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Given the vastness of the environment, modern methods for its monitoring its behavior and changes are of great importance. The Neka power plant uses the Caspian Sea to cool its machines, and then the return water is discharged directly from the power plant into the sea. So far, no precise, economical method has been provided for detecting thermal pollution in marine resources in the previous studies. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for detection of thermal pollution through remote sensing and satellite imagery. Landsat 8 can calculate the water temperature with the OLI and TIRS sensors. In this study, the water temperature around the Neka power plant was calculated at the eastern channel (the water inlet channel from the sea to the power plant) and the western channel (the water outlet channel from the power plant to the sea) in two different images using the separate window algorithm in MATLAB. The results indicated an increase in the temperature in the western channel. For the western channel, the mean and highest temperatures on May 26, 2015, were 292.7 K and 294.3 K and were 300.5 K and 303.4 K on April 10, 2016. Based on the results, this can have environmental impacts due to water thermal pollution.

By a new method of modeling, the DLVO energy interaction between rough nanoparticles and rough surfaces is investigated at various conditions. Rippled sphere model and surface element integration method are used. For calculation of energy interaction, the spherical coordinates are used and by increasing the radius ratio of two particles, the pseudo flat surfaces are generated. With increasing the radius ratio of two particles to 50, the large particle behaves as flat surface in front of small particle. Roughness, size of particles, temperature, zeta potential, capacity, and concentration of ions, which influence the stability of nanocolloidal solutions, are considered by the new method. Spherical coordinates enable to model the rough nanoparticles and rough surfaces so that no simplifying assumptions are needed, which was very difficult and time-consuming in Cartesian coordinate system. New method could predict the effect of different parameters on the stability of nanocolloidal systems precisely, easily,...

Loading and haulage costs make up the majority of the expenses—almost half of its total costs at many mines. At many mines, loading and haulage costs make up the majority of the expenses—almost half of its total costs, in fact. Many researchers believe that the properties of fragmented rock are one of the most important factors that affect the productivity of loading machines. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of fragmented rock properties on the penetration rate of a loader’s bucket as one of the parameters of loading productivity. The study will be done using a simulated loader in the laboratory. For the study, 25 samples of fragmented rock with previously defined Rosin–Rammler’s size-distribution function, including the defined mean particle size (d50) and uniformity index (n), were built. Then, bulk-specific gravity and angle of repose of the samples were measured using standard laboratory tests. The relation of n and d50 and the measured properties of the samples with each other and with the penetration rate of the loader’s bucket were analysed. The results showed high correlation between pre-determined size distribution parameters and the measured properties of fragmented rock, including bulk-specific gravity and angle of repose. Also, the penetration rate is inversely correlated to the uniformity index, the angle of repose, and consequently, internal friction angle. And, it is in direct correlation with the mean particle size of the fragmented rocks and bulk specific gravity. It is obvious from the results that uniformity has more effect on the penetration rate than the mean particle size does.

In this work, N,N'-dipyridoxyl(4-chloro-1,2-phenylenediamine) [=H2L] Schiff base and its Cu(II) complex [Cu(L)] are newly synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopies as well as the elemental analysis. In addition to experimental characterizations, their structural parameters, tautomerism of the H2L, assignment of their IR vibrational bands and NMR chemical shifts together with the natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis are calculated at the density functional theory (DFT) level. The geometry of free H2L Schiff base is not planar, but each of the three aromatic rings lies in a separate plane. However, the [Cu(L)] complex has a square-planar geometry. The dianionic L2– species acts as a tetradentate ligand in the N,N,O–,O– manner. In the structure of the square complex, two phenolic oxygen atoms and two azomethine nitrogen atoms occupy four coordination positions. High-energy gaps approve the stability of two investigated compounds. The DFT-computed values are in good agreement with the experimental ones, confirming the suitability of the optimized geometries for H2L Schiff base and its [Cu(L)] complex.

Summary Most humans lack a functional CASP12 gene, with the nonfunctional variant (CASP12p1), found in 100% of the Caucasian and east Asian population, and in approximately 80% of people of African descent. However, 20% of Africans carry an intact allele of CASP12, which produces a full-length pro-enzyme and increases the risk of sepsis. We examined CASP12 allele distribution in persons from central and southern Asia and found that CASP12 was significantly present in members of the Dravidian language group, particularly in persons from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

A comparison of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of two types of Ocimum basilicum L.—O. basilicum L. (green type) and O. basilicum (purple type)—were carried out. The oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main components of the oil of the O.basilicum (green type) were methyl chavicol (62.5%), geranial (12.5%) and neral (9.9%) while in the oil of O.basilicum (purple type), trans-a-bergamotene (17.5%), linalool (17.0%) and 1,8-cineole (9.0%) were the prominent components. The antimicrobial activity of each oil was determined by measurement of the growth inhibitory zone, against three Gram positive, one Gram negative and one fungus using the well diffusion assay.

