a competent oocyte that, once fertilized, can support the acquisition of embryo developmental competence and pregnancy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of folliculogenesis, which are expressed in the cumulus-oocyte complex and in granulosa cells and some can also be found in the bloodstream. These circulating miRNAs are intensively studied and used as diagnostic/prognostic markers of many diseases, including gynecological and pregnancy disorders. In addition, serum contains small amounts of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), presumably resulting from the release of genetic material from apoptotic/necrotic cells. The quantification of nucleic acids in serum samples could be used as a diagnostic tool for female infertility.Methods: An overview of the published literature on miRNAs, and particularly on the use of circulating miRNAs and cfDNA as non-invasive biomarkers of gynecological diseases, was performed (up to January 2014).Results: In the past decade, cell-free nucleic acids have been studied for potential use as biomarkers in many diseases, particularly in gynecological cancers, ovarian and endometrial disorders, as well as in pregnancy-related pathologies and fetal aneuploidy. The data strongly suggest that the concentration of cell-free nucleic acids in serum from IVF patients or in embryo culture medium could be related to the ovarian hormone status and embryo quality, respectively, and be used as a non-invasive biomarker of IVF outcome.Conclusions: The profiling of circulating nucleic acids, such as miRNAs and cfDNA, opens new perspectives for the diagnosis/prognosis of ovarian disorders and for the prediction of IVF outcomes, namely (embryo quality and pregnancy).

International audience; Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lower limbs is a common occurrence in patients of African descent as reported by several large series. 1, 2 and 3 In light of their two initial cases occurring in African American women, Woolery-Lloyd et al4 recently focused on this localization for the differential diagnosis of hyperpigmented plaques on the lower limbs of elderly African American women