Human dentin consists of protein and mineral phases in the form of a collagen network reinforced with apatite. The bonding of materials to dentin, an important goal of dental materials research, can be achieved by the reaction of adhesion promoters with either of these phases. Our group is concerned with such bonding, and has used surface-sensitive instrumentation to elucidate the nature of a variety of surface treatments of dentin. Here, we discuss some of our findings, with particular emphasis on the kinetics of surface demineralization and deproteination, the reaction of formaldehyde with collagen, and the reaction of organophosphate with dentin apatite. The ramifications of our findings will be examined.Key words: dentin, adhesion, vibrational spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy.

Most humans lack a functional CASP12 gene, with the nonfunctional variant (CASP12p1), found in 100% of the Caucasian and east Asian population, and in approximately 80% of people of African descent. However, 20% of Africans carry an intact allele of CASP12, which produces a full-length pro-enzyme and increases the risk of sepsis. We examined CASP12 allele distribution in persons from central and southern Asia and found that CASP12 was significantly present in members of the Dravidian language group, particularly in persons from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

Transfer Fault describes a broad category of structures that accommodate lateral variations of deformation. They form in various scales and in different tectonic setting. In the southeastern part of the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt of Iran number of transfer faults, ranging from a few to tens of Kilometers has been identified. These transfer faults in which all accommodate the lateral variation of shortening as a result of continental collision along the northeastern margin of Arabian Plate interpreted as oblique/lateral ramps and have various modes of origin. The development of these fault zones in the sedimentary cover, their relation to the inherited and active basement faults and their importance in the hydrocarbon exploration is discussed. Based on evidences presented in this paper we have argued that probably most of the transfer faults in the Fras Folded Belt are not basement origin as was suggested previously.

It is uncertain whether high serum uric acid levels are a true independent risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis or whether the association is due to other confounding variables. We therefore studied the relationship between elevated serum uric acid levels and coronary atherosclerosis after adjustment was made for confounding factors such as age, gender, body mass index, smoking, lipid profile, blood pressure and blood glucose levels.A cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 patients referred for coronary angiography to heart centres in the Shahid-Chamran and Sina hospitals, Isfahan, Iran. Blood chemistry data as well as traditional risk factors and uric acid levels were measured at enrollment. We used vessel, stenosis and extent scores to indicate the degree of coronary artery involvement.This study was conducted on 240 patients with a mean age of 56 +/- 10.9 years (66% male; 37% female) who underwent coronary angiography. Student's t-test analyses revealed that there were significant differences in the mean uric acid levels between male and female patients (p = 0.001). We found no statistically significant correlation between serum uric acid levels and coronary atherosclerosis (p0.05). In addition, multivariate logistic regression analyses, using coronary atherosclerosis as dependent variable and traditional risk factors and uric acid levels as independent variables, did not show any significant difference.These findings indicated that uric acid is not associated with coronary atherosclerosis. Any correlation reported in other studies was probably due to the relationship between high serum uric acid levels and other cardiovascular risk factors.

Irvington, NY, has created a waterfront park on a former industrial site that is documented to have soil and groundwater contamination. The State of New York Department of Environmental Conservation provided funding for the project and new state legislation promoting the transformation of environmentally impaired sites into viable properties providing public benefits made it possible to build on the land. The project demonstrates how innovative engineering along with an understanding of environmental considerations can be used to transform contaminated properties into valuable public assets.

Background Although child abuse, sexual violence and suicide after disasters have been studied, remaining sorts of violence as well as prevention measures are still neglected. Aims To set up a comprehensive model to assess incidence rate, risk factors and effective prevention measures regarding post disaster violence among risk group and victims, as well as Rescue/Recovery Workers. Methods Besides WHO reports and CDC regarding violence and disasters, most relevant scientific articles in Pubmed and Embase were reviewed. Results To assess incidence rate and risk factors of post disaster violence, two methods are appropriate: firstly, comparison of severely and less severely exposed/unexposed groups. Secondly, one-group pre test-post test. Starting fieldwork within a few weeks post disaster and then for intermediate and long term is important. Education, environmental change, and law enforcement in different levels are recommended based on incidence rate, risk factors of different kinds of violence as well as disasters. To evaluate the impact and outcome of violence prevention measures, quasi experimental study would be the most appropriate. Besides data registry system, survey and interviews are secure for short and even long term after disasters. Moreover, triangulation is useful by multiple employments of various sources of data. Not only chaos of the settings but also logistical barriers of geographical distance and lack of pre-existing interpersonal networks are expected limitations. Contribution to the Field Recognition and prevention of post disaster violence can be carried out by systematic plan with different steps and levels according to multiple sources of data. This is an abstract of a presentation at Safety 2012, the 11th World Conference on Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion, 1-4 October 2012, Michael Fowler Center, Wellington, New Zealand. Full text does not seem to be available for this abstract.